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Zhao X, Chen K, Wang J, Qiu Y. Analysis of Prospective Genetic Indicators for Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic in Newborn Cord Blood of Using Machine Learning. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2466-2473. [PMID: 37740142 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Using a machine learning methods, we aim to find biological effect biomarkers of prenatal arsenic exposure in newborn cord blood. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, two datasets (GSE48354 and GSE7967) pertaining to cord blood sequencing while exposed to arsenic were retrieved and merged for additional study. Using the "limma" package in the R, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were eliminated. Machine learning techniques of the LASSO regression algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm were used to find potential biological effect biomarkers for cord blood sequencing in pregnant women exposed to arsenic. To evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used. Furthermore, we investigated the proportion of invading immune cells in each sample using CIBERSORT, and we investigated the relationship between biomarkers and immune cells using the Spearman approach. Using LASSO regression and the SVM-RFE technique, 28 DEGs were discovered, and the main biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic were discovered to be DENND2D, OLIG1, RGS18, CXCL16, DDIT4, FOS, G0S2, GPR183, JMJD6, and SOCS3. According to an immune infiltration analysis and correlation analysis, key biomarkers were substantially associated with the invading immune cells. Ten genes are important biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic connected with infiltrating immune cells, and infiltrating immune cells may play important roles in cord blood exposed to arsenic, according to the study's findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China.
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Yang F, Hu D, Du S, Wu L, Gong M, Zhang Y, Yang X, Yang Y, Chen R, Xu Y, Zeng Q. Assessing the double-edged of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein beta signaling pathway in arsenic-induced skin damage and its potential foodborne interventions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2867-2880. [PMID: 37565747 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure is a major environmental public health challenge worldwide. As typical manifestations for arsenic exposure, the pathogenesis of arsenic-induced skin lesions has not been fully elucidated, as well as the lack of effective control measures. In this study, we first determined the short-term and high-dose arsenic exposure can increase the apoptosis rates, while long-term low-dose arsenic exposure decrease the apoptosis rates. Then, the HaCaT cells with knockdown and overexpression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β (CEBPB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were constructed. The results demonstrate that knockdown of CEBPB and ERK can reduce NaAsO2 -induced cell apoptosis by inhibiting ERK/CEBPB signaling pathway and vice versa. Further cells were treated with Kaji-Ichigoside F1 (KF1). The results clearly show that KF1 can decrease the arsenic-induced cell apoptosis rates and the expression of ERK/CEBPB signaling pathway-related genes. These results provide evidence that ERK/CEBPB signaling pathway acts as a double-edged sword in arsenic-induced skin damage. Another interesting finding was that KF1 can alleviate arsenic-induced skin cell apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK/CEBPB signaling pathway. This study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of arsenic-induced skin cell apoptosis, and our findings will help to identify a potential food-borne intervention in arsenic detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dexiu Hu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sufei Du
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liping Wu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Maoyuan Gong
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xingcan Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruobi Chen
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Ecological Food Creation Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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3
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So KY, Oh SH. Arsenite-induced cytotoxicity is regulated by poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 activation and parthanatos in p53-deficient H1299 cells: The roles of autophagy and p53. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:78-85. [PMID: 36958258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a double-edged sword metalloid since it is both an environmental carcinogen and a chemopreventive agent. Arsenic cytotoxicity can be dependent or independent of the tumor suppressor p53. However, the effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of arsenic cytotoxicity in p53-deficient cells are still unclear. Here, we report a distinctive cell death mode via PARP-1 activation by arsenic in p53-deficient H1299 cells. H1299 (p53-/-) cells showed higher sensitivity to sodium arsenite (NaAR) than H460 (p53+/+) cells. H460 cells induced canonical apoptosis through caspase-dependent poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) cleavage and induced the expression of phospho-p53 and p21. However, H1299 cells induced poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) polymer accumulation and caspase-independent parthanatos, which was inhibited by 3-aminobenzamide (AB) and nicotinamide (NAM). Fractionation studies revealed the mitochondrial translocation of PAR polymers and nuclear translocation of the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Although the exposure of NaAR to p53-overexpressing H1299 cells increased the PAR polymer levels, it inhibited parthanatos by inducing p21 and phospho-p53 expression. LC3-II and p62 accumulated in a NaAR dose- and exposure time-dependent manner, and this accumulation was further enhanced by autophagy inhibition, indicating that arsenic inhibits autophagic flux. p53 overexpression led to a decrease in the p62 levels, an increase in the LC3-II levels, and reduced parthanatos, indicating that arsenic induces p53-dependent functional autophagy. These results show that the NaAR-induced cytotoxicity in p53-deficient H1299 cells is regulated by PARP-1 activation-mediated parthanatos, which is promoted by autophagy inhibition. This suggests that PARP-1 activation could be used as an effective therapeutic approach for arsenic toxicity in p53-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keum-Young So
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- School of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Mukherjee AG, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. The interplay of arsenic, silymarin, and NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114614. [PMID: 36753973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity is one of the most trending reasons for several malfunctions, particularly reproductive toxicity. The exact mechanism of arsenic poisoning is a big question mark. Exposure to arsenic reduces sperm count, impairs fertilization, and causes inflammation and genotoxicity through interfering with autophagy, epigenetics, ROS generation, downregulation of essential protein expression, metabolite changes, and hampering several signaling cascades, particularly by the alteration of NF-ĸB pathway. This work tries to give a clear idea about the different aspects of arsenic resulting in male reproductive complications, often leading to infertility. The first part of this article explains the implications of arsenic poisoning and the crosstalk of the NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity. Silymarin is a bioactive compound that exerts anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties and has demonstrated hopeful outcomes in several cancers, including colon cancer, breast cancer, and skin cancer, by downregulating the hyperactive NF-ĸB pathway. The next half of this article thus sheds light on silymarin's therapeutic potential in inhibiting the NF-ĸB signaling cascade, thus offering protection against arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
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Wu L, Yang F, Du S, Hu T, Wei S, Wang G, Zeng Q, Luo P. Inorganic arsenic promotes apoptosis of human immortal keratinocytes through the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1321-1331. [PMID: 35142421 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high-dose inorganic arsenic through groundwater, air, or food remains a major environmental public health issue worldwide. Apoptosis, a method of cell death, has recently become a hot topic of research in biology and medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is related to arsenic-induced apoptosis. However, the reports are contradictory, and the knowledge of the above-mentioned mechanisms and their mutual regulation remains limited. In this study, the associations between the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway and arsenic-induced cell apoptosis were confirmed using the HaCaT cell model. The relative expressions of the indicators of the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway, apoptosis-related genes (cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax), the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the total apoptosis rate were significantly increased (P < .05), while the expression of the antiapoptosis gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P < .05) in cells of the group exposed to arsenic. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) and TGF-β1 inhibitor (LY364947) could inhibit the activation of the ERK signaling pathway, thereby reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential, the total apoptosis rate, and the expression of pro-apoptosis-related genes in the cells, while the expression of the antiapoptosis gene Bcl-2 was significantly increased (P < .05). By contrast, the recombinant human TGF-β1 could promote apoptosis of the HaCaT cells by increasing the activation of the ERK signaling pathway (P < .05). These results indicate that inorganic arsenic promotes the apoptosis of human immortal keratinocytes through the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sufei Du
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Hu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shaofeng Wei
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoze Wang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Ioannou PV. Trithioarsenites [(RS)3As], dithioarsonites [R-As(SR′)2] and thioarsinites [R2As-SR′]: Preparations, chemical, biochemical and biological properties. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to P(V) compounds, As(V) compounds can very easily reduced by thiols to As(III) thiolates that are deemed to play a central role in the metabolism of arsenic and therefore a review on the preparation and properties of the title thiolates can be of interest. The preparation of trithioarsenites, dithioarsonites and thioarsinites involves reactions of a thiol with a proper As(V) or As(III) precursor via 4-centered transition states or a thiolate by SN2 mechanisms. Convenient precursors are the solids As2O3, arsonic and arsinic acids, although for the latter two acids the separation of the product from the co-produced disulfides can be problematic. Only a few crystal structures have been reported and involve only trithioarsenites. From their chemical properties, the hydrolyses, transthiolations and air oxidations are of particular interest from mechanistic and biochemical/biological points of view. Their nucleophilicity towards alkyl halides and acyl derivatives revealed unexpected behavior. Although these molecules have many free electron pairs only three reports were found pertaining to their reaction with metal cations (Hg2+) and metal carbonyls; the mercuric complexes being not characterized. Only a few studies appeared for the action of the title compounds towards enzymes, while the patent literature revealed that they have bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activities for agricultural applications, some have antiparasitic activity on animals and a few are carcinostatic.
