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Wickenberg M, Mercier R, Yap M, Walker J, Baker K, LaPointe P. Hsp90 inhibition leads to an increase in surface expression of multiple immunological receptors in cancer cells. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1334876. [PMID: 38645275 PMCID: PMC11027010 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1334876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone important for maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in the cell. Hsp90 inhibitors are being explored as cancer therapeutics because of their ability to disrupt proteostasis. Inhibiting Hsp90 increases surface density of the immunological receptor Major Histocompatibility Complex 1 (MHC1). Here we show that this increase occurs across multiple cancer cell lines and with both cytosol-specific and pan-Hsp90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition also alters surface expression of both IFNGR and PD-L1, two additional immunological receptors that play a significant role in anti-tumour or anti-immune activity in the tumour microenvironment. Hsp90 also negatively regulates IFN-γ activity in cancer cells, suggesting it has a unique role in mediating the immune system's response to cancer. Our data suggests a strong link between Hsp90 activity and the pathways that govern anti-tumour immunity. This highlights the potential for the use of an Hsp90 inhibitor in combination with another currently available cancer treatment, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which works to prevent immune evasion of cancer cells. Combination checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the use of an Hsp90 inhibitor may potentiate the therapeutic benefits of both treatments and improve prognosis for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Wickenberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rebecca Mercier
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Megan Yap
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John Walker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kristi Baker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul LaPointe
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Fotie J, Matherne CM, Mather JB, Wroblewski JE, Johnson K, Boudreaux LG, Perez AA. The Fundamental Role of Oxime and Oxime Ether Moieties in Improving the Physicochemical and Anticancer Properties of Structurally Diverse Scaffolds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16854. [PMID: 38069175 PMCID: PMC10705934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review explores the critical role of oxime and oxime ether moieties in enhancing the physicochemical and anticancer properties of structurally diverse molecular frameworks. Specific examples are carefully selected to illustrate the distinct contributions of these functional groups to general strategies for molecular design, modulation of biological activities, computational modeling, and structure-activity relationship studies. An extensive literature search was conducted across three databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scifinder, enabling us to create one of the most comprehensive overviews of how oximes and oxime ethers impact antitumor activities within a wide range of structural frameworks. This search focused on various combinations of keywords or their synonyms, related to the anticancer activity of oximes and oxime ethers, structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action, as well as molecular dynamics and docking studies. Each article was evaluated based on its scientific merit and the depth of the study, resulting in 268 cited references and more than 336 illustrative chemical structures carefully selected to support this analysis. As many previous reviews focus on one subclass of this extensive family of compounds, this report represents one of the rare and fully comprehensive assessments of the anticancer potential of this group of molecules across diverse molecular scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Fotie
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, LA 70402-0878, USA; (C.M.M.); (J.B.M.); (J.E.W.); (K.J.); (L.G.B.); (A.A.P.)
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3
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Wang X, Li Y, Wu X. Photoredox/Cobalt Dual Catalysis Enabled Regiospecific Synthesis of Distally Unsaturated Ketones with Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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Abad-Fuentes A, Agulló C, López-Puertollano D, Navarro-Fuertes I, Abad-Somovilla A, Mercader JV. Alternative Hapten Design for Zearalenone Immunoreagent Generation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030185. [PMID: 35324682 PMCID: PMC8953469 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate hapten design and synthesis have been identified as critical steps to generate high-performance immunoreagents and to develop sensitive and selective immunoanalytical methods. Antibodies and immunoassays for the major mycotoxin zearalenone have been reported and marketed. However, zearalenone haptens have mostly been prepared by the oxime active ester technique, and hapten characterization has generally been poor or non-existent. In the present study, novel haptens of zearalenone with longer linkers and with alternative tethering sites have been designed for immunizing and assay conjugate preparation. All of these molecules were purified and spectroscopically verified, and a structure-activity relationship evaluation was carried out. This approach revealed that the hapten with the linker at the carbonyl group generated antibodies with a higher affinity than the hapten functionalized at the phenyl moiety. Antibodies produced with the latter hapten, on the other hand, showed lower cross-reactivity values to the major zearalenone metabolites. Finally, similar immunoassay sensitivity was achieved with all of the antibodies when heterologous haptens were employed. Furthermore, by altering the structure of the competing antigen, the immunoassay selectivity was modified. These results demonstrate that immunochemical methods for zearalenone rapid analysis can still be improved in terms of sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Abad-Fuentes
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Consuelo Agulló
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46010 València, Spain; (C.A.); (D.L.-P.); (I.N.-F.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Daniel López-Puertollano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46010 València, Spain; (C.A.); (D.L.-P.); (I.N.-F.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Ismael Navarro-Fuertes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46010 València, Spain; (C.A.); (D.L.-P.); (I.N.-F.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Antonio Abad-Somovilla
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46010 València, Spain; (C.A.); (D.L.-P.); (I.N.-F.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Josep Vicent Mercader
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Radicicol, a Novel Lead Compound against the Migratory-Stage Schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:AAC.01781-20. [PMID: 33361311 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01781-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis poses a serious threat to human health and remains a major tropical and parasitic disease in more than 70 countries. Praziquantel (PZQ) has been the primary treatment for schistosomiasis for nearly 4 decades. However, its efficacy against migratory-stage schistosomula is limited. Radicicol (RAD), a β-resorcylic acid lactone derived from Paecilomyces sp. strain SC0924, was investigated as an alternative treatment for Schistosoma japonicum In vitro tests showed that within 72 h, RAD (10 μmol/liter) completely killed schistosomula of both skin and liver stages with an efficacy significantly higher than that of PZQ, although it was less potent against adult worms than PZQ. In vivo, RAD reduced worm burdens and liver eggs by 91.18% and 86.01%, respectively, by killing migratory-stage schistosomula. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that RAD damaged the epiderm and tegument morphology of S. japonicum worms at various stages and altered their motility to different degrees. RAD exhibited schistosomicidal effects at different stages in vitro and in vivo, especially at the migratory stage, implying that its mechanism could be different from that of PZQ. Collectively, these results showed that RAD is promising as a lead for the development of drugs to control the migratory-stage schistosomula of S. japonicum.
