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Chang H, Zou Z, Wang Q, Li J, Jin H, Yin Q, Xing D. Targeting and Specific Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells by Endogenous Antigen-Loaded Nanoparticles Elicits Tumor-Specific Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1900069. [PMID: 31921548 PMCID: PMC6947714 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shown tremendous promise for improving cancer treatment. Unfortunately, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in cancer patients cannot effectively recognize and process tumor antigens to activate host immune responses. In this study, an approach is developed to improve cancer immunotherapy that utilizes endogenous antigen-carrying nanoparticles (EAC-NPs), which encompasses a set of antigens isolated from solid tumors and adjuvants. The EAC-NPs specifically target APCs and subsequently result in enhanced T cell responses and improved antitumor efficacy. Mechanistic studies reveal that the EAC-NPs enhance and prolong the presence of immune compounds in APCs, which ensure persistent antigen loading and stimulation, induce a rapid proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and significantly increase the ratios of intratumoral CD4+ T/Treg and CD8+ T/Treg. The work using nanotechnology provides a promising strategy in improving antitumor immunity by enhancing the immunogenicity and presentation of tumor self-antigens for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Cai Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Zheng‐Zhi Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Qiu‐Hong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Jie Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Huan Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Qian‐Xia Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China
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2
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Pereira VB, Zurita-Turk M, Saraiva TDL, De Castro CP, Souza BM, Mancha Agresti P, Lima FA, Pfeiffer VN, Azevedo MSP, Rocha CS, Pontes DS, Azevedo V, Miyoshi A. DNA Vaccines Approach: From Concepts to Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/wjv.2014.42008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Recombinant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a vaccine vector for HIV-1 Gag. Viruses 2013; 5:2062-78. [PMID: 23989890 PMCID: PMC3798890 DOI: 10.3390/v5092062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The HIV/AIDS epidemic remains a global health problem, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. An effective HIV-1 vaccine is therefore badly required to mitigate this ever-expanding problem. Since HIV-1 infects its host through the mucosal surface, a vaccine for the virus needs to trigger mucosal as well as systemic immune responses. Oral, attenuated recombinant Salmonella vaccines offer this potential of delivering HIV-1 antigens to both the mucosal and systemic compartments of the immune system. So far, a number of pre-clinical studies have been performed, in which HIV-1 Gag, a highly conserved viral antigen possessing both T- and B-cell epitopes, was successfully delivered by recombinant Salmonella vaccines and, in most cases, induced HIV-specific immune responses. In this review, the potential use of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a live vaccine vector for HIV-1 Gag is explored.
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4
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Bhowmik T, D’Souza B, Uddin MN, D’Souza MJ. Oral delivery of microparticles containing plasmid DNA encoding hepatitis-B surface antigen. J Drug Target 2012; 20:364-71. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.662686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Progress towards a needle-free hepatitis B vaccine. Pharm Res 2010; 28:986-1012. [PMID: 21088986 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide public health problem. Vaccination is the most efficient way to prevent hepatitis B. Despite the success of the currently available vaccine, there is a clear need for the development of new generation of HBV vaccines. Needle-free immunization is an attractive approach for mass immunization campaigns, since avoiding the use of needles reduces the risk of needle-borne diseases and prevents needle-stick injuries and pain, thus augmenting patient compliance and eliminating the need for trained medical personnel. Moreover, this kind of immunization was shown to induce good systemic as well as mucosal immunological responses, which is important for the creation of both a prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine. In order to produce a better, safer, more efficient and more suitable vaccine, adjuvants have been used. In this article, several adjuvants tested over the years for their potential to help create a needle-free vaccine against HBV are reviewed.
