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Soloperto D, Gazzini S, Cerullo R. Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Pediatric Airways Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032195. [PMID: 36768522 PMCID: PMC9916405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tumors of the airways in the pediatric population are very rare entities. For this reason, little is known about the pathogenesis of these neoplasms. Understanding the biology has different practical implications: for example, it could help in the differential diagnosis, have a prognostic significance, or may lead to the development of a targeted therapy. The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge about pediatric airways tumors, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that cause the onset and progression of these neoplasms. After a brief introduction of epidemiology and clinical presentation, the tumorigenesis of the most frequent pediatric airways tumors will be described: Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP), Subglottic Hemangiona (SH), Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), and Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).
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2
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Mur T, Jaleel Z, Agarwal P, Edwards H, Levi JR. Paediatric laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and pooled analysis. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 46:494-500. [PMID: 33475248 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx is rare; however, recent data seem to support the notion that this pathology is increasing in incidence. Although this has been the case for several decades, treatment algorithms for this patient population remain identical to those of adults. METHODS The study consists of a systematic review and pooled analysis of oncologic outcomes in paediatric laryngeal SCC from a comprehensive literature search on OVID MEDLINE and EMBASE. RESULTS The average cohort age was 12.1 years. Nine (36%) had supraglottic primaries, and 16 (64%) had glottic primaries. Treatment included unimodal and combination therapy. No significant difference in survival was noted between surgically treated and non-surgically treated patients (5-year overall survival (OS): 68.2% vs 76.2%, P = .905), even when stratified for advanced-stage and supraglottic disease. CONCLUSIONS Paediatric patients with laryngeal HNSCC may have different presentations and responses to therapy than their adult counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Mur
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zaroug Jaleel
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pratima Agarwal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather Edwards
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica R Levi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Hellquist H, Hunt JL, Cardesa A, Skalova A, Slootweg PJ, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Role of ancillary techniques in profiling unclassified laryngeal malignancies. Virchows Arch 2018; 472:705-715. [PMID: 29623469 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal biopsies, contrary to biopsies from many other sites of the body, very often contain minute amounts of tumour tissue that may consist of morphologically undifferentiated tumour only. In haematoxylin- and eosin-stained sections, there may be no indicative features of what specific tumour entity that is present. In the larynx, particularly small round cell neoplasms, primary or metastatic, often cause a diagnostic dilemma and where an incorrect diagnosis can induce substantial clinical consequences for the patient (e.g., primary neuroendocrine carcinomas vs metastatic variants, certain sarcomas). If sufficient/representative material has been obtained, the application of immunohistochemistry and/or molecular techniques should in virtually every case reveal the true nature of the malignancy. In cases with sparse amount of material, and therefore a limited number of sections to be cut, a careful and thoughtful stepwise approach is necessary to ascertain a reliable diagnosis, or at least guide the clinician to the most likely diagnoses. With today's advanced and widely available technology with an abundance of markers to discriminate different tumours, the use of the term "undifferentiated" should be largely unnecessary. In the exceptional, and indeed exceedingly rare cases, when a classification is not possible, even after repeat biopsy, we suggest that the laryngeal neoplasm is better termed "unclassified malignant neoplasm" rather than "undifferentiated malignant neoplasm".
