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Tong Y, Yi SC, Liu SY, Xu L, Qiu ZX, Zeng DQ, Tang WW. Bruceine D may affect the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis by acting on ADTs thus inhibiting Bidens pilosa L. seed germination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113943. [PMID: 35999761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bruceine D is a natural quassinoid, which was successfully isolated in our research group from the residue of Brucea javanica (L.) seeds. Our previous research showed that Bruceine D prevented Bidens pilosa L. seed germination by suppressing the activity of key enzymes and the expression levels of key genes involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. In this study, integrated analyses of non-targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic were performed. A total of 356 different accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that most of these DAMs were involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The decreased expression of ADTs and content of L-phenylalanine implicates that Bruceine D may suppress the downstream phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway by disrupting primary metabolism, that is, the phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway, thus inhibiting the final products, resulting in the interruption of B. pilosa seed germination. These results suggest that Bruceine D may inhibit the B. pilosa seed germination by suppressing phenylpropanoid biosynthesis through acting on ADTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Chi Yi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Xun Qiu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Qiang Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wei Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Abou Baker DH, Ibrahim BM, Abdel-Latif Y, Hassan NS, Hassan EM, El Gengaihi S. Biochemical and pharmacological prospects of Citrus sinensis peel. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09979. [PMID: 36039135 PMCID: PMC9418229 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcer and hepatotoxicity due to irrational drug overuse are two of the most serious conditions associated with inflammation and oxidative stress that affect the digestive system. This study aimed to experimentally evaluate the hepatoprotective/gastroprotective effects of aqueous and butanol citrus peel extracts and hesperidin in rat models of ulcer and hepatotoxicity. Acute toxicity study was performed for determining the safe dose of citrus extracts to analyze efficacy. In the experiments on hepatoprotective and gastroprotective effects, rats were classified into nine groups in each experiment: (1) negative control, (2) positive control hepatotoxic model with paracetamol (640 mg/kg)/gastric ulcer model:ethanol 70% (1 ml), (3)reference hepatoprotective:silymarin (25 mg/kg)/gastroprotective:ranitidine (50 mg/kg), and (4-9) groups treated for 2 weeks before induction of each disease with either citrus aqueous or butanol extracts or hesperidin (125-250 mg/kg). Drugs, ethanol, or tested compounds were administered orally. The levels of biochemical parameters, such as AST, ALT, NO, MDA, CRP, and ILβ6, were significantly reduced, but CAT level was increased. Postmortem examination of liver and stomach tissues of treated animals revealed marked improvement compared with positive control animals. Hesperidin exerted the best hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gastroprotective effects, followed by butanol and then aqueous citrus peel extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha H. Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt
| | - Bassant M.M. Ibrahim
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abdel-Latif
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6th October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nabila S. Hassan
- Pathology Department, Medical Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt
| | - Emad M. Hassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt
| | - Souad El Gengaihi
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt,Corresponding author.
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Chao J, Chen TY, Pao LH, Deng JS, Cheng YC, Su SY, Huang SS. Ethnobotanical Survey on Bitter Tea in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:816029. [PMID: 35250565 PMCID: PMC8894760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.816029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological evidence: In Taiwan, herbal tea is considered a traditional medicine and has been consumed for hundreds of years. In contrast to regular tea, herbal teas are prepared using plants other than the regular tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. Bitter tea (kǔ-chá), a series of herbal teas prepared in response to common diseases in Taiwan, is often made from local Taiwanese plants. However, the raw materials and formulations have been kept secret and verbally passed down by store owners across generations without a fixed recipe, and the constituent plant materials have not been disclosed. Aim of the study: The aim was to determine the herbal composition of bitter tea sold in Taiwan, which can facilitate further studies on pharmacological applications and conserve cultural resources. Materials and methods: Interviews were conducted through a semi-structured questionnaire. The surveyed respondents were traditional sellers of traditional herbal tea. The relevant literature was collated for a systematic analysis of the composition, characteristics, and traditional and modern applications of the plant materials used in bitter tea. We also conducted an association analysis of the composition of Taiwanese bitter tea with green herb tea (qing-cao-cha tea), another commonly consumed herbal tea in Taiwan, as well as herbal teas in neighboring areas outside Taiwan. Results: After visiting a total of 59 stores, we identified 32 bitter tea formulations and 73 plant materials. Asteraceae was the most commonly used family, and most stores used whole plants. According to a network analysis of nine plant materials used in high frequency as drug pairs, Tithonia diversifolia and Ajuga nipponensis were found to be the core plant materials used in Taiwanese bitter tea. Conclusion: Plant materials used in Taiwanese bitter tea were distinct, with multiple therapeutic functions. Further research is required to clarify their efficacy and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Chao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Master Program for Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yang Chen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shan-Yu Su, ; Shyh-Shyun Huang,
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shan-Yu Su, ; Shyh-Shyun Huang,
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Kumadoh D, Archer MA, Yeboah GN, Kyene MO, Boakye-Yiadom M, Adi-Dako O, Osei-Asare C, Adase E, Appiah AA, Mintah SO. A review on anti-peptic ulcer activities of medicinal plants used in the formulation of Enterica, Dyspepsia and NPK 500 capsules. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08465. [PMID: 34917789 PMCID: PMC8645450 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease affects many people globally. With the increasing resistance to some orthodox antibiotics such as Clarithromycin and Metronidazole, it is important that new acceptable, safer and effective therapies are developed to manage this disease. Various herbal medicines have been used traditionally for the remedy of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), however scientific information with regards to their anti-peptic ulcer both in-vivo and in-vitro as well as clinical studies supporting their use is still inadequate. The Centre for Plant Medicine Research, (CPMR) Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana manufactures three herbal Products namely Enterica, Dyspepsia and NPK 500 capsules which are currently used for the remedy of PUD as a triple therapy at its out-patient clinic with promising effects. The aim of this review is to gather information from literature on the anti-ulcer properties, pharmacological, phytochemical constituents and related activities of herbal plants used at the CPMR for formulation of the triple herbal therapy. This review may, provide some scientific bases for the use of Enterica, Dyspepsia and NPK 500 capsules in the management of Peptic ulcer at the CPMR out-patient clinic. METHODS Organization for the review involved the on and/or offline search for information from available literature using electronic data and scientific research information resources such as PubMed, Science Direct and Google scholar. RESULTS In this review, fifteen ethno-medicinal plants used for the formulation of Enterica, Dyspepsia and NPK capsules have been discussed, presenting the description of the plants, composition and pharmacological activity. INTERPRETATION Tables with the summary of reviewed medicinal plants with their anti-ulcer models and inference on possible mechanisms of action were drawn up. The mechanism(s) of action of individual plants and products (Enterica, Dyspepsia and NPK 500 capsules) must be further investigated and established experimentally in-vitro in addition to in-vivo pharmacological and clinical activity studies to confirm their use in the remedy of PUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Kumadoh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
