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Oros M, Barčák D, Miklisová D, Uhrovič D, Brázová T. A fish-parasite sentinel system in an assessment of the spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5164. [PMID: 36997612 PMCID: PMC10063543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the Zemplínska Šírava water reservoir and adjacent tributaries in the Bodrog River Basin were investigated using a fish-parasite sentinel system. PCB concentrations were detected in various fish matrices (dorsal and abdominal muscles, liver and intestine) of the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) and its intestinal cestode Glanitaenia osculata. PCB concentrations in the fish from the water reservoir, located closest to the chemical plant, the primary source of the PCB pollution, were the highest. The analysis of these contaminants in catfish matrices showed the highest concentrations in the abdominal muscle, followed by the dorsal muscle, liver and intestine. Concentrations of ∑PCBs exceeding the limits for food set by European regulations were measured in the muscle tissue of catfish at all sites, even in the Bodrog River, 60 km away from the primary source of contamination, posing a significant risk to humans in the Zemplín region. For the first time, the ability of cestode G. osculata to accumulate higher amounts of PCBs compared to fish matrices has been demonstrated. Due to the enormous ability of the parasites to accumulate PCBs, we recommend this approach for alternative biomonitoring of PCBs in contaminated aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikuláš Oros
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Barčák
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dana Miklisová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dalibor Uhrovič
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tímea Brázová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia.
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Iron nanoparticles to recover a co-contaminated soil with Cr and PCBs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3541. [PMID: 35241772 PMCID: PMC8894337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07558-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Little attention has been given to the development of remediation strategies for soils polluted with mixture of pollution (metal(loid)s and organic compounds). The present study evaluates the effectiveness of different types of commercial iron nanoparticles (nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI), bimetallic nZVI-Pd, and nano-magnetite (nFe3O4)), for the remediation of an industrial soil co-contaminated with Cr and PCBs. Soil samples were mixed with nZVI, nZVI-Pd, or nFe3O4 at doses selected according to their reactivity with PCBs, homogenized, saturated with water and incubated at controlled conditions for 15, 45 and 70 days. For each sampling time, PCBs and chromium were analyzed in aqueous and soil fractions. Cr(VI) and Cr leachability (TCLP test) were determined in the soil samples. The treatment with the three types of iron nanoparticles showed significant reduction in Cr concentration in aqueous extracts at the three sampling times (> 98%), compared to the control samples. The leachability of Cr in treated soil samples also decreased and was stable throughout the experiment. Results suggested that nZVI and nZVI-Pd immobilized Cr through adsorption of Cr(VI) on the shell and reduction to Cr(III). The mechanism of interaction of nFe3O4 and Cr(VI) included adsorption and reduction although its reducing character was lower than those of ZVI nanoparticles. PCBs significantly decreased in soil samples (up to 68%), after 15 days of treatment with the three types of nanoparticles. However, nFe3O4 evidenced reversible adsorption of PCBs after 45 days. In general, nZVI-Pd reduced PCB concentration in soil faster than nZVI. Control soils showed a similar reduction in PCBs concentration as those obtained with nZVI and nZVI-Pd after a longer time (45 days). This is likely due to natural bioremediation, although it was not effective for Cr remediation. Results suggest that the addition of nZVI or nZVI-Pd and pseudo-anaerobic conditions could be used for the recovery of soil co-contaminated with Cr and PCBs.
