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Li Y, Guo J, Sun S. Decreasing acid value of fatty acid ethyl ester products using complex enzymes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1355009. [PMID: 38390361 PMCID: PMC10882546 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1355009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, enzymatic method has been used to prepare biodiesel using various oils. But the high acid value of the biodiesel product using enzyme as a catalyst has been one issue. In this work, an attempt to reduce the acid value of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) product to satisfy the specified requirement (AV ≤ 0.5 mgKOH/g), a complex enzyme-catalyzed method was used for the ethanolysis of Semen Abutili seed oil (SASO) (AV = 5.5 ± 0.3 mgKOH/g). The effects of various variables (constituents of complex enzyme, type and addition of water removal agent, time, temperature, enzyme addition load, substrate ratio) on the enzymatic reaction were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were: 1% addition of liquid lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0% and 0.8% of enzyme dry powder CALB, reaction temperature 35°C, alcohol-oil ratio 9:1 (mol/mol), 0.8 g/g of 4A-MS and reaction time 24 h. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the FAEE yield was 90.8% ± 1.5% and its acid value was decreased from 12.0 ± 0.2 mgKOH/g to 0.39 ± 0.10 mgKOH/g. In further evaluating the feasibility of preparing FAEE from SASO, the FAEE products obtained under the optimal reaction conditions were purified and evaluated with reference to the ASTM D6751 standard for the main physicochemical indexes. The results obtained were in accordance with the requirements except for the oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shangde Sun
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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2
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Continuous chiral resolution of racemic Ibuprofen by diastereomeric salt formation in a Couette-Taylor crystallizer. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Sarkar S, Chowdhury R. Simulation on non-ideal behaviour of plug flow bioreactor based on the growth study of Lactobacillus species. Chem Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2021.2008275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Sarkar
- Environment Research Group, R&D, Tata Steel Ltd., Jamshedpur, India
| | - Ranjana Chowdhury
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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4
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Jin LQ, Chen XX, Jin YT, Shentu JK, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Immobilization of recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing glucose isomerase using modified diatomite as a carrier for effective production of high fructose corn syrup in packed bed reactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1781-1792. [PMID: 33830378 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To improve the operational stability of glucose isomerase in E. coli TEGI-W139F/V186T, the immobilized cells were prepared with modified diatomite as a carrier and 74.1% activity of free cells was recovered after immobilization. Results showed that the immobilized cells still retained 86.2% of the initial transformational activity after intermittent reused 40 cycles and the yield of D-fructose reached above 42% yield at 60 °C. Moreover, the immobilized cells were employed in the continuous production of High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) in a recirculating packed bed reactor for 603 h at a constant flow rate. It showed that the immobilized cells exhibited good operational stability and the yield of D-fructose retained above 42% within 603 h. The space-time yield of high fructose corn syrup reached 3.84 kg L-1 day-1. The investigation provided an efficient immobilization method for recombinant cells expressing glucose isomerase with higher stability, and the immobilized cells are a promising biocatalyst for HFCS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Jin
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Xiao Chen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ting Jin
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Kang Shentu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
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5
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Zappaterra F, Rodriguez MEM, Summa D, Semeraro B, Costa S, Tamburini E. Biocatalytic Approach for Direct Esterification of Ibuprofen with Sorbitol in Biphasic Media. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3066. [PMID: 33802769 PMCID: PMC8002397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) introduced in the 1960s and widely used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic. In its acid form, the solubility of 21 mg/L greatly limits its bioavailability. Since the bioavailability of a drug product plays a critical role in the design of oral administration dosage, this study investigated the enzymatic esterification of ibuprofen as a strategy for hydrophilization. This work proposes an enzymatic strategy for the covalent attack of highly hydrophilic molecules using acidic functions of commercially available bioactive compounds. The poorly water-soluble drug ibuprofen was esterified in a hexane/water biphasic system by direct esterification with sorbitol using the cheap biocatalyst porcine pancreas lipase (PPL), which demonstrated itself to be a suitable enzyme for the effective production of the IBU-sorbitol ester. This work reports the optimization of the esterification reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Zappaterra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (D.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Maria Elena Maldonado Rodriguez
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering of the RRNN, Salesian Polytechnic University, Av. 12 de Octubre y Wilson, Quito 170109, Ecuador;
| | - Daniela Summa
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (D.S.); (E.T.)
| | | | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (D.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Elena Tamburini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (D.S.); (E.T.)