- Department of Production, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Mary-Ann Archer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Genevieve N. Yeboah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Michael O. Kyene
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Mavis Boakye-Yiadom
- Department of Clinical Research, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Ofosua Adi-Dako
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Christina Osei-Asare
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, Central University College, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Adase
- Department of Production, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Alfred A. Appiah
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Susana O. Mintah
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
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Huang SS, Chen TY, Deng JS, Pao LH, Cheng YC, Chao J. An Ethnobotanical Study on Qīng-Căo-Chá Tea in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:931. [PMID: 32670061 PMCID: PMC7329985 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal tea, a beverage prepared from a variety of plant materials excluding the leaves of the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze of the family Theaceae, for a long time, has been consumed by most Chinese people for preventive and/or therapeutic health care. Usually, it is brewed or prepared as a decoction of local plants in water. The qīng-căo-chá tea, a commercial herbal tea, is the most common among many differently formulated herbal teas in Taiwan. For hundreds of years, qīng-căo-chá tea has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with the environmental conditions in Taiwan. However, research studies in this field have been insufficient. The raw material formulas of qīng-căo-chá tea have always been passed down from “masters” to “apprentices.” Hence, there is no systematic collation or record, and, therefore, there is a need to assess and confirm the composition, safety, and effectiveness of the raw materials. This study aimed to document the uses of Taiwan's qīng-căo-chá tea through a semi-structured interview survey and investigate the background of traditional practitioners, tea compositions, and plant origins and uses. This will improve our understanding of the knowledge inherited by the practitioners and the theoretical basis of the medicinal uses of these teas. In our field investigation, we visited 86 shops and assessed 71 raw ingredients of qīng-căo-chá tea. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct the interviews. During the interviews, in addition to written records, audio and video recordings were made, and photographs were taken with the permission of the interviewees. The qīng-căo-chá raw materials have long been used as herbal teas, although more research should clarify their efficacy and safety. Traditional sellers of qīng-căo-chá tea were mainly males, and most shops have been in operation for more than 71 years. Some of the raw materials were derived from multiple sources, including different plants, and were often mixed without any safety concerns. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic ethnobotanical study on qīng-căo-chá tea that assesses and confirms its herbal ingredients. Our study represents a reference for herbal teas in Taiwan that can be used by the public and regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jung Chao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu J, Yi J, Wu Y, Chen X, Zeng J, Wu J, Peng W. 3, 3-Dimethylquercetin Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Colon Cancer RKO Cells through Inducing G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:402-409. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181106120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Our previous study successfully identified that 3,3-Dimethylquercetin (DMQ) acted
as a potent anticancer agent against human colon cancer cell lines RKO. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate
the underlying mechanism by which DMQ displayed inhibitory activity in RKO cells.
Methods:
Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the effect of DMQ on the cell cycle arrest, as well as the mitochondrial
membrane potential in RKO cells. DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation ladder assays were performed
to assess the apoptosis inducing activity of DMQ. Furthermore, western blot analysis was conducted to
examine the expression of related proteins responsible for the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
Results:
Treatment with DMQ caused a significant increase in the fraction of G2/M cells, and induced remarkable
apoptosis. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that DMQ arrested cells at G2/M checkpoint by
down-regulation of cyclin B1, cdc2 and cdc25c and up-regulation of p21, and induced cell apoptosis via affecting
the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, causing loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing the expression
of cleaved caspase-9 (C-caspase-9) and cleaved caspase-3 (C-caspase-3).
Conclusion:
These data showed that DMQ could suppress RKO cell growth by arresting RKO cells at G2/M
checkpoint and inducing mitochondria-dependent cell apoptosis. Our findings shed light on the potential use of
DMQ as a chemotherapeutic agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Fujian Institute of Education, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xuzheng Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianwei Zeng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jinzhong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
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Moharram FAE, Al-Gendy AA, El-Shenawy SM, Ibrahim BM, Zarka MA. Phenolic profile, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-ulcerogenic and hepatoprotective activities of Pimenta racemosa leaves. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:208. [PMID: 29976187 PMCID: PMC6034294 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pimenta racemosa tree has many traditional uses where its leaves are used as herbal tea for treatment of flatulence, gastric disorder, osteoarthritis, colds and fever in addition to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. So, this study aimed to isolate phenolic constituents of 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) of leaves and evaluate its biological activities. METHODS The defatted AME was chromatographed and structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using UV, NMR spectroscopy and UPLC-ESI-MS analysis. Antioxidant activity was investigated using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan - induced paw oedema, while antinociceptive activity was determined by chemical and thermal stimuli. Anti-ulcerogenic effect of AME against gastric damage induced by ethanol in Wister male albino rats was evaluated. Also, hepatoprotective activity was investigated through determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) following oral administration of paracetamol. Both of Anti-ulcerogenic and hepatoprotective activities (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt.) were supported by histopathological examinations. RESULTS Gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), avicularin (3), quercetin 3-O-β-D-arbinopyranoside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetrin (6), cynaroside (7), strictinin (8), castalagin (9), grandinin (10) quercetin (11) and ellagic acid (12) were isolated. AME showed significant radical scavenging activity (SC50 = 4.6 μg/mL), promising anti-inflammatory effect through inhibition of oedema and antinociceptive activity by reduction in number of writhes after acetic acid injection and prolongation of reaction time towards the thermal stimulus. AME reduced the gastric mucosal lesions compared with ethanol control and ranitidine groups, ALT at the three doses and AST only at 125 and 250 mg/kg b.wt., when compared with paracetamol group. The results were confirmed by histopathological studies. CONCLUSION P. racemosa leaves are rich in phenolic compounds and showed significant biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amal Amin Al-Gendy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | | | - Bassant M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Zarka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern Sciences and Arts University, 6 October City, Egypt
- Present Address: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