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Kim Y, Sengupta S, Sim T. Natural and Synthetic Lactones Possessing Antitumor Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031052. [PMID: 33494352 PMCID: PMC7865919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, accounting for an estimated 8 million deaths each year. As a result, there have been urgent unmet medical needs to discover novel oncology drugs. Natural and synthetic lactones have a broad spectrum of biological uses including anti-tumor, anti-helminthic, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Particularly, several natural and synthetic lactones have emerged as anti-cancer agents over the past decades. In this review, we address natural and synthetic lactones focusing on their anti-tumor activities and synthetic routes. Moreover, we aim to highlight our journey towards chemical modification and biological evaluation of a resorcylic acid lactone, L-783277 (4). We anticipate that utilization of the natural and synthetic lactones as novel scaffolds would benefit the process of oncology drug discovery campaigns based on natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Sandip Sengupta
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science (Brain Korea 21 Project), College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-0797
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7
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Nguyen HTT, Choi S, Kim S, Lee JH, Park AR, Yu NH, Yoon H, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Choi GJ, Son H, Kim JC. The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:371. [PMID: 32300352 PMCID: PMC7144829 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are great resources for the identification of useful natural products such as antimicrobial agents. In this study, we performed the antifungal screening of various plant endophytic fungi against the dollar spot pathogen Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and finally selected Humicola sp. JS-0112 as a potential biocontrol agent. The bioactive compound produced by the strain JS-0112 was identified as monorden known as an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Monorden exhibited strong antagonistic activity against most tested plant pathogenic fungi particularly against tree pathogens and oomycetes with the minimum inhibitory concentration values less than 2.5 μg mL-1. Extensive in planta assays revealed that monorden effectively suppressed the development of several important plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, wheat leaf rust, creeping bentgrass dollar spot, and cucumber damping-off. Especially, it showed much stronger disease control efficacy against cucumber damping-off than a synthetic fungicide chlorothalonil. Subsequent molecular genetic analysis of fission yeast and Fusarium graminearum suggested that Hsp90 is a major inhibitory target of monorden, and sequence variation among fungal Hsp90 is a determinant for the dissimilar monorden sensitivity of fungi. This is the first report dealing with the disease control efficacy and antifungal mechanism of monorden against fungal plant diseases and we believe that monorden can be used as a lead molecule for developing novel fungicides with new action mechanism for the control of plant diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T. T. Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- GPS Screen Team, Drug R&D Institute, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Therapeutic & Biotechnology Division, Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hokyoung Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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The Right Tool for the Job: An Overview of Hsp90 Inhibitors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:135-146. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Shi T, Wijeratne EMK, Solano C, Ambrose AJ, Ross AB, Norwood C, Orido CK, Grigoryan T, Tillotson J, Kang M, Luo G, Keegan BM, Hu W, Blagg BSJ, Zhang DD, Gunatilaka AAL, Chapman E. An Isoform-Selective PTP1B Inhibitor Derived from Nitrogen-Atom Augmentation of Radicicol. Biochemistry 2019; 58:3225-3231. [PMID: 31298844 PMCID: PMC8610018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A library of natural products and their derivatives was screened for inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B, which is a validated drug target for the treatment of obesity and type II diabetes. Of those active in the preliminary assay, the most promising was compound 2 containing a novel pyrrolopyrazoloisoquinolone scaffold derived by treating radicicol (1) with hydrazine. This nitrogen-atom augmented radicicol derivative was found to be PTP1B selective relative to other highly homologous nonreceptor PTPs. Biochemical evaluation, molecular docking, and mutagenesis revealed 2 to be an allosteric inhibitor of PTP1B with a submicromolar Ki. Cellular analyses using C2C12 myoblasts indicated that 2 restored insulin signaling and increased glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoda Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 200062
| | - E. M. Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Cristian Solano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Andrew J. Ambrose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Alison B. Ross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Charles Norwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Charles K. Orido
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tigran Grigoryan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Joseph Tillotson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Minjin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Bradley M. Keegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Wenhao Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Donna D. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 East Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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10
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Exploitation of differential electronic densities for the stereoselective reduction of ketones bearing a masked amino surrogate. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Zhou B, Li L, Liu X, Tan TD, Liu J, Ye LW. Yttrium-Catalyzed Tandem Intermolecular Hydroalkoxylation/Claisen Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2017; 82:10149-10157. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tong-De Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinxian Liu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Longyan University, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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12
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Ajvazi N, Stavber S. Transformation of Tertiary Benzyl Alcohols into the Vicinal Halo-Substituted Derivatives Using N-Halosuccinimides. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101325. [PMID: 27706096 PMCID: PMC6273677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of direct conversion of tertiary alcohols bearing a β-hydrogen atom to vicinal halohydrins—chlorohydrins and bromohydrins—under green reaction conditions was tested preliminarily on model tertiary benzyl alcohols. Tertiary alcohols were successfully directly halogenated to vicinal halohydrins with N-halosuccinimide in aqueous media. The efficiency of the reaction in water was significantly improved in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate as the surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njomza Ajvazi
- Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Stojan Stavber
- Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins CIPKeBiP (Seat at Jožef Stefan Institute), Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Jun KY, Kwon Y. Proposal of Dual Inhibitor Targeting ATPase Domains of Topoisomerase II and Heat Shock Protein 90. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:453-68. [PMID: 27582553 PMCID: PMC5012869 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a conserved ATPase domain in topoisomerase II (topo II) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) which belong to the GHKL (gyrase, Hsp90, histidine kinase, and MutL) family. The inhibitors that target each of topo II and Hsp90 are intensively studied as anti-cancer drugs since they play very important roles in cell proliferation and survival. Therefore the development of dual targeting anti-cancer drugs for topo II and Hsp90 is suggested to be a promising area. The topo II and Hsp90 inhibitors, known to bind to their ATP binding site, were searched. All the inhibitors investigated were docked to both topo II and Hsp90. Four candidate compounds as possible dual inhibitors were selected by analyzing the molecular docking study. The pharmacophore model of dual inhibitors for topo II and Hsp90 were generated and the design of novel dual inhibitor was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Yeon Jun
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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14
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Verma S, Goyal S, Jamal S, Singh A, Grover A. Hsp90: Friends, clients and natural foes. Biochimie 2016; 127:227-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Shen W, Mao H, Huang Q, Dong J. Benzenediol lactones: a class of fungal metabolites with diverse structural features and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:747-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Khandelwal A, Crowley VM, Blagg BSJ. Natural Product Inspired N-Terminal Hsp90 Inhibitors: From Bench to Bedside? Med Res Rev 2015; 36:92-118. [PMID: 26010985 DOI: 10.1002/med.21351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp90) are responsible for the conformational maturation of nascent polypeptides and the rematuration of denatured proteins. Proteins dependent upon Hsp90 are associated with all six hallmarks of cancer. Upon Hsp90 inhibition, protein substrates are degraded via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Consequentially, inhibition of Hsp90 offers a therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of cancer. Natural product inhibitors of Hsp90 have been identified in vitro, which have served as leads for the development of more efficacious inhibitors and analogs that have entered clinical trials. This review highlights the development of natural product analogs, as well as the development of clinically important inhibitors that arose from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Khandelwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
| | - Vincent M Crowley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
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Brandvold KR, Morimoto RI. The Chemical Biology of Molecular Chaperones--Implications for Modulation of Proteostasis. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:2931-47. [PMID: 26003923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is inextricably tied to cellular health and organismal lifespan. Aging, exposure to physiological and environmental stress, and expression of mutant and metastable proteins can cause an imbalance in the protein-folding landscape, which results in the formation of non-native protein aggregates that challenge the capacity of the proteostasis network (PN), increasing the risk for diseases associated with misfolding, aggregation, and aberrant regulation of cell stress responses. Molecular chaperones have central roles in each of the arms of the PN (protein synthesis, folding, disaggregation, and degradation), leading to the proposal that modulation of chaperone function could have therapeutic benefits for the large and growing family of diseases of protein conformation including neurodegeneration, metabolic diseases, and cancer. In this review, we will discuss the current strategies used to tune the PN through targeting molecular chaperones and assess the potential of the chemical biology of proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer R Brandvold
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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18
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Brand LJ, Olson ME, Ravindranathan P, Guo H, Kempema AM, Andrews TE, Chen X, Raj GV, Harki DA, Dehm SM. EPI-001 is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma modulator with inhibitory effects on androgen receptor expression and activity in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:3811-24. [PMID: 25669987 PMCID: PMC4414155 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a driver of prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth and disease progression. Therapies for advanced PCa exploit AR dependence by blocking the production or action of androgens, but these interventions inevitably fail via multiple mechanisms including mutation or deletion of the AR ligand binding domain (LBD). Thus, the development of new inhibitors which act through non-LBD interfaces is an unmet clinical need. EPI-001 is a bisphenol A-derived compound shown to bind covalently and inhibit the AR NH2-terminal domain (NTD). Here, we demonstrate that EPI-001 has general thiol alkylating activity, resulting in multilevel inhibitory effects on AR in PCa cell lines and tissues. At least one secondary mechanism of action associated with AR inhibition was found to be selective modulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). These multi-level effects of EPI-001 resulted in inhibition of transcriptional activation units (TAUs) 1 and 5 of the AR NTD, and reduced AR expression. EPI-001 inhibited growth of AR-positive and AR-negative PCa cell lines, with the highest sensitivity observed in LNCaP cells. Overall, this study provides new mechanistic insights to the chemical biology of EPI-001, and raises key issues regarding the use of covalent inhibitors of the intrinsically unstructured AR NTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J. Brand
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Margaret E. Olson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Preethi Ravindranathan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aaron M. Kempema
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy E. Andrews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ganesh V. Raj
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel A. Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott M. Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Ascorbic acid inhibition of Candida albicans Hsp90-mediated morphogenesis occurs via the transcriptional regulator Upc2. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2014; 13:1278-89. [PMID: 25084864 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00096-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Morphogenetic transitions of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans are influenced by temperature changes, with induction of filamentation upon a shift from 30 to 37°C. Hsp90 was identified as a major repressor of an elongated cell morphology at low temperatures, as treatment with specific inhibitors of Hsp90 results in elongated growth forms at 30°C. Elongated growth resulting from a compromised Hsp90 is considered neither hyphal nor pseudohyphal growth. It has been reported that ascorbic acid (vitamin C) interferes with the yeast-to-hypha transition in C. albicans. In the present study, we show that ascorbic acid also antagonizes the morphogenetic change caused by hampered Hsp90 function. Further analysis revealed that Upc2, a transcriptional regulator of genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis, and Erg11, the target of azole antifungals, whose expression is in turn regulated by Upc2, are required for this antagonism. Ergosterol levels correlate with elongated growth and are reduced in cells treated with the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GdA) and restored by cotreatment with ascorbic acid. In addition, we show that Upc2 appears to be required for ascorbic acid-mediated inhibition of the antifungal activity of fluconazole. These results identify Upc2 as a major regulator of ascorbic acid-induced effects in C. albicans and suggest an association between ergosterol content and elongated growth upon Hsp90 compromise.