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Dong-Wei C, Yuan Z, Xiao-Yi D, Yu Z, Guo-Hui L, Xue-Song F. Progress in Pretreatment and Analytical Methods of Coumarins: An Update since 2012 - A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:503-526. [PMID: 32314593 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1750338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are widely used due to their wide range of biological activities, but the long-term or excessive use of coumarin flavors can pose serious health hazards. Therefore, sensitive and specific methods for the quantification of these compounds in different matrices have been developed. In this review, an updated overview of the latest trends in sample preparation techniques and methods used to detect coumarins from March 2012 to April 2019 is provided. This study reviews different analytical methods (such as liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, electrochemical sensors, capillary electrophoresis, etc.) and different pretreatment methods (such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, etc.). Different methods for the pretreatment and determination of coumarins in plant, food, environmental, pharmaceutical and biological samples are summarized, discussed and compared.HighlightsProgress in pretreatment and analytical methods of coumarins are summarized.Fundamentals, instrumentation and applications of purification and quantification are summarized and compared.Optimization of experimental conditions are discussed.Newly emerged eco-friendly methods are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Dong-Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Duan Xiao-Yi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Guo-Hui
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xue-Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Naqvi A, Qadir A, Mahmood A, Baqar M, Aslam I, Jamil N, Mumtaz M, Saeed S, Zhang G. Screening of human health risk to infants associated with the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in human milk from Punjab Province, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:6837-6850. [PMID: 31879876 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in human milk and its associated health risk to infants from rural and urban settings of five districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. The ∑34PCB concentrations ranged from 30.9 to 68.3 ng g-1 on lipid weight (l.w.) basis. The ∑8DL-PCB concentrations were ranged from 0.29 to 1.35 ng g-1 l.w., (mean 6.2 ± 8.7 ng g-1 l.w.), with toxicity equivalent to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) ranging from 8.58 × 10-6 to 0.05 ng TEQ g-1 l.w. The spatial trend of PCB levels in human milk revealed higher bioaccumulative levels for urban mothers as compared with rural counterparts. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values of DL-PCBs to infants through trans-mammary transfer were considerably higher than tolerable daily intake limits established by WHO (i.e., 1-4 pg TEQ kg-1 bw) and other globally recognized organizations. Similarly, the hazard quotient values for TEQ ∑8DL-PCBs (range 1.21 to 79.87) were far above the benchmark value of 1 at all the sampling sites, indicating the high levels of adverse health risks to infants in the region through breast milk consumption. The ∑34PCB levels were found to be negatively correlated with mother' age (r = -0.31; p = 0.02), parity (r = - 0.85; p = 0.001), and infant' birth weight (r = - 0.73; p = 0.01). The present study suggests undertaking comprehensive public health risk assessment studies and firm regulatory measures to safeguard human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anber Naqvi
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadir
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Adeel Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Science, Government College for Women University, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Baqar
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Iqra Aslam
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Jamil
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mehvish Mumtaz
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Salman Saeed
- Food and Biotechnology Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
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Wang X, Kou H, Wang J, Du T, Teng R, Du X, Lu X. Mesostructured cellular foam solid‐phase microextraction coating for the highly sensitive recognition of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2851-2857. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Haixia Kou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Ruiju Teng
- Lanzhou Industrial Research Institute Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xinzhen Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
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6
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Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Environmental Fate, Challenges and Bioremediation. MICROORGANISMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7462-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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7
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Afolabi HK, Mudalip SKA, Alara OR. Microwave-assisted extraction and characterization of fatty acid from eel fish (Monopterus albus). BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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8
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Ambrosio L, Russo R, Salzano AM, Serpe FP, Ariano A, Tommasi ND, Piaz FD, Severino L. Accumulation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Mussels: A Proteomic Study. J Food Prot 2018; 81:316-324. [PMID: 29369691 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental pollutants of industrial origin that can contaminate food, mainly food of animal origin. Although production of PCBs has been banned in many countries since the 1980s, they are still present in the environment and are considered dangerous pollutants for human health. In fact, they can bioaccumulate in living organisms such as marine organisms because of their chemical and physical properties. New analytical approaches are useful to monitor the presence of such contaminants in seafood products and in the environment. In this work, we evaluate changes in protein expression of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lam.) experimentally exposed to a PCB mixture and identify chemically specific protein expression signatures by using a proteomic approach. In particular, we identify 21 proteins whose levels of expression are sensibly modified after 3 weeks of exposure. The present work shows that a proteomic approach can be a useful tool to study alterations of protein expression in mussels exposed to PCBs and represents a first step toward the development of screening protocols to be used for biomonitoring surveys of fishery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Ambrosio
- 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Settore di Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via F. Delpino, 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-0724 [L.S.]).,2 Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy; and
| | - Rosario Russo
- 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Settore di Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via F. Delpino, 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-0724 [L.S.])
| | - Anna Maria Salzano
- 3 Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, CNR, Via Argine 1085, 80147, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Serpe
- 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Settore di Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via F. Delpino, 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-0724 [L.S.])
| | - Andrea Ariano
- 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Settore di Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via F. Delpino, 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-0724 [L.S.])
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- 2 Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy; and
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- 2 Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy; and
| | - Lorella Severino
- 1 Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Settore di Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via F. Delpino, 1, 80137, Napoli, Italy (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-0724 [L.S.])
