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Massa M, Compari C, Fisicaro E. ITC study on the interaction of some bile salts with tragacanth, Arabic, and guar gums with potential cholesterol-lowering ability. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1258282. [PMID: 37941767 PMCID: PMC10628474 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1258282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The urge of designing new safe and natural functional foods to control blood lipids and dispensable without the need of physician supervision, has increased especially after the coming into effect of the recent EU Commission regulation 2022/860, that regulates the consumption of "red yeast rice," made by fermentation of rice with Monascus purpureus, and perceived as a natural functional food, due to a health risk for frail consumers. The results of the present work are a part of the systematic study we are carrying out of the binding ability of some soluble dietary fibers (SDF) from different natural sources toward selected bile salts (BS). Methods Measurements were carried out by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) with the idea to shed light on the mechanism, if any, by which they show cholesterol-lowering activity. Results and discussion Epidemiological studies are sometimes conflicting and offer only hypothesis about the mechanism of action, the most accredited being the reduction of reabsorption of BS in the gut. Previous measurements done on negatively charged pectin and alginate, showed specific binding interaction with monomer NaDC for pectin and no interaction at all for alginate. Chitosan, positively charged and soluble only at low pH, in 100 mM acetate buffer at pH = 3 shows strong exothermic interactions with NaTC and NaTDC. Here we considered two plant exudates (Arabic gum and tragacanth gum) and guar gum, extracted from guar beans, and their interaction with the same bile salts. ITC measurements do not evidence specific interactions between gums and the studied BS, so that their cholesterol lowering ability, if any, is due to a different mechanism very probably bound to the viscosity increase. Moreover, the addition of NaC, the most abundant BS in the bile, at very low concentration (under the cmc) causes a structural change of the solution. The obtained results seem to corroborate the hypothesis that the cholesterol lowering activity is related to the increase in viscosity of guar solution favored by NaC, the major component of the bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Massa
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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2
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Shah S, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Ait-Hadad W, Koemel NA, Varraso R, Boutron-Ruault MC, Laouali N. Long-term adherence to healthful and unhealthful plant-based diets and breast cancer risk overall and by hormone receptor and histologic subtypes among postmenopausal females. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:467-476. [PMID: 36872016 PMCID: PMC10131618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies assessing the influence of vegetarian diets on breast cancer (BC) risk have produced inconsistent results. Few studies have assessed how the incremental decrease in animal foods and the quality of plant foods are linked with BC. OBJECTIVES Disentangle the influence of plant-based diet quality on BC risk between postmenopausal females. METHODS Total of 65,574 participants from the E3N (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale) cohort were followed from 1993-2014. Incident BC cases were confirmed through pathological reports and classified into subtypes. Cumulative average scores for healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful (uPDI) plant-based diet indices were developed using self-reported dietary intakes at baseline (1993) and follow-up (2005) and divided into quintiles. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted HR and 95% CI. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 21 y, 3968 incident postmenopausal BC cases were identified. There was a nonlinear association between adherence to hPDI and BC risk (Pnonlinear < 0.01). Compared to participants with low adherence to hPDI, those with high adherence had a lower BC risk [HRQ3 compared withQ1 (95% CI): 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) and HRQ4 compared with Q1 (95% CI): 0.78 (0.70, 0.86)]. In contrast, higher adherence to unhealthful was associated with a linear increase in BC risk [Pnonlinear = 0.18; HRQ5 compared with Q1 (95% CI): 1.20 (1.08, 1.33); Ptrend < 0.01]. Associations were similar according to BC subtypes (Pheterogeneity > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Long-term adherence to healthful plant foods with some intake of unhealthy plant and animal foods may reduce BC risk with an optimal risk reduction in the moderate intake range. Adherence to an unhealthful plant-based diet may increase BC risk. These results emphasize the importance of the quality of plant foods for cancer prevention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03285230).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Shah
- "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Wassila Ait-Hadad
- "Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology" Team, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Nicholas A Koemel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- "Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology" Team, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Nasser Laouali