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Ibrahim BM, Salama AA, Abdallah HM, El Awdan SA, Shaffie NM. Study of the Protective Effects of Flaxseed Oil on Ethanol Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions in Non Ovariectomized and Ovariectomized Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.329.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xuan TD, Khanh TD. Chemistry and pharmacology of Bidens pilosa: an overview. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016; 46:91-132. [PMID: 32226639 PMCID: PMC7099298 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. is an edible herb and has been traditionally used for a wide range of ailments in many countries. The aim of this review is to present comprehensive information of the chemical constituents, nutraceutical and ethnomedical uses as well as the biological and pharmacological effects and toxicity of this plant based on 218 literary sources reported over 40 years. Major chemical constituents (including 301 compounds) belonging to polyacetylenes, polyacetylene glycosides, flavonoids, flavone glycosides, aurones, chalcones, okanin glycosides, phenolic acids, terpenes, pheophytins, fatty acids and phytosterols have been identified or isolated from the different parts of this plant. Many of them have been considered as the bioactive compounds which are potentially responsible for the pharmacological actions. Various types of preparations, extracts and individual compounds derived from this plant have been found to possess biological and pharmacological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-allergy, anti-hypertensive and smooth muscle relaxant, anti-cancerogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant. The results of data analysis on the chemicals, pharmacological and toxicological characteristics of B. pilosa validate the view of its folk worldwide-medicinal uses. This herb has a great beneficial therapeutic property and is possibly used for complement or alternative to pharmaceutical drugs in some specific cases. However, this herb is known as hyperaccumulator and as-excluder; therefore, harvesting the herb for medicinal uses should be judiciously cautioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Dang Xuan
- 2Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Kayamiyama 1-5-1, Higashihiroshima, 739-8529 Japan
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de Ávila PHM, de Ávila RI, Dos Santos Filho EX, Cunha Bastos CC, Batista AC, Mendonça EF, Serpa RC, Marreto RN, da Cruz AF, Lima EM, Valadares MC. Mucoadhesive formulation of Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) reduces intestinal injury from 5-fluorouracil-induced mucositis in mice. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:563-573. [PMID: 28962391 PMCID: PMC5598237 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal mucositis induced during cancer treatment is considered a serious dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Frequently, interruption of the cancer treatment due to this pathology leads to a reduction in cure rates, increase of treatment costs and decrease life quality of the patient. Natural products such as Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), represent a potential alternative for the treatment of mucositis given its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, B. pilosa glycolic extract was formulated (BPF) with poloxamer, a mucoadhesive copolymer, was used for treatment of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis in mice. As expected, animals only treated with 5-FU (200 mg/kg) presented marked weight loss, reduction of intestinal villi, crypts and muscular layer, which was associated with severe disruption of crypts, edema, inflammatory infiltrate and vacuolization in the intestinal tissue, as compared to the control group and healthy animals only treated with BPF. On the other hand, the treatment of intestinal mucositis-bearing mice with BPF (75, 100 or 125 mg/kg) managed to mitigate clinical and pathologic changes, noticeably at 100 mg/kg. This dose led to the restoration of intestinal proliferative activity through increasing Ki-67 levels; modulated the expression of Bax, Bcl2 and p53 apoptotic markers protecting intestinal cells from cell death. Moreover, this treatment regulated lipid peroxidation and inflammatory infiltration. No acute toxic effects were observed with this formulation. This work demonstrated that BPF was safe and effective against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Additional studies are already in progress to further characterize the mechanisms involved in the protective effects of this technological formulation toward the development of a new medicine for the prevention and treatment of intestinal injury in patients undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Marcelino de Ávila
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Renato Ivan de Ávila
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Edvande Xavier Dos Santos Filho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Carla Caroline Cunha Bastos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Raphael Caixeta Serpa
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Andrezza Furquim da Cruz
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Eliana Martins Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Fahmy HA, Ismail AFM. Gastroprotective effect of kefir on ulcer induced in irradiated rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 144:85-93. [PMID: 25728227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the protective effect of kefir milk on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in γ-irradiated rats. The results of the present study revealed that treatment with γ-irradiation and/or ethanol showed a significant increase in ulcers number, total acidity, peptic, H(+)K(+)ATPase, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and MDA level, which were accompanied by a significant decrease in the mucus content, the stomach GSH level, the GSH-Px activity and DNA damage. Pre-treatment with kefir milk exert significant improvement in all the tested parameters. Kefir milk exerts comparable effect to that of the antiulcer drug ranitidine. In conclusion, the present study revealed that oral administration of kefir milk prevents ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in γ-irradiated rats that could attribute to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and radio-protective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan A Fahmy
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amel F M Ismail
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
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12
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Pan HC, Jiang Q, Yu Y, Mei JP, Cui YK, Zhao WJ. Quercetin promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits the expression of MMP-9 and fibronectin via the AKT and ERK signalling pathways in human glioma cells. Neurochem Int 2015; 80:60-71. [PMID: 25481090 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and malignant primary brain tumours and are associated with a poor prognosis despite the availability of multiple therapeutic options. Quercetin, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is an important flavonoid and has anti-cancer activity. Here, we evaluated whether quercetin could inhibit glioma cell viability and migration and promote apoptosis. The treatment of U87-MG glioblastoma and U251 and SHG44 glioma cell lines with different concentrations of quercetin inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Wound healing assays indicated that quercetin significantly decreased glioma cell migration. β-galactosidase staining, DNA staining and Annexin V-EGF/PI double staining assays demonstrated that quercetin promoted cell senescence and apoptosis. In addition, the protein levels of p-AKT, p-ERK, Bcl-2, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and fibronectin (FN) were significantly reduced following quercetin treatment. Therefore, we conclude that quercetin might inhibit the viability and migration and promote the senescence and apoptosis of glioma cells by suppressing the Ras/MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Quercetin might be a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chao Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Ping Mei
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yu-Kun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei-Jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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13
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Inhibitory effects of quercetin on angiogenesis in larval zebrafish and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 723:360-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Im WJ, Nam Y, Park SY, Sohn UD. Gastroprotective effect of the three glucuronopyranoside flavonoids in rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:411-5. [PMID: 24227941 PMCID: PMC3823953 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.5.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the protective action of glucuronopyranoside flavonoids (QGC, AGC, LGC) on gastritis in rats. QGC, AGC and omeprazole decreased the gastric volume significantly, and each ID50 was 0.75, 0.54 and 8.5 mg/kg, respectively, thus the order of potency was AGC, QGC and omeprazole. They also decreased acid output, and each ID50 was 7.81, 0.58 and 6.71 mg/kg, respectively, thus the order of potency was AGC, omeprazole and QGC. They inhibited gastritis induced by indomethacin, and it recovered significantly by increasing the GSH levels in gastritis. The gastric MPO activity in the gastritis group increased more than in the normal group. QGC, LGC, or AGC administration reduced moderately the MPO activity in a dose-dependent manner. This study demonstrated that AGC, QGC, or LGC showed potent efficacy on the gastritis, by preventing oxidative stress. These results suggest that QGC, AGC, or LGC have gastroprotective effect in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wi Joon Im
