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Dishliyska V, Stoyancheva G, Abrashev R, Miteva-Staleva J, Spasova B, Angelova M, Krumova E. Catalase from the Antarctic Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus I-9-Biosynthesis and Gene Characterization. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:541-548. [PMID: 38031622 PMCID: PMC10682308 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extremely cold habitats are a serious challenge for the existing there organisms. Inhabitants of these conditions are mostly microorganisms and lower mycetae. The mechanisms of microbial adaptation to extreme conditions are still unclear. Low temperatures cause significant physiological and biochemical changes in cells. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the relationship between low-temperature exposure and oxidative stress events, as well as the importance of antioxidant enzymes for survival in such conditions. The catalase is involved in the first line of the cells' antioxidant defense. Published information supports the concept of a key role for catalase in antioxidant defense against cold stress in a wide range of organisms isolated from the Antarctic. Data on representatives of microscopic fungi, however, are rarely found. There is scarce information on the characterization of catalase synthesized by adapted to cold stress organisms. Overall, this study aimed to observe the role of catalase in the survival strategy of filamentous fungi in extremely cold habitats and to identify the gene encoded catalase enzyme. Our results clearly showed that catalase is the main part of antioxidant enzyme defense in fungal cells against oxidative stress caused by low temperature exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava Dishliyska
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galina Stoyancheva
- Departament of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslav Abrashev
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jeny Miteva-Staleva
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Boriana Spasova
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Angelova
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Krumova
- Departament of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G, Bonchev Str. Bl.26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Insights into the Structures, Inhibitors, and Improvement Strategies of Glucose Oxidase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179841. [PMID: 36077243 PMCID: PMC9456440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase, which uses molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor to specifically catalyze the conversion of β-d-glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), has been considered an important enzyme in increasing environmental sustainability and food security. However, achieving the high yield, low price and high activity required for commercial viability remains challenging. In this review, we first present a brief introduction, looking at the sources, characteristics, catalytic process, and applications of glucose oxidase. Then, the predictive structures of glucose oxidase from two different sources are comparatively discussed. We summarize the inhibitors of glucose oxidase. Finally, we highlight how the production of glucose oxidase can be improved by optimizing the culture conditions and microbial metabolic engineering.
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Fernandes S, Belo I, Lopes M. Highly aerated cultures boost gluconic acid production by the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dubey MK, Zehra A, Aamir M, Meena M, Ahirwal L, Singh S, Shukla S, Upadhyay RS, Bueno-Mari R, Bajpai VK. Improvement Strategies, Cost Effective Production, and Potential Applications of Fungal Glucose Oxidase (GOD): Current Updates. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1032. [PMID: 28659876 PMCID: PMC5468390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal glucose oxidase (GOD) is widely employed in the different sectors of food industries for use in baking products, dry egg powder, beverages, and gluconic acid production. GOD also has several other novel applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, and other biotechnological industries. The electrochemical suitability of GOD catalyzed reactions has enabled its successful use in bioelectronic devices, particularly biofuel cells, and biosensors. Other crucial aspects of GOD such as improved feeding efficiency in response to GOD supplemental diet, roles in antimicrobial activities, and enhancing pathogen defense response, thereby providing induced resistance in plants have also been reported. Moreover, the medical science, another emerging branch where GOD was recently reported to induce several apoptosis characteristics as well as cellular senescence by downregulating Klotho gene expression. These widespread applications of GOD have led to increased demand for more extensive research to improve its production, characterization, and enhanced stability to enable long term usages. Currently, GOD is mainly produced and purified from Aspergillus niger and Penicillium species, but the yield is relatively low and the purification process is troublesome. It is practical to build an excellent GOD-producing strain. Therefore, the present review describes innovative methods of enhancing fungal GOD production by using genetic and non-genetic approaches in-depth along with purification techniques. The review also highlights current research progress in the cost effective production of GOD, including key advances, potential applications and limitations. Therefore, there is an extensive need to commercialize these processes by developing and optimizing novel strategies for cost effective GOD production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K. Dubey
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mohd Aamir