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Efficient Modulation of T-cell Response by Dual-mode, Single-carrier Delivery of Cytokine-targeted siRNA and DNA Vaccine to Antigen-presenting Cells. Mol Ther 2008; 16:2011-21. [DOI: 10.1038/mt.2008.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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7
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Qu D, Lanier G, Yuan ZH, Wen YM, Howard CR, Ahmed R. Localization of CD8+ cells specific for hepatitis B virus surface protein in the liver of immunized mice. J Med Virol 2008; 80:225-32. [PMID: 18098130 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA plasmids are potent inducers of long-lasting antigen-specific CTL responses. Little is known about the distribution of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in the lymphoid tissue and the non-lymphoid tissue after DNA immunization. HBsAg-specific CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, spleen, lymph nodes, and the liver of Balb/c mice have been quantified after injection with a DNA plasmid expressing the major S protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The kinetics of CD8+ T-cell responses in the circulation were measured after priming and boosting, showing that antigen-specific CD8+ T cells undergo first expansion and then decline to a sustainable level in the circulation, although the frequencies of HBsAg-specific CD8+ T cells in the circulation were lower than for the spleen. The greater frequencies of HBsAg-specific CD8+ T cells were found in the liver, whereas the largest numbers of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were found in the spleen. By day 100 after priming, HBsAg-specific CD8+ T cells were still detected in the circulation, the spleen and the liver. After boosting with the same plasmid DNA immunogen, HBsAg-specific CD8+ T cells proliferated quickly and vigorously. By 150 days after boosting, HBsAg-specific memory CD8+ T cells were sustained at higher levels than those recorded after the first, primary injection, both in the spleen and the liver: anti-HBs antibody-secreting plasma cells persisted in the bone marrow and in the spleen, consistent with the detection of anti-HBs antibodies detected in the blood. These findings indicate that DNA immunization has considerable potential for inducing specific T cell responses in the liver and offers a strategy for the development of post-exposure immunotherapy against persistent hepatitis B infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qu
- Department of Medical Molecular Virology, Institutes of Bio-medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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8
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Katz O, Gil L, Lifshitz L, Prutchi-Sagiv S, Gassmann M, Mittelman M, Neumann D. Erythropoietin enhances immune responses in mice. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37:1584-93. [PMID: 17458859 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200637025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) is the main erythropoietic hormone. Recombinant human Epo (rHuEpo) is thus used in clinical practice for the treatment of anemia. Accumulating data reveals that Epo exerts pleiotropic activities. We have previously shown an anti-neoplastic activity of Epo in murine multiple myeloma (MM) models, and in MM patients. Our findings that this anti-neoplastic effect operates via CD8+ T lymphocytes led us to hypothesize that Epo possesses a wider range of immunomodulatory functions. Here we demonstrate the effect of Epo on B lymphocyte responses, focusing on three experimental models: (i) tumor-bearing mice, (5T2 MM mouse); (ii) antigen-injected healthy mice; and (iii) antigen-injected transgenic mice (tg6), overexpressing human Epo. In the MM model, despite bone marrow dysfunction, Epo-treated mice retained higher levels of endogenous polyclonal immunoglobulins, compared to their untreated controls. In both Epo-treated wild type and tg6 mice, Epo effect was manifested in the higher levels of splenocyte proliferative response induced in vitro by lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, these mice had increased in vivo production of anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) antibodies following immunization with DNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Epo-treated mice showed an enhanced immune response also to the clinically relevant hepatitis B surface antigen. These findings suggest a potential novel use of rHuEpo as an immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odelia Katz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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9
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Borges O, Tavares J, de Sousa A, Borchard G, Junginger HE, Cordeiro-da-Silva A. Evaluation of the immune response following a short oral vaccination schedule with hepatitis B antigen encapsulated into alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 32:278-90. [PMID: 17884394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to assess the ability of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, encapsulated in alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles, to induce local and systemic immune responses following oral vaccination. The antigen was administered either alone or in combination with the immunopotentiator, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing immunostimulatory CpG motif (CpG ODN) as adjuvant, and associated or not with the alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles. After two immunizations the group I (HBsAg associated with nanoparticles) and the group VI (HBsAg and CpG, both associated with nanoparticles) showed enhanced immune responses. Both groups showed significant higher values of the CD69 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and lower values of this marker in B lymphocytes. Moreover, a strongest proliferative response of the splenocytes, ex vivo stimulated with concanavalin A, was observed in the same groups. Although with a presence of non-responder mice within the groups, only mice of the groups I and VI elicited the generation of anti-HBsAg antibodies detected in serum (IgG) and in the intestinal washings (sIgA). The results demonstrated that coated chitosan nanoparticles might have potential for being used as a deliver system for oral vaccination with the recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Borges
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Rua do Norte, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal.
