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Puzio CE, Rudloff E, Pigott AM. Delay of definitive care in cats and dogs with gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction following antiemetic administration: 537 cases (2012-2020). J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2023; 33:442-446. [PMID: 37436922 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether administration of antiemetic medication to dogs and cats with gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction (GIFBO) delays time to definitive care (surgery or endoscopy) and increases the risk of complications. DESIGN Retrospective study (January 2012-July 2020). SETTING Private referral center. ANIMALS Five hundred and thirty-seven (440 dogs and 97 cats). INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Medical records of dogs and cats with GIFBO were reviewed for antiemetic administration at the onset of clinical signs, time from onset of clinical signs to first intervention and definitive care, GIFBO-related complications, and length of hospitalization. Antiemetics were prescribed for 200 of 537 patients (158 dogs, 42 cats). Antiemetic administration was associated with an increased time between the onset of clinical signs and definitive care (3.2 days [95% confidence interval, CI, 2.8-3.5] vs. 1.6 days [95% CI, 1.4-2.0]; P < 0.001) but not with GIFBO-associated complications (P = 0.45). Antiemetic administration was associated with an increased length of hospitalization (1.6 days [95% CI, 1.4-1.7] vs. 1.1 days [95% CI, 1.1-1.2]; P < 0.001). A longer duration of clinical signs prior to intervention was associated with GIFBO-related complications (P < 0.001) regardless of antiemetic administration. CONCLUSIONS Antiemetic administration in patients with GIFBO was associated with increased time to definitive care and length of hospitalization but not GIFBO-associated complications. Antiemetics are not inherently contraindicated in patients for whom GIFBO is a differential, but clients should be counseled to monitor for progression of clinical signs and follow-up accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Puzio
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Glendale, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Elke Rudloff
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Glendale, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Armi M Pigott
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Glendale, Wisconsin, USA
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2
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Schoelkopf AC, Stewart SD, Casale SA, Fryer KJ. Associations of abdominal discomfort and length of clinical signs with surgical procedure in 181 cases of canine small intestinal foreign body obstruction. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:670-678. [PMID: 36632768 PMCID: PMC10029870 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal foreign bodies are a common indication for abdominal exploratory surgery. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of pre-operative abdominal discomfort and duration of clinical signs with surgical resolution of canine small intestinal foreign body obstructions (SIFBO). METHODS We performed a retrospective study of 181 canine abdominal exploratory surgeries for confirmed SIFBO at two referral hospitals. Animals were categorized into five surgical groups (gastrotomy after manipulation into the stomach, enterotomy, resection-and-anastomosis [R&A], manipulated into colon, already in colon) and further grouped by whether entry into the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was required. RESULTS Abdominal discomfort was noted in 107/181 cases (59.1%), but no significant differences in abdominal discomfort rates were present among the surgical groups or between GIT entry and no entry groups. Clinical sign duration was associated with surgical procedure; median durations were R&A = 3 days (range, 1-9), enterotomy = 2 days (range, 1-14), gastrotomy = 2 days (range, 1-6), already in colon = 1.5 days (range, 1-2), and manipulated into colon = 1 day (range, 1-7). In a pairwise comparison, differences in the duration of clinical signs were found for obstructions manipulated into the colon versus R&A, gastrotomy versus R&A, and in colon versus R&A. When patients were grouped according to GIT entry, cases with entry had a longer duration of clinical signs (median = 2 days [range, 1-14] versus 1 day [range, 1-7], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Abdominal discomfort was not associated with surgical complexity; however, the duration of clinical signs was associated with surgical complexity, with longer duration being associated with entry into the GIT and R&A. Despite statistical significance, the maximum difference of 2 days between surgical groups is unlikely to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel D Stewart
- Ethos Veterinary Health, Woburn, Massachusetts, USA
- Ethos Discovery, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sue A Casale
- Surgery Department, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katy J Fryer
- Ethos Veterinary Health, Woburn, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Barash NR, Lashnits E, Kern ZT, Tolbert MK, Lunn KF. Outcomes of esophageal and gastric bone foreign bodies in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:500-507. [PMID: 35156732 PMCID: PMC8965252 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objectives Animals Methods Results Conclusions and Clinical Importance
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanelle R. Barash
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Erin Lashnits
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Zachary T. Kern
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Mary Katherine Tolbert
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Katharine F. Lunn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
