1
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El-Sayed MKF, Elshahawi MM, Abu El-Azm FSM, Hosni EM, Kamal M, Ali YM. Synthesis, molecular modelling and evaluation of larvicidal efficacy of annulated Benzo[h]chromenes against Culex pipiens L. Larvae. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18393. [PMID: 39117743 PMCID: PMC11310521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A new series of substituted benzo[h]chromene, benzochromenopyrimidine, and benzochromenotriazolopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized via chemical transformations of iminonitrile, ethoxymethylene amino, and cyanomethylene functionalities. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were assured by spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. The larvicidal efficacy of these compounds against Culex pipiens L. larvae was investigated, revealing potent insecticidal activity, particularly for compounds 6, 10, and 16, exceeding that of the standard insecticide chlorpyrifos. The mode of action of these compounds was explored through molecular docking studies, indicating their potential as acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) blockers. The structure-activity relationship analysis highlighted the influence of substituents and fused heterocyclic rings on larvicidal potency. These findings suggest that the synthesized compounds hold promise as potential candidates for developing novel and effective mosquito control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud K F El-Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Manal M Elshahawi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Abu El-Azm
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Eslam M Hosni
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kamal
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen M Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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2
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Huang SC, Adhikari S, Brownell JE, Calderwood EF, Chouitar J, D'Amore NR, England DB, Foley K, Harrison SJ, LeRoy PJ, Lok D, Lublinsky A, Ma LT, Menon S, Yang Y, Zhang J, Gould AE. Discovery and optimization of pyrazolopyrimidine sulfamates as ATG7 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115681. [PMID: 32912429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is postulated to be required by cancer cells to survive periods of metabolic and/or hypoxic stress. ATG7 is the E1 enzyme that is required for activation of Ubl conjugation pathways involved in autophagosome formation. This article describes the design and optimization of pyrazolopyrimidine sulfamate compounds as potent and selective inhibitors of ATG7. Cellular levels of the autophagy markers, LC3B and NBR1, are regulated following treatment with these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chung Huang
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
| | - Sharmila Adhikari
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - James E Brownell
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Emily F Calderwood
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Jouhara Chouitar
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Natalie Roy D'Amore
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Dylan B England
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Klaudia Foley
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Sean J Harrison
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Patrick J LeRoy
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - David Lok
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Anna Lublinsky
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Li-Ting Ma
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Saurabh Menon
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Yu Yang
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Ji Zhang
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Alexandra E Gould
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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3
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Imoto S, Onitsuka K, Yamaguchi K, Tokuda R, Higashi-Kuwata N, Kuwahara S, Kumamoto H, Maeda K, Haraguchi K, Mitsuya H. Design and Synthesis of 4'-Cyano Dideoxy Isonucleosides and Their Activity against HIV-1 and HBV. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Ali AT, Hekal MH. Convenient synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of some benzochromenes and chromenotriazolopyrimidines under classical methods and phase transfer catalysis. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1675173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amira T. Ali
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Hekal
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Development of bifunctional organocatalysts and application to asymmetric total synthesis of naucleofficine I and II. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3394. [PMID: 31358765 PMCID: PMC6662887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proline-type organocatalysts has been efficiently employed to catalyze a wide range of asymmetric transformations; however, there are still many synthetically useful and challenging transformations that remain unachievable in an asymmetric fashion. Herein, a chiral bifunctional organocatalyst with a spirocyclic pyrrolidine backbone-derived containing fluoro-alkyl and aryl sulfonamide functionalities, are designed, prepared, and examined in the asymmetric Mannich/acylation/Wittig reaction sequence of 3,4-dihydro-β-carboline with acetaldehyde, acyl halides, and Wittig reagents. As a result, the spirocyclic pyrrolidine trifluoromethanesulfonamide catalyst can facilitate this versatile sequence as demonstrated by 18 examples displaying excellent enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee), as well as moderate to good yields (up to 54% over 3 steps). As a practical application, the asymmetric total synthesis of naucleofficine I (1a) and II (1b) in ten steps have been accomplished. Natural products often contain complex N-fused polycyclic structures with multiple substituents and stereocentres. Here, the authors developed a bifunctional organocatalyst that is instrumental in obtaining such structures and applied it to the total synthesis of naucleofficine I and II in 6 steps.