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9
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Qiu C, Cochran J, Smuts J, Walsh P, Schug KA. Gas chromatography-vacuum ultraviolet detection for classification and speciation of polychlorinated biphenyls in industrial mixtures. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1490:191-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Degradation of PCBs in dry fermented sausages during drying/ripening. Food Chem 2016; 213:246-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Multi-residue analysis of 26 organochlorine pesticides in Alpinia oxyphylla by GC-ECD after solid phase extraction and acid cleanup. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:211-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Mumtaz M, Mehmood A, Qadir A, Mahmood A, Malik RN, Sabir AM, Li J, Zhang G. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in rice grains and straw; risk surveillance, congener specific analysis, distribution and source apportionment from selected districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 543:620-627. [PMID: 26613515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The current study presents health risk surveillance by investigating the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains and rice straw. Samples were collected from four districts (Okara, Sahiwal, Lahore and Sheikhpura) of Punjab Province, Pakistan for congener specific analysis of PCBs, and to observe the spatial distribution pattern and point sources. Level of Σ30 PCB (ng g(-1)) in rice grains and rice straw ranged from 4.31 to 29.68 and 6.11-25.35, respectively. Tetra-CBs were found predominant in rice straw (49%) and grains (38%) over other PCB homologs. No significant variation (P>0.005) was observed for most of the screened PCBs congeners except, PCB-66, -77, -60, -101, -74, -138, -153 and -105 in rice grains and PCB-66 in rice straw. Reported toxicity equivalency (TEQ) values for dioxin like PCBs in rice grains were found lower than the previously published reports from Asian countries, however higher TEQ values are reported for rice straw in this study. Health was found at risk of cancer among one in million by consumption of the study area food stuffs, though no considerable carcinogenic risks to human health was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehvish Mumtaz
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Andleeb Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadir
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Mahmood
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad PO: 45550, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environment Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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13
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Polak ML, Demšar L, Kirinčič S, Kozolc B, Polak T. Degradation of PCBs in liquid media: Effects of commercial meat starters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Gilbert JM, Baduel C, Li Y, Reichelt-Brushett AJ, Butcher PA, McGrath SP, Peddemors VM, Hearn L, Mueller J, Christidis L. Bioaccumulation of PCBs in liver tissue of dusky Carcharhinus obscurus, sandbar C. plumbeus and white Carcharodon carcharias sharks from south-eastern Australian waters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 101:908-13. [PMID: 26555794 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous pollutants in the marine environment that are known to accumulate in apex predators such as sharks. Liver samples from dusky Carcharhinus obscurus, sandbar Carcharhinus plumbeus, and white Carcharodon carcharias sharks from south-eastern Australian waters were analysed for the seven indicator PCBs 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180. Median ∑PCBs were significantly higher in white than sandbar sharks (3.35 and 0.36 μg g(-1) lipid, respectively, p=0.05) but there were no significant differences between dusky sharks (1.31 μg g(-1) lipid) and the other two species. Congener concentrations were also significantly higher in white sharks. Significant differences in PCB concentrations between mature and immature dusky (3.78 and 0.76 μg g(-1) lipid, respectively) and sandbar (1.94 and 0.18 μg g(-1) lipid, respectively) sharks indicated that PCB concentrations in these species increased with age/growth. Higher-chlorinated congeners (hexa and heptachlorobiphenyls) dominated results, accounting for ~90% of ∑PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann M Gilbert
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia.