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Gómez-Suárez A, Gasperini D, Vummaleti SVC, Poater A, Cavallo L, Nolan SP. Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Homoallylic Ketones. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500806m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Danila Gasperini
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Sai V. C. Vummaleti
- KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de
Química, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi sn, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Universita’ di Salerno, Via Papa
Paolo Giovanni II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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Mejia EJ, Loveridge S, Stepan G, Tsai A, Jones GS, Barnes T, White KN, Drašković M, Tenney K, Tsiang M, Geleziunas R, Cihlar T, Pagratis N, Tian Y, Yu H, Crews P. Study of marine natural products including resorcyclic acid lactones from Humicola fuscoatra that reactivate latent HIV-1 expression in an in vitro model of central memory CD4+ T cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:618-24. [PMID: 24495105 PMCID: PMC3993908 DOI: 10.1021/np400889x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An extract of Humicola fuscoatra (UCSC strain no. 108111A) was shown to reactivate latent HIV-1 expression in an in vitro model of central memory CD4+ T cells. We report the bioassay-guided isolation and structure determination of several resorcyclic acid lactones, including four known compounds, radicicol (1, aka. monorden) and pochonins B (2), C (3), and N (4), and three new analogues, radicicols B-D (5-7). Compounds 1-3 and 5 showed moderate activities in the memory T cell model of HIV-1 latency. Radicicol (1) displayed lower potency in reactivating latent HIV-1 (EC50 = 9.1 μM) relative to the HDAC inhibitors apicidin (EC50 = 0.3 μM), romidepsin (EC50 = 0.003 μM), and SAHA (EC50 = 0.6 μM); however, it achieved equivalent maximum efficacy relative to the positive control compounds (98% of SAHA and romidepsin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Mejia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Steven
T. Loveridge
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - George Stepan
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Angela Tsai
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Gregg S. Jones
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Tiffany Barnes
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Kimberly N. White
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Marija Drašković
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Karen Tenney
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Manuel Tsiang
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Romas Geleziunas
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Tomas Cihlar
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Nikos Pagratis
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Yang Tian
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Helen Yu
- Gilead
Sciences Inc., Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Tel: 831-459-2603. Fax: 831-459-2935. E-mail:
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Kitson RRA, Moody CJ. Learning from nature: advances in geldanamycin- and radicicol-based inhibitors of Hsp90. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5117-41. [PMID: 23496136 DOI: 10.1021/jo4002849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been fundamental in the development of new therapeutic agents predicated on the inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). This Perspective describes the influential role of the benzoquinone ansamycin geldanamycin and the resorcylic acid macrolactone radicicol not only in driving forward drug discovery programs but also in inspiring organic chemists to develop innovative methodology for the synthesis of natural products and analogues with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell R A Kitson
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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24
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Discovery and development of natural heat shock protein 90 inhibitors in cancer treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Torabi P, Azizian J, Zomorodbakhsh S. H2TPP organocatalysis in mild and highly regioselective ring opening of epoxides to halo alcohols by means of halogen elements. Molecules 2012; 17:5508-19. [PMID: 22572933 PMCID: PMC6268510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We found that elemental iodine and bromine are converted to trihalide nucleophiles (triiodine and tribromide anion, respectively) in the presence of catalytic amounts of meso-tetraphenylporphyrins (H2TPP). Therefore a highly regioselective method for the synthesis of beta-haloalcohols through direct ring opening of epoxides with elemental iodine and bromine in the presence of H2TPPs as new catalysts is described. At room temperature a series of epoxide derivatives were converted into the corresponding halohydrins resulting from an attack of trihalide species anion atoms at the less substituted carbon atom. This method occurs under neutral and mild conditions with high yields in various aprotic solvents, even when sensitive functional groups are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Torabi
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr Branch, Mahshahr 63519, Iran.