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Ghofrani S, Allameh A, Yaghmaei P, Norouzian D. Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase for resolution of racimic ibuprofen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:117-123. [PMID: 33528796 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Due to lipases' regio-selectivity and ability to catalyze different reactions such as hydrolysis, esterification, and transesterification, the enzyme is attractive in biotransformation technology. Besides, another technology, namely enzyme immobilization, has attracted scientists/technologists' attention to employ immobilized lipase in such a field. Thus lipase of Candida rugosa was immobilized onto silica nanoparticles through adsorption. Furthermore, the immobilized biocatalyst was characterized and used to esterify ibuprofen enantioselectively. METHODS To characterize immobilized lipase onto silica nanoparticles scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used. RESULTS The catalytic properties of both immobilized and free lipases such as optima pH and temperature were not different. According to the results, the immobilized lipase on silica nanoparticles showed 45% and 96% conversion (C) and enantioselectivity (ees), respectively. In comparison to free lipase, the immobilized enzyme came with better catalytic activity. CONCLUSION Silica nanoparticles as one of the most promising materials for the immobilization of lipase in enantioselective esterification of ibuprofen, were introduced in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Ghofrani
- Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Dariush Norouzian
- Nano-Biotechnology Department, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Yuan X, Wang L, Liu G, Dai G, Tang K. Resolution of (
R
,
S
)‐ibuprofen catalyzed by immobilized Novozym40086 in organic phase. Chirality 2019; 31:445-456. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China
| | - Lujun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China
| | - Guangyong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China
| | - Guilin Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China
| | - Kewen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang China
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8
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Martínez-Ruiz A, Tovar-Castro L, García HS, Saucedo-Castañeda G, Favela-Torres E. Continuous ethyl oleate synthesis by lipases produced by solid-state fermentation by Rhizopus microsporus. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:52-58. [PMID: 29879651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipases produced by solid-state fermentation were used directly as biocatalysts for continuous synthesis of ethyl oleate in a continuously stirred tank reactor. The effect of biocatalyst reutilisation, molar ratio of substrates, agitation rate and feed rate on the esterification of oleic acid with ethanol were investigated. The catalyst maintained 90% conversion for four batch cycles with a 1:2 molar ratio (oleic acid:ethanol). Mechanical agitation at 200 and 300 rpm during 12 h of continuous reaction did not affect the biocatalytic conversion, allowing substrate conversions greater than 90% that were obtained with 50 mM oleic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 during 14 h reaction. In contrast, substrate conversion was 70% with 100 mM oleic acid at a flow rate of 2 mL/min during 25 h of reaction. These results are promising and offer a technical alternative for the development of accessible biocatalysts that can be used in continuous operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City C.P. 09340, Mexico
| | - Luz Tovar-Castro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Delegación Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04960, Mexico
| | - Hugo Sergio García
- Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Calzada Miguel Ángel de Quevedo 2779, Col. Formando Hogar, Veracruz C.P. 91897, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Saucedo-Castañeda
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City C.P. 09340, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Favela-Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City C.P. 09340, Mexico.