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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15
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16
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Mahmoud MF, Hassan NA, El Bassossy HM, Fahmy A. Quercetin protects against diabetes-induced exaggerated vasoconstriction in rats: effect on low grade inflammation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63784. [PMID: 23717483 PMCID: PMC3661670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Quercetin is an important flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Here, the effect of quercetin on diabetes-induced exaggerated vasoconstriction in insulin deficient and insulin resistant rat models was investigated. Insulin deficiency was induced by streptozotocin while, insulin resistance by fructose. Rats were left 8 weeks or 12 weeks after STZ or fructose administration respectively. Quercetin was daily administered in the last 6 weeks. Then, tail blood pressure (BP) was recorded in conscious animals; concentration-response curves for phenylephrine (PE) and KCl were studied in thoracic aorta rings. Non-fasting blood glucose level, serum insulin level, insulin resistance index, serum tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) was assessed by immunofluorescence technique. Histopathological examination was also performed. The results showed that quercetin protected against diabetes-induced exaggerated vasoconstriction and reduced the elevated blood pressure. In addition, quercetin inhibited diabetes associated adventitial leukocyte infiltration, endothelial pyknosis and increased collagen deposition. These effects were accompanied with reduction in serum level of both TNF-α and CRP and inhibition of aortic NF-κB by quercetin in both models of diabetes. On the other hand, quercetin did not affect glucose level in any of the used diabetic models. This suggests that the protective effect of quercetin is mediated by its anti-inflammatory effect rather than its metabolic effects. In summary, quercetin is potential candidate to prevent diabetic vascular complications in both insulin deficiency and resistance via its inhibitory effect on inflammatory pathways especially NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Vieira AED, Araujo GL, Galassi CM, Rodrigues RF, Cassalli GD, Kaiser M, Dalla Costa T, Beraldo H, Tagliati CA. Toxicological, toxicokinetic and gastroprotective evaluation of the benzaldehyde semicarbazone. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:434-43. [PMID: 23391596 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Benzaldehyde semicarbazone (BS) has presented positive results in several pharmacological models, including anticonvulsivant and anti-inflammatory models. The present study evaluated the preclinical toxicity (acute and subchronic), as well as the toxicokinetic and gastroprotective effects of BS against ethanol lesions. Oral doses of 300 and 2000mg/kg were used in the preclinical acute toxicity study; 100, 200, and 300mg/kg were used in both the subchronic toxicity evaluation and the gastric study; and 300mg/kg was used in the toxicokinetic study. No impact from the dose of 300mg/kg could be identified; while, one animal died at 2000mg/kg in the acute toxicity test. In the subchronic toxicity test, changes in the biochemical parameters of the liver, as well as in the histopatological evaluation, demonstrated that BS is a hepatotoxic drug. BS proved to be effective for moderate and severe gastric lesions. In the toxicokinetics study, BS presented a low concentration and rapid plasma disappearance. Several results also indicate that BS is likely to be mostly eliminated from the liver and may well undergo a first-pass effect after oral absorption. It was impossible to estimate the noobserved-adverse-effect-levels (NOAEL) and lowest-observed-adverse-effect-levels (LOAEL) due to the presence of hepatotoxicity in all tested doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E D Vieira
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Experimental, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas da Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Extraction of antioxidant components from Bidens pilosa flowers and their uptake by human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Molecules 2013; 18:1582-601. [PMID: 23353127 PMCID: PMC6269719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18021582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. var. radiata (BPR, Asteraceae) is a commonly used folk medicine for treating various disorders such as diabetes, inflammation and hypertension. Recent studies to determine its chemical composition have revealed three di-O-caffeoylquinic acids (DiCQAs) and three polyacetylene glucosides (PGAs) to be among the major bioactive markers. To obtain the major compounds of these two chemical classes, the ethyl acetate fraction (EM) obtained using liquid-liquid partition from the methanol extract resulted in a fraction with the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities in radical scavenging and ferric reducing power assays. To assess the bioavailability of EM, we examined the in vitro uptake using the Caco-2 human colonic cell line. The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) for each of the compounds within PGAs measured in both apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) and BL to AP was found to preferentially appear BL to AP direction, indicated that a basolateral to apical efflux system was detected in the study. DiCQAs had a lower efflux ratio than those from PGAs (2.32–3.67 vs. 6.03–78.36). Thus, it strongly implies that most of the DiCQAs are better absorbed than the PGAs.
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Gastroprotective and toxicological evaluation of the Lithothamnion calcareum algae. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1399-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Das AK, Bigoniya P, Verma NK, Rana AC. Gastroprotective effect of Achyranthes aspera Linn. leaf on rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2012; 5:197-201. [PMID: 22305784 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(12)60024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was aimed at evaluating the antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Achyranthes aspera (EEAA) leaf. METHODS The anti-ulcer assays were performed on pylorus ligation and chronic ethanol induced ulcer model. The effects of the EEAA on gastric content volume, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index were evaluated. RESULTS The percentage of ulcer protection (59.55% and 35.58%) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the groups treated with the high dose of EEAA (600 mg/kg), it also reduced the volume of gastric juice and total acidity whereas, gastric pH was increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show significant gastroprotective activity of EEAA may be due to presence of phyto-constituents like flavanoids, saponins and tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish K Das
- Department of Pharmacology, Radharaman College of Pharmacy, MP, India
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21
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Investigation of the extracts from Bidens pilosa Linn. var. radiata Sch. Bip. for antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity against human tumor cells. J Nat Med 2012; 67:17-26. [PMID: 22382861 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines of extracts from Bidens pilosa Linn. var. radiata Sch. Bip. (BP). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of different polarity fractions extracted from BP were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging test and FRAP assay. The ethyl acetate fraction (EE-BP) showed the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions. In addition, the anti-proliferative activities of the extracts on four human tumor cells, namely MCF-7, HepG2, MGC 803 and RKO, were investigated by MTT method. The EE-BP displayed the most remarkable anti-proliferative effect against the tumor cells, particularly RKO cell in dose- and time-dependent manner. The antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity correlated highly with the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, respectively. Furthermore, The active ingredient BP-6, namely 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-flavonol, was isolated and purified with the purity above 99.00% and content of 0.15% in EE-BP detected by HPLC, which could significantly inhibit the proliferation of RKO cells with the IC(50) value of 6.66 μmol/l. In order to characterize the apoptotic RKO cells, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assay were performed. Apoptotic cell numbers increased in a dose-dependent manner after the treatment with different concentrations of EE-BP and BP-6 for 12 and 6 h, respectively. DNA ladders in apoptotic RKO cells could be easily visualized when exposed to 200 μg/ml of the EE-BP for 36 h. Taken together, our work indicated that BP had potentially therapeutic value against colorectal cancer.