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6
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Toti K, Renders M, Groaz E, Herdewijn P, Van Calenbergh S. Nucleosides with Transposed Base or 4'-Hydroxymethyl Moieties and Their Corresponding Oligonucleotides. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13484-525. [PMID: 26655745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on 4'-hydroxymethyl- or nucleobase-transposed nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleoside phosphonates, their stereoisomers, and their close analogues. The biological activities of all known 4'-hydroxymethyl- or nucleobase-transposed nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleoside phosphonates as potential antiviral or anticancer agents are compiled. The routes that have been taken for the chemical synthesis of such nucleoside derivatives are described, with special attention to the innovative strategies. The enzymatic synthesis, base-pairing properties, structure, and stability of oligonucleotides containing nucleobase- or 4'-hydroxymethyl-transposed nucleotides are discussed. The use of oligonucleotides containing nucleobase- or 4'-hydroxymethyl-transposed nucleotides as small oligonucleotide (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus integrase) inhibitors, in applications such as antisense therapy, silencing RNA (siRNA), or aptamer selections, is detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Toti
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marleen Renders
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisabetta Groaz
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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7
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Agelis G, Resvani A, Koukoulitsa C, Tůmová T, Slaninová J, Kalavrizioti D, Spyridaki K, Afantitis A, Melagraki G, Siafaka A, Gkini E, Megariotis G, Grdadolnik SG, Papadopoulos MG, Vlahakos D, Maragoudakis M, Liapakis G, Mavromoustakos T, Matsoukas J. Rational design, efficient syntheses and biological evaluation of N,N'-symmetrically bis-substituted butylimidazole analogs as a new class of potent Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 62:352-70. [PMID: 23376252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of symmetrically bis-substituted imidazole analogs bearing at the N-1 and N-3 two biphenyl moieties ortho substituted either with tetrazole or carboxylate functional groups was designed based on docking studies and utilizing for the first time an extra hydrophobic binding cleft of AT1 receptor. The synthesized analogs were evaluated for their in vitro antagonistic activities (pA2 values) and binding affinities (-logIC50 values) to the Angiotensin II AT1 receptor. Among them, the potassium (-logIC50 = 9.04) and the sodium (-logIC50 = 8.54) salts of 4-butyl-N,N'-bis{[2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (12a and 12b, respectively) as well as its free acid 11 (-logIC50 = 9.46) and the 4-butyl-2-hydroxymethyl-N,N'-bis{[2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (14) (-logIC50 = 8.37, pA2 = 8.58) showed high binding affinity to the AT1 receptor and high antagonistic activity (potency). The potency was similar or even superior to that of Losartan (-logIC50 = 8.25, pA2 = 8.25). On the contrary, 2-butyl-N,N'-bis{[2'-[2H-tetrazol-5-yl)]biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (27) (-logIC50 = 5.77) and 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-N,N'-bis{[2'-[2H-tetrazol-5-yl)]biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (30) (-logIC50 = 6.38) displayed very low binding affinity indicating that the orientation of the n-butyl group is of primary importance. Docking studies of the representative highly active 12b clearly showed that this molecule has an extra hydrophobic binding feature compared to prototype drug Losartan and it fits to the extra hydrophobic cavity. These results may contribute to the discovery and development of a new class of biologically active molecules through bis-alkylation of the imidazole ring by a convenient and cost effective synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Agelis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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8
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene d-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: Novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:993-1005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Efficient synthesis of exomethylene- and keto-exomethylene-d-glucopyranosyl nucleoside analogs as potential cytotoxic agents. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:328-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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10
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Yoshimura Y, Asami K, Imamichi T, Okuda T, Shiraki K, Takahata H. Design and Synthesis of Isonucleosides Constructed on a 2-Oxa-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane Scaffold. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4161-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100556u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yoshimura
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Asami
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tomozumi Imamichi
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Applied and Development Research Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at Frederick, Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick, Inc. Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Tomoko Okuda
- Department of Virology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kimiyasu Shiraki
- Department of Virology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahata
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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11
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Moerdyk-Schauwecker M, Stein DA, Eide K, Blouch RE, Bildfell R, Iversen P, Jin L. Inhibition of HSV-1 ocular infection with morpholino oligomers targeting ICP0 and ICP27. Antiviral Res 2009; 84:131-41. [PMID: 19665486 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 06/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alternative therapies are needed for HSV-1 infections in patients refractory to treatment with Acyclovir (ACV) and its derivatives. Peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PPMO) are single-stranded DNA analogues that enter cells readily and reduce target gene expression through steric blockage of complementary RNA. When applied before or soon after infection PPMO targeting the translation-start-site regions of HSV-1 ICP0 or ICP27 mRNA reduced HSV-1 plaque formation by 70-98% in vitro. The ICP0 PPMO also reduced ACV-resistant HSV-1 (strain 615.9) plaque formation by 70-90%, while an equivalent dose of ACV produced only 40-50% inhibition when the treatment was applied between 1 and 3hpi. Seven daily topical treatments of 100microg ICP0 PPMO caused no gross or microscopic damage to the corneas of uninfected mice. Topical application of 10microg ICP0 PPMO to the eyes of HSV-1 infected mice reduced the incidence of eye disease by 37.5-50% compared to controls. This study demonstrates that topically applied PPMO holds promise as an antiviral drug candidate against HSV-1 ocular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Moerdyk-Schauwecker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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12