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Carey Beer AJ, Hernon T, Halfacree Z, Mullins RA, Moores A, de la Puerta B, Timmermans J, Shales C, Goh D, Best E, Bristow P. Complications associated with and outcome of surgical intervention for treatment of esophageal foreign bodies in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 260:622-627. [PMID: 34986116 DOI: 10.2460/javma.21.01.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify complications associated with and short- and long-term outcomes of surgical intervention for treatment of esophageal foreign bodies (EFBs) in dogs. ANIMALS 63 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Patient records from 9 veterinary hospitals were reviewed to identify dogs that underwent surgery for removal of an EFB or treatment or an associated esophageal perforation between 2007 and 2019. Long-term follow-up data were obtained via a client questionnaire. RESULTS 54 of the 63 (85.7%) dogs underwent surgery after an unsuccessful minimally invasive procedure or subsequent evidence of esophageal perforation was identified. Esophageal perforation was present at the time of surgery in 42 (66.7%) dogs. Most dogs underwent a left intercostal thoracotomy (37/63 [58.7%]). Intraoperative complications occurred in 18 (28.6%) dogs, and 28 (50%) dogs had a postoperative complication. Postoperative complications were minor in 14 of the 28 (50%) dogs. Dehiscence of the esophagotomy occurred in 3 dogs. Forty-seven (74.6%) dogs survived to discharge. Presence of esophageal perforation preoperatively, undergoing a thoracotomy, and whether a gastrostomy tube was placed were significantly associated with not surviving to discharge. Follow-up information was available for 38 of 47 dogs (80.9%; mean follow-up time, 46.5 months). Infrequent vomiting or regurgitation was reported by 5 of 20 (25%) owners, with 1 dog receiving medication. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that surgical management of EFBs can be associated with a high success rate. Surgery should be considered when an EFB cannot be removed safely with minimally invasive methods or esophageal perforation is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew James Carey Beer
- 1Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England.,2Langford Vets, Langford, Bristol, England
| | - Tom Hernon
- 2Langford Vets, Langford, Bristol, England
| | - Zoë Halfacree
- 3Davies Veterinary Specialists, Higham Gobion, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Ronan A Mullins
- 4Section of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison Moores
- 5Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists Ltd, Winchester, Hampshire, England
| | | | - Joep Timmermans
- 7Vets Now 24/7 Emergency and Specialty Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Chris Shales
- 8Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service, Solihull, West Midlands, England
| | - Derniese Goh
- 9Peninsula Vet Care Emergency and Referral Hospital, Mornington, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elisa Best
- 10Rowe Referrals, Bradley Stoke, Bristol, England
| | - Poppy Bristow
- 11Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, England
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5
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Fages A, Soler C, Fernández-Salesa N, Conte G, Degani M, Briganti A. Perioperative Outcome in Dogs Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Study on 82 Cases (2018-2020). Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100209. [PMID: 34679039 PMCID: PMC8540698 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency abdominal surgery carries high morbidity and mortality rates in human medicine; however, there is less evidence characterising the outcome of these surgeries as a single group in dogs. The aim of the study was to characterise the clinical course, associated complications and outcome of dogs undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. A retrospective study was conducted. Dogs undergoing emergency laparotomy were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables correlated with death and complications. Eighty-two dogs were included in the study. The most common reason for surgery was a gastrointestinal foreign body. Overall, the 15-day mortality rate was 20.7% (17/82). The median (range) length of hospitalisation was 3 (0.5-15) days. Of the 82 patients, 24 (29.3%) developed major complications and 66 (80.5%) developed minor complications. Perioperative factors significantly associated with death included tachycardia (p < 0.001), hypothermia (p < 0.001), lactate acidosis (p < 0.001), shock index > 1 (p < 0.001), leukopenia (p < 0.001) and thrombocytopenia (p < 0.001) at admission, as well as intraoperative hypotension (p < 0.001) and perioperative use of blood products (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that mortality and morbidity rates after emergency abdominal surgery in dogs are high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Fages
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital “Mario Modenato”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (A.B.)
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, UCV, 46018 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (N.F.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-659-654-391
| | - Carme Soler
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, UCV, 46018 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (N.F.-S.)
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, UCV, 46018 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Fernández-Salesa
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Catholic University of Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, UCV, 46018 Valencia, Spain; (C.S.); (N.F.-S.)
| | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Degani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital “Mario Modenato”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Angela Briganti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital “Mario Modenato”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (A.B.)