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Costa MR, Gošar D, Pinti M, Ferreira A, Bergant Marušič M. In vitro toxicity of arsenic rich waters from an abandoned gold mine in northeast Portugal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111683. [PMID: 34270993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This is a follow-up study of physicochemical water monitoring data from the abandoned Freixeda gold mine in Portugal, where arsenic (As) has remained above drinking water and irrigation limits over the years. The main objective of the current work was to investigate the toxicological potential of As-containing water on human cell line as an indicator of a potential health risk to humans. Six water samples collected in February 2018 were analysed for arsenic, major anions, cations and trace elements. Toxicity experiments were carried out on the human gastrointestinal cell line Caco-2 with five water samples containing As above 10 μg L-1. The results show that groundwater contains higher amounts of dissolved minerals than surface water, particularly with higher concentrations of SO42-, Fe and HCO3- and also higher As(III), reaching 336 μg L-1 (As(T) = 607 μg L-1). In surface waters As concentration decreased and reached 150 μg L-1, mainly as As(V). Metabolic activity was generally lower in Caco-2 cells exposed to As-containing water samples compared to pure As(III) solution, adapted to As concentrations, while production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was higher. Short-term exposure to As-contaminated water samples also resulted in increased genotoxicity. This study suggests that mixture of As with various chemical elements in water may have a synergistic effect in promoting cytotoxicity. It is likely that prolonged exposure, as is common in areas with contaminated water, would have even more harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Costa
- Geology Department of UTAD, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal; GeoBioTec, Geosciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro Santiago Campus, Portugal.
| | - Doroteja Gošar
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Glavni trg 8, SI-5271, Vipava, Slovenia
| | - Marika Pinti
- Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, SI-5000, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Adelaide Ferreira
- LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P., Rua da Amieira, Ap. 1089, 4466-901, S. Mamede de Infesta, Portugal.
| | - Martina Bergant Marušič
- Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, SI-5000, Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
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Environmental and Health Hazards of Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Wood: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115518. [PMID: 34063914 PMCID: PMC8196618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper chrome arsenate (CCA) water-borne solution used to be widely used to make timber highly resistant to pests and fungi, in particular, wood products designed for outdoor use. Nowadays, CCA is a restricted chemical product in most countries, since potential environmental and health risks were reported due to dermal contact with CCA residues from treated structures and the surrounding soil, as well as the contamination of soils. However, large quantities of CCA-treated timber are still in use in framings, outdoor playground equipment, landscaping, building poles, jetty piles, and fencing structures around the world, thus CCA remains a source of pollutants to the environment and of increasing toxic metal/metalloid exposure (mainly in children). International efforts have been dedicated to the treatment of materials impregnated with CCA, however not only does some reuse of CCA-treated timber still occur, but also existing structures are leaking the toxic compounds into the environment, with impacts on the environment and animal and human health. This study highlights CCA mechanisms and the documented consequences in vivo of its exposure, as well as the adverse environmental and health impacts.
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Medda N, De SK, Maiti S. Different mechanisms of arsenic related signaling in cellular proliferation, apoptosis and neo-plastic transformation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111752. [PMID: 33396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic heavy metal vastly dispersed all over the earth crust. It manifests several major adverse health issues to millions of arsenic exposed populations. Arsenic is associated with different types of cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, hypertension and many other diseases. On the contrary, arsenic (arsenic trioxide, As2O3) is used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Balance between arsenic induced cellular proliferations and apoptosis finally decide the outcome of its transformation rate. Arsenic propagates signals via cellular and nuclear pathways depending upon the chemical nature, and metabolic-fates of the arsenical compounds. Arsenic toxicity is propagated via ROS induced stress to DNA-repair mechanism and mitochondrial stability in the cell. ROS induced alteration in p53 regulation and some mitogen/ oncogenic functions determine the transformation outcome influencing cyclin-cdk complexes. Growth factor regulator proteins such as c-Jun, c-fos and c-myc are influenced by chronic arsenic exposure. In this review we have delineated arsenic induced ROS regulations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), NF-ĸβ, MAP kinase, matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs). The role of these signaling molecules has been discussed in relation to cellular apoptosis, cellular proliferation and neoplastic transformation. The arsenic stimulated pathways which help in proliferation and neoplastic transformation ultimately resulted in cancer manifestation whereas apoptotic pathways inhibited carcinogenesis. Therapeutic strategies against arsenic should be designed taking into account all these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Medda
- Center for Life Sciences, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India; Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Kumar De
- Professor, Dept. of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India; (on lien) Vice Chancellor, Mahatma Gandhi University, Purba Medinipur, 721628, West Bengal, India.
| | - Smarajit Maiti
- Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India.
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Sanders VA, Cutler CS. Radioarsenic: A promising theragnostic candidate for nuclear medicine. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:184-201. [PMID: 32376084 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is a non-invasive process that enables the visualization, characterization, and quantitation of biological processes at the molecular and cellular level. With the emergence of theragnostic agents to diagnose and treat disease for personalized medicine there is a growing need for matched pairs of isotopes. Matched pairs offer the unique opportunity to obtain patient specific information from SPECT or PET diagnostic studies to quantitate in vivo function or receptor density to inform and tailor therapeutic treatment. There are several isotopes of arsenic that have emissions suitable for either or both diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy. Their half-lives are long enough to pair them with peptides and antibodies which take longer to reach maximum uptake to facilitate improved patient pharmacokinetics and dosimetry then can be obtained with shorter lived radionuclides. Arsenic-72 even offers availability from a generator that can be shipped to remote sites and thus enhances availability. Arsenic has a long history as a diagnostic agent, but until recently has suffered from limited availability, lack of suitable chelators, and concerns about toxicity have inhibited its use in nuclear medicine. However, new production methods and novel chelators are coming online and the use of radioarsenic in the pico and nanomolar scale is well below the limits associated with toxicity. This manuscript will review the production routes, separation chemistry, radiolabeling techniques and in vitro/in vivo studies of three medically relevant isotopes of arsenic (arsenic-74, arsenic-72, and arsenic-77).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A Sanders
- Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Cathy S Cutler
- Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
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Wang B, Wu Z, Wang J, Li W, Liu G, Zhang B, Tang Y. Insights into the mechanism of Arnebia euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:322. [PMID: 33109189 PMCID: PMC7590697 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arnebia euchroma (A. euchroma) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of blood diseases including leukemia. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the anti-tumor effect of shikonin and its derivatives, the major active components of A. euchroma. However, the underlying mechanism of action (MoA) for all the components of A. euchroma on leukemia has not been explored systematically. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the MoA of A. euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach. Firstly, the chemical components and their concentrations in A. euchroma as well as leukemia-related targets were collected. Next, we predicted compound-target interactions (CTIs) with our balanced substructure-drug-target network-based inference (bSDTNBI) method. The known and predicted targets of A. euchroma and leukemia-related targets were merged together to construct A. euchroma-leukemia protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network. Then, weighted compound-target bipartite network was constructed according to combination of eight central attributes with concentration information through Cytoscape. Additionally, molecular docking simulation was performed to calculate whether the components and predicted targets have interactions or not. RESULTS A total of 65 components of A. euchroma were obtained and 27 of them with concentration information, which were involved in 157 targets and 779 compound-target interactions (CTIs). Following the calculation of eight central attributes of targets in A. euchroma-leukemia PPI network, 37 targets with all central attributes greater than the median values were selected to construct the weighted compound-target bipartite network and do the KEGG pathway analysis. We found that A. euchroma candidate targets were significantly associated with several apoptosis and inflammation-related biological pathways, such as MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, IL-17 signaling, and T cell receptor signaling pathways. Moreover, molecular docking simulation demonstrated that there were eight pairs of predicted CTIs had the strong binding free energy. CONCLUSIONS This study deciphered that the efficacy of A. euchroma in the treatment of leukemia might be attributed to 10 targets and 14 components, which were associated with inhibiting leukemia cell survival and inducing apoptosis, relieving inflammatory environment and inhibiting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biting Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Jiye Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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12
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The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020240. [PMID: 32033297 PMCID: PMC7072296 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic poisoning is a global health problem. Chronic exposure to arsenic has been associated with the development of a wide range of diseases and health problems in humans. Arsenic exposure induces the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediate multiple changes to cell behavior by altering signaling pathways and epigenetic modifications, or cause direct oxidative damage to molecules. Antioxidants with the potential to reduce ROS levels have been shown to ameliorate arsenic-induced lesions. However, emerging evidence suggests that constructive activation of antioxidative pathways and decreased ROS levels contribute to chronic arsenic toxicity in some cases. This review details the pathways involved in arsenic-induced redox imbalance, as well as current studies on prophylaxis and treatment strategies using antioxidants.