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hellquist
- CBMR, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Edificio 2, Ala Norte, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. .,Epigenetics and Human Disease Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. .,Algarve Biomedical Centre, Campus Gambelas, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
| | - J L Hunt
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - A Cardesa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Skalova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - P J Slootweg
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Rinaldo
- University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
| | - A Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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4
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Uloza V, Ulozaite N, Vaitkus S, Sarauskas V. Spontaneous regression of laryngeal carcinoma in 10 year old boy: A case report and review of literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 103:10-13. [PMID: 29224746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is a rare pathology in children, with only 92 cases reported. Spontaneous regression of laryngeal carcinoma is even more unique clinical event, so far only observed in adults. In this report we present an extraordinary case of a 10 year old patient with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma that underwent spontaneous regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilijus Uloza
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eiveniu 2, LT-5009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Nora Ulozaite
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eiveniu 2, LT-5009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Saulius Vaitkus
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eiveniu 2, LT-5009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Valdas Sarauskas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Eiveniu 2, LT-5009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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5
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D'Souza AM, Mark J, Demarcantonio M, Leino D, Sisson R, Geller JI. Pediatric laryngeal carcinoma in a heterozygous carrier of Fanconi anemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28139070 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A case of invasive, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in an 8-year-old female treated with laryngectomy is presented. Perinatal exposure to human papilloma virus and constitutional heterozygosity for a FANCC mutation were identified, though FANCC heterozygosity is not known to be cancer predisposing. An additional tumor-associated mutation in NOTCH1 was also identified potentially contributing to oncogenesis. This case illustrates an exceedingly rare type of cancer in the pediatric population and discusses diagnostic workup, evaluation of risk factors for head and neck cancer, and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M D'Souza
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J Mark
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - M Demarcantonio
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - D Leino
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R Sisson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J I Geller
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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6
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Bourin PF, Puech M, Woisard V. Pediatric Aspect of Dysphagia. Dysphagia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/174_2017_138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Varela P, Pio L, Brandigi E, Paraboschi I, Khen-Dunlop N, Hervieux E, Muller C, Mattioli G, Sarnacki S, Torre M. Tracheal and bronchial tumors. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:3781-3786. [PMID: 28149577 PMCID: PMC5227203 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.12.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although primary tracheobronchial tumors are extremely rare in children, recurrent respiratory symptoms resistant to conventional therapy require further investigations to exclude possible malignant obstructive causes. As the matter of fact, early diagnosis may allow minimally invasive surgeries, improving the standard of living and the globally survival rate. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of diagnosis and management of tracheobronchial tumors in the early age, since only few reports are reported in the worldwide literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Varela
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Clinica Las Condes Medical Center, Hospital de Niños Calvo Mackenna, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luca Pio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Brandigi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Clinic Pediatric Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Irene Paraboschi
- DINOGMI University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nazhia Khen-Dunlop
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Erik Hervieux
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Muller
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Girolamo Mattioli
- DINOGMI University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabine Sarnacki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Michele Torre
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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8
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Abstract
Primary tracheobronchial tumors are rare lesions that can be benign or malignant, with different location along the airway tree. Symptoms may include wheezing, chronic pneumonia, asthma, chest pain, recurrent cough, atelectasis, haemoptysis, and weight loss. Due to the heterogeneity of symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult and the airway involvement can lead progressively to a bronchial or tracheal obstruction. Due to the rarity of primary tracheobronchial tumors in children, there are not any oncological guidelines on pre-operative work-up, treatment, and follow-up. Only few reports and multicentric studies are reported. In most cases, surgical resection seems to be the treatment of choice. Brachytherapy, endoscopic treatment, and chemotherapy are rarely described. In this article we present an overview on these rare tumors, including pathological aspects, clinical presentation, imaging assessment, and endoscopic or open surgical treatments. We discuss different surgical approaches, according with tumor location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Varela
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Clinica Las Condes Medical Center, Hospital de Niños Calvo Mackenna, University of Chile, Camino el tucuquere 4080, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Luca Pio
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy; Airway Team and Pediatric Surgery Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Torre
- Airway Team and Pediatric Surgery Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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9
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Kaur J, Roy S, Mallick SR, Mathur S, Sharma A, Bhasker S, Mohanti BK. Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx in an 8-year-old child: successful management with chemo-radiation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1481-3. [PMID: 24453121 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Incidence of laryngeal squamous cell cancer (SCC) in childhood is rare, more so in children below 10 years of age. Due to the rarity of the disease and nonspecific symptoms diagnosis often gets delayed. Treatment is challenging and demands expert multi-modality care. We describe the clinico-pathologic findings and management of laryngeal cancer with chemo-radiation in an 8-year-old male. After 18 months of completion of treatment the child is in complete remission clinically and radiologically. This report aims at increasing awareness of head and neck SCC in paediatric population and also underscores the importance of multi-modality care in managing such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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10
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Pediatric laryngeal cancer with 5-year follow up: case report. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:1215-8. [PMID: 23673162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Larynx cancer is the commonest malignancy of upper aerodigestive tract. However, laryngeal cancer is extremely rare in childhood since these tumors are generally not suspected in the differential diagnosis of hoarseness, dysphagia and/or progressive airway obstruction in children; diagnosis can be made relatively late. In this report we would like to present a case of advanced stage pediatric laryngeal carcinoma who was treated with chemoradiotherapy and remained well on her 5-year follow-up.