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Tzioumaki N, Tsoukala E, Manta S, Agelis G, Balzarini J, Komiotis D. Synthesis, Antiviral and Cytostatic Evaluation of Unsaturated Exomethylene and Keto D‐Lyxopyranonucleoside Analogues. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:353-60. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Ghosh AK, Chapsal BD, Baldridge A, Ide K, Koh Y, Mitsuya H. Design and synthesis of stereochemically defined novel spirocyclic P2-ligands for HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Org Lett 2008; 10:5135-8. [PMID: 18928291 PMCID: PMC2745598 DOI: 10.1021/ol8020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of stereochemically defined spirocyclic compounds and their use as novel P2-ligands for HIV-1 protease inhibitors are described. The bicyclic core of the ligands was synthesized by an efficient nBu 3SnH-promoted radical cyclization of a 1,6-enyne followed by oxidative cleavage. Structure-based design, synthesis of ligands, and biological evaluations of the resulting inhibitors are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Ghosh
- Departments of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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14
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Synthesis and molecular modelling of unsaturated exomethylene pyranonucleoside analogues with antitumor and antiviral activities. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:1366-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Agelis G, Tzioumaki N, Botić T, Cencic A, Komiotis D. Exomethylene pyranonucleosides: Efficient synthesis and biological evaluation of 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-β-d-glycero-hex-3-enopyranosyl)thymine. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5448-56. [PMID: 17555969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Revised: 05/22/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new series of unsaturated pyranonucleosides with an exocyclic methylene group and thymine as heterocyclic base have been designed and synthesized. d-Galactose (1) was readily transformed in three steps into the corresponding 1-(beta-d-galactopyranosyl)thymine (2). Selective protection of the primary hydroxyl group of 2 with a t-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) group, followed by specific acetalation, and oxidation gave 1-(6-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-d-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-2-ulose)thymine (5). Wittig reaction of the ketonucleoside 5, deprotection and tritylation of the 6'-hydroxyl group gave 1-(2-deoxy-2-methylene-6-O-trityl-beta-d-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)thymine (9). Exomethylene pyranonucleoside 9 was converted to the olefinic derivative 10, which after detritylation afforded the title compound 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-beta-d-glycero-hex-3-enopyranosyl)thymine (11). These novel synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity against rotaviral infection and cytotoxicity in colon cancer. As compared to AZT, compounds 1-(2-deoxy-2-methylene-beta-d-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)thymine (7) and 1-(beta-d-lyxo-hexopyranosyl-2-ulose)thymine (8) showed to be more efficient, in rotavirus infections and in treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Agelis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Street, 41221 Larissa, Greece
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16
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Håkansson AE, Palmelund A, Holm H, Madsen R. Synthesis of 7-deoxypancratistatin from carbohydrates by the use of olefin metathesis. Chemistry 2007; 12:3243-53. [PMID: 16470562 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The stereocontrolled synthesis of (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin is described. The convergent synthesis has been achieved by two different strategies, both of which commence from a pentose and piperonal. The latter is converted into allylic bromide 7, which is then coupled with a protected methyl 5-deoxy-5-iodo-D-ribofuranoside in the presence of zinc metal. The first strategy involves a total of only 13 steps from D-ribose and piperonal, but suffers from a low yield in the zinc-mediated reaction between ribofuranoside 9, benzylamine, and bromide 7. The second strategy involves a total of 18 steps from D-xylose and piperonal. The former is converted into ribofuranoside 28, which is coupled with bromide 7 in the presence of zinc, and this is followed by ring-closing olefin metathesis. Subsequent Overman rearrangement, dihydroxylation, and deprotection then affords the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders E Håkansson
- Center for Sustainable and Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Building 201, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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17
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Gunaga P, Kim HO, Kim HJ, Chun MW, Jeong LS. Stereoselective synthesis of novel thioiso dideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene as potential antiviral agents. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 24:1115-7. [PMID: 16248103 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200060072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Novel thioiso pyrimidine and purine nucleosides substituted with exocyclic methylene have been synthesized, starting from D-xylose. Cyclization of the dimesylate to the 4-thiosugar 6a proceeded in pure SN2 reaction in the presence of allylic functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashantha Gunaga
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus remains a serious and life-threatening disease for approximately 5% of the world's population, despite the availability of effective vaccines. Although prognoses can be improved by chemotherapy, treatment options are limited and none has been consistently successful. Interferon-alpha, the longest established therapy, has limited efficacy, is slow-acting and frequently causes adverse effects. Newer drugs comprise of mainly nucleoside and nucleotide analogs. The two that are currently approved, lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil, are well tolerated; both produce rapid and dramatic responses, but their effects may not be sustainable in the long-term due to the emergence of resistant virus. Development of resistance to lamivudine is approximately ten-times more frequent than development of resistance to adefovir dipivoxil (approximately 60 and 6%, respectively) during the first 3 years of therapy. Entecavir, a carbocyclic deoxyguanosine analog that is active against both lamivudine- and adefovir dipivoxil-resistant HBV, is in the vanguard of new antihepatitis B virus drugs that have progressed to Phase III clinical trials. It is the most potent antihepatitis B virus agent discovered to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Shaw
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 10 Wreckyn Street, North Melbourne, Victoria, 3051 Australia.
