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Trends in the delivery of reimbursed nicotine replacement therapies between 2016 and 2019 in France. Therapie 2022; 77:561-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Grard A, Schreuders M, Alves J, Kinnunen JM, Richter M, Federico B, Kunst A, Clancy L, Lorant V. Smoking beliefs across genders, a comparative analysis of seven European countries. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1321. [PMID: 31638938 PMCID: PMC6805413 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most European countries have seen a decrease in the prevalence of adolescent smoking. This decrease has, however, been patterned by gender. Girls' smoking rates have now overtaken boys' in many European countries. The two genders may not, however, share the same smoking beliefs and this could explain differences between the genders in smoking prevalence. We describe gender differences in smoking beliefs and investigate variations between countries, along with their gender context. METHODS In 2016, we conducted the SILNE R study (Smoking Inequalities Learning from Natural Experiments - Renew) in 55 schools located in seven European countries: Belgium, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Finland, Ireland, and Germany. We surveyed 12,979 students aged 14-16 years (50% were girls). We classified smoking beliefs into four categories: positive individual, positive social, negative individual, and negative social beliefs. We expected girls to score higher on the last three of those categories and we hypothesized that countries with a more gender-equal culture would have less gender difference in beliefs about smoking. RESULTS One out of two smoking beliefs differed significantly between genders. Negative social beliefs were more common in girls, while beliefs about the dating-related aspects of smoking were more common in boys. We identified Germany and Belgium as the only countries with no gender differences in any of the belief scales. No correlation was found, however, between these scales and the Gender Inequality Index. CONCLUSIONS In some countries, gender-specific interventions might be implemented; however, two opposing strategies might be used, depending on whether such programs are aimed at boys or girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Grard
- Institute for Health and Society, University Catholic of Louvain, 30 clos chapelle-aux-champs, bte. L0.30.15, 1200 Woluwé-saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Michael Schreuders
- Department of Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joana Alves
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jaana M Kinnunen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bruno Federico
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, Università degli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - Anton Kunst
- Department of Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luke Clancy
- Tobacco Free Research institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Lorant
- Institute for Health and Society, University Catholic of Louvain, 30 clos chapelle-aux-champs, bte. L0.30.15, 1200 Woluwé-saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
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Coëffec A, Romo L, Cheze N, Riazuelo H, Plantey S, Kotbagi G, Kern L. Early substance consumption and problematic use of video games in adolescence. Front Psychol 2015; 6:501. [PMID: 25972826 PMCID: PMC4411991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use as well as use of video games is frequent among young people. The purpose of this research was to study the links between the use of video games and the consumption of various substances such as alcohol, tobacco or cannabis at adolescence. In order to do so, 1423 students from middle and high schools filled an auto-questionnaire that included questions on age, gender, year of study, use of video games and consumptions of alcohol (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Short version, AUDIT-C), tobacco (Heaviness of Smoking Index, HSI), and cannabis (Cannabis Abuse Screening Test, CAST). We found that 92.1% of teens use video games and 17.7% have a problematic use of video games (PUVG). Furthermore, results show that substance consumption seems frequent with 19.8 and 8.3% of participants having hazardous alcohol and cannabis consumptions respectively and 5.2% having a moderate to high tobacco dependence. Video gamers consumed significantly more alcohol and gamers with PUVG started their substance consumption (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) earlier. PUVG was found to be negatively correlated to age at first substance consumption, but positively correlated to the time spent playing video games. However, it was not correlated to risks of substance dependence (scores of AUDIT-C, HSI, and CAST). Finally, our results are consistent with the literature, in regard to frequency of substance use and use of video games in adolescence. These data will allow for a better consideration of prevention strategies and future care in this particular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélaïde Coëffec