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Laxmi Ahirwal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Siddhartha Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Ram S. Upadhyay
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Ruben Bueno-Mari
- Research and Development (R+D) Department, Laboratorios LokímicaValencia, Spain
| | - Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
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Khan I, Qayyum S, Ahmed S, Niaz Z, Fatima N, Chi ZM. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a PVGOX gene encoding glucose oxidase in Penicillium viticola F1 strain and it's expression quantitation. Gene 2016; 592:291-302. [PMID: 27425865 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The PVGOX gene (accession number: KT452630) was isolated from genomic DNA of the marine fungi Penicillium viticola F1 by Genome Walking and their expression analysis was done by Fluorescent RT-PCR. An open reading frame of 1806bp encoding a 601 amino acid protein (isoelectric point: 5.01) with a calculated molecular weight of 65,535.4 was characterized. The deduced protein showed 75%, 71%, 69% and 64% identity to those deduced from the glucose oxidase (GOX) genes from different fungal strains including; Talaromyces variabilis, Beauveria bassiana, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus niger, respectively. The promoter of the gene (intronless) had two TATA boxes around the base pair number -88 and -94 and as well as a CAAT box at -100. However, the terminator of the PVGOX gene does not contain any polyadenylation site (AATAAA). The protein deduced from the PVGOX gene had a signal peptide containing 17 amino acids, three cysteine residues and six potential N-linked glycosylation sites, among them, -N-K-T-Y- at 41 amino acid, -N-R-S-L- at 113 amino acid, -N-G-T-I- at 192 amino acid, -N-T-T-A at 215 amino acid, -N-F-T-E at 373 amino acid and -N-V-T-A- at 408 amino acid were the most possible N-glycosylation sites. Furthermore, the relative transcription level of the PVGOX gene was also stimulated in the presence of 4% (w/v) of calcium carbonate and 0.5 % (v/v) of CSL in the production medium compared with that of the PVGOX gene when the fungal strain F1 was grown in the absence of calcium carbonate and CSL in the production medium, suggesting that under the optimal conditions, the expression of the PVGOX gene responsible for gluconic acid biosynthesis was enhanced, leading to increased gluconic acid production. Therefore, the highly glycosylated oxidase enzyme produced by P. viticola F1 strain might be a good producer in the fermentation process for the industrial level production of gluconic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrar Khan
- UNESCO Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, 21300 Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Qayyum
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, 21300 Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Shehzad Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, 21300 Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Niaz
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, 21300 Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zhen-Ming Chi
- UNESCO Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Kauldhar BS, Sooch BS. Tailoring nutritional and process variables for hyperproduction of catalase from a novel isolated bacterium Geobacillus sp. BSS-7. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:7. [PMID: 26762530 PMCID: PMC5377025 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) is one of the important industrial enzyme employed in diagnostic and analytical methods in the form of biomarkers and biosensors in addition to their enormous applications in textile, paper, food and pharmaceutical sectors. The present study demonstrates the utility of a newly isolated and adapted strain of genus Geobacillus possessing unique combination of several industrially important extremophilic properties for the hyper production of catalase. The bacterium can grow over a wide range of pH (3–12) and temperature (10–90 °C) with extraordinary capability to produce catalase. Results A novel extremophilic strain belonging to genus Geobacillus was exploited for the production of catalase by tailoring its nutritional requirements and process variables. One variable at a time traditional approach followed by computational designing was applied to customize the fermentation process. A simple fermentation media containing only three components namely sucrose (0.55 %, w/v), yeast extract (1.0 %, w/v) and BaCl2 (0.08 %, w/v) was designed for the hyperproduction of catalase. A controlled and optimum air supply caused a tremendous increase in the enzyme production on moving the bioprocess from the flask to bioreactor level. The present paper reports high quantum of catalase production (105,000 IU/mg of cells) in a short fermentation time of 12 h. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature that matches the performance of the developed protocol for the catalase production. This is the first serious study covering intracellular catalase production from thermophilic genus Geobacillus. Conclusions An increase in intracellular catalase production by 214.72 % was achieved in the optimized medium when transferred from the shake flask to the fermenter level. The extraordinary high production of catalase from Geobacillus sp. BSS-7 makes the isolated strain a prospective candidate for bulk catalase production on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljinder Singh Kauldhar
- Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
| | - Balwinder Singh Sooch
- Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