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Perveen H, Dey A, Nilavar NM, Chandra GK, Islam SS, Chattopadhyay S. Dietary CCPS from bitter gourd attenuates sodium arsenite induced female reproductive ailments cum infertility in wistar rats: anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic role. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110545. [PMID: 31163222 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This investigation explored a dietary therapy of pectic polysaccharide (CCPS) (2 mg/ Kg BW) against female repro-toxicity and infertility triggered by sodium arsenite (As3+) (10 mg/ Kg BW) in Wistar rats. The isolated CCPS consists of D-galactose and D-methyl galacturonate with a molar ratio of 1: 4. FTIR spectral analysis of CCPS and CCPS- sodium arsenite (As3+) complex indicated a possible chelating property of CCPS in presence of binding sites (OH-/COOH) for As3+. Series of negatively charged galacturonate residues in CCPS provide better potential for cation chelation. CCPS significantly mitigated As3+ induced ovarian, uterine lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by the restoration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. CCPS post-treatment enhanced ovarian steroidogenesis along with a restoration of normal tissue histoarchitecture in As3+ fed rats by regulating the estradiol receptor alpha (ER-α). CCPS suppressed anti-inflammatory properties effectively found since a down-regulation of NF-kappa B (NF-қB), pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed in arsenicated rats with CCPS. This study confirmed the up-regulation of uterine pro-apoptotic/ apoptotic proteins caspase-3, poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), phospho p53 and Bax, followed by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and protein Kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway along with uterine tissue regeneration in As3+ exposed rats. Oral CCPS attenuated the above apoptotic expressional changes significantly and dietary CCPS ensured successful fertility with the birth of healthy pups in lieu of infertile condition in As3+ fed rats. Moreover, this study also supports that CCPS treatment attenuated the As3+ toxicity by modulating the S-adenosine methionine (SAM) pool components, B12, folate and homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Perveen
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Arindam Dey
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Namrata M Nilavar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Chandra
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, 673 601, Kerala, India
| | - Syed Sirajul Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
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Rahman MM, Hossain KFB, Banik S, Sikder MT, Akter M, Bondad SEC, Rahaman MS, Hosokawa T, Saito T, Kurasaki M. Selenium and zinc protections against metal-(loids)-induced toxicity and disease manifestations: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:146-163. [PMID: 30384162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metals are ubiquitous in the environment due to huge industrial applications in the form of different chemicals and from extensive mining activities. The frequent exposures to metals and metalloids are crucial for the human health. Trace metals are beneficial for health whereas non-essential metals are dangerous for the health and some are proven etiological factors for diseases including cancers and neurological disorders. The interactions of essential trace metals such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) with non-essential metals viz. lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) in biological system are very critical and complex. A huge number of studies report the protective role of Se and Zn against metal toxicity, both in animal and cellular levels, and also explain the numerous mechanisms involved. However, it has been considered that a tiny dyshomeostasis in the metals/trace metals status in biological system could induce severe deleterious effects that can manifest to numerous diseases. Thus, in this particular review, we have demonstrated the critical protection mechanism/s of Se and Zn against Cd, Pb, As and Hg toxicity in a one by one manner to clarify the up-to-date findings and perspectives. Furthermore, biomolecular consequences are comprehensively presented in light of particular cellular/biomolecular events which are somehow linked to a subsequent disease. The analyzed reports support significant protection potential of Se and Zn, either alone or in combination with other agents, against each of the abovementioned non-essential metals. However, Se and Zn are still not being used as detoxifying agents due to some unexplained reasons. We hypothesized that Se could be a potential candidate for detoxifying As and Hg regardless of their chemical speciations, but requires intensive clinical trials. However, particularly Zn-Hg interaction warrants more investigations both in animal and cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Subrata Banik
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mahmuda Akter
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Md Shiblur Rahaman
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hosokawa
- Research Division of Higher Education, Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, 060-0817 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, 060-0812 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan; Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan.
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15
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Molavi G, Samadi N, Hosseingholi EZ. The roles of moonlight ribosomal proteins in the development of human cancers. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8327-8341. [PMID: 30417503 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
"Moonlighting protein" is a term used to define a single protein with multiple functions and different activities that are not derived from gene fusions, multiple RNA splicing, or the proteolytic activity of promiscuous enzymes. Different proteinous constituents of ribosomes have been shown to have important moonlighting extra-ribosomal functions. In this review, we introduce the impact of key moonlight ribosomal proteins and dependent signal transduction in the initiation and progression of various cancers. As a future perspective, the potential role of these moonlight ribosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and development of novel strategies to improve the efficacy of therapies for human cancers has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Molavi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Arsenic-induced apoptosis in the p53-proficient and p53-deficient cells through differential modulation of NFkB pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:849-860. [PMID: 29944914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-known environmental carcinogen and an effective chemotherapeutic agent. The underlying mechanism of this dual-effect, however, is not fully understood. In this study, we applied mouse p53+/+ and p53-/- cells to examine the NFκB pathway and proinflammatory cytokines after arsenic treatment. Arsenic reduced cell viability and increased more apoptosis in the p53-/- cells as compared to p53+/+ cells, which was correlated with activation of SAPK/JNK, p38 MAPK, and AKT pathways. A transcriptional regulatory network analysis revealed that arsenic activated transcription regulatory elements E2F, Egr1, Trp53, Stat6, Bcl6, Creb2 and ATF4 in the p53+/+ cells, while in the p53-/- cells, arsenic treatment altered transcription factors NFκB, Pparg, Creb2, ATF4, and Egr1. We observed dynamic changes in phosphorylated NFκB p65 (p-NFκB p65) and phosphorylated IKKαβ (p-IKKαβ) in both genotypes from 4 h to 24 h after treatment, significant decreases of p-NFκB p65 and p-IKKαβ in the p53-/- cells, whereas increases of p-NFκB p65 and p-IKKαβ were observed in the p53+/+ cells. Our study confirmed the differential modulation of NFκB pathway by arsenic in the p53+/+ or p53-/- cells and this observation of the differential mechanism of cell death between the p53+/+ and p53-/- cells might be linked to the unique ability of arsenic to act as both a carcinogen and a chemotherapeutic agent.