| | - Christine Baduel
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yan Li
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda J Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales 2480, Australia
| | - Paul A Butcher
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia; Fisheries NSW, NSW Department of Industry, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia
| | - Shane P McGrath
- Fisheries NSW, NSW Department of Industry, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia
| | - Victor M Peddemors
- Fisheries NSW, NSW Department of Industry, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Laurence Hearn
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Mueller
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Les Christidis
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia
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Simultaneous separation of chlorinated/brominated dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their methoxylated derivatives from hydroxylated analogues on molecularly imprinted polymers prior to gas/liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Talanta 2015; 144:171-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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He Z, Wang L, Peng Y, Luo M, Wang W, Liu X. Determination of selected polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and earthworm (Eisenia fetida
) using a QuEChERS-based method and gas chromatography with tandem MS. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3766-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeying He
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute; Ministry of Agriculture; Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute; Ministry of Agriculture; Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Yi Peng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute; Ministry of Agriculture; Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Ming Luo
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute; Ministry of Agriculture; Tianjin P.R. China
| | | | - Xiaowei Liu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute; Ministry of Agriculture; Tianjin P.R. China
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17
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Roszko M, Obiedziński MW, Szymczyk K, Olkowski M. Non-dioxin-like and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in butter sampled from the Polish retail market. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2014; 3:126-34. [PMID: 24785503 DOI: 10.1080/19440041003657352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in butter available on the Polish retail market. A gas chromatography-based method was developed for the purpose of this study. An ion-trap mass spectrometer was used as a detection system with high-resolution chromatography. Recoveries of individual PCBs from spiked samples varied from 58% to 105% with a recovery relative standard deviation in the range 3-16%. Levels of eight non-dioxin-like and twelve dioxin-like congeners were determined. Toxic equivalent factors (TEQs) were calculated using World Health Organization (WHO) TEQs. The average concentration of the sum of six PCBs (28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) was found to be 1561±728 pg g(-1) (fat) and the upper-bound concentrations of dioxin-like congeners were (1 standard deviation uncertainty) 0.441±0.384 pg PCB-TEQ g(-1) (fat).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roszko
- a Department of Food Analysis , Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology , Rakowiecka 36 , PL-02-532 Warsaw , Poland
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18
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Chitosan-poly(m-phenylenediamine)@Fe3O4 nanocomposite for magnetic solid-phase extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls from water samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7571-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Piao C, Chen L, Wang Y. A review of the extraction and chromatographic determination methods for the analysis of parabens. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Novel carbamoyl type quinine and quinidine based chiral anion exchangers implementing alkyne–azide cycloaddition immobilization chemistry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1337:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Roszko M, Jędrzejczak R, Szymczyk K. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides in selected cereals available on the Polish retail market. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 466-467:136-151. [PMID: 23906852 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (DDT, HCH, HCB, chlordane, endrin, dieldrin, aldrin, nitrophene, metoxychlor) are man-made chemicals manufactured for numerous applications. The aim of this study was to assess levels of PCBs, PBDEs, and organochlorine pesticides in selected types of cereals available on the Polish retail market. 191 samples of various cereals have been analyzed in total. Average EC6 concentrations ranged from 56.4 (snacks) to 442.2 pg g(-1) (bran) while the concentration of 12 dioxin-like PCBs was in 15 (groats)-37.6 pg g(-1) (snacks) range. Mean dioxin equivalency concentration calculated as lower bound results in 2005 TEF values amounted to 0.120 ± 0.445 pg TEQ g(-1), while 0.091 ± 0.338 pg TEQ g(-1) if 1998 TEF values were used. Average concentration of all 14 studied BDEs (∑14 BDE) was 112 ± 80 pg g(-1), while average concentration of 13 BDEs excluding BDE #209 was only 15 ± 6 pg g(-1). Pesticide concentrations observed in the analyzed samples were generally low in comparison to maximum residue levels (MRLs) actually permitted by the European Union. However, MRLs were exceeded in 7 out of all 191 analyzed samples. Total concentration of DDT isomers in one of the tested bran samples was as high as 0.053 mg kg(-1). DMDT concentrations slightly above MRL = 0.01 mg kg(-1)were observed in 6 other samples (2 × bran, 1 × children porridge, 2 × snacks and 1 × bread). This study has shown that levels of PCBs, PBDEs and organochlorine pesticides in cereal products available on the Polish market are generally low. However, elevated levels of individual pollutants were observed in several instances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Roszko
- Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
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22
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Roszko M, Szymczyk K, Jędrzejczak R. Separation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans, non-ortho/mono/di/tri/tetra-ortho-polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers groups of compounds prior to their determination with large volume injection gas chromatography—Quadrupole ion storage tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 799:88-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rapid flow injection electrochemical detection of 3,3′,4,4′ tetrachlorobiphenyl using stabilized lipid membranes with incorporated sheep antibody. OPEN CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn electrochemical biosensor based on a supported polymerized lipid film with incorporated sheep anti-3,3′,4,4′ tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB congener 77) antibody using flow injection analysis was developed. The polymerized lipid film contained 85% (w/w) dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 15% (w/w) dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid (DPPA), methacrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, AIBN and sheep anti-congener 77 antiserum. Congener 77 was injected into flowing carrier electrolyte and the flow stopped to detect the antigen. These membranes gave only a single transient proportional to log [congener 77] from 10−8 to 10−5 M, with a detection limit of ca. 10−8 M. A membrane containing 35% (w/w) DPPA was used to examine regeneration. The maximum number of cycles was about 5.