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Friday S, Murphy C, Lopez D, Mayhew P, Holt D. Gorilla Glue Ingestion in Dogs: 22 Cases (2005-2019). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2021; 57:121-127. [PMID: 33770163 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-7126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gorilla Glue contains methylene diphenyl diisocyanate that expands significantly and hardens once exposed to moisture. Case reports of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate glue ingestion in dogs document gastrointestinal foreign body formation and mechanical obstruction. Medical record queries from four veterinary hospitals identified 22 dogs with Gorilla Glue ingestion. Records were evaluated retrospectively to characterize clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, treatment, and patient outcome. Vomiting was the most common clinical sign (n = 11), with a median time from ingestion to presentation of 42 hr. Abnormal abdominal palpation (e.g., pain) was the most reported examination finding (n = 13). Radiographs were performed in 18/22 dogs, with Gorilla Glue expansion described as granular or mottled soft tissue with gas in the stomach. In 73% (11/15) of dogs requiring surgery, history, clinical findings, and survey abdominal radiographs sufficed to proceed with celiotomy. Surgical removal of the Gorilla Glue foreign body was performed via gastrotomy (n = 14) or gastrotomy and duodenotomy (n = 1). Endoscopic removal was performed in one dog. One dog with suspected mechanical obstruction was euthanized owing to financial constraints. Remaining cases were managed conservatively (n = 5). Short-term prognosis following appropriate fluid therapy and surgical or endoscopic removal was very good.
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7
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Rodrigues DH, Calixto E, Cesario CS, Repoles RB, de Paula Lopes W, Oliveira VS, Brinati A, Hemetrio NS, Silva IO, Boere V. Feeding Ecology of Wild Brown-Nosed Coatis and Garbage Exploration: A Study in Two Ecological Parks. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2412. [PMID: 34438869 PMCID: PMC8388731 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild animals that feed on garbage waste are a problem in ecological parks as it can substantially alter their food ecology. Wild coatis that occupy human recreation areas in parks are often observed feeding on garbage, but the ecological consequences are scarcely known. Forty-four fecal samples from females and 12 from males of wild coatis living in two ecological parks (Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras (PMM) and Parque Nacional do Caparaó (PNC)) were analyzed. Multivariate statistics were applied to evaluate the interaction between four variables (fecal volume, composition, place and sex of coatis). A significant interaction between the parks and sexes with regard to volume and food category was not found. Ungrouped analysis allowed for the identification of a decreasing gradient in volume from PNC males, followed by PNC females, PMM males, and PMM females. We did not find differences between categories of food between males and females from PNC and PMM, except for invertebrates. Females from PNC consumed more invertebrates than males and females of PMM, but we did not find differences from PNC males. The coatis of both parks primarily consume invertebrates and vegetables, but garbage residues were found in their feces. Garbage fragments, such as paper, glass, metal, plastic and rope, cause a risk to the health, compromising the conservation efforts of wild coatis. Actions are needed to prevent the access of coatis to dumps in both parks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delma Henriques Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (D.H.R.); (C.S.C.); (R.B.R.); (A.B.); (I.O.S.)
| | - Eduardo Calixto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil;
| | - Clarice Silva Cesario
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (D.H.R.); (C.S.C.); (R.B.R.); (A.B.); (I.O.S.)
| | - Renata Barcelos Repoles
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (D.H.R.); (C.S.C.); (R.B.R.); (A.B.); (I.O.S.)
| | | | - Viviane Silva Oliveira
- Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Caratinga 35309-899, MG, Brazil;
| | - Alessandro Brinati
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (D.H.R.); (C.S.C.); (R.B.R.); (A.B.); (I.O.S.)
| | - Nadja Simbera Hemetrio
- Fundação de Parques Municipais e Zoobotânica de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31210-090, MG, Brazil;
| | - Ita Oliveira Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (D.H.R.); (C.S.C.); (R.B.R.); (A.B.); (I.O.S.)
- Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, BR 415, Sn, Itabuna 45660-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Vanner Boere
- Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, BR 415, Sn, Itabuna 45660-000, BA, Brazil
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Maxwell EA, Dugat DR, Waltenburg M, Upchurch D, Soto-Elias P, Duffy DJ, Spector D, Petrovsky B, Payton M. Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: A retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery. Vet Surg 2020; 50:177-185. [PMID: 32979240 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate gastrointestinal injury and outcomes between dogs treated with immediate surgical intervention vs those treated with delayed surgical intervention for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction (GIFBO). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SAMPLE POPULATION Client-owned dogs (n = 855) from five referral hospitals. METHODS Medical records of dogs in which GIFBO had been diagnosed between 2007 and 2017 were reviewed for preoperative management, timing of surgery, intraoperative findings, postoperative management, outcome, and survival. Surgical intervention was classified as immediate when it occurred within 6 hours of presentation and delayed when it occurred >6 hours after presentation. RESULTS Outcomes did not differ between dogs treated immediately (n = 584) or over 6 hours after presentation (n = 210). Intestinal necrosis and perforations were more common when surgery was delayed (P = .008; P = .019) but became nonsignificant after controlling for preoperative differences. Risk factors for necrosis and perforations included duration of clinical signs, increased lactate, linear foreign material, and timing of surgery. Enterectomies (P = .004) as well as the duration of surgery (P = .004) and anesthesia (P = .001) were increased when surgery was delayed. Immediate surgery was associated with earlier return to feeding (P = .004) and discharge from the hospital (P < .001); (5%) dogs in each group (n = 33 immediate; n = 11 delayed) either had a negative explore or the foreign body was milked aborally into the colon at the time of surgery. CONCLUSION Although outcomes were not associated with surgical timing, the unadjusted prevalence of gastrointestinal injury and, thus, the requirement for complex surgical procedures was higher in the delayed group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Earlier surgical treatment of stabilized dogs with GIFBO may involve fewer complex procedures and accelerate recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Maxwell
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Danielle R Dugat
- Boren Veterinary Medical Hospital, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | | | - David Upchurch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Pedro Soto-Elias
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Daniel J Duffy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | | | - Brian Petrovsky
- Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Mark Payton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Parker, Colorado
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9
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Kirchofer KS, Block G, Johnson JA. Efficacy of intravenous administration of apomorphine for removal of gastric foreign material in dogs: 495 cases (2010-2015). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 255:459-465. [PMID: 31355726 DOI: 10.2460/javma.255.4.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of IV administration of apomorphine for removal of gastric foreign bodies in dogs. ANIMALS 495 dogs with gastric foreign bodies. PROCEDURES Records of a veterinary hospital were searched to identify dogs that received an injectable formulation of apomorphine between January 1, 2010, and July 30, 2015. Dogs with a gastric foreign body that received an IV injection of apomorphine were included in the study. Information extracted from the record of each dog included signalment, type of foreign material ingested, duration between foreign material ingestion and emesis, dose and number of doses of apomorphine administered, and whether emesis occurred and did or did not result in successful removal of the foreign body. Descriptive data were compared between dogs with and without successful foreign body removal. RESULTS Emesis with successful foreign body removal was achieved in 363 and 11 dogs after administration of 1 and 2 doses of apomorphine, respectively. Successful removal was more likely for young dogs and dogs that had ingested fabric, leather, or bathroom waste. Successful removal was less likely as the duration between foreign body ingestion and emesis increased and for dogs that received opioids, sedatives, or antiemetics before apomorphine administration. Minor adverse effects were recorded for only 4 dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVLANCE IV administration of apomorphine was a viable alternative for induction of emesis and removal of gastric foreign bodies in dogs. Dogs should be examined as soon as possible after foreign body ingestion and should not receive any medications that might affect apomorphine efficacy.
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10
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Gill SS, Buote NJ, Peterson NW, Bergman PJ. Factors associated with dehiscence and mortality rates following gastrointestinal surgery in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 255:569-573. [PMID: 31429652 DOI: 10.2460/javma.255.5.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with dehiscence and mortality rates following gastrointestinal surgery in dogs. ANIMALS 170 client-owned dogs that underwent gastrointestinal surgery from 2010 to 2016. PROCEDURES Medical records of all included dogs were reviewed to collect information on preoperative (breed, sex, age, body weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] physical status classification, emergency status, and plasma lactate concentration), intraoperative (indication for surgery, type of surgery, and whether bacterial peritonitis was identified), and postoperative (development of dehiscence and survival status at 2 weeks after surgery) factors. Preoperative and intraoperative factors were evaluated for associations among each other and with postoperative factors. RESULTS Univariate analyses revealed that preoperative plasma lactate concentration increased with increasing ASA status, and lactate concentrations were significantly higher for nonsurvivors (mean ± SD, 4.6 ± 3.7 mmol/L) than for survivors (2.4 ± 1.7 mmol/L). Multivariate analysis controlling for age, body weight, and plasma lactate concentration revealed that dogs with an ASA status ≥ 3 were more likely to develop dehiscence after gastrointestinal surgery than were dogs with a lower ASA status (OR, 17.77; 95% confidence interval, 2.17 to 144.06). Multivariate analysis also revealed that dogs with an ASA status ≥ 3 or high lactate concentration were less likely to survive than were other dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings regarding ASA status and preoperative plasma lactate concentration and their associations with outcome may help clinicians to determine and provide optimal perioperative care to dogs requiring gastrointestinal surgery as well as to inform owners about prognosis.