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Purification, cloning, expression, and biochemical characterization of a monofunctional catalase, KatP, from Pigmentiphaga sp. DL-8. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 108:54-61. [PMID: 25665507 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Catalases are essential components of the cellular equipment used to cope with oxidative stress. The monofunctional catalase KatP was purified from Pigmentiphaga sp. using ammonium sulfate precipitation (ASP), diethylaminoethyl ion exchange chromatography (IEC), and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). The purified catalase formed polymer with an estimated monomer molecular mass of 54kDa, which were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and zymogram analysis. KatP exhibited a specific catalytic activity of 73,000U/mg, which was higher than that of catalase-1 of Comamonas terrigena N3H (55,900U/mg). Seven short tryptic fragments of this catalase were obtained by electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS), and the gene, katP, was cloned by PCR amplification and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Based on the complete amino acid sequence, KatP was identified as a clade 3 monofunctional catalase. The specific activities of recombinant KatP for hydrogen peroxide (690,000U/mg) increased 9-fold over that of the parent strain. The Km and Vmax of recombinant KatP were 9.48mM and 81.2mol/minmg, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature for KatP were 7.0 and 37°C, respectively, and the enzyme displayed abroad pH-stable range of 4.0-11.0. The enzyme was inhibited by Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Cr(2+), and Mn(2+), whereas Fe(3+) and Mg(2+) stimulated KatP enzymatic activity. Interestingly, the catalase activity of recombinant KatP displayed high stability under different temperature and pH conditions, suggesting that KatP is a potential candidate for the production of catalase.
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Gu L, Zhang J, Du G, Chen J. Multivariate modular engineering of the protein secretory pathway for production of heterologous glucose oxidase in Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 68:33-42. [PMID: 25435503 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Limitations in protein production and secretion have been attributed to the inefficient folding rate of overexpressed proteins and the cellular response to the presence of overexpressed proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we improved the yield of glucose oxidase (GOD) by manipulating genes involved in protein folding machinery and abnormal folding stress responses. First, genes with folding and secretion functions were used to modulate the folding rate of GOD in the ER and its secretion level in the cytoplasm. Next, the potential benefits of the ERAD elements were determined. Cellular resistance to ER derived stress was then strengthened by overexpressing the stress response gene GCN4. Furthermore, a module combination strategy, which co-expressed the SEC53, CNE1 and GCN4 genes, was employed to construct the Pichia pastoris strain S17. This increased the yield of GOD to 21.81g/L, with an activity of 1972.9U/mL, which were 2.53- and 5.11-fold higher, respectively, than the control strain. The work described here improved GOD production significantly, and the strategies employed in this study provide novel information for the large-scale production of heterologous proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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9
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Tribst AAL, Cota J, Murakami MT, Cristianini M. Effects of high pressure homogenization on the activity, stability, kinetics and three-dimensional conformation of a glucose oxidase produced by Aspergillus niger. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103410. [PMID: 25061935 PMCID: PMC4111585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure homogenization (HPH) is a non-thermal method, which has been employed to change the activity and stability of biotechnologically relevant enzymes. This work investigated how HPH affects the structural and functional characteristics of a glucose oxidase (GO) from Aspergillus niger. The enzyme was homogenized at 75 and 150 MPa and the effects were evaluated with respect to the enzyme activity, stability, kinetic parameters and molecular structure. The enzyme showed a pH-dependent response to the HPH treatment, with reduction or maintenance of activity at pH 4.5–6.0 and a remarkable activity increase (30–300%) at pH 6.5 in all tested temperatures (15, 50 and 75°C). The enzyme thermal tolerance was reduced due to HPH treatment and the storage for 24 h at high temperatures (50 and 75°C) also caused a reduction of activity. Interestingly, at lower temperatures (15°C) the activity levels were slightly higher than that observed for native enzyme or at least maintained. These effects of HPH treatment on function and stability of GO were further investigated by spectroscopic methods. Both fluorescence and circular dichroism revealed conformational changes in the molecular structure of the enzyme that might be associated with the distinct functional and stability behavior of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alline Artigiani Lima Tribst
- Department of Food Technology (DTA), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Júnio Cota
- Department of Food Science (DCA), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE/CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Cristianini
- Department of Food Technology (DTA), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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11