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Lee JM, Im WJ, Nam YJ, Oh KH, Lim JC, Whang WK, Sohn UD. Acute Toxicity and General Pharmacological Action of QGC EXT. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 16:49-57. [PMID: 22416220 PMCID: PMC3298826 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that QGC isolated and purified from Rumecis folium found protective effects of gastritis and esophagitis which EXT is an ethanol extract of it. We examined acute toxicity and the general pharmacological action of QGC EXT to search for any side effects of it in rats, mice, guinea pigs, and cats. In a single dose toxicity study, QGC EXT didn't show toxicological effects in rats and mice, and the LD50 was over 5 g/kg in both animals, and there were also no changes in weight, feed and water intake during these toxicological experimental periods. We examined the general pharmacological action on central controlled behavior responses, and peripheral organs including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and gastrointestinal system, We found that there were no significant changes in body temperature, locomotors activity, stereotyped behaviors, sleeping time, and convulsion. In other studies, writhing reaction, normal body temperature, there did not appear to be any changes. The large intestine movement and electrical field stimulation-induced contraction was not changes by its EXT. In addition, the influences on blood pressure, heart rates, and respiration by QGC EXT were not found. These results indicate that QGC EXT may be very safe as a new drug, since its LD50 was very high over 5 g/kg and any side effects were not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Mi Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Sumbul S, Ahmad MA, Mohd A, Mohd A. Role of phenolic compounds in peptic ulcer: An overview. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011; 3:361-7. [PMID: 21966156 PMCID: PMC3178942 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.84437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer is the most common gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorder in clinical practice, which affects approximately 5-10% of the people during their life. The use of herbal drugs for the prevention and treatment of various diseases is constantly developing throughout the world. This is particularly true with regard to phenolic compounds that probably constitute the largest group of plants secondary metabolites. Phenolic compounds have attracted special attention due to their health-promoting characteristics. In the past ten years a large number of the studies have been carried out on the effects of phenolic compounds on human health. Many studies have been carried out that strongly support the contribution of polyphenols to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes mellitus, and suggest a role in the prevention of peptic ulcer. Polyphenols display a number of pharmacological properties in the GIT area, acting as antisecretory, cytoprotective, and antioxidant agents. The antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds have been widely studied, but it has become clear that their mechanisms of action go beyond the modulation of oxidative stress. Various polyphenolic compounds have been reported for their anti-ulcerogenic activity with a good level of gastric protection. Besides their action as gastroprotective, these phenolic compounds can be an alternative for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Therefore, considering the important role of polyphenolic compounds in the prevention or reduction of gastric lesions induced by different ulcerogenic agents, in this review, we have summarized the literature on some potent antiulcer plants, such as, Oroxylum indicum, Zingiber officinale, Olea europaea L., Foeniculum vulgare, Alchornea glandulosa, Tephrosia purpurea, and so on, containing phenolic compounds, namely, baicalein, cinnamic acid, oleuropein, rutin, quercetin, and tephrosin, respectively, as active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Sumbul
- Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), Faculty of Unani Medicine, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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Compilation of secondary metabolites from Bidens pilosa L. Molecules 2011; 16:1070-102. [PMID: 21270729 PMCID: PMC6259624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16021070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. is a cosmopolitan annual herb, known for its traditional use in treating various diseases and thus much studied for the biological activity of its extracts, fractions and isolated compounds. Polyacetylenes and flavonoids, typical metabolite classes in the Bidens genus, predominate in the phytochemistry of B. pilosa. These classes of compounds have great taxonomic significance. In the Asteraceae family, the acetylene moiety is widely distributed in the Heliantheae tribe and some representatives, such as 1-phenylhepta-1,3,5-triyne, are noted for their biological activity and strong long-wave UV radiation absorbance. The flavonoids, specifically aurones and chalcones, have been reported as good sub-tribal level markers. Natural products from several other classes have also been isolated from different parts of B. pilosa. This review summarizes the available information on the 198 natural products isolated to date from B. pilosa.
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Mota CS, Freitas RB, Athayde ML, Boligon AA, Augusti PR, Somacal S, Rocha MP, Bauermann LF. Effect of Vernonia cognata on oxidative damage induced by ethanol in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:675-84. [PMID: 20634228 DOI: 10.1177/0960327110377646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals production and oxidative stress play a central role in injuries caused by ethanol (EtOH) on gastric mucosal. Thus, strategies to counteract EtOH toxicity are highly desirable. This study was aimed at evaluating whether Vernonia cognata extract would reduce EtOH effects in rats. Rats received Vernonia cognata extract (0, 1 and 2 g/kg bw, by gavage) 1 hour after EtOH had been administered (0 or 70%, 0.5 mL/100 g bw, by gavage) and were killed 1 hour after Vernonia cognata extract administration. The stomach was removed for macroscopic and histopathological evaluation, as well as, oxidative stress markers such as lipoperoxidation (LPO) and non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. EtOH acute exposure increased LPO and decreased NPSH levels and CAT activity along with macroscopic and microscopic lesions in gastric tissue, confirming the involvement of oxidative stress in EtOH toxicity. Vernonia cognata extract attenuated oxidative and histopathological features induced by EtOH at all evaluated doses. Moreover, both studied doses of Vernonia cognata extract caused an increase in NPSH levels per se. However, only the dose of 2 g/kg reverted all macroscopic changes caused by EtOH toxicity. The protective effect of the extract could be attributed to antioxidant molecules present in the extract, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thus, an antioxidant effect of the extract leads to a protection on gastric tissue. Our results indicate that Vernonia cognata hydroethanolic extract could have a beneficial role against EtOH toxicity by preventing oxidative stress and gastric tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Mota
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences/Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Zhong MM, Chen FH, Yuan LP, Wang XH, Wu FR, Yuan FL, Cheng WM. Protective effect of total flavonoids from Bidens bipinnata L. against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:1017-25. [PMID: 17637198 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.7.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bidens bipinnata L. is well known in China as a traditional Chinese medicine. This study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the total flavonoids of B. bipinnata L. (TFB) against carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute liver injury in mice and to determine its mechanism of action. Oral administration of TFB at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg−1 for 7 days significantly reduced the elevated relative values of liver weight, serum transaminases (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) and the hepatic morphologic changes induced by CCl4 in mice. In addition, TFB markedly inhibited CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, pretreatment with TFB suppressed nitric oxide production and nuclear factor-kB activation in CCl4-treated mice. The results suggest that TFB has significant hepatoprotective activity and its mechanism is related, at least in part, to its antioxidant properties. Further research is required to investigate the detailed mechanism of the protective effect of TFB on acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-mei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, China