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11
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McCagherty J, Yool D, Earley NF, Woods S. Grass as a linear gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction in four dogs. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna McCagherty
- Small Animal HospitalUniversity of Glasgow College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesGlasgowUK
| | - Donald Yool
- Small Animal HospitalUniversity of Glasgow College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesGlasgowUK
| | - Naomi F Earley
- Hospital for Small AnimalsThe University of Edinburgh Royal Dick School of Veterinary StudiesRoslinUK
| | - Sam Woods
- Veterinary Specialists ScotlandLivingstonUK
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12
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Dollo V, Chambers G, Carothers M. Endoscopic retrieval of gastric and oesophageal foreign bodies in 52 cats. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 61:51-56. [PMID: 31709553 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the outcomes and major complications in cats that require oesophageal and gastric endoscopic foreign body removal. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of 52 cats with oesophageal and gastric foreign bodies that underwent endoscopic foreign body retrieval during a 13-year period (2006 to 2018) were retrospectively reviewed to characterise the clinical and radiographic signs, endoscopic findings, outcomes and major complications. RESULTS Endoscopic foreign body retrieval was successful in 49 of the 52 cats (94.2%). Radiographs confirmed the foreign material in 24 of the 50 cats (48%). Major complications occurred in eight of the 52 cats (15.4%) and included pleural effusion (n=2), aspiration pneumonia (n=2), unsuccessful removal of foreign material with endoscopy (n=3), oesophageal stricture formation (n=3) and cardiopulmonary arrest (n=1). Cats with oesophageal foreign bodies were more likely to experience major complications than those with gastric foreign bodies. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Endoscopic foreign body removal in cats was associated with good overall outcomes and a low complication rate in this study sample. These results will help veterinarians better understand the outcomes of endoscopic foreign body removal in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dollo
- Akron Veterinary Internal Medicine and Oncology, Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital, Akron, Ohio, 44321, USA
| | - G Chambers
- Akron Veterinary Internal Medicine and Oncology, Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital, Akron, Ohio, 44321, USA
| | - M Carothers
- Akron Veterinary Internal Medicine and Oncology, Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital, Akron, Ohio, 44321, USA
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13
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Intusussception Secondary to Gastrointestinal Foreign Body in an Eleven Month old Juvenile African Lion (Panthera Leo) Case Report. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2019-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
An eleven month old male, juvenile lion brought for rehabilitation at the Olusegun Obasanjo Presidential Library (OOPL) Wildlife Park was diagnosed with gastrointestinal foreign body and intussusception based on the history of persistent vomiting following ingestion of a cotton towel, and radiographic findings of a radiopaque gastric foreign body extending from the fundus to the pylorus and a cylindrical soft tissue mid-abdominal mass. The lion was premedicated with an intramuscular injections of ketamine (5 mg.kg−1) and midazolam (0.25 mg.kg−1), while anaesthesia was induced with an intravenous injection of propofol (2 mg.kg−1). A celiotomy followed by gastrotomy and subsequent intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed to remove the gastrointestinal foreign bodies and correct the intussus ception. The lion recovered well without any complication and was gradually introduced back into the group housing three weeks later following successful alimentation process. This report is probably the first case of intussusception in a lion that was associated with a gastrointestinal foreign body.