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10
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Hu H, Lu X, Tao L, Bai B, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zheng F, Chen J, Chen Z, Wang H. Induction of specific immune responses by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike DNA vaccine with or without interleukin-2 immunization using different vaccination routes in mice. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2007; 14:894-901. [PMID: 17494640 PMCID: PMC1951058 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00019-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA vaccines induce humoral and cellular immune responses in animal models and humans. To analyze the immunogenicity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV, spike DNA vaccine and the immunoregulatory activity of interleukin-2 (IL-2), DNA vaccine plasmids pcDNA-S and pcDNA-IL-2 were constructed and inoculated into BALB/c mice with or without pcDNA-IL-2 by using three different immunization routes (the intramuscular route, electroporation, or the oral route with live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium). The cellular and humoral immune responses were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, lymphocyte proliferation assays, enzyme-linked immunospot assays, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses. The results showed that specific humoral and cellular immunities could be induced in mice by inoculating them with SARS-CoV spike DNA vaccine alone or by coinoculation with IL-2-expressing plasmids. In addition, the immune response levels in the coinoculation groups were significantly higher than those in groups receiving the spike DNA vaccine alone. The comparison between the three vaccination routes indicated that oral vaccination evoked a vigorous T-cell response and a weak response predominantly with subclass immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) antibody. However, intramuscular immunization evoked a vigorous antibody response and a weak T-cell response, and vaccination by electroporation evoked a vigorous response with a predominant subclass IgG1 antibody response and a moderate T-cell response. Our findings show that the spike DNA vaccine has good immunogenicity and can induce specific humoral and cellular immunities in BALB/c mice, while IL-2 plays an immunoadjuvant role and enhances the humoral and cellular immune responses. Different vaccination routes also evoke distinct immune responses. This study provides basic information for the design of DNA vaccines against SARS-CoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
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11
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Eo SK, Yoon HA, Aleyas AG, Park SO, Han YW, Chae JS, Lee JH, Song HJ, Cho JG. Systemic and mucosal immunity induced by oral somatic transgene vaccination against glycoprotein B of pseudorabies virus using live attenuatedSalmonella typhimurium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 47:451-61. [PMID: 16872383 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2006.00117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycoprotein B mediates the absorption and penetration of the pseudorabies virus in the form of an immunodominant Ag, and represents a major target for the development of new vaccines. This study evaluated the efficiency of live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL7207 for the oral delivery of DNA vaccine encoding the pseudorabies virus glycoprotein B (pCI-PrVgB) in vivo, leading to the generation of both systemic and mucosal immunity against the pseudorabies virus Ag. An oral transgene vaccination of pCI-PrVgB using a Salmonella carrier produced a broad spectrum of immunity at both the systemic and mucosal sites, whereas the intramuscular administration of a naked DNA vaccine elicited no mucosal immunoglobulin (Ig)A response. Interestingly, the Salmonella-mediated oral transgene vaccination of the pseudorabies virus glycoprotein B biased the immune responses to the Th2-type, as determined by the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and the cytokine production profile. However, oral vaccination mediated by Salmonella harbouring pCI-PrVgB showed inferior protection to systemic immunization against virulent pseudorabies virus infection. The expression of transgene delivered by Salmonella bacteria in antigen-presenting cells of both the systemic and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues was further demonstrated. These results highlight the potential use of live attenuated S. typhimurium for an oral transgene pseudorabies virus glycoprotein B vaccination to induce broad immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kug Eo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea. vetvirus@chonbukakcr
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12