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Wei H, Xu L, Yu M, Zhang L, Wang H, Wei X, Ruan Y. Monocillin II Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Growth Partially by Inhibiting MAPK Pathways and CDK2 Thr160 Phosphorylation. Chembiochem 2012; 13:465-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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O'Boyle NM, Knox AJS, Price TT, Williams DC, Zisterer DM, Lloyd DG, Meegan MJ. Lead identification of β-lactam and related imine inhibitors of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6055-68. [PMID: 21920765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 is an emerging target for oncology therapeutics. Inhibitors of this molecular chaperone, which is responsible for the maintenance of a number of oncogenic proteins, have shown promise in clinical trials and represent a new and exciting area in the treatment of cancer. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors have huge structural diversity, and here we present the lead identification of novel inhibitors based on β-lactam and imine templates. β-Lactam 5 and imines 12 and 18 exhibit binding to heat shock protein 90-α with IC(50) values of 5.6 μM, 14.5 μM, and 22.1 μM, respectively. The binding affinity displayed by these compounds positions them as lead compounds for the design of future inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 based on the β-lactam and imine templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh M O'Boyle
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Zhai Q, Gong G, Liu Z, Luo Y, Xia M, Xing G, You X, Wang Y. Preclinical pharmacokinetic analysis of SNX-2112, a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2011; 65:132-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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29
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Zhai QQ, Gong GQ, Luo Y, Wang QD, Xia M, Xing GW, Li YC, Jiang JH, Liu Z, Liu QY, Wang YF. Determination of SNX-2112, a selective Hsp90 inhibitor, in plasma samples by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetics in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:1048-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhou H, Qiao K, Gao Z, Vederas JC, Tang Y. Insights into radicicol biosynthesis via heterologous synthesis of intermediates and analogs. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:41412-21. [PMID: 20961859 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.183574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resorcylic acid lactones are fungal polyketides that display diverse biological activities, with the potent Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol being an important representative member. Two fungal iterative polyketide synthases (IPKSs), Rdc5, the highly reducing IPKS, and Rdc1, the nonreducing IPKS, are required for the biosynthesis of radicicol in Pochonia chlamydosporia. In this study, the complete reconstitution of Rdc5 and Rdc1 activities both in vitro and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae uncovered the earliest resorcylic acid lactone intermediate of the radicicol biosynthetic pathway, (R)-monocillin II. The enzymatic synthesis of (R)-monocillin II confirmed the exquisite timing of the Rdc5 enoyl reductase domain. Using precursor-directed biosynthesis, the chemical modularity of the dual IPKS system was determined. Rdc1 readily accepted an N-acetylcysteamine thioester mimic of the reduced pentaketide product of Rdc5 to synthesize (R)-monocillin II with four additional iterations of polyketide elongation, indicating the C2' ketone group found in (R)-monocillin II is incorporated via the functions of Rdc1 instead of Rdc5. The involvement of the thioesterase domain in Rdc1 in macrolactonization was confirmed through both site-directed mutagenesis and domain deletion. The Rdc1 thioesterase domain was also shown to be tolerant of the opposite stereochemistry of the terminal hydroxyl nucleophile, demonstrated in the precursor-directed synthesis of the enantiomeric (S)-monocillin II. Finally, reconstitution of the halogenase Rdc2 was demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro in the synthesis of pochonin D and a new halogenated analog 6-chloro, 7',8'-dehydrozearalenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Day J, Sharp S, Rowlands M, Aherne W, Lewis W, Roe S, Prodromou C, Pearl L, Workman P, Moody C. Inhibition of Hsp90 with Resorcylic Acid Macrolactones: Synthesis and Binding Studies. Chemistry 2010; 16:10366-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Discovery and development of Hsp90 inhibitors: a promising pathway for cancer therapy. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2010; 14:412-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nakashima T, Ishii T, Tagaya H, Seike T, Nakagawa H, Kanda Y, Akinaga S, Soga S, Shiotsu Y. New molecular and biological mechanism of antitumor activities of KW-2478, a novel nonansamycin heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, in multiple myeloma cells. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:2792-802. [PMID: 20406843 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) plays an important role in chaperoning oncogenic client proteins in multiple myeloma (MM) cells, and several Hsp90 inhibitors have shown antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo. However the precise mechanism of action of Hsp90 inhibitor in MM has not been fully elucidated. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated the antitumor activities of KW-2478, a nonansamycin Hsp90 inhibitor, in MM cells with various chromosomal translocations of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) loci both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Our studies revealed that exposure of KW-2478 to MM cells resulted in growth inhibition and apoptosis, which were associated with degradation of well-known client proteins as well as a decrease in IgH translocation products (FGFR3, c-Maf, and cyclin D1), and FGFR3 was shown to be a new client protein of Hsp90 chaperon complex. In addition, KW-2478 depleted the Hsp90 client Cdk9, a transcriptional kinase, and the phosphorylated 4E-BP1, a translational inhibitor. Both inhibitory effects of KW-2478 on such transcriptional and translational pathways were shown to reduce c-Maf and cyclin D1 expression. In NCI-H929 s.c. inoculated model, KW-2478 showed a significant suppression of tumor growth and induced the degradation of client proteins in tumors. Furthermore, in a novel orthotopic MM model of i.v. inoculated OPM-2/green fluorescent protein, KW-2478 showed a significant reduction of both serum M protein and MM tumor burden in the bone marrow. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that targeting such diverse pathways by KW-2478 could be a promising strategy for the treatment of MM with various cytogenetic abnormalities.