- CLIPSYD, EA4430, UFR de Sciences Psychologiques et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France ; Service d'addictologie de l'hôpital René Muret , Sevran, France
| | - Lucia Romo
- CLIPSYD, EA4430, UFR de Sciences Psychologiques et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France ; La Clinique des Maladies Mentales et de l'Encéphale, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne , Paris, France ; Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM U894 , Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Cheze
- Laboratoire Modal'X, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France
| | - Hélène Riazuelo
- CLIPSYD, EA4430, UFR de Sciences Psychologiques et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France
| | - Sophie Plantey
- CLIPSYD, EA4430, UFR de Sciences Psychologiques et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France ; Centre Hospitalier Jean-Martin Charcot , Plaisir, France
| | - Gayatri Kotbagi
- CLIPSYD, EA4430, UFR de Sciences Psychologiques et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France ; CeRSM, EA 2931, UFR STAPS, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France
| | - Laurence Kern
- CeRSM, EA 2931, UFR STAPS, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France
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Moncla D, Walburg V, Milhaes A. [Burnout among high school students and tobacco use]. Encephale 2014; 40:423-4. [PMID: 25138023 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Moncla
- Faculté libre des lettres et des sciences humaines, institut catholique de Toulouse (ICT), 31, rue de la Fonderie, BP 7012, 31068 Toulouse cedex 7, France
| | - V Walburg
- Faculté libre des lettres et des sciences humaines, institut catholique de Toulouse (ICT), 31, rue de la Fonderie, BP 7012, 31068 Toulouse cedex 7, France; Unité de recherche interdisciplinaire OCTOGONE E.A. 4156, centre d'études et de recherche en psychopathologie (CERPP) (Center for research and study of psychopathology), université de Toulouse II - Le Mirail, 5, allée Antonio-Machado, 31058 Toulouse cedex, France.
| | - A Milhaes
- Faculté libre des lettres et des sciences humaines, institut catholique de Toulouse (ICT), 31, rue de la Fonderie, BP 7012, 31068 Toulouse cedex 7, France
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Le cancer bronchique de la femme enceinte : prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique en 2012. Rev Mal Respir 2013; 30:125-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Machowicz R, Ciechanska J, Zycinska K, Mahboobi N, Wnekowicz E, Obrowski MH, Zielonka TM. Medical students' aptitude toward smoking in Warsaw, Strasbourg and Teheran. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 755:195-202. [PMID: 22826067 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable death in the world. Medical students play a role in smoking prevention especially as future physicians, but also as role models in society. Their approach, although influenced by medical education, is based on cultural and socio-economic background. The aim of this study was to analyze smoking habits, prevalence and attitudes towards smoking cessation in medical students from three different countries: Poland, France and Iran. A questionnaire on tobacco smoking was distributed among medical students from three Medical Universities: in Warsaw, Strasbourg and Teheran. The study population consisted of 1,036 students: 499 from Poland, 367 from France and 170 from Iran. The percentage of smokers among medical students was 14% in Warsaw, 14.4% in Strasbourg and 3.5% in Teheran. The prevalence of ex-smokers was 13.6%, 18%, and 1.2% respectively. The use of nicotine replacement therapy or pharmacological aid in smoking cessation was 9% in Warsaw, 7% in Strasbourg, and none in Teheran. In Strasbourg students willing to choose surgical specialization were more likely to be smoking with OR 2.6 (95% CI 1.4-5.0). Never-smokers were more likely than actual smokers to discourage their friends and family from smoking. In Warsaw OR was 3.8 (95% CI 2.0-7.2), in Strasbourg 6.2 (2.6-14.4) and 7.2 (1.0-82.6) in Teheran. In conclusion, similarities in smoking prevalence and attitudes between medical students in Warsaw and Strasbourg were observed, while in Teheran the percentage of smokers reported was much lower. Pharmacological aid or nicotine replacement therapy in smoking cessation was rarely used among medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Machowicz
- Department of Hematology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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Approche épidémiologique de la toxicomanie en milieu universitaire à Marrakech (Maroc). ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Meurice J, Roche N. « La Revue des Maladies Respiratoires : l’aventure continue ». Rev Mal Respir 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(07)91006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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