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Chen AY, Fry SR, Forbes-Faulkner J, Daggard G, Mukkur TKS. Evaluation of the immunogenicity of the P97R1 adhesin of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae as a mucosal vaccine in mice. J Med Microbiol 2006; 55:923-929. [PMID: 16772421 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of P97 adhesin repeat region R1 (P97R1) of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, an important pathogenesis-associated region of P97, was evaluated in mice as a mucosal vaccine. Mice were immunized orally with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA strain CS332 harbouring a eukaryotic or prokaryotic expression vector encoding P97R1. Local and systemic immune responses were analysed by ELISA on mouse sera, lung washes and splenocyte supernatants following splenocyte stimulation with specific antigens in vitro. Although no P97R1-specific antibody responses were detected in serum and lung washes, significant gamma interferon was produced by P97R1-stimulated splenocytes from mice immunized orally with S. typhimurium aroA harbouring either expression system, indicating induction of a cell-mediated immune response. These results suggested that live bacterial vectors carrying DNA vaccines or expressing heterologous antigens preferentially induce a Th1 response. Surprisingly, however, mice immunized with the vaccine carrier S. typhimurium aroA CS332 induced serum IgG, but not mucosal IgA, against P97R1 or S. typhimurium aroA CS332 whole-cell lysate, emphasizing the importance of assessing the suitability of attenuated S. typhimurium antigen-carrier delivery vectors in the mouse model prior to their evaluation as potential vaccines in the target species, which in this instance was pigs.
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MESH Headings
- Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics
- Adhesins, Bacterial/immunology
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- Bacterial Vaccines/genetics
- Bacterial Vaccines/immunology
- Base Sequence
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- Female
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae/genetics
- Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae/immunology
- Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal/immunology
- Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal/microbiology
- Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal/prevention & control
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/virology
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Austen Y Chen
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott R Fry
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Grant Daggard
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - T K S Mukkur
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Woo PC, Lau SK, Tsoi HW, Chen ZW, Wong BH, Zhang L, Chan JK, Wong LP, He W, Ma C, Chan KH, Ho DD, Yuen KY. SARS coronavirus spike polypeptide DNA vaccine priming with recombinant spike polypeptide from Escherichia coli as booster induces high titer of neutralizing antibody against SARS coronavirus. Vaccine 2005; 23:4959-68. [PMID: 15993989 PMCID: PMC7115571 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2004] [Revised: 05/19/2005] [Accepted: 05/29/2005] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Different forms of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike protein-based vaccines for generation of neutralizing antibody response against SARS-CoV were compared using a mouse model. High IgG levels were detected in mice immunized with intraperitoneal (i.p.) recombinant spike polypeptide generated by Escherichia coli (S-peptide), mice primed with intramuscular (i.m.) tPA-optimize800 DNA vaccine (tPA-S-DNA) and boosted with i.p. S-peptide, mice primed with i.m. CTLA4HingeSARS800 DNA vaccine (CTLA4-S-DNA) and boosted with i.p. S-peptide, mice primed with oral live-attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella-S-DNA-control) and boosted with i.p. S-peptide, mice primed with oral live-attenuated S. typhimurium that contained tPA-optimize800 DNA vaccine (Salmonella-tPA-S-DNA) and boosted with i.p. S-peptide, and mice primed with oral live-attenuated S. typhimurium that contained CTLA4HingeSARS800 DNA vaccine (Salmonella-tPA-S-DNA) and boosted with i.p. S-peptide. No statistical significant difference was observed among the Th1/Th2 index among these six groups of mice with high IgG levels. Sera of all six mice immunized with i.p. S-peptide, i.m. DNA vaccine control and oral Salmonella-S-DNA-control showed no neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV. Sera of the mice immunized with i.m. tPA-S-DNA, i.m. CTLA4-S-DNA, oral Salmonella-S-DNA-control boosted with i.p. S-peptide, oral Salmonella-tPA-S-DNA, oral Salmonella-tPA-S-DNA boosted with i.p S-peptide, oral Salmonella-CTLA4-S-DNA and oral Salmonella-CTLA4-S-DNA boosted with i.p. S-peptide showed neutralizing antibody titers of <1:20-1:160. Sera of all the mice immunized with i.m. tPA-S-DNA boosted with i.p. S-peptide and i.m. CTLA4-S-DNA boosted with i.p. S-peptide showed neutralizing antibody titers of >or=1:1280. The present observation may have major practical value, such as immunization of civet cats, since production of recombinant proteins from E. coli is far less expensive than production of recombinant proteins using eukaryotic systems.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Bacterial Vaccines/immunology