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Li J, Tang G, Qin W, Yang R, Ma R, Ma B, Wei J, Lv H, Jiang Y. Toxic effects of arsenic trioxide on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces through ROS production, and Ca2+-ER stress-dependent apoptosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:579-585. [PMID: 29684096 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a severe parasitic disease that commonly affects the liver and causes abscesses or rupture into the surrounding tissues, leading to multiple complications, such as shock, severe abdominal pain, and post-treatment abscess recurrence. Currently, there are no efficient measures to prevent these complications. We previously confirmed that arsenic trioxide (As2O3) exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. In the present study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of As2O3-induced E. granulosus protoscoleces apoptosis. After exposing E. granulosus protoscoleces to 0, 4, 6, and 8 μM As2O3, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by fluorescence microscopy; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase-3 activities were measured; intracellular Ca2+ was detected by flow cytometry; GRP-78 and caspase-12 protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. Our results showed that the expression of caspase-3 was gradually increased and the expression of SOD was gradually decreased in As2O3-treated groups of protoscoleces. Simultaneously, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed that the ROS level and the intracellular Ca2+ level were increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of GRP-78 and caspase-12 were higher in As2O3-treated groups than in the control group. These results suggest that As2O3-induced apoptosis in E. granulosus protoscoleces is related to elevation of ROS level, disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. These mechanisms can be targeted in the future by safer and more effective drugs to prevent recurrence of cystic echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Guangyao Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Wenjuan Qin
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Rentan Yang
- The First People's Hospital of Jining City, Jining 272000, China
| | - Rongji Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jianfeng Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Hailong Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
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18
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Rahman MM, Uson-Lopez RA, Sikder MT, Tan G, Hosokawa T, Saito T, Kurasaki M. Ameliorative effects of selenium on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells via modulating autophagy/apoptosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 196:453-466. [PMID: 29324385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is well known toxicant responsible for human diseases including cancers. On the other hand, selenium is an essential trace element with significant chemopreventive effects, anticancer potentials and antioxidant properties. Although previous studies have reported antagonism/synergism between arsenic and selenium in biological systems, the biomolecular mechanism/s is still inconclusive. Therefore, to elucidate the molecular phenomena in cellular level, we hypothesized that co-exposure of selenium with arsenic may have suppressive effects on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity. We found that selenium in co-exposure with arsenic increases cell viability, and suppresses oxidative stress induced by arsenic in PC12 cells. Consequently, DNA fragmentation due to arsenic exposure was also reduced by arsenic and selenium co-exposure. Furthermore, western blot analyses revealed that simultaneous exposure of both metals significantly inhibited autophagy which further suppressed apoptosis through positively regulation of key proteins; p-mTOR, p-Akt, p-Foxo1A, p62, and expression of ubiquitin, Bax, Bcl2, NFкB, and caspases 3 and 9, although those are negatively regulated by arsenic. In addition, reverse transcriptase PCR analysis confirmed the involvement of caspase cascade in cell death process induced by arsenic and subsequent inhibition by co-exposure of selenium with arsenic. The cellular accumulation study of arsenic in presence/absence of selenium via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirmed that selenium effectively retarded the uptake of arsenic in PC12 cells. Finally, these findings imply that selenium is capable to modulate arsenic-induced intrinsic apoptosis pathway via enhancement of mTOR/Akt autophagy signaling pathway through employing antioxidant potentials and through inhibiting the cellular accumulation of arsenic in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Japan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Gongxun Tan
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hosokawa
- Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Japan; Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan.
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Xu J, Wise JTF, Wang L, Schumann K, Zhang Z, Shi X. Dual Roles of Oxidative Stress in Metal Carcinogenesis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2018; 36:345-376. [PMID: 29431065 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2017025229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metal causes cancer in several organs. Although the exact mechanism of heavy metal carcinogenesis remains elusive, metal-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential. ROS can play two roles in metal carcinogenesis; two stages in the process of metal carcinogenesis differ in the amounts of ROS activating a dual redox-mediated mechanism. In the early stage of metal carcinogenesis, ROS acts in an oncogenic role. However, in the late stage of metal carcinogenesis, ROS plays an antioncogenic role. Similarly, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) also has two different roles, which makes it a key molecule for separating metal carcinogenesis into two different stages. In the early stage, inducible Nrf2 fights against elevated ROS to decrease cell transformation by its antioxidant protection property. In the late stage, constitutively activated Nrf2 manipulates reduced ROS to perform a comfortable environment for apoptosis resistance through an oncogenic role. Interestingly, a cunning carcinogenic mechanism takes advantage of the dual role of Nrf2 to implement the dual role of ROS through a series of redox adaption mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the paradox in the rationales behind the two opposite ROS roles and focus on their potential pharmacological application. The dual role of ROS represents a 'double-edged sword' with many possible novel ROS-mediated strategies in cancer therapy in metal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - James T F Wise
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kortney Schumann
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Sheldon LA. Inhibition of E2F1 activity and cell cycle progression by arsenic via retinoblastoma protein. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:2058-2072. [PMID: 28880708 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1338221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of cell cycle progression by steroid hormones and growth factors is important for maintaining normal cellular processes including development and cell proliferation. Deregulated progression through the G1/S and G2/M cell cycle transitions can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer. The transcription factor E2F1, a key cell cycle regulator, targets genes encoding proteins that regulate cell cycle progression through the G1/S transition as well as proteins important in DNA repair and apoptosis. E2F1 expression and activity is inhibited by inorganic arsenic (iAs) that has a dual role as a cancer therapeutic and as a toxin that leads to diseases including cancer. An understanding of what underlies this dichotomy will contribute to understanding how to use iAs as a more effective therapeutic and also how to treat cancers that iAs promotes. Here, we show that quiescent breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells treated with 17-β estradiol (E2) progress through the cell cycle, but few cells treated with E2 + iAs progress from G1 into S-phase due to a block in cell cycle progression. Our data support a model in which iAs inhibits the dissociation of E2F1 from the tumor suppressor, retinoblastoma protein (pRB) due to changes in pRB phosphorylation which leads to decreased E2F1 transcriptional activity. These findings present an explanation for how iAs can disrupt cell cycle progression through E2F1-pRB and has implications for how iAs acts as a cancer therapeutic as well as how it may promote tumorigenesis through decreased DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn A Sheldon
- a Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Molecular and Systems Biology , Hanover , NH , USA
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21
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Trabelsi F, Khlifi R, Goux D, Guillamin M, Hamza-Chaffai A, Sichel F. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of arsenic trioxide on SQ20B human laryngeal carcinoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:349-358. [PMID: 28262482 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the cytotoxicity and the genotoxicity induced by arsenic trioxide As2O3in human laryngeal SQ20B carcinoma cell line. SQ20B cells were exposed to graded concentrations of arsenic trioxide (2 and 5μM) for 48h. Comet assay and γ-H2AX foci formation were used for measuring DNA damages, flow cytometry was used to identify cell cycle alterations and apoptosis, while cell morphology was visualized using transmission electron microscopy. The results show a dose-dependent induction of DNA damages and double strand breaks, alterations in cell cycle and morphologic alterations of cells. These results prove that As2O3 is highly cytotoxic and genotoxic at the micromolar range ina human laryngeal carcinoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Trabelsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rim Khlifi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Didier Goux
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CMABio, SFR ICORE, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Marilyne Guillamin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CMABio, SFR ICORE, 14000 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Sfax University, IPEIS, BP 1172, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - François Sichel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen, France; Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, BP5026, F-14076 Caen Cedex-05, France
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22
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Li SW, Sun X, He Y, Guo Y, Zhao HJ, Hou ZJ, Xing MW. Assessment of arsenic trioxide in the heart of Gallus gallus: alterations of oxidative damage parameters, inflammatory cytokines, and cardiac enzymes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5781-5790. [PMID: 28054265 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the chicken heart, and 72 1-day-old male Hy-line chickens were fed either a commercial diet (C group) or an arsenic supplement diet containing 7.5 mg/kg (L group), 15 mg/kg (M group), or 30 mg/kg (H group) As2O3 for 90 days. The results showed that exposure to As2O3 merely lowered (P < 0.05) the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in M and H groups at 90 days, significantly downregulated the inhibition ability of hydroxyl radicals (OH·), and upregulated (P < 0.05) the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in As2O3 exposure groups at 30, 60, and 90 days. Meanwhile, the messenger RNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin E synthase (PTGEs)) significantly increased (P < 0.05) in As2O3 exposure groups at 30, 60, and 90 days, and histological and ultrastructural damage was observed in As2O3 exposure groups. Additionally, As2O3-induced cardiac enzyme (aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH)) levels increased (P < 0.05) at 90 days. These findings suggested that As2O3 exposure led to oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and histological and ultrastructural damage and altered the levels of cardiac enzymes in chicken heart tissues. This result may be helpful for further studies on the toxicological mechanisms of As2O3 in the chicken heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wen Li
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China
| | - Ying Guo
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jing Zhao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jun Hou
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China.
| | - Ming-Wei Xing
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, PRC, 26 Hexing Rd, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, Republic of China.