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Abdallah DM. Nicotinamide alleviates indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers: a novel antiulcer agent. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 627:276-80. [PMID: 19857487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 09/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), is an essential nutrient for cell growth that participates in DNA repair and energy production. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastropathy is an intricate process involving gastric mucus depletion, increased microvascular permeability, nitric oxide imbalance, as well as free radical production. The present study was conducted to test for the possible gastroprotective effect of nicotinamide utilizing an acute indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. Sucralfate possesses antiulcer/antioxidant properties; hence it was used as the reference drug. Indomethacin resulted in hemorrhagic mucosal lesions, increased microvascular permeability, and reduced the gastric mucosal contents of nitric oxide and mucus. Moreover, it produced an imbalance in the mucosal redox state as indicated by a decline of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase, which were associated with increased lipid peroxides. Comparable to sucralfate, nicotinamide markedly decreased the severity of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions and restored the levels of altered biochemical parameters. Gastroprotection afforded by nicotinamide is possibly mediated by conservation of gastric mucus, as well as nitric oxide contents, enhanced gastric microvascular permeability, and its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Shine VJ, Latha PG, Shyamal S, Suja SR, Anuja GI, Sini S, Pradeep S, Rajasekharan S. Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thoms. in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 125:350-355. [PMID: 19397987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thoms. (Menispermaceae), locally called 'Padathaali/Padakizhangu' is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat peptic ulcer. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activity of Cyclea peltata. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanolic extract of Cyclea peltata root was used to evaluate its gastric antisecretory and antiulcer effect in the pylorus-ligated rat model and gastric lesions induced by ethanol or ethanol and indomethacin respectively in rats. The levels of gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH), malondialdehyde, protein and catalase activity in the stomach samples of Cyclea peltata treated and control groups of rats were also quantified. RESULTS The ethanolic extract of Cyclea peltata roots showed significant antisecretory activity as evidenced by decreased pepsin secretion, gastric juice volume and acid output in pylorus-ligated rats. Pretreatment with Cyclea peltata extract provided significant protection against the peptic ulceration caused by ethanol administered individually, or in combination with indomethacin. Our studies also revealed that pretreatment with Cyclea peltata significantly increased the gastric protein and catalase concentration of ethanol treated rats. Further, it showed significant gastroprotective effects on the stomach wall of ethanol or ethanol and indomethacin treated rats by decreasing malondialdehyde level, increasing the gastric wall mucus and non-protein sulfhydryl groups. CONCLUSION The present findings demonstrate that Cyclea peltata ethanolic extract has potent antisecretory and antiulcer effects and justify the traditional/ethnic usage of this herb to treat peptic ulcers and consequent stomach ache.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Shine
- Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Trivandrum 695 562, India
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Min YS, Lee SE, Hong ST, Kim HS, Choi BC, Sim SS, Whang WK, Sohn UD. The Inhibitory Effect of Quercetin-3-O-beta-D-Glucuronopyranoside on Gastritis and Reflux Esophagitis in Rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 13:295-300. [PMID: 19885013 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It was evaluated the inhibitory action of quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) on reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats. QGC was isolated from the herba of Rumex Aquaticus. Reflux esophagitis or gastritis was induced surgically or by administering indomethacin, respectively. Oral QGC decreased ulcer index, injury area, gastric volume, and acid output and increased gastric pH as compared with quercetin. Furthermore, QGC significantly decreased gastric lesion sizes induced by exposing the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. Malondialdehyde levels were found to increase significantly after inducing reflux esophagitis, and were reduced by QGC, but not by quercetin or omeprazole. These results show that QGC can inhibit reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sil Min
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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31
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Mard SA, Bahari Z, Eshaghi N, Farbood Y. Antiulcerogenic effect of Securigera securidaca L. seed extract on various experimental gastric ulcer models in rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2008; 11:2619-2623. [PMID: 19630213 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.2619.2623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Securigera securidaca belongs to the family Fabaceae is used in Iranian folk medicine to treat gastric disturbances. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the Securigera securidaca seed hydroalcoholic extract (SSE) and its subfractions for their gastroprotective effect in rat. Acute gastric ulceration in rats was produced by oral administration of ethanol (100%; 1 mL/200 g of body weight) or water immersion restraint-stress (5 h, water immersion restraint stress at 20-22 degrees C). Ranitidine (100 mg kg(-1), p.o.) was used as the reference antiulcer drug. After ethanol administration, the gastric wall mucus was examined. Chronic gastric ulceration was produced by injection of acetic acid in rat gastric subserosa. The antisecretory effect of the extract and its subfractions (ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous fractions) were investigated in pylorus-ligated rats. Administration of SSE significantly inhibited gastric mucosa damage induced by ethanol, water immersion restraint-stress and acetic acid in a dose-dependent manner. In pylorus ligature rats, SSE and its subfractions significantly reduced the basal gastric acid secretion and total acidity; moreover, it inhibited the increase in total acidity induced by carbachol. However, the antisecretory effect of the chloroform fraction was more potent than two other fractions. Administration of SSE did not affect the gastric mucus production. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the SSE has gastroprotective and antisecretory effects on gastric mucosa in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Mard
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, The School of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapoor University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
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Yuan LP, Chen FH, Ling L, Dou PF, Bo H, Zhong MM, Xia LJ. Protective effects of total flavonoids of Bidens pilosa L. (TFB) on animal liver injury and liver fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 116:539-546. [PMID: 18313245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Revised: 12/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective effects of total flavonoids of Bidens pilosa L. (TFB), a traditional Chinese medicine were evaluated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver injury in mice and rats. Total flavonoids of Bidens pilosa L. (25, 50 and 100mg/kg) were administered via gavage daily for 10 days to CCl(4)-treated mice as well as TFB (30, 60 and 90mg/kg) administered for 6 weeks to CCl(4)-treated rats. Liver index (liver weight/body weight), serum levels of transaminases (alanine aminotransferase, ALT and aspartate aminotransferase, AST), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were evaluated following the 10 days treatment in mice. In addition histopathologic changes and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression of the liver were detected with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry methods, respectively. The results showed that TFB (50 and 100mg/kg) effectively reduced the CCl(4)-induced elevated liver index, serum ALT, AST levels, hepatic MDA content, and restored hepatic SOD, GSH-Px activities in acute liver injury mice. TFB (60 and 90mg/kg) treatment significantly inhibited NF-kappaB activation in liver fibrosis of rats. The histopathological analysis suggested that TFB reduced the degree of liver injury in mice and severity of liver fibrosis in rats. These results suggested that TFB had a protective and therapeutic effect on animal liver injury, which might be associated with its antioxidant properties and inhibition of NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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33
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Falcão HS, Mariath IR, Diniz MFFM, Batista LM, Barbosa-Filho JM. Plants of the American continent with antiulcer activity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:132-46. [PMID: 17904832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Peptic ulcer is a chronic and appalling disease. Today, it is dominant among the diseases that affect the world's population. The principal factors causing this disease are inadequate dietetic habits, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, stress and infection by Helicobacter pylori, in addition to other factors of genetic origin. The present work is a literature survey of plant extracts from the American continent that have been reported to show antiulcer activity. This review refers to 58 plants with their families, parts used, type of extract used, model bioassays and their activity. This work intends to aid the researchers in the study of natural products appropriate to the treatment of stomach and intestinal diseases, in general, and peptic ulcer in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Falcão