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Mutascio LM, Breur GJ, Moore GE, Simons MC. Effects of a surgical sealant on leakage pressure and circumference of fresh canine cadaver small intestinal anastomoses. Am J Vet Res 2018; 79:1335-1340. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.79.12.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Barry KS, Case JB, Winter MD, Garcia-Pereira FL, Buckley G, Johnson MD. Diagnostic usefulness of laparoscopy versus exploratory laparotomy for dogs with suspected gastrointestinal obstruction. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 251:307-314. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.251.3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Abstract
Recently, a new platform of abdominal access, called single-port surgery, has emerged in human and veterinary laparoscopy. The single-port platform enables all laparoscopic instruments, including the telescope, to pass individually through the same abdominal incision. Recently, there have been several published reports documenting the efficacy and safety of single-port procedures in veterinary patients. This article discusses the common single-port devices and instrumentation, as well as procedures now routinely offered in veterinary minimally invasive surgery.
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Hobday MM, Pachtinger GE, Drobatz KJ, Syring RS. Linear versus
non-linear gastrointestinal foreign bodies in 499 dogs: clinical presentation, management and short-term outcome. J Small Anim Pract 2014; 55:560-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Hobday
- Department of Clinical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104-6010 USA
| | - G. E. Pachtinger
- Department of Clinical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104-6010 USA
| | - K. J. Drobatz
- Department of Clinical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104-6010 USA
| | - R. S. Syring
- Department of Clinical, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104-6010 USA
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18
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Thompson HC, Cortes Y, Gannon K, Bailey D, Freer S. Esophageal foreign bodies in dogs: 34 cases (2004-2009). J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2012; 22:253-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2011.00700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Clinical results and complications of preventive laparoscopic assisted gastropexy in 17 dogs: preliminary study. ACTA VET BRNO 2011. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201180010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In terms of GDV prevention, a number of non-surgical measures are recommended. However, the only truly reliable method is gastropexy, most often as part of a surgical treatment of GDV. Gastropexy may be performed preventively either during laparotomy indicated for another reason than GDV, or newly laparoscopically, as independent preventive gastropexy. Preventive laparoscopic assisted gastropexy (PLAG) was performed in 17 patients at the Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics of the Small Animal Clinic at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno. Clinical results and complications of PLAG were evaluated 3-12 months after surgery. The most frequent clinical finding of PLAG was a skinfold at the site of gastropexy immediately after the surgery (n = 8; 47%), or still on day 12 after the surgery (n = 1; 6%). As for PLAG complications, in one case a seroma formation was found at the site of gastropexy (6%); in two patients iatrogenic perforation of the splenic capsule (12%) occurred, which in one case gave reason to converting laparoscopy into laparotomy (6%). In none of the patients, death, gastropexy failure, GDV development, dehiscence, infection of or haemorrhage from the surgical wound were noted. Laparoscopic assisted gastropexy appears as a reliable and miniinvasive surgical method of GDV prevention and it may be recommended for high-risk breeds of dogs.
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20
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Oliveira-Barros LM, Costa-Casagrande TA, Cogliati B, Sá LRM, Matera JM. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of intestinal innervation in dogs with and without intussusception. Am J Vet Res 2010; 71:636-42. [PMID: 20513178 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.71.6.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess viability of innervation in bowel segments appearing macroscopically viable from dogs with intussusception. ANIMALS 7 dogs without gastrointestinal dysfunction that had been euthanized for reasons unrelated to the study (control dogs) and 13 dogs with intussusception that underwent enterectomy and intestinal anastomosis (affected dogs). PROCEDURES A total of 31 samples of intestinal tissue were obtained from the control dogs; 28 samples were obtained from affected dogs during surgery. Samples were histologically and immunohistochemically prepared and subjectively scored for degree of vacuolization and staining, respectively. Other data collected included mean muscle cell density of circular and longitudinal muscular layers, ratio between areas of muscular layers, mean number of myenteric plexuses, mean ganglion cell density of myenteric plexuses, and degree of degeneration in neuronal plexuses as estimated through synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) immunoreactivity. RESULTS Mean muscle cell density of longitudinal muscular layers, ratio between areas of muscular layers, and synaptophysin immunoreactivity did not differ significantly between affected and control dogs; values of all other variables did. Correlations were evident between mean ganglion cell density in myenteric plexuses and mean muscle cell density in circular muscular layers, degree of neuronal degeneration in myenteric plexuses and NSE immunoreactivity, and degree of neuronal degeneration in myenteric plexuses and mean ganglion cell density of myenteric plexuses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Innervation may be impaired in bowel segments that appear macroscopically viable. Therefore, careful evaluation of preserved surgical margins during enterectomy and enteroanastomosis and monitoring of digestive function after surgery are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda M Oliveira-Barros
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.