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Roszko M, Obiedziński M, Szymczyk K, Rzepkowska M, Szterk A, Jędrzejczak R. Seasonal and geographical variations in levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in Polish butter fat used as an indicator of environmental contamination. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:181-201. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.721012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Application of semi-permeable membrane dialysis/ion trap mass spectrometry technique to determine polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in milk fat. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 748:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Organohalogen contaminants of emerging concern in Great Lakes fish: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:2639-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Andrade AS, Sacheto D, Hoff RB, Pizzolato TM. Evaluation of lipid removal from animal fats for the determination of organochlorine, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyl indicators by gas chromatography with electron capture detector. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2233-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana S. Andrade
- Laboratory of Pesticides and Veterinary Residues - Ministry of Agriculture; Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil; Brazil
| | - Doriane Sacheto
- Laboratory of Pesticides and Veterinary Residues - Ministry of Agriculture; Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil; Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B. Hoff
- Laboratory of Pesticides and Veterinary Residues - Ministry of Agriculture; Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil; Brazil
| | - Tania M. Pizzolato
- Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre/RS Brazil
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Agarwal B, Jürschik S, Sulzer P, Petersson F, Jaksch S, Jordan A, Märk TD. Detection of isocyanates and polychlorinated biphenyls using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:983-989. [PMID: 22396036 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isocyanates are highly reactive species widely used in industry. They can cause irritation of the eyes, trigger asthma, etc. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were widely used in electrical equipments like capacitors and transformers in the last century and are still present in the environment today. PCBs are known to cause cancer and to affect the immune, reproductive, nervous and endocrine systems. Therefore, there is a need for a simple, rapid and reliable analytical method for the detection of traces of isocyanates and of PCBs. METHODS The data presented in this paper were obtained using a proton transfer reaction (PTR) time-of-flight mass spectrometer and a high sensitivity PTR quadrupole mass spectrometer. We also utilized a recently developed direct aqueous injection (DAI) inlet system for proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) instruments that allows the analysis of trace compounds in liquids. RESULTS We detected four isocyanates in the headspace above small sample quantities and investigated their fragmentation pathways to obtain a fundamental understanding of the processes involved in proton transfer reactions and also to determine the best operating conditions of the PTR-MS instruments. In addition, nine PCBs were unambiguously identified via their exact mass and isotopic distribution and detected in different concentration levels via direct injection of the liquid. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing recent developments and improvements in PTR-MS, we can rapidly detect two important environmental pollutant compound classes (isocyanates and PCBs) at high accuracy and without any sample preparation. In this paper, we provide proof of the detection of traces of isocyanates and PCBs in air and also of PCBs in liquids. These results could be used for the development of a real-time monitoring device for industrial waste, polluted air or water quality surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Agarwal
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Chobtang J, de Boer IJM, Hoogenboom RLAP, Haasnoot W, Kijlstra A, Meerburg BG. The need and potential of biosensors to detect dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls along the milk, eggs and meat food chain. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2011; 11:11692-716. [PMID: 22247688 PMCID: PMC3252005 DOI: 10.3390/s111211692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) are hazardous toxic, ubiquitous and persistent chemical compounds, which can enter the food chain and accumulate up to higher trophic levels. Their determination requires sophisticated methods, expensive facilities and instruments, well-trained personnel and expensive chemical reagents. Ideally, real-time monitoring using rapid detection methods should be applied to detect possible contamination along the food chain in order to prevent human exposure. Sensor technology may be promising in this respect. This review gives the state of the art for detecting possible contamination with dioxins and DL-PCBs along the food chain of animal-source foods. The main detection methods applied (i.e., high resolution gas-chromatography combined with high resolution mass-spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) and the chemical activated luciferase gene expression method (CALUX bioassay)), each have their limitations. Biosensors for detecting dioxins and related compounds, although still under development, show potential to overcome these limitations. Immunosensors and biomimetic-based biosensors potentially offer increased selectivity and sensitivity for dioxin and DL-PCB detection, while whole cell-based biosensors present interpretable biological results. The main shortcoming of current biosensors, however, is their detection level: this may be insufficient as limits for dioxins and DL-PCBs for food and feedstuffs are in pg per gram level. In addition, these contaminants are normally present in fat, a difficult matrix for biosensor detection. Therefore, simple and efficient extraction and clean-up procedures are required which may enable biosensors to detect dioxins and DL-PCBs contamination along the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeerasak Chobtang
- Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (J.C.); (I.J.M.B.)