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cx. Postal 5009, 58051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Lans C. Comparison of plants used for skin and stomach problems in Trinidad and Tobago with Asian ethnomedicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2007; 3:3. [PMID: 17207273 PMCID: PMC1781930 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides a preliminary evaluation of fifty-eight ethnomedicinal plants used in Trinidad and Tobago for skin problems, stomach problems, pain and internal parasites for safety and possible efficacy. Thirty respondents, ten of whom were male were interviewed from September 1996 to September 2000 on medicinal plant use for health problems. The respondents were obtained by snowball sampling, and were found in thirteen different sites, 12 in Trinidad and one in Tobago. The uses are compared to those current in Asia. Bambusa vulgaris, Bidens alba, Jatropha curcas, Neurolaena lobata, Peperomia rotundifolia and Phyllanthus urinaria are possibly efficacious for stomach problems, pain and internal parasites. Further scientific study of these plants is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lans
- BCICS, University of Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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35
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Kakub G, Gulfraz M. Cytoprotective effects ofBergenia ciliata Sternb, extract on gastric ulcer in rats. Phytother Res 2007; 21:1217-20. [PMID: 17661334 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bergenia ciliata is used for the treatment of stomach disorders in the folk medicine of some areas of South East Asia. This study was designed to evaluate its gastroprotective effects on ethanol/HCl, indomethacin and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Doses of 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg b/w of the aqueous and methanol extracts of the rhizome were administered 1 h after ulcerogenic treatment. The animals were killed 3 h later, their stomachs removed and the mean area of ulcer lesion was determined. The weight of mucus and gastric acidity were also measured. The aqueous extract decreased the ulcer lesion (p < 0.05) in all models to a greater extent than the methanol extract, but at the higher doses the effect was reduced. In addition, the antiulcer activity appears to be mediated via cytoprotective effects conferred by enhancement of the mucosal barrier, rather than by prevention of gastric acid secretion or the lowering of pH and acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kakub
- University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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36
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Min YS, Yim SH, Bai KL, Choi HJ, Jeong JH, Song HJ, Park SY, Ham I, Whang WK, Sohn UD. The effects of apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside on reflux oesophagitis and gastritis in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 25:85-91. [PMID: 15955027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2005.00332.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
1. This study evaluated the inhibitory action of apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (AGC), apigenin, and omeprazole on reflux oesophagitis and gastritis in rats. AGC was isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum leaves. 2. Oesophagitis and gastritis were induced by surgical procedure and the administration of indomethacin, respectively. The intraduodenal (i.d.) administration of AGC decreased the volume of gastric juice and increased the gastric pH compared with apigenin and omeprazole. The acid output was more inhibited by AGC in a dose-dependent manner than by apigenin and omeprazole. Compared with apigenin and omeprazole, AGC significantly decreased the size of gastric lesions, which were induced by exposure of the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. 3. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased significantly after the induction of reflux oesophagitis. The MDA content was decreased by AGC (i.d. 3 mg kg(-1)), but not by either apigenin or omeprazole. This suggests that AGC has an antioxidative effect. In the oesophagitis group, the mucosal levels of glutathione (GSH) were significantly lower than that in the normal group. However, the GSH levels were preserved after administering the AGC, suggesting that AGC possesses scavenging activity. 4. In summary, AGC is more potent than apigenin and omeprazole at inhibiting reflux oesophagitis and gastritis and may therefore be a promising drug for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Min
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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37
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Min YS, Bai KL, Yim SH, Lee YJ, Song HJ, Kim JH, Ham I, Whang WK, Sohn UD. The effect of luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucuronopyranoside on gastritis and esophagitis in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 29:484-9. [PMID: 16833016 DOI: 10.1007/bf02969421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the inhibitory action of luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, luteolin which was isolated from Salix gilgiana leaves, and omeprazole on reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats. Reflux esophagitis and gastritis were induced surgically and by the administration of indomethacin, respectively. The intraduodenal administration of luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside decreased the ulcer index, injury area, gastric volume and acid output, and increased the gastric pH compared with luteolin. Luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside significantly decreased the size of the gastric lesions that had been induced by exposing the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. The malondialdehyde content, which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased significantly after inducing of reflux esophagitis. The malondialdehyde content was decreased by Luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside but not luteolin or omeprazole. Luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside has a more potent antioxidative effect than luteolin. Luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside is a promising drug for the treatment of reflux esophagitis and gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sil Min
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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38
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Yang HL, Chen SC, Chang NW, Chang JM, Lee ML, Tsai PC, Fu HH, Kao WW, Chiang HC, Wang HH, Hseu YC. Protection from oxidative damage using Bidens pilosa extracts in normal human erythrocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:1513-21. [PMID: 16765500 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2005] [Revised: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 04/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa (B. pilosa) is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both the ethanol (EtOH) and ethylacetate/ethanol (EA/EtOH) extracts from the whole B. pilosa plant, to protect normal human erythrocytes against oxidative damage in vitro. It was determined that the oxidative hemolysis and lipid/protein peroxidation of erythrocytes induced by the aqueous peroxyl radical [2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)] were suppressed by both EtOH (50-150 microg/ml) and EA/EtOH (25-75 microg/ml) extracts of B. pilosa in concentration- and time-dependent manners. B. pilosa extracts also prevented the decline of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the depletion of cytosolic glutathione (GSH) and ATP in erythrocytes. These results imply that B. pilosa may have protective antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Dharmani P, Mishra PK, Maurya R, Singh Chauhan V, Palit G. Allophylus serratus: a plant with potential anti-ulcerogenic activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 99:361-6. [PMID: 15878649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2004] [Revised: 12/26/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Allophylus serratus is known to possess various therapeutic properties. We evaluated the anti-ulcerogenic property of crude ethanolic extract of Allophylus serratus (AS) in different ulcer models in Sprague-Dawley rats. The extract at 400 mg/kg body weight, once daily, orally has a significant effect in cold restraint (CRU, 2 h cold restraint stress), aspirin (ASA, 150 mg/kg body weight, orally), alcohol (AL, 1 ml/200 gm of absolute alcohol) and pyloric ligation (PL, 4h ligation) induced gastric ulcer models as it showed protection index of 71.28, 62.50, 90.84 and 64.29% protection, respectively whereas, standard drug omeprazole (OMZ, 10mg/kg body weight) has shown protection index of 85.70, 74.99 and 74.99 in CRU, ASA and PL model respectively. Sucralfate (SUC, 500 mg/kg body weight) as a standard drug in AL model has 93.20% protection. Furthermore, AS has significantly decreased the free acidity (72.41%), total acidity (47.97%) and peptic activity (24.59%), respectively as well as has significantly increased the mucus secretion (29.41%). Conclusively the ulcer protective effect of AS may be due to its anti-secretory along with cytoprotective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dharmani