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9
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Memarpoor-Yazdi M, Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Doroodmand MM. Enantioselective hydrolysis of ibuprofen ethyl ester by a thermophilic immobilized lipase, ELT, from Rhodothermus marinus. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Zheng MM, Chen FF, Li H, Li CX, Xu JH. Continuous Production of Ursodeoxycholic Acid by Using Two Cascade Reactors with Co-immobilized Enzymes. Chembiochem 2017; 19:347-353. [PMID: 28926166 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is an effective drug for the treatment of hepatitis. In this study, 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7β-HSDH) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), were co-immobilized onto an epoxy-functionalized resin (ES-103) to catalyze the synthesis of UDCA from chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). Through optimizing the immobilization pH, time, and loading ratio of enzymes to resin, the specific activities of immobilized LDH-7αHSDH@ES-103 and 7βHSDH-GDH@ES-103 were 43.2 and 25.8 U g-1 , respectively, which were 12- and 516-fold higher than that under the initial immobilization conditions. Continuous production of UDCA from CDCA was subsequently achieved by using immobilized LDH-7αHSDH@ES-103 and 7βHSDH-GDH@ES-103 in two serial packed-bed reactors. The yield of UDCA reached nearly 100 % and lasted for at least 12 h in the packed-bed reactors, which was superior to that of the batchwise reaction. This efficient continuous approach developed herein might provide a feasible route for large-scale biotransformation of CDCA into UDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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11
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Bhardwaj KK, Gupta R. Synthesis of Chirally Pure Enantiomers by Lipase. J Oleo Sci 2017; 66:1073-1084. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reena Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University
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12
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Lichtenegger GJ, Tursic V, Kitzler H, Obermaier K, Khinast JG, Gruber-Wölfler H. The Plug & Play Reactor: A Highly Flexible Device for Heterogeneous Reactions in Continuous Flow. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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13
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Enzymatic Hydrolytic Resolution of Racemic Ibuprofen Ethyl Ester Using an Ionic Liquid as Cosolvent. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070905. [PMID: 27420042 PMCID: PMC6274346 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an ionic liquid (IL) system for the enzymatic resolution of racemic ibuprofen ethyl ester to produce (S)-ibuprofen. Nineteen ILs were selected for use in buffer systems to investigate the effects of ILs as cosolvents for the production of (S)-ibuprofen using thermostable esterase (EST10) from Thermotoga maritima. Analysis of the catalytic efficiency and conformation of EST10 showed that [OmPy][BF₄] was the best medium for the EST10-catalyzed production of (S)-ibuprofen. The maximum degree of conversion degree (47.4%), enantiomeric excess of (S)-ibuprofen (96.6%) and enantiomeric ratio of EST10 (177.0) were achieved with an EST10 concentration of 15 mg/mL, racemic ibuprofen ethyl ester concentration of 150 mM, at 75 °C , with a reaction time of 10 h. The reaction time needed to achieve the highest yield of (S)-ibuprofen was decreased from 24 h to 10 h. These results are relevant to the proposed application of ILs as solvents for the EST10-catalyzed production of (S)-ibuprofen.
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14
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Ma BD, Yu HL, Pan J, Xu JH. High-yield production of enantiopure 2-hydroxy-2-(2′-chlorophenyl) acetic acid by long-term operation of a continuous packed bed reactor. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ravelo M, Esteban J, Ladero M, García-Ochoa F. Enzymatic synthesis of ibuprofen monoglycerides catalyzed by free Candida antarctica lipase B in a toluene–glycerol biphasic medium. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15480h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive distillation in the presence of toluene permits the intensification of ibuprofen monoglyceride synthesis by means of aCandida antarcticaindustrial solution, attaining total conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Ravelo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - Jesús Esteban
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - Miguel Ladero
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - Félix García-Ochoa
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
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17
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Ravelo M, Fuente E, Blanco Á, Ladero M, García-Ochoa F. Esterification of glycerol and ibuprofen in solventless media catalyzed by free CALB: Kinetic modelling. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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José C, Toledo MV, Briand LE. Enzymatic kinetic resolution of racemic ibuprofen: past, present and future. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:891-903. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1057551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla José