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Wu J, Feng Y, Lin H, Ho PC. Studies on Orpiment (As2S3) Quantum Dots and their Self-Assemblies. Aust J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/ch17194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The natural mineral orpiment (As2S3) has long been used in traditional medicines for various diseases, although it is poorly soluble and has resulting low bioavailability. In this study, orpiment quantum dots (QDs) belonging to rare V–VI binary QDs were first synthesised through top-down and bottom-up routes, in which a mixture of ethanolamine and triethanolamine was used as a coordinating solvent. The as-synthesised orpiment QDs have a narrow size distribution, superior solubility, strong blue photoluminescence emission, and good stability. Preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity studies show that orpiment QDs are less cytotoxic for human normal dermal fibroblast cells but more potent against murine melanoma B16 cells through induction of apoptosis. Moreover, self-assemblies of orpiment QDs were fabricated through destroying the protective surface ligand layer surrounding the inner orpiment cores by addition of an acid. The underlying driving force is probably competitive reactions between the surface amine ligand and the introduced acid, leading to the exposure of the bare inner orpiment cores with high surface energy.
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Tsai CW, Yang MD, Hsia TC, Chang WS, Hsu CM, Hsieh YH, Chung JG, Bau DT. Dithiothreitol enhanced arsenic-trioxide-induced cell apoptosis in cultured oral cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:17-27. [PMID: 26494474 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is naturally occurring toxic metalloid and drinking As2 O3 containing water are recognized to be related to increased risk of neurotoxicity, liver injury, blackfoot disease, hypertension, and cancer. On the contrary, As2 O3 has been an ancient drug used in traditional Chinese medicine with substantial anticancer activities, especially in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia as well as chronic wound healing. However, the cytotoxicity and detail mechanisms of As2 O3 action in solid cancer cells, such as oral cancer cells, are largely unknown. In this study, we have primarily cultured four pairs of tumor and nontumor cells from the oral cancer patients and treated the cells with As2 O3 alone or combined with dithiothreitol (DTT). The results showed that 0.5 μM As2 O3 plus 20 μM DTT caused a significant cell death of oral cancer cells but not the nontumor cells. Also As2 O3 plus DTT upregulated Bax and Bak, downregulated Bcl-2 and p53, caused a loss of mitochondria membrane potential in oral cancer cells. On the other way, As2 O3 also triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78, calpain 1 and 2. Our results suggest that DTT could synergistically enhance the effects of As2 O3 on killing oral cancer cells while nontoxic to the nontumor cells. The combination is promising for clinical practice in oral cancer therapy and worth further investigations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 17-27, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Tsai
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Intensive Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institution of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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25
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Chen C, Gu S, Jiang X, Zhang Z. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B is regulated by G protein signaling pathway in arsenite-induced apoptosis in HBE cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:1819-1833. [PMID: 26306706 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenite is a certainly apoptosis inducer in various cell types. However, the detailed mechanism underlying how arsenite trigger apoptosis remains elusive. In this study, using human bronchial epithelial cell as a culture system, we demonstrated that arsenite-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) resulted in the release of cytochrome c, the modulation of Fas and FasL, caspase activation, and ultimately leading to cell apoptosis. Importantly, we showed for the first time that the NF-κB-mediated apoptosis induced by arsenite was regulated by G protein-adenylate cyclase (AC)-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Inhibition of this classical G protein signaling pathway by a typical PKA inhibitor, H-89, caused the inactivation of NF-κB, the depletion of caspase-3, 8 and 9 activities, and thus reducing the level of cell apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicate that arsenite is able to trigger cell apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells through the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which can be modulated by G protein signaling pathway. These findings further suggest that inhibition of G protein-mediated pathway by specific inhibitors may be a potential strategy for the prevention of arsenite toxicity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1819-1833, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Yamaguchi Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Choijookhuu N, Hishikawa Y, Pengjam Y, Nakajima Y, Maruyama M. Arsenic acid inhibits proliferation of skin fibroblasts, and increases cellular senescence through ROS mediated MST1-FOXO signaling pathway. J Toxicol Sci 2016; 41:105-13. [PMID: 26763397 DOI: 10.2131/jts.41.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure through drinking water is a major public health problem. It causes a number of toxic effects on skin. Arsenic has been reported to inhibit cell proliferation in in vitro conditions. However, reports about the molecular mechanisms are limited. Here, we investigated the mechanism involved in arsenic acid-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation using mouse skin fibroblast cell line. The present study found that 10 ppm arsenic acid inhibited cell proliferation, without any effect on cell death. Arsenic acid induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress to DNA. It also activated the mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1); however the serine/threonine kinase Akt was downregulated. Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors are activated through phosphorylation by MST1 under stress conditions. They are inhibited by phosphorylation by Akt through external and internal stimuli. Activation of FOXOs results in their nuclear localization, followed by an increase in transcriptional activity. Our results showed that arsenic induced the nuclear translocation of FOXO1 and FOXO3a, and altered the cell cycle, with cells accumulating at the G2/M phase. These effects caused cellular senescence. Taken together, our results indicate that arsenic acid inhibited cell proliferation through cellular senescence process regulated by MST1-FOXO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
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27
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Su P, Zhang J, Wang S, Aschner M, Cao Z, Zhao F, Wang D, Chen J, Luo W. Genistein alleviates lead-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo: Involvement of multiple signaling pathways. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:153-164. [PMID: 26797587 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutant. It induces neurotoxicity and cell death by disrupting the pro- and anti-oxidative balance; however, the mechanisms of its toxicity have yet to be fully understood. The soy-derived isoflavonoid, genistein (GEN), was reported to possess neuroprotective and antioxidative properties. The present study investigated the molecular mechanisms of Pb-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro, addressing the efficacy of GEN in protecting against Pb-induced toxicity. Pb exposure was associated with reduction of cell viability and cell apoptosis, concomitant with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro, and pre-treatment with GEN markedly ameliorated the Pb-induced oxidative injury by increasing the expression of key antioxidant enzymes and the antioxidant transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Next, PKC-α activation was found after Pb exposure in vitro and pretreatment with GEN attenuated Pb-induced ROS generation by PKC-α inhibition. MAPK-NF-κB activation triggered by Pb was also inhibited by GEN. In summary, our study establishes that GEN alleviates Pb-induced impairment in spatial memory, and reduces cell apoptosis caused by Pb exposure and GEN protects neurons from Pb-induced neurotoxicity by downstream activation of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pathways via regulation of Nrf2 and MAPK-NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Su
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | | | - Zipeng Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Diya Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiangyuan Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Mandal S, Chaudhuri K. Engineered magnetic core shell nanoprobes: Synthesis and applications to cancer imaging and therapeutics. World J Biol Chem 2016; 7:158-167. [PMID: 26981204 PMCID: PMC4768120 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic core shell nanoparticles are composed of a highly magnetic core material surrounded by a thin shell of desired drug, polymer or metal oxide. These magnetic core shell nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in biomedical research, more specifically in tissue imaging, drug delivery and therapeutics. The present review discusses the up-to-date knowledge on the various procedures for synthesis of magnetic core shell nanoparticles along with their applications in cancer imaging, drug delivery and hyperthermia or cancer therapeutics. Literature in this area shows that magnetic core shell nanoparticle-based imaging, drug targeting and therapy through hyperthermia can potentially be a powerful tool for the advanced diagnosis and treatment of various cancers.