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Drug Research Institute, P.B. No. 173, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India
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40
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Andrade-Neto VF, Brandão MGL, Oliveira FQ, Casali VWD, Njaine B, Zalis MG, Oliveira LA, Krettli AU. Antimalarial activity ofBidens pilosaL. (Asteraceae) ethanol extracts from wild plants collected in various localities or plants cultivated in humus soil. Phytother Res 2004; 18:634-9. [PMID: 15476304 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae), a medicinal plant used worldwide, has antimalarial activity as shown in previous work. This study tested ethanol extracts from wild plants collected in three different regions of Brazil and from plants cultivated in various soil conditions. The extracts were active in mice infected with P. berghei: doses of < or =500 mg/kg administered by oral route reduced malaria parasitaemia and mouse mortality; higher doses were found to be less effective. Tested in vitro against three P. falciparum isolates, two chloroquine resistant and one mefloquine resistant, the plants cultivated under standard conditions, and in humus enriched soil, were active; but the wild plants were the most active. Analysis using thin layer chromatography demonstrated the presence of flavonoids (compounds considered responsible for the antimalarial activity) in all plants tested, even though at different profiles. Because B. pilosa is proven to be active against P. falciparum drug-resistant parasites in vitro, and in rodent malaria in vivo, it is a good candidate for pre-clinical tests as a phytotherapeutic agent or for chemical isolation of the active compounds with the aim of finding new antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter F Andrade-Neto
- Laboratory of Malaria, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais CEP 30190-002, Brazil
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41
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Cano JH, Volpato G. Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of eastern Cuba. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2004; 90:293-316. [PMID: 15013195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2003.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2002] [Revised: 01/03/2003] [Accepted: 10/09/2003] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba. Traditional herbal mixtures in Eastern Cuba are investigated through interviews with 130 knowledgeable people and traditional healers of the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Guantánamo. One hundred seventy plant species and other products are used in 199 formulas, galones being the more complex. Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), Cissus sicyoides L. (Vitaceae), Erythroxylum havanense Jacq. (Erythroxylaceae) and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae) are the species most frequently cited. The ecological distribution of the taxa and cultural and anthropological aspects of mixtures are highlighted; particularly American and African influences that have shaped local knowledge about plant combinations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hernández Cano
- BIOECO, Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad, José A Saco 601 esq Barnada, 90100, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
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42
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Chiang LC, Chang JS, Chen CC, Ng LT, Lin CC. Anti-Herpes simplex virus activity of Bidens pilosa and Houttuynia cordata. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2004; 31:355-62. [PMID: 12943167 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x03001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the antiviral activity of Bidens pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff and Houttuynia cordata Thunb., using cytotoxicity test with XTT-based colorimetric assay. BCC-1/KMC cells were infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and then were cultured with hot water extract of B. pilosa (HWBP) or H. cordata (HWHC). Results showed that HWBP significantly inhibited the replication of HSV at a concentration of 100 microg/ml (11.9% for HSV-1, p < 0.01; 19.2% for HSV-2, p < 0.005), whereas HWHC had the same effect at a concentration of 250 microg/ml (10.2% for HSV-1, p < 0.05; 32.9% for HSV-2, p < 0.005). The ED50 of HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2) for HWBP was 655.4 microg/ml and 960 microg/ml respectively, for HWHC it was 822.4 microg/ml and 362.5 microg/ml respectively. Both drugs had selective indexes above 1.04. H. cordata had better effect against HSV-2 than HSV-1, and had a low ED50 against HSV-2. We suggest that H. cordata might be a useful medicinal plant against infection of HSV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien-Chai Chiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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43
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Hosseinzadeh H, Karimi G, Ameri M. Effects of Anethum graveolens L. seed extracts on experimental gastric irritation models in mice. BMC Pharmacol 2002; 2:21. [PMID: 12493079 PMCID: PMC140031 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-2-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2002] [Accepted: 12/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a folk remedy, Anethum graveolens seed (dill) is used for some gastrointestinal ailments. We aimed to evaluate aqueous and ethanolic extracts of anti-ulcer and acute toxicity effects of the Anethum graveolens in mice. RESULTS Gastric mucosal lesions were induced by oral administration of HCl (1 N) and absolute ethanol in mice. The acidity and total acid content of gastric juice were measured in pylorus-ligated mice. LD50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were 3.04 g/kg, i.p., (1.5, 6.16) and 6.98 g/kg, i.p., (5.69, 8.56), respectively. The efficacy of high dose of extracts (p.o.) was similar to sucralfate. The acidity and total acid content were reduced by the orally or intraperitoneally administration of the extracts. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that A. graveolens seed extracts have significant mucosal protective and antisecretory effects of the gastric mucosa in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), P.O.Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholam_Reza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), P.O.Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Ameri
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), P.O.Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
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Al-Rehaily AJ, Al-Howiriny TA, Al-Sohaibani MO, Rafatullah S. Gastroprotective effects of 'Amla' Emblica officinalis on in vivo test models in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2002; 9:515-522. [PMID: 12403160 DOI: 10.1078/09447110260573146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An ethanol extract of 'Amla' Emblica officinalis Gaertn. was examined for its antisecretory and antiulcer activities employing different experimental models in rats, including pylorus ligation Shay rats, indomethacin, hypothermic restraint stress-induced gastric ulcer and necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH and 25% NaCl). Oral administration of Amla extract at doses 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg significantly inhibited the development of gastric lesions in all test models used. It also caused significant decrease of the pyloric-ligation induced basal gastric secretion, titratable acidity and gastric mucosal injury. Besides, Amla extract offered protection against ethanol-induced depletion of stomach wall mucus and reduction in nonprotein sulfhydryl concentration. Histopathological analyses are in good agreement with pharmacological and biochemical findings. The results indicate that Amla extract possesses antisecretory, antiulcer, and cytoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Al-Rehaily
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chang JS, Chiang LC, Chen CC, Liu LT, Wang KC, Lin CC. Antileukemic activity of Bidens pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff and Houttuynia cordata Thunb. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2002; 29:303-12. [PMID: 11527072 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the anti-leukemic activity of Bidens pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff and Houttuynia cordata Thunb., cytotoxicity tests with an XTT-based colorimetric assay were used. Five leukemic cell lines, namely L1210, U937, K562, Raji and P3HR1, were cultured with hot water extracts of B. pilosa var. minor or H. cordata. Hot water extracts of B. pilosa var. minor inhibited these five leukemic cells with IC50s between 145 microg/ml and 586 microg/ml. The effect was greatest on four cell lines, namely L1210, P3MR1, Raji and K562, with IC50s below 200 microg/ml and a selective index of more than 5. Hot water extract of H. cordata inhibited these five leukemic cells with IC50s between 478 microg/ml and 662 microg/ml. The selective index was between 1.5 and 2.1. B. pilosa var. minor was more effective than H. cordata in inhibiting most of the leukemic cells in our study. We suggest that B. pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff may prove to be a useful medicinal plant for treating leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
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