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands; E-Mail: (A.K.)
| | - Imke J. M. de Boer
- Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (J.C.); (I.J.M.B.)
| | - Ron L. A. P. Hoogenboom
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (R.L.A.P.H.); (W.H.)
| | - Willem Haasnoot
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (R.L.A.P.H.); (W.H.)
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands; E-Mail: (A.K.)
- Eye Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan G. Meerburg
- Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands; E-Mail: (A.K.)
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Papadopoulos VD, Beligiannis GN, Hela DG. Combining experimental design and artificial neural networks for the determination of chlorinated compounds in fish using matrix solid-phase dispersion. Appl Soft Comput 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2011.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Liu L, Cheng J, Matsadiq G, Li JK. Novel polymer monolith microextraction using a poly-(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith and its application to the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 83:1307-1312. [PMID: 21514621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel and simple method based on polymer monolith microextraction (PMME) coupled to gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD) was developed for the determination of six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in water samples. The proposed method used poly-(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) (MMA-co-EDMA) monolith as extraction media. Several factors affecting experiments such as sample flow rate, sample volume, the type of eluent, eluent volume, eluent flow rate, effect of salt addition and carry over effect were investigated and optimized systematically. The limits of detection (LODs) for six PCBs were 0.028-0.043 ng mL(-1) in water samples. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (R.S.D.) were less than 9.2% and 9.6%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of six PCBs in tap water, lake water and industrial waste water and the trueness has been evaluated by recovery experiments. The obtained relative recoveries were in the range of 63.3-105.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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32
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Cajka T, Hajslova J. Halogenated persistent organic pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in food. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 747:373-410. [PMID: 21643916 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-136-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
During recent years, mass spectrometry (MS) and hyphenated chromatographic instrumentation and techniques have been a subject of dramatic developments, resulting in the introduction of various useful tools for the analysis of halogenated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food and environmental matrices. This chapter describes state-of-the-art in the field of MS as a primary detection tool for the halogenated POPs and PAHs previously separated using either gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC). Since sample preparation practice plays a crucial role for obtaining optimal performance characteristics of a particular analytical method, a brief overview of sample extraction and clean-up procedures in the POPs/PAHs analysis is also briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Cajka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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33
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Reiner EJ. The analysis of dioxins and related compounds. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:526-559. [PMID: 19672939 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other related compounds requires complex sample preparation and analytical procedures using highly sensitive and selective state-of-the-art instrumentation to meet very stringent data quality objectives. The analytical procedures (extraction, sample preparation), instrumentation (chromatographic separation and detection by mass spectrometry) and screening techniques for the determination of dioxins, furans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds with a focus on new approaches and alternate techniques to standard regulatory methods are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Reiner
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9P 3V6.
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34
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Hu J, Li Y, Zhang W, Wang H, Huang C, Zhang M, Wang X. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-electron capture detection for determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2103-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Xu S, Yang S, Sun C. A novel fluorinated polyaniline-based solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography for quantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 646:78-84. [PMID: 19523558 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel polyaniline (PANI) electrodeposited in the presence of fluorinated organic acid was applied as a new conductive polymer-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber candidate. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were selected as representative compounds. Improved temperature resistance (<500 degrees C) and satisfactory extraction efficiency were obtained by introduction of fluorinated organic acid. Extraction efficiency of novel PANI for PCBs was superior to common PANI (synthesized in sulfuric acid) and polythiophene, and comparable to commercial 30 microm PDMS but with thinner stationary, i.e. 10 microm. Quantitative determination of trace PCBs in water samples was carried out using this novel SPME fiber, coupling with selective gas chromatography-microelectron capture detector (GC-microECD). The proposed method provided a linear range of approximately three orders. The detection limits were 0.05 ng L(-1) for PCB 138, 153 and 180, and 0.1 ng L(-1) for PCB 28, 52 and 101, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of spiked surface water samples with the recoveries from 83.0 to 110.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Hu J, Fu L, Zhao X, Liu X, Wang H, Wang X, Dai L. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography–electron capture detection for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soils. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 640:100-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Beyer A, Biziuk M. Methods for determining pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in food samples--problems and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2009; 48:888-904. [PMID: 18949592 DOI: 10.1080/10408390701761878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of residual amounts of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in food samples requires the use of specific techniques regarding sample preparation as well as instrumental analysis which should be characterized by a very low detection limit. A problem associated with the use of pesticides and PCBs is the need for controlling their residues in the environment, particularly in food, as these chemicals show a propensity to accumulate. The analysis of food samples for the presence of pesticides and PCBs brings on many difficulties because of the specificity of sample preparation consisting of multistep purification procedures of samples that contain trace amounts of an analyte. Concentration determinations of pollutants that easily dissolve in complex matrices, particularly in the presence of a large apportionment of interfering substances, pose a big challenge. Therefore, the basic step in food analysis for the presence of pesticides and PCBs is sample preparation which mainly consists of analyte enrichment and the removal of interfering substances. But all steps of the analytical procedure that include sample collection and preparation, extraction of analytes from matrix, extract purification, and final determination, are very significant; their precision and correct application have a decisive effect on the final result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Beyer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk.