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21
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Hayes G. Gastrointestinal foreign bodies in dogs and cats: a retrospective study of 208 cases. J Small Anim Pract 2009; 50:576-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Boag AK, Coe RJ, Martinez TA, Hughes D. Acid-Base and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Dogs with Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies. J Vet Intern Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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23
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Owen MC, Morris PJ, Bateman RS. Concurrent gastro-oesophageal intussusception, trichobezoar and hiatal hernia in a cat. N Z Vet J 2005; 53:371-4. [PMID: 16220136 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2005.36579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
CASE HISTORY An adult male Birman cat was evaluated for recurrent, intermittent vomiting or regurgitation, occasionally associated with abdominal discomfort. CLINICAL FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSIS Radiographs, including an oesophogram, indicated an oesophageal obstruction. Prior to treatment, the cat's condition deteriorated and it was euthanised at the owner's request. Post-mortem examination revealed a gastro-oesophageal intussusception, a trichobezoar impacted into the intussusceptum, and a dilated oesophageal hiatus consistent with a chronic hiatal hernia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gastro-oesophageal intussusception is a rare condition in cats. Its aetiology in relation to a pre-existing hiatal hernia and a trichobezoar is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Owen
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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24
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Augusto M, Kraijer M, Pratschke KM. Chronic oesophageal foreign body in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2005; 7:237-40. [PMID: 16055010 PMCID: PMC10822336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old cat was presented with an approximately 2-month history of dysphagia, intermittent regurgitation and weight loss. An oesophageal foreign body was identified on plain radiographs, and an oesophagotomy was performed to remove a large V-shaped bone from the caudal cervical oesophagus. A gastrostomy feeding tube was placed to allow nutritional support postoperatively. Medical treatment for oesophagitis was initiated after surgery. No complications were encountered and the cat was discharged 4 days after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Augusto
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
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25
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Steelman-Szymeczek SM, Stebbins ME, Hardie EM. Clinical evaluation of a right-sided prophylactic gastropexy via a grid approach. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2003; 39:397-402. [PMID: 12873031 DOI: 10.5326/0390397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new technique is described for a prophylactic incisional gastropexy via a right-sided grid approach (i.e., minilaparotomy). A pilot study showed comparable tensile strength between a traditional ventral midline approach and the grid approach. Six client-owned dogs were selected for the procedure. Four weeks postoperatively, a barium gastrogram was performed to assess stomach/gastropexy position. Complications included a seroma and postoperative discomfort. This technique should be considered for any at-risk breed that is not overweight. The right-sided grid approach to a prophylactic gastropexy was less invasive than a ventral midline approach and resulted in a stable gastropexy at 4 weeks postoperatively in five of six dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Steelman-Szymeczek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
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26
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Dye T. The acute abdomen: a surgeon's approach to diagnosis and treatment. CLINICAL TECHNIQUES IN SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE 2003; 18:53-65. [PMID: 12772870 DOI: 10.1016/1096-2867(03)90026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Clinical approach to a patient with acute abdominal distress involves decision making: whether to take a patient to surgery, or manage the patient medically. A thorough and systematic approach requires the use of diagnostic imaging modalities, including radiology and ultrasonography, performing diagnostic peritoneal lavage or abdominal paracentesis techniques, and bloodwork evaluation, including complete blood count and serum biochemistry profiles. In some cases, the results of diagnostic tests may lead to surgical versus medical management, particularly when a patient fails to respond to medical management alone. In other cases, such as GDV syndrome, penetrating abdominal wounds, pyometra, or uncontrolled abdominal hemorrhage, rapid surgical management is necessary for patient survival. This article describes a systematic approach to a small animal patient with acute abdomen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Dye
- Denver Veterinary Specialists, Wheat Ridge, CO 80033, USA.
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27
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Abstract
The common presentations of gastrointestinal foreign bodies in cats are discussed in this article. The options for diagnostic imaging modalities and other diagnostic tests are detailed. The management of foreign body obstructions at different levels of the gastrointestinal tract is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the management of linear gastrointestinal foreign bodies, morbidity associated with this condition, and treatment. There is also a brief discussion on the types of gastrointestinal foreign bodies presenting to a veterinary teaching hospital at which both referral and primary cases are seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor N Bebchuk
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4 Canada.
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