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11
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Taylor OD, Ware RS, Weir KA. Speech Pathology Services to Children With Cancer and Nonmalignant Hematological Disorders. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2012; 29:98-108. [DOI: 10.1177/1043454212438963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with cancer and nonmalignant hematological disorders may require speech pathology (SP) support; however, limited evidence is available describing prevalence and severity of swallowing/feeding and communication impairments in this population. A retrospective chart review of 70 children referred to SP at the newly formed Queensland Children’s Cancer Centre was conducted to describe the prevalence and severity of swallowing/feeding and communication dysfunction, and the association between impairment, oncology and hematology diagnosis, and service utilization (time and occasions of service). Swallowing/feeding disorders were the most commonly observed impairments at initial assessment (58.6%). Children with central nervous system tumors ( P = .03) and nonmalignant hematological disorder ( P = .03) had significantly higher rates of feeding impairment than other oncology and hematology diagnostic groups. Children with central nervous system tumors had the highest rates of oral phase ( P = .01) and pharyngeal phase ( P = .01) dysphagia (swallowing disorder). No significant difference was found between diagnostic groups for intensity of SP service delivery. Prospective research is required to examine prevalence and severity of disorders, and service utilization in a more established clinic, and to investigate interactions between cancer treatment and swallowing/feeding and communication dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert S. Ware
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelly A. Weir
- Royal Children’s Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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12
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Pediatric Aspect of Dysphagia. Dysphagia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/174_2012_583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Kukwa W, Wojtowicz P, Jagielska B, Sobczyk G, Kukwa A, Czarnecka AM. Laryngeal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult - a case presentation in the eyes of geneticists and clinicians. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:166. [PMID: 21569414 PMCID: PMC3118944 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kukwa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Czerniakowski Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Stepinska 19/25, Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Svrakic M, Bent JP, Adler E. Neonatal nodular fasciitis of the larynx. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 73:1007-9. [PMID: 19423172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We want to describe a case of neonatal laryngeal nodular fasciitis. A 5-day-old female presented with stridor. Fiberoptic transnasal laryngoscopy identified a smooth ball-valving mass obstructing the glottis. Direct microlaryngoscopy demonstrated a lesion originating from the right laryngeal ventricle. Endoscopic therapeutic and diagnostic subtotal biopsies relieved the airway obstruction. Pathologic analysis established nodular fasciitis as the diagnosis. Follow-up endoscopy showed complete resolution of this reactive lesion, and normal laryngeal function. Nodular fasciitis, rarely described in children's head and neck region, has never been reported in the larynx of a neonate. This patient's successful outcome suggests that conservative resection may be both diagnostic and curative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Svrakic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue, Bronx, New York, USA.
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15
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Muenscher A, Feucht H, Kutta H, Tesche S, Wenzel S. Plattenepithelkarzinom des Larynx bei einem 12-jährigen Jungen. HNO 2009; 57:617-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00106-008-1817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Muenscher A, Feucht HH, Kutta H, Tesche S, Wenzel S. Integration of human papilloma virus type 26 in laryngeal cancer of a child. Auris Nasus Larynx 2008; 36:232-4. [PMID: 18621496 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2008.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in larynx is rare with children and adolescents. Usually larynx cancer is common with male smokers in the 7th decade. Among patients with no history of tobacco and/or alcohol consumption several factors have can play a role in the outbreak of laryngeal cancer: such as individual predisposition, radiation, gastroesophageal reflux, viral infection, dietary factors and environmental influences. In literature only few cases of laryngeal cancer with children are reported. Recent studies show that the most frequent laryngeal malignancy is the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Besides the recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) based on an infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) types 6 and 11 (low risk) and types 16 and 18 (high risk) is known for a possible malignant transformation towards a SCC. HPV type 26 is only reported as low risk type HPV associated with cervical cancer. Final diagnosis often takes a long time. Initial symptoms such as hoarseness, cough or shortness of breath are often referred to more typical pediatric diseases or laryngeal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muenscher
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Germany.