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38
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Beyer A, Biziuk M. Applications of sample preparation techniques in the analysis of pesticides and PCBs in food. Food Chem 2008; 108:669-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 11/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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García-Rodríguez D, Carro-Díaz AM, Lorenzo-Ferreira RA. Supercritical fluid extraction of polyhalogenated pollutants from aquaculture and marine environmental samples: A review. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1333-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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Wang D, Miao X, Li QX. Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in coral (Porites evermanni) samples using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2008; 54:211-8. [PMID: 17721673 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-007-9016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry method was developed for analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in coral samples, which were extracted with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and cleaned up on a sulfuric acid-modified silica gel column. The optimal ASE conditions were found to be 100 degrees C and 2000 psi, with a mixture of acetone and methylene chloride (1:1, v/v). The target analytes include hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs, specifically, alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-HCH isomers), heptachlor, and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), o,p'-, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (o,p'-, p,p'-DDT), o,p'-, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (o,p'-, p,p'-DDE), and o,p'-, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (o,p'-, p,p'-DDD). Standard sand samples were used as an alternative matrix spiked with OCP standards to determine the method precision and accuracy. Average recoveries of OCPs ranged from 82% to 102%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 3%-6%, at a level of 10 ng/g and from 50% to 68%, with RSDs of 13%-19% at a level of 2 ng/g. The developed method was applied for analysis of OCPs in coral samples collected from Tern Island and Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. The concentrations of HCB were 7-26 pg/g dry weight in the samples from Bikini Atoll and 3-45 pg/g in those from Tern Island, and heptachlor concentrations were 208-2200 and 44-104 pg/g in the coral samples from Bikini Atoll and Tern Island, respectively. (summation operator)HCH (sum of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-HCH) were 8-82 pg/g in Bikini Atoll coral and 86-629 pg/g in Tern island coral, and (summation operator)DDT (sum of o,p'-, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'- p,p'-DDT) were 80-212 pg/g in Bikini Atoll coral and 593-3165 pg/g in Tern Island coral. The results suggest that coral is a viable indicator species for pollution monitoring, which pollutants and their concentrations may be related to dated carbonate layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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CHAI M, TAN G, LAL A. Optimization of Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables and Fruits. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:273-6. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meekin CHAI
- Department of Science and Mathematics, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga
| | - Guanhuat TAN
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya
| | - Asha LAL
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya
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Chapter 7 New Approaches in Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(08)00007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides in Pine Needles. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2007; 58:461-9. [DOI: 10.2478/v10004-007-0039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides in Pine NeedlesThis paper presents a review of methods for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in pine needles. These compounds are lipophilic, they accumulate in the biotic and abiotic part of the environment in which they are persistent, and their use is forbidden or restricted due to harmful effects on human and animal health. Pine needles are convenient for monitoring the levels of organochlorine compounds in the air because they accumulate them in wax with which they are covered. However, the presence of many other compounds makes them complex for analysis. Analytical methods for determining organochlorine compounds in pine needles include sample collection, extraction of compounds with a suitable solvent, extract clean-up from unwanted compounds and qualitative and quantitative analysis. PCBs and OCPs are present in pine needles in traces, and every part of the analytical procedure has to be as efficient and selective as possible.