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Zhao R, Leung E, Grüner S, Schapira M, Houry WA. Tamoxifen enhances the Hsp90 molecular chaperone ATPase activity. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9934. [PMID: 20376192 PMCID: PMC2848575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hsp90 is an essential molecular chaperone that is also a novel anti-cancer drug target. There is growing interest in developing new drugs that modulate Hsp90 activity. Methodology/Principal Findings Using a virtual screening approach, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, the active metabolite of the anti-estrogen drug tamoxifen, was identified as a putative Hsp90 ligand. Surprisingly, while all drugs targeting Hsp90 inhibit the chaperone ATPase activity, it was found experimentally that 4-hydroxytamoxifen and tamoxifen enhance rather than inhibit Hsp90 ATPase. Conclusions/Significance Hence, tamoxifen and its metabolite are the first members of a new pharmacological class of Hsp90 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elisa Leung
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan Grüner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (MS); (WAH)
| | - Walid A. Houry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (MS); (WAH)
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Day J, Sharp S, Rowlands M, Aherne W, Workman P, Moody C. Targeting the Hsp90 Chaperone: Synthesis of Novel Resorcylic Acid Macrolactone Inhibitors of Hsp90. Chemistry 2010; 16:2758-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Johnson VA, Singh EK, Nazarova LA, Alexander LD, McAlpine SR. Macrocyclic inhibitors of hsp90. Curr Top Med Chem 2010; 10:1380-402. [PMID: 20536417 PMCID: PMC3105290 DOI: 10.2174/156802610792232088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of highly conserved proteins, whose expression increases in response to stresses that may threaten cell survival. Over the past decade, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for cancer as it plays a vital role in normal cell maturation and acts as a molecular chaperone for proper folding, assembly, and stabilization of many oncogenic proteins. To date, a majority of Hsp90 inhibitors that have been discovered are macrocycles. The relatively rigid conformation provided by the macrocyclic scaffold allows for a selective interaction with a biological target such as Hsp90. This review highlights the discovery and development of nine macrocycles that inhibit the function of Hsp90, detailing their potency and the client proteins affected by Hsp90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030
| | - Erinprit K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030
| | - Lidia A. Nazarova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030
| | - Leslie D. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030
| | - Shelli R. McAlpine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030
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Fukuyo Y, Hunt CR, Horikoshi N. Geldanamycin and its anti-cancer activities. Cancer Lett 2009; 290:24-35. [PMID: 19850405 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Geldanamycin is a benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic that manifests anti-cancer activity through the inhibition of HSP90-chaperone function. The HSP90 molecular chaperone is expressed at high levels in a wide variety of human cancers including melanoma, leukemia, and cancers in colon, prostate, lung, and breast. In cancer cells dependent upon mutated and/or over-expressed oncogene proteins, HSP90 is thought to have a critical role in regulating the stability, folding, and activity of HSP90-associated proteins, so-called "client proteins". These client proteins include the growth-stimulating proteins and kinases that support malignant transformation. Recently, oncogenic activating BRAF mutants have been identified in variety of cancers where constitutive activation of the MEK/ERK MAPK signaling pathway is the key for tumorigenesis, and they have been shown to be client proteins for HSP90. Accordingly, HSP90 inhibition can suppress certain cancer-causing client proteins and therefore represents an important therapeutic target. The molecular mechanism underlying the anti-cancer effect of HSP90 inhibition is complicated. Geldanamycin and its derivatives have been shown to induce the depletion of mutationally-activated BRAF through several mechanisms. In this review, we will describe the HSP90-inhibitory mechanism, focusing on recent progress in understanding HSP90 chaperone structure-function relationships, the identification of new HSP90 client proteins and the development of HSP90 inhibitors for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Fukuyo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, United States
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38
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Sgobba M, Rastelli G. Structure-Based and in silico Design of Hsp90 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:1399-409. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Feldman RI, Mintzer B, Zhu D, Wu JM, Biroc SL, Yuan S, Emayan K, Chang Z, Chen D, Arnaiz DO, Bryant J, Ge XS, Whitlow M, Adler M, Polokoff MA, Li WW, Ferrer M, Sato T, Gu JM, Shen J, Tseng JL, Dinter H, Buckman B. Potent triazolothione inhibitor of heat-shock protein-90. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 74:43-50. [PMID: 19519743 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00833.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat-shock protein-90 is an attractive target for anticancer drugs, as heat-shock protein-90 blockers such as the ansamycin 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin greatly reduce the expression of many signaling molecules that are disregulated in cancer cells and are key drivers of tumor growth and metastasis. While 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin has shown promise in clinical trials, this compound class has significant template-related drawbacks. In this paper, we describe a new, potent non-ansamycin small-molecule inhibitor of heat-shock protein-90, BX-2819, containing resorcinol and triazolothione rings. Structural studies demonstrate binding of BX-2819 to the ADP/ATP-binding pocket of heat-shock protein-90. The compound blocked expression of heat-shock protein-90 client proteins in cancer cell lines and inhibited cell growth with a potency similar to 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin. In a panel of four cancer cell lines, BX-2819 blocked growth with an average IC(50) value of 32 nM (range of 7-72 nM). Efficacy studies demonstrated that treatment with BX-2819 significantly inhibited the growth of NCI-N87 and HT-29 tumors in nude mice, consistent with pharmacodynamic studies showing inhibition of heat-shock protein-90 client protein expression in tumors for greater than 16 h after dosing. These data support further studies to assess the potential of BX-2819 and related analogs for the treatment of cancer.