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Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Roy RV, Hitron JA, Wang L, Divya SP, Xu M, Luo J, Chen G, Zhang Z, Shi X. Antioncogenic and Oncogenic Properties of Nrf2 in Arsenic-induced Carcinogenesis. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:27090-27100. [PMID: 26385919 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.675371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As(3+)) is a carcinogen with considerable environmental and occupational relevancy. The present study shows that As(3+)-transformed human lung bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells (AsT cells) exhibit the property of apoptosis resistance. The level of basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) is very low in AsT cells in correlation with elevated expressions of both antioxidant enzymes and antiapoptotic proteins. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and p62 are constitutively expressed. These two proteins up-regulate antioxidant enzymes and antiapoptotic proteins. The knockdown of Nrf2 or p62 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) enhanced both ROS levels and As(3+)-induced apoptosis in transformed cells. AsT cells have autophagy deficiency as evidenced by reduced formation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II, GFP-LC3 puncta, and autophagy flux. Results obtained using a soft agar assay and shRNA Nrf2-transfected cells show that Nrf2 plays an antioncogenic role before transformation, whereas this transcription factor plays an oncogenic role after transformation. In addition, depletion of Nrf2 by shRNA dramatically inhibited growth and proliferation of transformed cells. Furthermore, the Nrf2 protein levels and antiapoptotic and antioxidant enzyme levels are higher in lung adenocarcinoma than in normal tissues. Collectively, this study demonstrates that a constitutively high level of Nrf2 in AsT cells up-regulates the antioxidant proteins catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. The final consequences are decreased ROS generation and increased apoptotic resistance, cell survival and proliferation, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Ram Vinod Roy
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - John Andrew Hitron
- Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Mei Xu
- Departments of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Jia Luo
- Departments of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Gang Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; Departments of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305.
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30
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Ioannou PV, Tsivgoulis GM. The reduction of p-arsanilic acid (p-aminophenylarsonic acid) to its arsonous acid or arsine oxide: A case study. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-150167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Bellavite P, Signorini A, Marzotto M, Moratti E, Bonafini C, Olioso D. Cell sensitivity, non-linearity and inverse effects. HOMEOPATHY 2015; 104:139-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Music E, Khan S, Khamis I, Heikkila JJ. Accumulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HSP32) in Xenopus laevis A6 kidney epithelial cells treated with sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride or proteasomal inhibitors. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:75-87. [PMID: 25064141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of sodium arsenite, cadmium chloride, heat shock and the proteasomal inhibitors MG132, withaferin A and celastrol on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1; also known as HSP32) accumulation in Xenopus laevis A6 kidney epithelial cells. Immunoblot analysis revealed that HO-1 accumulation was not induced by heat shock but was enhanced by sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Immunocytochemistry revealed that these metals induced HO-1 accumulation in a granular pattern primarily in the cytoplasm. Additionally, in 20% of the cells arsenite induced the formation of large HO-1-containing perinuclear structures. In cells recovering from sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride treatment, HO-1 accumulation initially increased to a maximum at 12h followed by a 50% reduction at 48 h. This initial increase in HO-1 levels was likely the result of new synthesis as it was inhibited by cycloheximide. Interestingly, treatment of cells with a mild heat shock enhanced HO-1 accumulation induced by low concentrations of sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride. Finally, we determined that HO-1 accumulation was induced in A6 cells by the proteasomal inhibitors, MG132, withaferin A and celastrol. An examination of heavy metal and proteasomal inhibitor-induced HO-1 accumulation in amphibians is of importance given the presence of toxic heavy metals in aquatic habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Music
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saad Khan
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Imran Khamis
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - John J Heikkila
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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33
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Zuryń A, Litwiniec A, Gagat M, Drzewucka J, Gackowska L, Grzanka A. The influence of arsenic trioxide on the cell cycle, apoptosis and expression of cyclin D1 in the Jurkat cell line. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1350-8. [PMID: 25258011 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 drives cell cycle progression at the G1/S transition and is believed to play a significant role in tumorigenesis, contributing to efficient proliferation of many cancer cells. Consequently, it is also recognized as an end-point biomarker of therapeutic outcome for different treatment modalities in cancer. In this study we aimed to evaluate the expression and localization of cyclin D1 in arsenic trioxide (ATO) treated Jurkat cells (lymphoblastic leukemia cell line) and to correlate these results with the extent of cell death and/or cell cycle alterations. Jurkat cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of ATO (0.2, 0.6 and 1.0μM) for 24h in standard cell culture conditions. To reach our goal we performed annexin V/PI labeling for detection of cell death and RNase/PI labeling for evaluation of cell cycle distribution, which were followed by the respective flow cytometric analyses of ATO-treated Jurkat cells. Transmission electron microscopy was applied for visualization of the cell ultrastructure. For cyclin D1 estimation a biparametric cyclinD1/cell cycle assay was done and localization of the protein was shown after immuno-labeling using light microscopy (ABC procedure) and confocal fluorescence microscopy. We found that there were no significant changes in the percentages of cyclin D1-positive cells after the treatment with ATO, but at the same time mean fluorescence intensity reflecting cyclin D1 content was gradually increasing along with the cell cycle progression, irrespective of the applied dose of the drug. On the other hand, we found a nuclear-cytoplasmic shift of this protein as a major treatment-related response, which was in good accord with an increased rate of cell death and suggested that cyclin D1 cytoplasmic degradation is an important determinant of the therapeutic efficiency of ATO in the Jurkat cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zuryń
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Litwiniec
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute Radzikow, Research Division in Bydgoszcz, Department of Genetics and Breeding of Root Crops, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 10, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Drzewucka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Lidia Gackowska
- Department of Immunology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Sharma B, Singh S, Siddiqi NJ. Biomedical implications of heavy metals induced imbalances in redox systems. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:640754. [PMID: 25184144 PMCID: PMC4145541 DOI: 10.1155/2014/640754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Several workers have extensively worked out the metal induced toxicity and have reported the toxic and carcinogenic effects of metals in human and animals. It is well known that these metals play a crucial role in facilitating normal biological functions of cells as well. One of the major mechanisms associated with heavy metal toxicity has been attributed to generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which develops imbalance between the prooxidant elements and the antioxidants (reducing elements) in the body. In this process, a shift to the former is termed as oxidative stress. The oxidative stress mediated toxicity of heavy metals involves damage primarily to liver (hepatotoxicity), central nervous system (neurotoxicity), DNA (genotoxicity), and kidney (nephrotoxicity) in animals and humans. Heavy metals are reported to impact signaling cascade and associated factors leading to apoptosis. The present review illustrates an account of the current knowledge about the effects of heavy metals (mainly arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium) induced oxidative stress as well as the possible remedies of metal(s) toxicity through natural/synthetic antioxidants, which may render their effects by reducing the concentration of toxic metal(s). This paper primarily concerns the clinicopathological and biomedical implications of heavy metals induced oxidative stress and their toxicity management in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Department of Genetics, SGPGIMS, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Nikhat J. Siddiqi
- Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Sun HJ, Rathinasabapathi B, Wu B, Luo J, Pu LP, Ma LQ. Arsenic and selenium toxicity and their interactive effects in humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 69:148-58. [PMID: 24853282 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) are unusual metalloids as they both induce and cure cancer. They both cause carcinogenesis, pathology, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in humans, with reactive oxygen species playing an important role. While As induces adverse effects by decreasing DNA methylation and affecting protein 53 expression, Se induces adverse effects by modifying thioredoxin reductase. However, they can react with glutathione and S-adenosylmethionine by forming an As-Se complex, which can be secreted extracellularly. We hypothesize that there are two types of interactions between As and Se. At low concentration, Se can decrease As toxicity via excretion of As-Se compound [(GS3)2AsSe](-), but at high concentration, excessive Se can enhance As toxicity by reacting with S-adenosylmethionine and glutathione, and modifying the structure and activity of arsenite methyltransferase. This review is to summarize their toxicity mechanisms and the interaction between As and Se toxicity, and to provide suggestions for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Bala Rathinasabapathi
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Li-Ping Pu
- Suzhou Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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36