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García I, Ignacio M, Mouteira A, Cobas J, Carro N. Assisted solvent extraction and ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in mussels. Comparison with other extraction techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 390:729-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Liu H, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Cai Z, Jiang G. Occurrence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls pollution in sediments from the Haihe River and Dagu Drainage River in Tianjin City, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 68:1772-8. [PMID: 17509656 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The pollution status of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the sediments of Haihe River, which is the most polluted among the seven largest basins in China, Dagu Drainage River flowing through a chemical industry zone, and two other rivers flowing into Bohai Sea in Tianjin City, China were investigated. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the sediments from the mainstream of Haihe River were 1.3-26pgI-TEQg(-1) dry weight (dw) and 0.07-0.54pgTEQg(-1)dw, respectively. Heavy PCDD/Fs and PCBs pollution, with 1264pgI-TEQg(-1)dw and 21pgTEQg(-1)dw, was found in sediment from Dagu Drainage River. The congener profiles of PCDD/Fs indicated that the principal contamination source was the production of pentachlorophenol (PCP) or PCP-Na in this area. The correlation between PCDD/Fs or PCBs and total organic matter (TOM) showed that PCDD/Fs or PCBs were independent on TOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Centi S, Silva E, Laschi S, Palchetti I, Mascini M. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) detection in milk samples by an electrochemical magneto-immunosensor (EMI) coupled to solid-phase extraction (SPE) and disposable low-density arrays. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 594:9-16. [PMID: 17560379 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensor for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) detection based on graphite screen-printed low-density arrays and on magnetic beads is reported. The immunological reaction for the detection of PCBs is based on a direct competitive assay using alkaline phosphatase (AP) as enzymatic label. After the immunochemical recognition, the modified magnetic beads are captured by a magnet on the surface of the graphite working electrode. The electrochemical detection is thus achieved through the addition of the AP substrate (alpha-naphthyl-phosphate). Two different antibodies (sIgG anti-PCB28 and rIgG anti-PCB77) were tested and compared in terms of sensitivity and ability to recognise different congeners. The developed electrochemical magneto-immunosensor (EMI) was successfully combined with solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the analysis of PCBs in milk samples. In spiked samples a recovery of 80% was obtained. The proposed strategy offers great promise for rapid, simple, cost-effective, and on-site analysis of clinical, food and environmental samples, considering also that low-density arrays allow the simultaneous analysis of different processed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Centi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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Silva E, Mascini M, Centi S, Turner APF. Detection of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Milk using a Disposable Immunomagnetic Electrochemical Sensor. ANAL LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710701327054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fidalgo-Used N, Blanco-González E, Sanz-Medel A. Sample handling strategies for the determination of persistent trace organic contaminants from biota samples. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 590:1-16. [PMID: 17416217 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Even after emergence of most advanced instrumental techniques for the final separation, detection, identification and determination of analytes, sample handling continues to play a basic role in environmental analysis of complex matrices. In fact, sample preparation steps are often the bottleneck for combined time and efficiency in many overall analytical procedures. Thus, it is not surprising that, in the last two decades, a lot of effort has been devoted to the development of faster, safer, and more environment friendly techniques for sample extraction and extract clean up, prior to actual instrumental analysis. This article focuses on the state of the art in sample preparation of environmental solid biological samples dedicated to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) analysis. Extraction techniques such as Soxhlet extraction, sonication-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) are reviewed and their most recent applications to the determination of POPs in biota samples are provided. Additionally, classical as well as promising novel extraction/clean-up techniques such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) are also summarized. Finally, emerging trends in sample preparation able to integrate analytes extraction and their adequate clean-up are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fidalgo-Used
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng He
- a Advanced Separation Technologies, Inc. , Whippany, New Jersey, USA
| | - Thomas E. Beesley
- a Advanced Separation Technologies, Inc. , Whippany, New Jersey, USA
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Reiner EJ, Clement RE, Okey AB, Marvin CH. Advances in analytical techniques for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dioxin-like PCBs. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 386:791-806. [PMID: 16794816 PMCID: PMC1764597 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Revised: 04/04/2006] [Accepted: 04/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Analytical techniques for the determination of polychorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and dioxin-like PCBs (DLPCB) are reviewed. The focus of the review is on recent advances in methodology and analytical procedures. The paper also reviews toxicology, the development of toxic equivalent factors (TEF) and the determination of toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) values. Sources, occurrence and temporal trends of PCDD/PCDF are summarized to provide examples of levels and concentration ranges for the methods and techniques reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Reiner
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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