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas – Dr. Jorge J. Ronco (CINDECA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CCT La Plata, Calle 47 No 257, B1900AJK La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Toledo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas – Dr. Jorge J. Ronco (CINDECA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CCT La Plata, Calle 47 No 257, B1900AJK La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura E. Briand
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas – Dr. Jorge J. Ronco (CINDECA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CCT La Plata, Calle 47 No 257, B1900AJK La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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Ben Akacha N, Gargouri M. Microbial and enzymatic technologies used for the production of natural aroma compounds: Synthesis, recovery modeling, and bioprocesses. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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20
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Sikora A, Siódmiak T, Marszałł MP. Kinetic Resolution of Profens by EnantioselectiveEsterification Catalyzed byCandida antarcticaandCandida rugosaLipases. Chirality 2014; 26:663-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sikora
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Tomasz Siódmiak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Michał Piotr Marszałł
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Bydgoszcz Poland
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21
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Enantioselective resolution of racemic ibuprofen esters using different lipases immobilized on octyl sepharose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Lipase-immobilized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for kinetic resolution of (R,S)-ibuprofen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Hassan El-Feky H, Cano-Òdena À, Gumí T. Facile synthesis of porous monolithic membrane microdevice. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Habibi Z, Mohammadi M, Yousefi M. Enzymatic hydrolysis of racemic ibuprofen esters using Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on different supports. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Damnjanović JJ, Žuža MG, Savanović JK, Bezbradica DI, Mijin DŽ, Bošković-Vragolović N, Knežević-Jugović ZD. Covalently immobilized lipase catalyzing high-yielding optimized geranyl butyrate synthesis in a batch and fluidized bed reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Enantioselective esterification of ibuprofen by a novel thermophilic Biocatalyst: APE1547. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-011-0007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Ahmed-Omer B, Sanderson AJ. Preparation of fluoxetine by multiple flow processing steps. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:3854-62. [PMID: 21448496 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Microflow technology is established as a modern and fashionable tool in synthetic organic chemistry, bringing great improvement and potential, on account of a series of advantages over flask methods. The study presented here focuses on the application of flow chemistry process in performing an efficient multiple step syntheses of (±)-fluoxetine as an alternative to conventional synthetic methods, and one of the few examples of total synthesis accomplished by flow technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Ahmed-Omer
- Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey, UK
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29
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Couto R, Vidinha P, Peres C, Ribeiro AS, Ferreira O, Oliveira MV, Macedo EA, Loureiro JM, Barreiros S. Geranyl Acetate Synthesis in a Packed-Bed Reactor Catalyzed by Novozym in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and in Supercritical Ethane. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie101489j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Couto
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Vidinha
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Célia Peres
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adriano S. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga Ferreira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Manuela V. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia A. Macedo
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José M. Loureiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Barreiros
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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30
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Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei as an industrial biocatalyst in chemical process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Benaiges MD, Alarcón M, Fuciños P, Ferrer P, Rua M, Valero F. Recombinant Candida rugosa lipase 2 from Pichia pastoris: Immobilization and use as biocatalyst in a stereoselective reaction. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 26:1252-8. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Sayara T, Sarrà M, Sánchez A. Optimization and enhancement of soil bioremediation by composting using the experimental design technique. Biodegradation 2009; 21:345-56. [PMID: 19882357 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-009-9305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was the application of the experimental design technique to optimize the conditions for the bioremediation of contaminated soil by means of composting. A low-cost material such as compost from the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste as amendment and pyrene as model pollutant were used. The effect of three factors was considered: pollutant concentration (0.1-2 g/kg), soil:compost mixing ratio (1:0.5-1:2 w/w) and compost stability measured as respiration index (0.78, 2.69 and 4.52 mg O2 g(-1) Organic Matter h(-1)). Stable compost permitted to achieve an almost complete degradation of pyrene in a short time (10 days). Results indicated that compost stability is a key parameter to optimize PAHs biodegradation. A factor analysis indicated that the optimal conditions for bioremediation after 10, 20 and 30 days of process were (1.4, 0.78, 1:1.4), (1.4, 2.18. 