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Tribst AAL, Cristianini M. Changes in commercial glucose oxidase activity by high pressure homogenization. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Zeng HW, Cai YJ, Liao XR, Zhang F, Li YL, Zeng XK, Zhang DB. Serratia marcescens SYBC08 catalase isolated from sludge containing hydrogen peroxide shows increased catalase production by regulation of carbon metabolism. Eng Life Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Renata B, Ewa N, Kamila Ż, Jan F. B, Krzysztof S, Kenneth P. R, Grażyna G, Jerzy R. Carbon Nanotubes Chemically Derivatized with Redox Systems as Mediators for Biofuel Cell Applications. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0208-5216(11)70023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Enzymatic electrodes nanostructured with functionalized carbon nanotubes for biofuel cell applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1651-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bodade RG, Khobragade CN, Arfeen S. Optimization of culture conditions for glucose oxidase production by aPenicillium chrysogenumSRT 19 strain. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Bankar SB, Bule MV, Singhal RS, Ananthanarayan L. Glucose oxidase--an overview. Biotechnol Adv 2009; 27:489-501. [PMID: 19374943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 681] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (beta-D-glucose:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase; EC 1.1.2.3.4) catalyzes the oxidation of beta-D-glucose to gluconic acid, by utilizing molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor with simultaneous production of hydrogen peroxide. Microbial glucose oxidase is currently receiving much attention due to its wide applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, beverage, clinical chemistry, biotechnology and other industries. Novel applications of glucose oxidase in biosensors have increased the demand in recent years. Present review discusses the production, recovery, characterization, immobilization and applications of glucose oxidase. Production of glucose oxidase by fermentation is detailed, along with recombinant methods. Various purification techniques for higher recovery of glucose oxidase are described here. Issues of enzyme kinetics, stability studies and characterization are addressed. Immobilized preparations of glucose oxidase are also discussed. Applications of glucose oxidase in various industries and as analytical enzymes are having an increasing impact on bioprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip B Bankar
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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Chidananda C, Kumar CM, Sattur AP. Strain improvement of Aspergillus niger for the enhanced production of asperenone. Indian J Microbiol 2008; 48:274-8. [PMID: 23100720 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-008-0026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhancement of production of asperenone (Fig. 1), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase and human platelet aggregation from Aspergillus niger CFTRI 1105, was achieved by UV and nitrous acid mutagenesis. Nitrous acid mutants exhibited increased inhibitor production when compared with UV irradiated mutants. I N 41 a first-generation nitrous acid mutant produced 5.1 fold increased asperenone over parent strain. Mutant II N 31 obtained by second-generation nitrous acid treatment produced 60.3 mg asperenone/g biomass, which was 131 fold increase when compared to first generated mutant I N 41 and 670 fold increase over the parent strain. This mutant was stable for several generations on production medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chidananda
- Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 013 India
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18
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Pankiewicz U, Jamroz J. Accumulation of selenium and catalase activity changes in the cells ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae on pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment. ANN MICROBIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03175323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Glucose oxidase: natural occurrence, function, properties and industrial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 78:927-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1407-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Bankar SB, Bule MV, Singhal RS, Ananthanarayan L. Optimization of Aspergillus niger Fermentation for the Production of Glucose Oxidase. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-007-0050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Simpson C, Jordaan J, Gardiner NS, Whiteley C. Isolation, purification and characterization of a novel glucose oxidase from Penicillium sp. CBS 120262 optimally active at neutral pH. Protein Expr Purif 2006; 51:260-6. [PMID: 17084642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel glucose oxidase (GOX), a flavoenzyme, from Penicillium sp. was isolated, purified and partially characterised. Maximum activities of 1.08U mg(-1)dry weight intracellular and 6.9U ml(-1) extracellular GOX were obtained. Isoelectric focussing revealed two isoenzymes present in both intra- and extracellular fractions, having pI's of 4.30 and 4.67. GOX from Penicillium sp. was shown to be dimeric with a molecular weight of 148kDa, consisting of two equal subunits with molecular weight of 70k Da. The enzyme displayed a temperature optimum between 25 and 30 degrees C, and an optimum pH range of 6-8 for the oxidation of beta-d-glucose. The enzyme was stable at 25 degrees C for a minimum of 10h, with a half-life of approximately 30 min at 37 degrees C without any prior stabilisation. The lyophilized enzyme was stable at -20 degrees C for a minimum of 6 months. GOX from Penicillium sp. Tt42 displayed the following kinetic characteristics: Vmax, 240.5U mg(-1); Km, 18.4mM; kcat, 741 s(-1) and kcat/Km, 40 s(-1)mM(-1). Stability at room temperature, good shelf-life without stabilisation and the neutral range for the pH optimum of this GOX contribute to its usefulness in current GOX-based biosensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simpson
- CSIR Biosciences, Modderfontein, Johannesburg 1645, South Africa.