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Boyko-Fabian M, Niehr F, Distel L, Budach V, Tinhofer I. Increased growth-inhibitory and cytotoxic activity of arsenic trioxide in head and neck carcinoma cells with functional p53 deficiency and resistance to EGFR blockade. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98867. [PMID: 24927258 PMCID: PMC4057125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mutations in the p53 gene are frequently observed in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region (SCCHN) and have been associated with drug resistance. The potential of arsenic trioxide (ATO) for treatment of p53-deficient tumor cells and those with acquired resistance to cisplatin and cetuximab was determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a panel of 10 SCCHN cell lines expressing either wildtype p53, mutated p53 or which lacked p53 by deletion the interference of p53 deficiency with the growth-inhibitory and radiosensitizing potential of ATO was determined. The causal relationship between p53 deficiency and ATO sensitivity was evaluated by reconstitution of wildtype p53 in p53-deficient SCCHN cells. Interference of ATO treatment with cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis and its efficacy in cells with acquired resistance to cisplatin and cetuximab was evaluated. RESULTS Functional rather than structural defects in the p53 gene predisposed tumor cells to increased sensitivity to ATO. Reconstitution of wt p53 in p53-deficient SCCHN cells rendered them less sensitive to ATO treatment. Combination of ATO with irradiation inhibited clonogenic growth in an additive manner. The inhibitory effect of ATO in p53-deficient tumor cells was mainly associated with DNA damage, G2/M arrest, upregulation of TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) receptors and apoptosis. Increased activity of ATO was observed in cetuximab-resistant SCCHN cells whereas cisplatin resistance was associated with cross-resistance to ATO. CONCLUSIONS Addition of ATO to treatment regimens for p53-deficient SCCHN and tumor recurrence after cetuximab-containing regimens might represent an attractive strategy in SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Boyko-Fabian
- Translational Radiooncology Laboratory, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Niehr
- Translational Radiooncology Laboratory, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luitpold Distel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Volker Budach
- Translational Radiooncology Laboratory, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Tinhofer
- Translational Radiooncology Laboratory, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Arsenic-induced toxicity in the endometrium of adult albino rat and the possible role of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000446582.73701.1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sun J, Yu M, Lu Y, Thakur C, Chen B, Qiu P, Zhao H, Chen F. Carcinogenic metalloid arsenic induces expression of mdig oncogene through JNK and STAT3 activation. Cancer Lett 2014; 346:257-63. [PMID: 24434654 PMCID: PMC3976992 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Environmental or occupational exposure to arsenic, a chemical element classified as metalloid, has been associated with cancer of the lung, skin, bladder, liver, etc. Mdig (mineral dust-induced gene) is a newly identified oncogene linked to occupational lung diseases and lung cancer. It is unclear whether mdig is also involved in arsenic-induced malignant transformation of the lung cells. By using human bronchial epithelial cells and human lung cancer cell lines, we showed that arsenic was able to induce expression of mdig. We further demonstrated that this mdig induction by arsenic was partially dependent on the JNK and STAT3 signaling pathways. Disruption of the JNK or STAT3 by either chemical inhibitors or siRNAs diminished arsenic-induced accumulation of mdig mRNA and protein. Furthermore, we also showed that microRNA-21 (miR-21) and Akt were down-stream effectors of the JNK and STAT3 signaling pathways in arsenic-induced mdig expression. Transfection of the cells with anti-miR-21 or pre-treatment of the cells with Akt inhibitor blunted mdig induction by arsenic. Clinically, the levels of mdig can be applied to predict the disease progression, the first progression (FP), in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Taken together, our data suggest that mdig may play important roles on the pathogenesis of arsenic-induced lung cancer and that JNK and STAT3 signaling pathways are essential in mediating arsenic-induced mdig expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Respiratory Medicine, The 4th Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yongju Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Chitra Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Bailing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ping Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Hongwen Zhao
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Forbes-Hernández TY, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Mazzoni L, Quiles JL, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Battino M. The effects of bioactive compounds from plant foods on mitochondrial function: a focus on apoptotic mechanisms. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:154-82. [PMID: 24680691 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cellular integrity and functionality maintenance and their imparement is implicated in the development of a wide range of diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, degenerative and hyperproliferative pathologies. The identification of different compounds able to interact with mitochondria for therapeutic purposes is currently becoming of primary importance. Indeed, it is well known that foods, particularly those of vegetable origin, present several constituents with beneficial effects on health. This review summarizes and updates the most recent findings concerning the mechanisms through which different dietary compounds from plant foods affect mitochondria functionality in healthy and pathological in vitro and in vivo models, paying particular attention to the pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
| | - José M Alvarez-Suarez
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy.
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Tian Y, Wang X, Xi R, Pan W, Jiang S, Li Z, Zhao Y, Gao G, Liu D. Enhanced antitumor activity of realgar mediated by milling it to nanosize. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:745-57. [PMID: 24516332 PMCID: PMC3916444 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s56391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Realgar is a poorly water-soluble compound that exhibits poor bioavailability. To improve this, the authors reduced the particle size of realgar to nanoscale by high-energy ball milling and optimized the preparation process under which (realgar weight 40 g, milling time 9 hours, milling speed 38 Hz, milling temperature −20°C) realgar nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 78±8.3 nm were prepared. The average particle size of realgar was characterized by laser scattering, and its apparent shape was observed by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The solubility of realgar was enhanced after milling until the particles were in the nanoscale region without altering its properties, as confirmed by a scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive spectrometer. Realgar NPs had higher cytotoxicity on the selected cell lines, namely human breast cancer (MCF7), human hepatoma (HepG2), and human lung cancer (A549) cell lines, than coarse realgar. In addition, a pharmacokinetics study performed in rats indicated that the relative bioavailability of realgar NPs was 216.9% compared with coarse realgar; a biodistribution study performed in mice showed that after intragastric administration of realgar NPs, higher arsenic concentration was reached in the tumor, heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney compared with the administration of coarse realgar, as confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the concentration of arsenic. This study indicated that high-energy ball milling is an effective way to reduce the average particle size of realgar, and compared with coarse realgar, the cytotoxicity and bioavailability of realgar NPs were significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 210th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronggang Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 210th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisan Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, 210th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, 210th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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Bellavite P, Marzotto M, Olioso D, Moratti E, Conforti A. High-dilution effects revisited. 2. Pharmacodynamic mechanisms. HOMEOPATHY 2014; 103:22-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mandal S, Chatterjee N, Das S, Saha KD, Chaudhuri K. Magnetic core–shell nanoprobe for sensitive killing of cancer cells via induction with a strong external magnetic field. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01407c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The title system, composed of a highly magnetic core surrounded by a thin arsenite shell, has been synthesized and applied to the magnetically facilitated targeting of anticancer agent (sodium arsenite) at lower dose with minimal side effects and higher efficacy in a biocompatible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mandal
- Molecular and Human Genetics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700 032, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subhadip Das
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Keya Chaudhuri
- Molecular and Human Genetics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700 032, India
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Indomethacin-enhanced anticancer effect of arsenic trioxide in A549 cell line: involvement of apoptosis and phospho-ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:237543. [PMID: 24312908 PMCID: PMC3842073 DOI: 10.1155/2013/237543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focusing on novel drug combinations that target different pathways especially apoptosis and MAPK could be a rationale for combination therapy in successful treatment of lung cancer. Concurrent use of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors with arsenic trioxide (ATO) might be a possible treatment option. METHODS Cytotoxicity of ATO, dexamethasone (Dex), celecoxib (Cel), and Indomethacin (Indo) individually or in combination was determined at 24, 48, and 72 hrs in A549 lung cancer cells. The COX-2 gene and protein expression, MAPK pathway proteins, and caspase-3 activity were studied for the most cytotoxic combinations. RESULTS The IC50s of ATO and Indo were 68.7 μmol/L and 396.5 μmol/L, respectively. Treatment of cells with combinations of clinically relevant concentrations of ATO and Indo resulted in greater growth inhibition and apoptosis induction than did either agent alone. Caspase-3 activity was considerably high in the presence of ATO and Indo but showed no difference in single or combination use. Phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 was remarkable in the concurrent presence of both drugs. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy with ATO and Indo exerted a very potent in vitro cytotoxic effect against A549 lung cancer cells. Activation of ERK and p38 pathways might be the mechanism of higher cytotoxic effect of ATO-Indo combination.