1:1.3) and (1.3, 2.18, 1:1.3) for concentration (g/kg), compost stability (mg O2 g(-1) Organic Matter h(-1)) and soil:compost mixing ratio, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahseen Sayara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Liu Y, Wang F, Tan T. Cyclic resolution of racemic ibuprofen via coupled efficient lipase and acid-base catalysis. Chirality 2009; 21:349-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Liu Y, Wang F, Tan T. Effects of alcohol and solvent on the performance of lipase from Candida sp. in enantioselective esterification of racemic ibuprofen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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López N, Pernas MA, Pastrana LM, Sánchez A, Valero F, Rúa ML. Reactivity of Pure Candida rugosa Lipase Isoenzymes (Lip1, Lip2, and Lip3) in Aqueous and Organic Media. Influence of the Isoenzymatic Profile on the Lipase Performance in Organic Media. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 20:65-73. [PMID: 14763825 DOI: 10.1021/bp034188c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three pure isoenzymes from Candida rugosa lipase (CRL: Lip1, Lip2, and Lip3) were compared in terms of their stability and reactivity in both aqueous and organic media. The combined effect of temperature and pH on their stability was studied applying a factorial design. The analysis of the response surfaces indicated that Lip1 and Lip3 have a similar stability, lower than that of Lip2. In aqueous media, Lip3 was the most active enzyme on the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters, whereas Lip1 showed the highest activity on the hydrolysis of most assayed triacylglycerides. The highest differences among isoenzymes were found in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerides. Thus, a short, medium, and long acyl chain triacylglyceride was the preferred substrate for Lip3, Lip1, and Lip2, respectively. In organic medium, Lip3 and Lip1 provided excellent results in terms of enantioselectivity in the resolution of ibuprofen (EF value over 0.90) and conversion, whereas initial esterification rate was higher for Lip3. However, the use of Lip2 resulted in lower values of conversion, enantiomeric excess, and enantioselectivity. In the case of trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol (TPCH) resolution, initial esterification rates were high except for Lip3, which also produced poor results in conversion and enantiomeric excess. The performance of the pure isoenzymes in the enantioselectivity esterification of these substrates was compared with different CRL crude preparations with known isoenzymatic content and the different results could not be explained by their isoenzymatic profile. Therefore, it can be concluded that other factors can also affect the catalysis of CRL and only the reproducibility between powders can ensure the reproducibility in synthesis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus López
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Csajági C, Szatzker G, Rita Tőke E, Ürge L, Darvas F, Poppe L. Enantiomer selective acylation of racemic alcohols by lipases in continuous-flow bioreactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Purification and Application of a Lipase from Penicillium expansum PED-03. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2007; 142:194-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-007-0043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Gea T, Barrena R, Artola A, Sánchez A. Optimal bulking agent particle size and usage for heat retention and disinfection in domestic wastewater sludge composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2007; 27:1108-16. [PMID: 17008084 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Revised: 06/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Composting of two types of sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants, raw sludge (RS) and anaerobically digested sludge (ADS), has been systematically studied by means of the experimental design technique. The results have been analyzed using a full factorial experimental design in order to determine the optimal conditions for composting such sludges in terms of bulking agent particle size and bulking agent:sludge volumetric ratio, two of the key parameters to ensure an optimal performance of the composting process. The objective function selected was a simulated death kinetics of Salmonella, which was chosen as a model pathogen microorganism to represent the disinfection of the material. For both types of sludge, optimal values were found at 5mm bulking agent particle size and 1:1 bulking agent:sludge volumetric ratio when a Gaussian function was fitted to the experimental data. Pilot scale experiments using optimal values obtained were successfully undertaken and confirmed a full disinfection of the sludge by means of the composting process. A mathematical model to simulate the disinfection performance of a composting material is presented. The model can be applied to simulate the disinfection performance of a given pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gea