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Lucioni M, Marioni G, Della Libera D, Rizzotto G. Paediatric laryngeal malignant nerve sheath tumour. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007; 71:1917-20. [PMID: 17931709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Malignant nerve sheath tumours (MNSTs) are more frequently diagnosed in the extremities, the chest wall and the abdominal wall. Laryngeal MNST is an extremely rare occurrence, particularly in children. We treated a laryngeal recurrence of MNST in a 13-year-old boy with chemotherapy followed by horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy extended to left arytenoid and ipsilateral vocal fold and bilateral neck dissection. Four years later, hemithyroidectomy was performed for thyroid MNST recurrence. At present, 6 years after last intervention, the patient shows no evidence of recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lucioni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vittorio Veneto Hospital, Vittorio Veneto, Italy.
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18
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Schrock A, Jakob M, Zhou H, Bootz F. Laryngeal pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. Auris Nasus Larynx 2007; 34:553-6. [PMID: 17481838 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2006] [Revised: 01/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adult rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx is a rare disease. Two cases of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma of the pleomorphic subtype are presented. One case was treated with surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the other by surgery alone. At present 20 months after treatment the patients are without local reccurrence or metastases. The pathology of the tumor, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schrock
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Bonn, Germany.
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19
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Marioni G, Marchese-Ragona R, Cartei G, Marchese F, Staffieri A. Current opinion in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2006; 32:504-15. [PMID: 16920269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is the 11th commonest form of cancer in men world-wide, with 121,000 new cases in 1985. More than 95% of all laryngeal malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas. Treatment indications in cancer of the larynx are often controversial, since there are few comparative studies of different available therapeutic approaches. Surgery and radiotherapy are both widely used, and the choice between these two procedures is the most common therapeutic decision which has to be taken. Laryngeal function preservation has gained more and more weight in the last decades and chemotherapy is also a significant component of several curative approaches. In the last decades, several organ-preserving surgical techniques have become available and consequently total laryngectomy results less applied. Regardless of the treatment modality, Tis, T1, T2 laryngeal carcinomas have an 80-90% probability of cure, whereas for more advanced tumours this is approximately 60%. The most effective approach to laryngeal cancer remains prevention and early diagnosis when this cancer is curable with function preserving treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Marioni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padua, Italy.
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Dikbas O, Altundag K, Abali H, Turker A, Engin H, Sungur A, Baltali E. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005; 133:160-2. [PMID: 16025073 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2004.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Dikbas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Rinaldo A, Ferlito A, Healy GB. Cancer of the larynx in children and adolescents: a neoplastic lesion with a different etiology. Acta Otolaryngol 2004; 124:992-4. [PMID: 15513539 DOI: 10.1080/00016480410016865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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León X, Rinaldo A, Saffiotti U, Ferlito A. Laryngeal cancer in non-smoking and non-drinking patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2004; 124:664-9. [PMID: 15515487 DOI: 10.1080/00016480410017008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Acquired upper airway obstruction is a common cause of respiratory emergencies in children. Most pathologic processes that result in upper airway compromise are a consequence of infection, trauma or aspiration. Today, many of the infectious causes of upper airway obstruction have lost their threat as a result of the progress made in preventing and treating these infections. Prompt recognition and appropriate management of the child presenting with upper airway obstruction remains critical, because certain causes can progress rapidly from a mild to a potentially life-threatening disease state. A correct diagnosis can often be made by history and physical examination, but additional studies may be useful in selected cases. The child's clinical appearance is the most reliable indicator of severity, and measurable signs are of less value. If respiratory failure is imminent, airway protection and endoscopy for definitive diagnosis may have priority over any other therapeutic or diagnostic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Hammer
- Division of Paediatric Intensive Care and Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital Basel, Römergasse 8, 4005 Basel, Switzerland.
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Balauff A, Sira J, Pearman K, McKiernan P, Buckels J, Kelly D. Successful ribavirin therapy for life-threatening laryngeal papillomatosis post liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant 2001; 5:142-4. [PMID: 11328555 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3046.2001.005002142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A 3-yr-old girl developed severe progressive juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis (JLP) 2 yr after liver transplantation (Tx) for biliary atresia. The papillomata were resistant to withdrawal of immunosuppression, to laser surgery, and to subcutaneous interferon (3 MU/m2, three times weekly), necessitating tracheostomy. Oral ribavirin therapy (25 mg/kg/day) in combination with no immunosuppression effectively prevented the rapid recurrence of JLP over 5 yr. Hence, oral ribavirin is a potentially useful therapy in this life-threatening situation and may also be of benefit in other children with severe JLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balauff
- The Liver Unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
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