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Ivanov VN, Wen G, Hei TK. Sodium arsenite exposure inhibits AKT and Stat3 activation, suppresses self-renewal and induces apoptotic death of embryonic stem cells. Apoptosis 2013; 18:188-200. [PMID: 23143138 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sodium arsenite exposure at concentration >5 μM may induce embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in animal models. Long-term health effects of sodium arsenite from contaminated drinking water may result in different forms of cancer and neurological abnormalities. As cancer development processes seem to be originated in stem cells, we have chosen to examine the effects of sodium arsenite on signaling pathways and the corresponding transcription factors that regulate cell viability and self-renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) and mouse neural stem/precursor cells. We demonstrated that the crucial signaling pathway, which was substantially suppressed by sodium arsenite exposure (4 μM) in ESC, was the PI3K-AKT pathway linked with numerous downstream targets that control cell survival and apoptosis. Furthermore, the whole core transcription factor circuitry that control self-renewal of mouse ESC (Stat3-P-Tyr705, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) was strongly down-regulated by sodium arsenite (4 μM) exposure. This was followed by G2/M arrest and induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway that might be suppressed by caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors. In contrast to mouse ESC with very low endogenous IL6, mouse neural stem/precursor cells (C17.2 clone immortalized by v-myc) with high endogenous production of IL6 exhibited a strong resistance to cytotoxic effects of sodium arsenite that could be decreased by inhibitory anti-IL6 antibody or Stat3 inhibition. In summary, our data demonstrated suppression of self-renewal and induction of apoptosis in mouse ESC by sodium arsenite exposure, which was further accelerated due to simultaneous inhibition of the protective PI3K-AKT and Stat3-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Ivanov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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45
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Realgar bioleaching solution suppress ras excessive activation by increasing ROS in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:390-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wang Q, Wu L, Wang J. Reciprocal regulation of cyclooxygenase 2 and heme oxygenase 1 upon arsenic trioxide exposure in normal human lung fibroblast. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2013; 27:323-9. [PMID: 23649692 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Detoxification enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and proinflammation enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2) are key response proteins that function to promote the survival of cells exposed to arsenic trioxide (ATO). However, whether there is a cross-regulation between them in ATO-treated cells remains poorly investigated. In this study, concomitant upregulation of Cox-2 and HO-1 induced by ATO was observed in normal human lung fibroblasts. Cox-2 inhibitor NS398 suppressed the upregulation of HO-1, whereas HO-1 inhibitor protoporphyrin IX zinc (II) stimulated the expression of Cox-2. Both proteins were regulated by p38, and the feedback regulation of HO-1 on Cox-2 was mediated through p38. Our results confirmed the reciprocal regulations between Cox-2 and HO-1 in ATO-treated normal cells and shed light on the understanding of protecting cells from injury caused by ATO while simultaneously decreasing the inflammation responses, which may be related to the carcinogenicity of ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
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Ivanov VN, Hei TK. Induction of apoptotic death and retardation of neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells by sodium arsenite treatment. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:875-87. [PMID: 23219847 PMCID: PMC3593966 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic toxicity is a global health problem that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. Long-term health effects of inorganic sodium arsenite in drinking water may result in skin, lung and liver cancers and in severe neurological abnormalities. We investigated in the present study whether sodium arsenite affects signaling pathways that control cell survival, proliferation and neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells (NSC). We demonstrated that the critical signaling pathway, which was suppressed by sodium arsenite in NSC, was the protective PI3K-AKT pathway. Sodium arsenite (2-4μM) also caused down-regulation of Nanog, one of the key transcription factors that control pluripotency and self-renewal of stem cells. Mitochondrial damage and cytochrome-c release induced by sodium arsenite exposure was followed by initiation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in NSC. Beside caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors, suppression of JNK activity decreased levels of arsenite-induced apoptosis in NSC. Neuronal differentiation of NSC was substantially inhibited by sodium arsenite exposure. Overactivation of JNK1 and ERK1/2 and down-regulation of PI3K-AKT activity induced by sodium arsenite were critical factors that strongly affected neuronal differentiation. In conclusion, sodium arsenite exposure of human NSC induces the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which is substantially accelerated due to the simultaneous suppression of PI3K-AKT. Sodium arsenite also negatively affects neuronal differentiation of NSC through overactivation of MEK-ERK and suppression of PI3K-AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Ivanov
- Center for Radiological Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, NY 10032, USA.
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Pal PB, Sinha K, Sil PC. Mangiferin, a natural xanthone, protects murine liver in Pb(II) induced hepatic damage and cell death via MAP kinase, NF-κB and mitochondria dependent pathways. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56894. [PMID: 23451106 PMCID: PMC3581562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most well-known naturally occurring environmental heavy metals, lead (Pb) has been reported to cause liver injury and cellular apoptosis by disturbing the prooxidant-antioxidant balance via oxidative stress. Several studies, on the other hand, reported that mangiferin, a naturally occurring xanthone, has been used for a broad range of therapeutic purposes. In the present study, we, therefore, investigated the molecular mechanisms of the protective action of mangiferin against lead-induced hepatic pathophysiology. Lead [Pb(II)] in the form of Pb(NO3)2 (at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight, 6 days, orally) induced oxidative stress, hepatic dysfunction and cell death in murine liver. Post treatment of mangiferin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (6 days, orally), on the other hand, diminished the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced the levels of serum marker enzymes [alanine aminotranferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)]. Mangiferin also reduced Pb(II) induced alterations in antioxidant machineries, restored the mitochondrial membrane potential as well as mutual regulation of Bcl-2/Bax. Furthermore, mangiferin inhibited Pb(II)-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (phospho-ERK 1/2, phosphor-JNK phospho- p38), nuclear translocation of NF-κB and apoptotic cell death as was evidenced by DNA fragmentation, FACS analysis and histological assessment. In vitro studies using hepatocytes as the working model also showed the protective effect of mangiferin in Pb(II) induced cytotoxicity. All these beneficial effects of mangiferin contributes to the considerable reduction of apoptotic hepatic cell death induced by Pb(II). Overall results demonstrate that mangiferin exhibit both antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties and protects the organ in Pb(II) induced hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra Bikash Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, India
| | - Parames C. Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail:
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Huang S, Guo S, Guo F, Yang Q, Xiao X, Murata M, Ohnishi S, Kawanishi S, Ma N. CD44v6 expression in human skin keratinocytes as a possible mechanism for carcinogenesis associated with chronic arsenic exposure. Eur J Histochem 2013; 57:e1. [PMID: 23549458 PMCID: PMC3683606 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2013.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is a well-known human skin carcinogen. Chronic arsenic exposure results in various types of human skin lesions, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To investigate whether mutant stem cells participate in arsenic-associated carcinogenesis, we repeatedly exposed the human spontaneously immortalized skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell line to an environmentally relevant level of arsenic (0.05 ppm) in vitrofor 18 weeks. Following sodium arsenite administration, cell cycle, colony-forming efficiency (CFE), cell tumorigenicity, and expression of CD44v6, NF-κB and p53, were analyzed at different time points (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 passages). We found that a chronic exposure of HaCaT cells to a low level of arsenic induced a cancer stem-like phenotype. Furthermore, arsenictreated HaCaT cells also became tumorigenic in nude mice, their growth cycle was predominantly in G2/M and S phases. Relative to nontreated cells, they exhibited a higher growth rate and a significant increase in CFE. Western blot analysis found that arsenic was capable of increasing cell proliferation and sprouting of cancer stem-like phenotype. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that CD44v6 expression was upregulated in HaCaT cells exposed to a low level of arsenic during early stages of induction. The expression of CD44v6 in arsenic-treated cells was positively correlated with their cloning efficiency in soft agar (r=0.949, P=0.01). Likewise, the expressions of activating transcription factor NF-κB and p53 genes in the arsenic-treated HaCaT cells were significantly higher than that in non-treated cells. Higher expressions of CD44v6, NF-κB and p53 were also observed in tumor tissues isolated from Balb/c nude mice. The present results suggest that CD44v6 may be a biomarker of arsenicinduced neoplastic transformation in human skin cells, and that arsenic promotes malignant transformation in human skin lesions through a NF-κB signaling pathway-stimulated expression of CD44v6.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Huang
- Suzuka University of Medical Science, Japan
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50
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Xu Y, Li Y, Li H, Pang Y, Zhao Y, Jiang R, Shen L, Zhou J, Wang X, Liu Q. The accumulations of HIF-1α and HIF-2α by JNK and ERK are involved in biphasic effects induced by different levels of arsenite in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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