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Ko HS, Fujiwara H, Yokoyama Y, Ohno N, Amachi S, Shinoyama H, Fujii T. Inducible production of alcohol oxidase and catalase in a pectin medium by Thermoascus aurantiacus IFO 31693. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 99:290-2. [PMID: 16233791 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.99.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2004] [Accepted: 11/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermoascus aurantiacus showed the best growth on medium containing pectin as a carbon source. The enzyme involved in the production of catalase in the fungus was alcohol oxidase. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase, in addition to alcohol oxidase and catalase, were detected in the cells grown on pectin. Alcohol oxidase was alkali resistant (pH 7 to 11), and was comparatively heat stable (55 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sun Ko
- Department of Bioresources Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo-city, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
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Ko HS, Yokoyama Y, Ohno N, Okadome M, Amachi S, Shinoyama H, Fujii T. Purification and characterization of intracellular and extracellular, thermostable and alkali-tolerant alcohol oxidases produced by a thermophilic fungus, Thermoascus aurantiacus NBRC 31693. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 99:348-53. [PMID: 16233800 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.99.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2004] [Accepted: 12/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular and extracellular alcohol oxidases (AO int and AO ext) were purified from the liquid and solid cultures of a thermophilic fungus, Thermoascus aurantiacus NBRC 31693, as electrophoretically and isoelectrophoretically homogeneous proteins, respectively. Both enzymes contained a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor and were stained with Schiff's reagent. The molecular weight of AO int was estimated to be about 320 kDa and its subunit was 75 kDa. The molecular weight of AO ext was about 560 kDa, and it was composed of two types of subunits (75 kDa and 59 kDa). The pIs of AO int and AO ext were 5.88 and 6.08, respectively. AO int and AO ext were stable up to 60 degrees C and 55 degrees C, respectively. The enzymes were stable over a wide range of pH from 6 to 11. AO int oxidized short straight-chain alcohols (K(m) for methanol, 13.5 mM and K(m) for ethanol, 15.8 mM). On the other hand, AO ext could oxidize secondary alcohols and aromatic alcohols (veratryl alcohol and benzyl alcohol) in addition to straight-chain alcohols (K(m) for methanol, 0.5 mM and K(m) for ethanol, 10.2 mM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sun Ko
- Department of Bioresources Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo-city, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
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Sandana Mala JG, Kamini NR, Puvanakrishnan R. Strain improvement of Aspergillus niger for enhanced lipase production. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2001; 47:181-186. [PMID: 12483617 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.47.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The enhancement of lipase production from Aspergillus niger was attempted by ultraviolet (UV) and nitrous acid mutagenesis, and the mutants were selected on media containing bile salts. Nitrous acid mutants exhibited increased efficiency for lipase production when compared with UV mutants in submerged fermentation. The hyperproducing UV and nitrous acid mutants were further subjected to a second step of mutagenesis to devise an economical and ecofriendly technique for lipase production by the effective use of hydrocarbons. One percent kerosene was found to be optimal for lipase production, and one of the mutant strains NAII exhibited 2.53 times more increased lipase activity than the parental strain did. This investigation indicates a possible role for the A. niger mutant strains in the biodegradation of oil-polluted environments for the development of ecofriendly technologies.
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