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Shinonaga H, Noguchi T, Ikeda A, Aoki M, Fujimoto N, Kawashima A. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of radicicol derivatives and WNT-5A expression inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4622-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2009] [Revised: 04/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zubrienė A, Matulienė J, Baranauskienė L, Jachno J, Torresan J, Michailovienė V, Cimmperman P, Matulis D. Measurement of nanomolar dissociation constants by titration calorimetry and thermal shift assay - radicicol binding to Hsp90 and ethoxzolamide binding to CAII. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:2662-2680. [PMID: 19582223 PMCID: PMC2705510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10062662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 05/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of tight protein-ligand binding reactions by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and thermal shift assay (TSA) is presented. The binding of radicicol to the N-terminal domain of human heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90alphaN) and the binding of ethoxzolamide to human carbonic anhydrase (hCAII) were too strong to be measured accurately by direct ITC titration and therefore were measured by displacement ITC and by observing the temperature-denaturation transitions of ligand-free and ligand-bound protein. Stabilization of both proteins by their ligands was profound, increasing the melting temperature by more than 10 masculineC, depending on ligand concentration. Analysis of the melting temperature dependence on the protein and ligand concentrations yielded dissociation constants equal to 1 nM and 2 nM for Hsp90alphaN-radicicol and hCAII-ethoxzolamide, respectively. The ligand-free and ligand-bound protein fractions melt separately, and two melting transitions are observed. This phenomenon is especially pronounced when the ligand concentration is equal to about half the protein concentration. The analysis compares ITC and TSA data, accounts for two transitions and yields the ligand binding constant and the parameters of protein stability, including the Gibbs free energy and the enthalpy of unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daumantas Matulis
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel. +370-5-269-1884; Fax: +370-5-260-2116
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42
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Houghton SR, Furst L, Boddy CN. Biomimetic transannular oxa-conjugate addition approach to the 2,6-disubstituted dihydropyran of laulimalide yields an unprecedented transannular oxetane. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1454-63. [PMID: 19159194 DOI: 10.1021/jo8023494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2,6-Disubstituted dihydropyrans are a common feature in many bioactive polyketides, including the anticancer marine polyketide laulimalide. While much of the uncharacterized biosynthetic pathway for laulimalide can be confidently postulated, the biosynthetic origins of the trans 2,6-disubstituted dihydropyran cannot. We hypothesize that a transannular oxa-conjugate addition in a macrocyclic laulimalide precursor could be the origin of the 2,6-dihydropyran. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a model containing the key functional groups for oxa-conjugate addition-mediated dihydropyran formation. Under acid-mediated conditions, the model under went regiospecific oxa-conjugate addition producing a stable trans oxetane as the only regioisomer. The desired, more stable dihydropyran was not detected. This unprecedented regiospecificity is unexpected due to the ring strain of the oxetane and the anticipated facile ring opening retro-oxa-conjugate addition. The oxetane is stable to acid and basic conditions, as are a number of literature acyclic oxetanes that could undergo similar retro-oxa-conjugate addition. While the source of the oxetane kinetic stability is yet to be characterized, it may enable general oxetane construction via oxa-conjugate addition. The more stable dihydropyran regioisomer could not be generated due to poor geometrical orbital alignment and hard-soft incompatibility between the hard oxygen nucleophile and the soft activated polyenoate electrophile. These factors disfavor the breaking of conjugation by oxa-conjugate addition. Based on these results we propose that dihydropyran formation does not occur on completed polyketide macrocycles as we had proposed but rather during polyketide biosynthesis on the growing polyketide chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Houghton
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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Taldone T, Sun W, Chiosis G. Discovery and development of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:2225-35. [PMID: 19017562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 10/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an important target in cancer because of its role in maintaining transformation and has recently become the focus of several drug discovery and development efforts. While compounds with different modes of action are known, the focus of this review is on those classes of compounds which inhibit Hsp90 by binding to the N-terminal ATP pocket. These include natural product inhibitors such as geldanamycin and radicicol and synthetic inhibitors comprised of purines, pyrazoles, isoxazoles and other scaffolds. The synthetic inhibitors have been discovered either by structure-based design, high throughput screening and more recently using fragment-based design and virtual screening techniques. This review will discuss the discovery of these different classes, as well as their development as potential clinical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Taldone
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 482, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Woodroofe CC, Shultz JW, Wood MG, Osterman J, Cali JJ, Daily WJ, Meisenheimer PL, Klaubert DH. N-Alkylated 6'-aminoluciferins are bioluminescent substrates for Ultra-Glo and QuantiLum luciferase: new potential scaffolds for bioluminescent assays. Biochemistry 2008; 47:10383-93. [PMID: 18771284 DOI: 10.1021/bi800505u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of 6'-alkylated aminoluciferins are shown to be bioluminescent substrates for Ultra-Glo and QuantiLum luciferases. These studies demonstrate that both the engineered and wild-type firefly luciferases tolerate much greater steric bulk at the 6' position of luciferin than has been previously reported. The nature of the alkyl substituent strongly affects the strength of the bioluminescent signal, which varies widely based on size, shape, and charge. Several compounds were observed to generate more light than the corresponding unsubstituted 6'-aminoluciferin. Determination of Michaelis-Menten constants for the substrates with Ultra-Glo indicated that the variation arises primarily from differences in V max, ranging from 1.33 x 10 (4) to 332 x 10 (4) relative light units, but in some cases K m (0.73-10.8 microM) also plays a role. Molecular modeling results suggest that interactions of the side chain with a hydrogen-bonding network at the base of the luciferin binding pocket may influence substrate-enzyme binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn C Woodroofe
- Promega Biosciences, Inc., 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, USA.