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Immunization Schedule
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interferon-gamma/analysis
- Interleukin-4/analysis
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Models, Animal
- Neutralization Tests
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/immunology
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins/administration & dosage
- Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
- Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C.Y. Woo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Susanna K.P. Lau
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hoi-wah Tsoi
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Beatrice H.L. Wong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Jim K.H. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Lei-po Wong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Wei He
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kwok-hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Kwok-yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Room 423, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +852 28554892; fax: +852 28551241.
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14
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Jain S, Singh P, Mishra V, Vyas SP. Mannosylated niosomes as adjuvant–carrier system for oral genetic immunization against Hepatitis B. Immunol Lett 2005; 101:41-9. [PMID: 15869802 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2005.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Revised: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 04/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to develop mannosylated niosomes as oral DNA vaccine carriers for the induction of humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity. Niosomes composed of span 60, cholesterol and stearylamine as constitutive lipids were prepared by reverse phase evaporation method and were coated with a modified polysaccharide o-palmitoyl mannan (OPM) in order to protect them from bile salt caused dissolution and enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and to enhance their affinity towards the antigen presenting cells of Peyer's patches. Prepared niosomes were characterized in vitro for their size, shape, entrapment efficiency, ligand binding specificity and stability in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid. OPM coated niosomes were found to better stable in simulated GIT conditions. The immune stimulating activity was studied by measuring serum anti-HBsAg titer, secretory IgA level in intestinal and salivary secretions and cyokines level (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) in spleen homogenates following oral administration of niosomal formulations in Balb/c mice and compared with naked DNA as well as pure recombinant HBsAg injected intramuscularly. The serum anti-HBsAg titer obtained after oral administration of OPM coated niosomal formulations was although less as compared to that elicited by naked DNA and pure HBsAg administered intramuscularly, but the mice were seroprotective within 2 weeks and antibody level far above the clinically protective limit for humans was achieved. Intramuscular naked DNA and recombinant HBsAg did not elicited sIgA titer in mucosal secretions that was induced by oral administration of OPM coated niosomes. Similarly, cellular response (cytokines level) was absent in pure HBsAg treated animals. OPM coated niosomes produced humoral (both systemic and mucosal) and cellular immune response upon oral administration. The study signifies the potential of OPM coated niosomes as DNA vaccine carrier and adjuvant for effective oral immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyog Jain
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar 470003, MP, India
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Abstract
The use of live attenuated bacterial vaccine strains allows the targeted delivery of macromolecules to mammalian cells and tissues via the mucosal route. Depending on their specific virulence mechanisms and inherent metabolic preferences, bacteria invade certain cell types and body niches where they consequently deliver their cargo. Recently, the ability of attenuated strains of Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia spp., as well as Listeria monocytogenes and invasive Escherichia coli, to deliver eukaryotic expression plasmids into mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo has been discovered. The great potential of bacteria-mediated transfer of plasmid DNA encoding vaccine antigens and/or therapeutic molecules was demonstrated in experimental animal models of infectious diseases, tumours and gene deficiencies. The exact mechanism of DNA transfer from the bacterial vector into the mammalian host is not yet completely known. The understanding of molecular events during bacterial DNA transfer, however, will further the development of bacterial vector systems with great promise for various clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Loessner
