1
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Santibáñez‐Morán MG, Rico‐Hidalgo MP, Manallack DT, Medina‐Franco JL. The Acid/Base Profile of a Large Food Chemical Database. Mol Inform 2019; 38:e1800171. [DOI: 10.1002/minf.201800171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa G. Santibáñez‐Morán
- Department of PharmacySchool of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000 Mexico City 04510 Mexico
| | - Mariel P. Rico‐Hidalgo
- Department of PharmacySchool of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000 Mexico City 04510 Mexico
| | - David T. Manallack
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash University (Parkville Campus) 381 Royal Parade Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - José L. Medina‐Franco
- Department of PharmacySchool of ChemistryUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Avenida Universidad 3000 Mexico City 04510 Mexico
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2
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Liu M, Xu Q, Guo S, Zuo R, Hong Y, Luo Y, Li Y, Gong P, Liu Y. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of novel imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine derivatives as potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS5B. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2621-2631. [PMID: 29681484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase is an attractive target for the development of novel and selective inhibitors of HCV replication. In this paper, the design, synthesis, and preliminary SAR studies of novel inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase based on the structure of tegobuvir have been described. The efforts to optimize the antiviral potency and reduce the treatment side effects with respect to genotype 1b resulted in the discovery of compound 3, which exhibited an EC50 of 1.163 nM and a CC50 >200 nM in a cell-based HCV replicon system assay. Additionally, testing for inhibition of the hERG channel showed a marked improvement over tegobuvir and the pharmacokinetic properties of compound 3 indicated that it was worthy of further investigation as a non-nucleoside inhibitor of HCV NS5B polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Su Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ruixi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yue Hong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yingxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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3
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Xu Y, Brenning BG, Kultgen SG, Foulks JM, Clifford A, Lai S, Chan A, Merx S, McCullar MV, Kanner SB, Ho KK. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Compounds as Potent and Selective Pim-1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:63-7. [PMID: 25589932 DOI: 10.1021/ml500300c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pim-1 has emerged as an attractive target for developing therapeutic agents for treating disorders involving abnormal cell growth, especially cancers. Herein we present lead optimization, chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compounds as potent and selective inhibitors of Pim-1 starting from a hit from virtual screening. These pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compounds strongly inhibited Pim-1 and Flt-3 kinases. Selected compounds suppressed both the phosphorylation of BAD protein in a cell-based assay and 2-dimensional colony formation in a clonogenic cell survival assay at submicromolar potency, suggesting that cellular activity was mediated through inhibition of Pim-1. Moreover, these Pim-1 inhibitors did not show significant hERG inhibition at 30 μM concentration. The lead compound proved to be highly selective against a panel of 119 oncogenic kinases, indicating it had an improved safety profile compared with the first generation Pim-1 inhibitor SGI-1776.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Benjamin G. Brenning
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Steven G. Kultgen
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Jason M. Foulks
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Adrianne Clifford
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Shuping Lai
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Ashley Chan
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Shannon Merx
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Michael V. McCullar
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Steven B. Kanner
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
| | - Koc-Kan Ho
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4140 Dublin Boulevard, Suite 200, Dublin, California 94568 United States
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4
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Nair AG, Wong MKC, Shu Y, Jiang Y, Jenh CH, Kim SH, Yang DY, Zeng Q, Shao Y, Zawacki LG, Duo J, McGuinness BF, Carroll CD, Hobbs DW, Shih NY, Rosenblum SB, Kozlowski JA. IV. Discovery of CXCR3 antagonists substituted with heterocycles as amide surrogates: improved PK, hERG and metabolic profiles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1085-8. [PMID: 24486132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structure-human CXCR3 binding affinity relationship of a series of pyridyl/pyrazinyl-piperazinyl-piperidine derivatives were explored with a focus to improve PK, hERG and metabolic profiles. Several small heterocycles were identified as amide surrogates, which minimized many potential metabolite issues. During the course of SAR development, we have observed the additive effect of desirable functional groups to improve hERG and PK profiles which lead to the discovery of many clinically developable CXCR3 antagonists with excellent overall profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar G Nair
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | - Michael K C Wong
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Youheng Shu
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Yueheng Jiang
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Chung-Her Jenh
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Seong Heon Kim
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - De-Yi Yang
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Qingbei Zeng
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Yuefei Shao
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 3000 Eastpark Boulevard, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | - Lisa Guise Zawacki
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 3000 Eastpark Boulevard, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | - Jingqi Duo