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46
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Barluenga S, Wang C, Fontaine JG, Aouadi K, Beebe K, Tsutsumi S, Neckers L, Winssinger N. Divergent synthesis of a pochonin library targeting HSP90 and in vivo efficacy of an identified inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:4432-5. [PMID: 18435518 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Barluenga
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoleculaires, Université Louis Pasteur, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Eccles SA, Massey A, Raynaud FI, Sharp SY, Box G, Valenti M, Patterson L, de Haven Brandon A, Gowan S, Boxall F, Aherne W, Rowlands M, Hayes A, Martins V, Urban F, Boxall K, Prodromou C, Pearl L, James K, Matthews TP, Cheung KM, Kalusa A, Jones K, McDonald E, Barril X, Brough PA, Cansfield JE, Dymock B, Drysdale MJ, Finch H, Howes R, Hubbard RE, Surgenor A, Webb P, Wood M, Wright L, Workman P. NVP-AUY922: a novel heat shock protein 90 inhibitor active against xenograft tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Cancer Res 2008; 68:2850-60. [PMID: 18413753 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We describe the biological properties of NVP-AUY922, a novel resorcinylic isoxazole amide heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor. NVP-AUY922 potently inhibits HSP90 (K(d) = 1.7 nmol/L) and proliferation of human tumor cells with GI(50) values of approximately 2 to 40 nmol/L, inducing G(1)-G(2) arrest and apoptosis. Activity is independent of NQO1/DT-diaphorase, maintained in drug-resistant cells and under hypoxic conditions. The molecular signature of HSP90 inhibition, comprising induced HSP72 and depleted client proteins, was readily demonstrable. NVP-AUY922 was glucuronidated less than previously described isoxazoles, yielding higher drug levels in human cancer cells and xenografts. Daily dosing of NVP-AUY922 (50 mg/kg i.p. or i.v.) to athymic mice generated peak tumor levels at least 100-fold above cellular GI(50). This produced statistically significant growth inhibition and/or regressions in human tumor xenografts with diverse oncogenic profiles: BT474 breast tumor treated/control, 21%; A2780 ovarian, 11%; U87MG glioblastoma, 7%; PC3 prostate, 37%; and WM266.4 melanoma, 31%. Therapeutic effects were concordant with changes in pharmacodynamic markers, including induction of HSP72 and depletion of ERBB2, CRAF, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, phospho-AKT/total AKT, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, determined by Western blot, electrochemiluminescent immunoassay, or immunohistochemistry. NVP-AUY922 also significantly inhibited tumor cell chemotaxis/invasion in vitro, WM266.4 melanoma lung metastases, and lymphatic metastases from orthotopically implanted PC3LN3 prostate carcinoma. NVP-AUY922 inhibited proliferation, chemomigration, and tubular differentiation of human endothelial cells and antiangiogenic activity was reflected in reduced microvessel density in tumor xenografts. Collectively, the data show that NVP-AUY922 is a potent, novel inhibitor of HSP90, acting via several processes (cytostasis, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis) to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. NVP-AUY922 has entered phase I clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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Ganesh T, Min J, Thepchatri P, Du Y, Li L, Lewis I, Wilson L, Fu H, Chiosis G, Dingledine R, Liotta D, Snyder JP, Sun A. Discovery of aminoquinolines as a new class of potent inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90): Synthesis, biology, and molecular modeling. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6903-10. [PMID: 18571929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 plays important roles in maintaining malignant phenotypes. Recent studies suggest that Hsp90 exerts high-affinity interactions with multiple oncoproteins, which are essential for the growth of tumor cells. As a result, research has focused on finding Hsp90 probes as potential and selective anticancer agents. In a high-throughput screening exercise, we identified quinoline 7 as a moderate inhibitor of Hsp90. Further hit identification, SAR studies, and biological investigation revealed several synthetic analogs in this series with micromolar activities in both fluorescent polarization (FP) assay and a cell-based Western blot (WB) assay. These compounds represent a new class of Hsp90 inhibitors with simple chemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thota Ganesh
- Chemical Biology Discovery Center, 1510 Clifton Road, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Barluenga S, Wang C, Fontaine JG, Aouadi K, Beebe K, Tsutsumi S, Neckers L, Winssinger N. Divergent Synthesis of a Pochonin Library Targeting HSP90 and In Vivo Efficacy of an Identified Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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The Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol interacts with the ATP-binding pocket of bacterial sensor kinase PhoQ. J Mol Biol 2008; 379:82-93. [PMID: 18440021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sensor kinases in the bacterial two-component system share a unique ATP-binding Bergerat fold with the GHL (gyrase, Hsp90, and MutL) family of proteins. We demonstrated that selected GHL inhibitors bind to the catalytic domain of sensor kinase PhoQ (PhoQcat) using NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments. Using crystallographic approaches, we show that radicicol (an Hsp90 inhibitor) binds and interacts specifically with residues in the ATP-binding pocket of PhoQ. The interaction between radicicol and PhoQcat demonstrates significant similarities as well as differences compared to AMPPNP (a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog) bound to PhoQcat and radicicol bound to Hsp90. Our results suggest that GHL inhibitors may be useful lead compounds for developing sensor kinase inhibitors.
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