- Molecular Immunology, GBF, German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Schoen C, Stritzker J, Goebel W, Pilgrim S. Bacteria as DNA vaccine carriers for genetic immunization. Int J Med Microbiol 2004; 294:319-35. [PMID: 15532991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2004.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic immunization with plasmid DNA vaccines has proven to be a promising tool in conferring protective immunity in various experimental animal models of infectious diseases or tumors. Recent research focuses on the use of bacteria, in particular enteroinvasive species, as effective carriers for DNA vaccines. Attenuated strains of Shigella flexneri, Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica or Listeria monocytogenes have shown to be attractive candidates to target DNA vaccines to immunological inductive sites at mucosal surfaces. This review summarizes recent progress in bacteria-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA vaccines in the field of infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schoen
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter of the University, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Li YG, Liu MX, Wang FS, Jin L, Hong WG. Genetic polymorphisms in IL-10 and IL-12b allele promoter regions in Chinese patients of Han nationality with HBV infection. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:1139-1143. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i8.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association of genetic susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection and disease progression with the allelic polymorphisms of IL-10 and IL-12b promoter regions in Chinese Han population.
METHODS Two groups of indigenous Chinese subjects (314 subjects in total) were recruited in this study. Group 1 included 104 unrelated patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and 76 unrelated healthy donors. Group 2 contained 134 related subjects from seven HBV-infected pedigrees of Han ethnic origin. Total genomic DNA samples were purified from the 1.5 ml of peripheral blood of all participated individuals by using the QIAgen purification DNA kit. Genotyping of IL10-5'A and IL12-5'C alleles was performed by means of PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and further proved by direct DNA sequencing. All data were statistically analyzed by using SAS software.
RESULTS IL10-5'A mutant frequency in unrelated healthy subjects was 41.9% compared with 42.1% in unrelated HBV-infected patients, while IL12-5'C mutant frequency was 64.6% and 55.8% among healthy individuals and HBV-infected patients, respectively. No significant difference was found among the unrelated healthy individuals and unrelated HBV-infected patients. In related individuals from the seven HBV-infected pedigrees, the mutant frequency of IL12-5'C allele was found to be identical to that in unrelated healthy and HBV-infected patients, but the mutant frequency of IL10-5'A allele(19.5%) was significantly different from that(42.0%) in unrelated group (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION The polymorphisms of IL10-5'A and IL12-5'C allele promoter regions were not correlated with hepatitis B virus infection and disease progression among unrelated subjects, but there was a significantly lower mutant frequency of IL10-5'A allele among related subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Li
- Division of Bioengineering, 302 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039 China
| | - Ming-Xu Liu
- Division of Bioengineering, 302 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039 China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Division of Bioengineering, 302 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039 China
| | - Lei Jin
- Division of Bioengineering, 302 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039 China
| | - Wei-Guo Hong
- Division of Bioengineering, 302 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039 China
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N/A. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:810-814. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i6.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Guo CC, Ding J, Pan BR, Yu ZC, Han QL, Meng FP, Liu N, Fan DM. Development of an oral DNA vaccine against MG7-Ag of gastric cancer using attenuated salmonella typhimurium as carrier. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:1191-5. [PMID: 12800222 PMCID: PMC4611782 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i6.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop an oral DNA vaccine against gastric cancer and evaluate its efficacy in mice.