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 3000 Eastpark Boulevard, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | - Brian F McGuinness
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 3000 Eastpark Boulevard, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | | | - Doug W Hobbs
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 3000 Eastpark Boulevard, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
| | - Neng-Yang Shih
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Stuart B Rosenblum
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Joseph A Kozlowski
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
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5
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Leivers M, Miller JF, Chan SA, Lauchli R, Liehr S, Mo W, Ton T, Turner EM, Youngman M, Falls JG, Long S, Mathis A, Walker J. Imidazopyridazine Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase Inhibitors. Structure–Activity Relationship Studies and the Discovery of a Novel, Traceless Prodrug Mechanism. J Med Chem 2013; 57:1964-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401337x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Leivers
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - John F. Miller
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Stephanie A. Chan
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ryan Lauchli
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Sebastian Liehr
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Santen Inc., 2100 Powell Street,
Suite 1600, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Wenyan Mo
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- ChemPartner Co., 998 Halei Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tony Ton
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Principia Biopharma, Inc., 400
East Jamie Court, Suite 302, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Turner
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Michael Youngman
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Lieber Institute For Brain Development, 855 North Wolfe Street, Suite 300, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - J. Greg Falls
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Susan Long
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Amanda Mathis
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Nonclinical
and Clinical Pharmacology, Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8510 Colonnade
Center Drive, Raleigh, North
Carolina 27615, United States
| | - Jill Walker
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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6
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Manallack DT, Prankerd RJ, Nassta GC, Ursu O, Oprea TI, Chalmers DK. A chemogenomic analysis of ionization constants--implications for drug discovery. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:242-55. [PMID: 23303535 PMCID: PMC3777741 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemogenomics methods seek to characterize the interaction between drugs and biological systems and are an important guide for the selection of screening compounds. The acid/base character of drugs has a profound influence on their affinity for the receptor, on their absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profile and the way the drug can be formulated. In particular, the charge state of a molecule greatly influences its lipophilicity and biopharmaceutical characteristics. This study investigates the acid/base profile of human small-molecule drugs, chemogenomics datasets and screening compounds including a natural products set. We estimate the acid-ionization constant (pK(a)) values of these compounds and determine the identity of the ionizable functional groups in each set. We find substantial differences in acid/base profiles of the chemogenomic classes. In many cases, these differences can be linked to the nature of the target binding site and the corresponding functional groups needed for recognition of the ligand. Clear differences are also observed between the acid/base characteristics of drugs and screening compounds. For example, the proportion of drugs containing a carboxylic acid was 20 %, in stark contrast to a value of 2.4 % for the screening set sample. The proportion of aliphatic amines was 27 % for drugs and only 3.4 % for screening compounds. This suggests that there is a mismatch between commercially available screening compounds and the compounds that are likely to interact with a given chemogenomic target family. Our analysis provides a guide for the selection of screening compounds to better target specific chemogenomic families with regard to the overall balance of acids, bases and pK(a) distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Manallack
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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7
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Manallack DT, Prankerd RJ, Yuriev E, Oprea TI, Chalmers DK. The significance of acid/base properties in drug discovery. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:485-96. [PMID: 23099561 PMCID: PMC3641858 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35348b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
While drug discovery scientists take heed of various guidelines concerning drug-like character, the influence of acid/base properties often remains under-scrutinised. Ionisation constants (pK(a) values) are fundamental to the variability of the biopharmaceutical characteristics of drugs and to underlying parameters such as logD and solubility. pK(a) values affect physicochemical properties such as aqueous solubility, which in turn influences drug formulation approaches. More importantly, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) are profoundly affected by the charge state of compounds under varying pH conditions. Consideration of pK(a) values in conjunction with other molecular properties is of great significance and has the potential to be used to further improve the efficiency of drug discovery. Given the recent low annual output of new drugs from pharmaceutical companies, this review will provide a timely reminder of an important molecular property that influences clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Manallack
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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8