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19
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Gunaga P, Baba M, Jeong LS. Asymmetric synthesis of novel thioiso dideoxynucleosides with exocyclic methylene as potential antiviral agents. J Org Chem 2004; 69:3208-11. [PMID: 15104467 DOI: 10.1021/jo035735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel thioiso pyrimidine and purine nucleosides substituted with exocyclic methylene have been synthesized, starting from D-xylose. The glycosyl donor 14 was synthesized from D-xylose, using cyclization of dimesylate 10 with sodium sulfide as a key step. Cyclization proceeded in pure S(N)2 reaction without going through S(N)1 reaction in the presence of an allylic functional group at low reaction temperature (0 degrees C) in polar solvent (DMF), affording compound 12 as a major product. At higher temperatures, S(N)2' product 11 was almost exclusively obtained as a major product. On the other hand, glycosylation of 14 with 6-chloropurine under Mitsunobu conditions afforded the desired S(N)2 product 26, while palladium-catalyzed glycosylation resulted in the sole formation of S(N)2' product 34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashantha Gunaga
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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20
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Jin DZ, Kwon SH, Moon HR, Gunaga P, Kim HO, Kim DK, Chun MW, Jeong LS. Synthesis of d - and l -apio nucleoside analogues with 2′-hydroxyl group as potential anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:1101-9. [PMID: 14980622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2003] [Accepted: 12/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the asymmetric synthesis of D- and L-apio-2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues, 4 and 5 with 2'-hydroxyl group via a common intermediate 9, starting from D-galactose. Stereoselective dihydroxylation and deoxygenation through radical inversion were successfully employed to synthesize the key intermediate 12 with D-apio structure, while stereoselecetive hydroboration-oxidation was used for the synthesis of another key intermediate 18 with L-apio structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhe Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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Petricci E, Radi M, Corelli F, Botta M. Microwave-enhanced Sonogashira coupling reaction of substituted pyrimidinones and pyrimidine nucleosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Choi WJ, Ahn HS, Kim HO, Kim S, Chun MW, Jeong LS. Stereoselective synthesis of amino-substituted apio dideoxynucleosides through a distant neighboring group effect. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Moon HR, Kim HO, Lee SK, Choi WJ, Chun MW, Jeong LS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thioapio dideoxynucleosides. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:1499-507. [PMID: 11886812 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the bioisosteric rationale to apio dideoxynucleosides, novel thioapio dideoxynucleosides have been synthesized, starting from 1,3-dihydroxyacetone via thioapio sugar acetate as a key intermediate. The intermediate was condensed with silylated pyrimidine bases such as N(4)-benzoylcytosine, uracil or thymine in the presence of TMSOTf to give the beta-anomers and alpha-anomers, respectively. The intermediate was also condensed with silylated 6-chloropurine to give the 6-chloropurine derivatives and which were converted to adenine derivatives and, N(6)-methyladenine derivatives and, and hypoxanthine derivatives and, respectively. The guanine analogues and were also synthesized from the condensation of sugar acetate with 2-acetamido-6-chloropurine. All synthesized final compounds were tested against HIV-1. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited toxicity-dependent anti-HIV-1 activity, among which 6-chloropurine derivative was found to be the most cytotoxic and showed good cytotoxicity against colon cancer cell lines. Although we could not find good anti-HIV agents in this study, findings of some anticancer activity in this series will allow this class of nucleosides to be the new template for the development of new anticancer agents (Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
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