METHODS: The genes of the MG7-Ag mimotope and a universal Th epitope (Pan-DR epitope, PADRE) were included in the PCR primers. By PCR, the fusion gene of the two epitopes was amplified. The fusion gene was confirmed by sequencing and was then cloned into pcDNA3.1 (+) plasmid. The pcDNA3.1 (+)-MG7/PADRE was used to transfect an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium. C57BL/6 mice were orally immunized with 1 × 108 cfu Salmonella transfectants. Salmonella harboring the empty pcDNA3.1 (+) plasmid and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were used as negative controls. At the 6th week, serum titer of MG7-Ag specific antibody was detected by ELISA. At the 8th week cellular immunity was detected by an unprimed proliferation test of the spleenocytes by using a [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells expressing MG7-Ag were used as a model in tumor challenge assay to evaluate the protective effect of the vaccine.
RESULTS: Serum titer of antibody against MG7-Ag was significantly higher in mice immunized with the vaccine than that in control groups (0.841 vs 0.347, P < 0.01; 0.841 vs 0.298, P < 0.01), while in vitro unprimed proliferation assay of the spleenocytes showed no statistical difference between those three groups. Two weeks after tumor challenge, 2 in 7 immunized mice were tumor free, while all the mice in the control groups showed tumor formation.
CONCLUSION: Oral DNA vaccine against the MG7-Ag momitope of gastric cancer is immunogenic. It can induce significant humoral immunity against tumor in mice, and the vaccine has partially protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cun Guo
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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Weiss S. Transfer of eukaryotic expression plasmids to mammalian hosts by attenuated Salmonella spp. Int J Med Microbiol 2003; 293:95-106. [PMID: 12755370 DOI: 10.1078/1438-4221-00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transkingdom transfer of DNA from bacteria to other organisms, well established for bacteria, yeast and plants, was recently also extended to mammalian host cells. Attenuated intracellular bacteria or non-pathogenic bacteria equipped with adhesion and invasion properties have been demonstrated to transfer eukaryotic expression plasmids in vitro and in vivo. Here the mucosal application of attenuated Salmonella enterica spp. as DNA carrier for the induction of immune responses towards protein antigens encoded by expression plasmids, their use to complement genetic defects or deliver immunotherapeutic proteins is reviewed. Plasmid transfer has been reported for Salmonella typhimurium, S. typhi and S. choleraesuis so far but clearly other Salmonella strains should be able to transfer expression plasmids as well. Transfer of DNA is effected most likely by bacterial death within the host cell resulting from metabolic attenuation. Since these bacteria remain in the phagocytic vacuole it is unclear how the DNA from such dying bacteria is delivered to the nucleus of infected cells. Nevertheless, the efficiency that has been observed was astonishingly high, reaching close to 100% under certain conditions. Gene transfer in vivo was mainly directed towards vaccination strategies either as vaccination against infectious microorganisms or model tumors. Interestingly, in some cases tolerance against autologous antigens could be broken. In general, this type of immunization was more efficacious than either direct application of antigen, vaccination with naked DNA or using the same bacterium as a heterologous carrier expressing the antigen via a prokaryotic promoter. The ease of generating such vehicles for gene transfer combined with technology validated for mass vaccination programs and the efficacy of induction of protective immune responses makes Salmonella as carrier for mucosal DNA vaccination a highly attractive area for further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Weiss
- Molecular Immunology, GBF, German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Garmory HS, Brown KA, Titball RW. Salmonella vaccines for use in humans: present and future perspectives. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2002; 26:339-53. [PMID: 12413664 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been significant progress in the development of attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains as candidate typhoid fever vaccines. In clinical trials these vaccines have been shown to be well tolerated and immunogenic. For example, the attenuated S. enterica var. Typhi strains CVD 908-htrA (aroC aroD htrA), Ty800 (phoP phoQ) and chi4073 (cya crp cdt) are all promising candidate typhoid vaccines. In addition, clinical trials have demonstrated that S. enterica var. Typhi vaccines expressing heterologous antigens, such as the tetanus toxin fragment C, can induce immunity to the expressed antigens in human volunteers. In many cases, the problems associated with expression of antigens in Salmonella have been successfully addressed and the future of Salmonella vaccine development is very promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen S Garmory
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dstl Chemical and Biological Sciences, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK.
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