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Li H, Qin J, Dhondi P, Zhou W, Vicarel M, Bara T, Cole D, Josien H, Pissarnitski D, Zhu Z, Palani A, Aslanian R, Clader J, Czarniecki M, Greenlee W, Cohen-Williams M, Hyde L, Song L, Zhang L, Chu I, Huang X. The discovery of fused oxadiazepines as gamma secretase modulators for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:466-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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III. Identification of novel CXCR3 chemokine receptor antagonists with a pyrazinyl–piperazinyl–piperidine scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6982-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Trujillo JI, Huang W, Hughes RO, Joseph Rogier D, Turner SR, Devraj R, Morton PA, Xue CB, Chao G, Covington MB, Newton RC, Metcalf B. Design and synthesis of novel CCR2 antagonists: Investigation of non-aryl/heteroaryl binding motifs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1827-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Liang G, Choi-Sledeski YM, Poli GB, Chen X, Minnich A, Wang Q, Tsay J, Sides K, Vaz RJ. Structure-based design, synthesis, and profiling of a β-tryptase inhibitor with a spiro-piperidineamide scaffold, benzylamine P1 group, and a substituted indole P4 group. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Meng W, Brigance RP, Chao HJ, Fura A, Harrity T, Marcinkeviciene J, O'Connor SP, Tamura JK, Xie D, Zhang Y, Klei HE, Kish K, Weigelt CA, Turdi H, Wang A, Zahler R, Kirby MS, Hamann LG. Discovery of 6-(aminomethyl)-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-7-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamides as potent, selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5620-8. [PMID: 20684603 DOI: 10.1021/jm100634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Continued structure-activity relationship (SAR) exploration within our previously disclosed azolopyrimidine containing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors led us to focus on an imidazolopyrimidine series in particular. Further study revealed that by replacing the aryl substitution on the imidazole ring with a more polar carboxylic ester or amide, these compounds displayed not only increased DPP4 binding activity but also significantly reduced human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) and sodium channel inhibitory activities. Additional incremental adjustment of polarity led to permeable molecules which exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in preclinical animal species. The active site binding mode of these compounds was determined by X-ray crystallography as exemplified by amide 24c. A subsequent lead molecule from this series, (+)-6-(aminomethyl)-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-7-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide (24s), emerged as a potent, selective DPP4 inhibitor that displayed excellent PK profiles and in vivo efficacy in ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, USA.
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13
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Blass BE, Fensome A, Trybulski E, Magolda R, Gardell SJ, Liu K, Samuel M, Feingold I, Huselton C, Jackson CM, Djandjighian L, Ho D, Hennan J, Janusz JM. Selective Kv1.5 Blockers: Development of (R)-1-(Methylsulfonylamino)-3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-imidazolidinone (KVI-020/WYE-160020) as a Potential Treatment for Atrial Arrhythmia. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6531-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901042m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Douglas Ho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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14
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Abstract
A set of simple, consistent structure-property guides have been determined from an analysis of a number of key ADMET assays run within GSK: solubility, permeability, bioavailability, volume of distribution, plasma protein binding, CNS penetration, brain tissue binding, P-gp efflux, hERG inhibition, and cytochrome P450 1A2/2C9/2C19/2D6/3A4 inhibition. The rules have been formulated using molecular properties that chemists intuitively know how to alter in a molecule, namely, molecular weight, logP, and ionization state. The rules supplement the more predictive black-box models available to us by clearly illustrating the key underlying trends, which are in line with reports in the literature. It is clear from the analyses reported herein that almost all ADMET parameters deteriorate with either increasing molecular weight, logP, or both, with ionization state playing either a beneficial or detrimental affect depending on the parameter in question. This study re-emphasizes the need to focus on a lower molecular weight and logP area of physicochemical property space to obtain improved ADMET parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paul Gleeson
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
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15
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Johnson SR, Yue H, Conder ML, Shi H, Doweyko AM, Lloyd J, Levesque P. Estimation of hERG inhibition of drug candidates using multivariate property and pharmacophore SAR. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:6182-92. [PMID: 17596950 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of a computational model for the prediction of the inhibition of K(+) flow through the hERG ion channel. Using a collection of 1075 discovery compounds with hERG inhibition measured in our standard patch-clamp electrophysiology assay, molecular features important for drug-induced inhibition were identified using a combination of statistical inference algorithms and manual hypothesis generation and testing. While many of the features used in the model reflect those referenced in the literature, several aspects of the model provide new insight into the role of physicochemical properties, electrostatics, and novel pharmacophores in hERG inhibition. Coefficients for these 10 features were then determined by least median squares regression, resulting in a model with an R(2) approximately 0.66 and RMS error (RMSe) of 0.47 log units for an external test set. Significant additional validation performed using a large collection of subsequent discovery data has been very encouraging with an R(2)=0.54 and an RMSe of 0.63 log units. The performance of the model across several different chemotypes is demonstrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Johnson
- Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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