- Composting Research Group, Departament Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913-Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
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39
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Huh YS, Jun YS, Hong YK, Hong WH, Kim DH. Microfluidic separation of (S)-ibuprofen using enzymatic reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2006.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Carvalho PO, Cass QB, Calafatti SA, Contesini FJ, Bizaco R. Review- Alternatives for the separation of drug enantiomers: ibuprofen as a model compound. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-66322006000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Q. B. Cass
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil
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41
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de O Carvalho P, Contesini FJ, Bizaco R, Calafatti SA, Macedo GA. Optimization of enantioselective resolution of racemic ibuprofen by native lipase from Aspergillus niger. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 33:713-8. [PMID: 16680456 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-006-0138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of (R,S)-ibuprofen (2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid) enantiomers by esterification reaction with 1-propanol in different organic solvents was studied using native Aspergillus niger lipase. The main variables controlling the process (enzyme concentration and 1-propanol:ibuprofen molar ratio) have been optimized using response surface methodology based on a five-level, two-variable central composite rotatable design, in which the selected objective function was enantioselectivity. This enzyme preparation showed preferentially catalyzes the esterification of R(-)-ibuprofen, and under optimum conditions (7% w/v of enzyme and molar ratio of 2.41:1) the enantiomeric excess of active S(+)-ibuprofen and total conversion values were 79.1 and 48.0%, respectively, and the E-value was 32, after 168 h of reaction in isooctane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de O Carvalho
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade São Francisco, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.
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42
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Sing Long W, Kamaruddin AH, Bhatia S. Enzyme kinetics of kinetic resolution of racemic ibuprofen ester using enzymatic membrane reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2005.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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44
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Watanabe K, Uno T, Koshiba T, Okamoto T, Ebara Y, Ueji SI. How Does Lipase Flexibility Affect Its Enantioselectivity in Organic Solvents? A Possible Role of CH···π Association in Stabilization of Enzyme–Substrate Complex. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.77.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Emmerson DPG, Villard R, Mugnaini C, Batsanov A, Howard JAK, Hems WP, Tooze RP, Davis BG. Precise structure activity relationships in asymmetric catalysis using carbohydrate scaffolds to allow ready fine tuning: dialkylzinc–aldehyde additions. Org Biomol Chem 2003; 1:3826-38. [PMID: 14649915 DOI: 10.1039/b309715n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ready construction of 24 stereochemically and functionally diverse carbohydrate ligand structures from a core D-glucosamine scaffold has allowed the evaluation of broad ranging structure activity relationships in ligand accelerated zincate additions to aldehydes, with variations in deltadeltaG+/+(R-S) of up to 5650 J mol(-1) that create opposing senses of asymmetric induction and that are consistent with models based on several ligand X-ray structures and molecular mechanics analysis. Factorial analysis of enantioselectivity using key dihedral angles and steric volume on N-2 also highlight the potential for the use of factorial design in ligand construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P G Emmerson
- Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY
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46
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Ikeda Y, Kurokawa Y. Enantioselective esterification of racemic ibuprofen in isooctane by immobilized lipase on cellulose acetate-titanium iso-propoxide gel fiber. J Biosci Bioeng 2002; 93:98-100. [PMID: 16233173 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(02)80062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2001] [Accepted: 10/24/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipase (Candida rugosa) was entrap-immobilized on cellulose acetate-titanium iso-propoxide gel fiber by the sol-gel method. The immobilized lipase was used for the direct synthesis of (S)-ibuprofen ester from racemic ibuprofen using propyl alcohol as an acyl acceptor in isooctane. The activity of the immobilized lipase was decreased to about 10-20% that of native lipase. However, the reaction was more enantioselective compared to that with native lipase. The stability for repeated use was improved by immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ikeda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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47
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Ueji SI, Tanaka H, Hanaoka T, Ueda A, Watanabe K, Kaihatsu K, Ebara Y. Effects of Chemical Modification of Lipase on Its Enantioselectivity in Organic Solvents. CHEM LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2001.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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