- "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Shu L, Huang YQ, Zhang XY, Zheng PF, Zhu Q, Zhou JY. Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet reduces the risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1032654. [PMID: 36698472 PMCID: PMC9868726 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1032654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite increasing evidence for the association of adherence to the Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet with breast cancer risk, the results remain inconclusive. The purpose of the current systematic review was to summarize the evidence from previous observational studies and explore the potential association between DASH diet and breast cancer risk using meta-analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data to identify the relevant publications from inception up to July 2022. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the highest versus the lowest categories of DASH score in relation to breast cancer risk, using a random-effects model. The Cochran's Q test and I-squared (I 2) statistic were used to detect the sources of heterogeneity among the included studies. Results Overall, eleven studies, involving 23,254 breast cancer cases and 449,273 participants, were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Combining 16 effect sizes from 11 studies, a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer was observed (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.90, P < 0.0001). Stratified analysis showed a significant association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer in case-control studies (RR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27-0.89, P = 0.019), and a marginally significant association in prospective cohort studies (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.98, P = 0.014), respectively. Besides, a more significant association between DASH score and reduced risk of breast cancer was observed in Asian countries (RR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31-0.81, P = 0.005) than in the United States (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, P = 0.012). Similarly, when we conducted analyses separately by menopausal status, we found a significant inverse association between DASH diet and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.39-0.87, P = 0.008). Conclusion The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer. Further large prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Qian Huang
- Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Fen Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhou
- Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Ying Zhou,
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Kumar R, Dhiman M, Sharma L, Dadhich A, Kaushik P, Sharma MM. Nanofertilizers: The targeted nutrient supplier and enhance nutrients uptake by pearl millets (Pennisetum glaucum). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Massa M, Compari C, Fisicaro E. On the mechanism of the cholesterol lowering ability of soluble dietary fibers: Interaction of some bile salts with pectin, alginate, and chitosan studied by isothermal titration calorimetry. Front Nutr 2022; 9:968847. [PMID: 36245485 PMCID: PMC9558102 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.968847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing high blood cholesterol is an important strategy to decrease the chances of a cardiovascular disease occurrence, the main cause of mortality in western developed countries. Therefore, the search for an alternative therapeutic or preventive approach being natural, biocompatible, and not toxic is still more relevant than ever. This need is particularly felt in Pediatrics for treating childhood hypercholesterolemia, due to statins interference in the production of steroid hormones in prepuberal children. Notwithstanding the general acceptance of the healthy role of the fibers in the diet, the mechanism underlying the cholesterol-lowering ability of soluble fibers is still under discussion. Therefore, we started a systematic study of the binding ability of some soluble dietary fibers (SDF) originated from different natural sources toward selected bile salts (BS) by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Here we report the results of our ITC studies on the interaction of alginate, pectin and chitosan with sodium cholate (NaC), sodium deoxycholate (NaDC), sodium taurocholate (NaTC) and sodium taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC). Thermodynamic data on the micelle formation process of the above bile salts, as a premise to the study of their binding ability to the SDF, are also reported. Alginate does not show specific binding interaction with BS, while pectin shows a strong exothermic bond with NaDC in monomeric form. Chitosan, positively charged and soluble only at low pH, shows strong exothermic interactions with NaTC and NaTDC (soluble at pH = 3 in acetate buffer) with precipitate formation. For NaTC, the exothermic peak starts at about 5 mM. At this concentration NaTC bound on the fiber reaches locally the cmc value and micelles start forming on the fiber inducing its conformational change. For NaTDC the same process occurs at much lower concentrations, due to lower cmc, and with a greater quantity of heat involved. The first set of results here presented shows that for some SDF the binding of BS could be an important mechanism in cholesterol lowering but not the only one. The information here presented could be a starting point for the design of optimized functional foods with high cholesterol lowering ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Massa
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emilia Fisicaro
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Emilia Fisicaro,
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Impact of Protein Content on the Antioxidants, Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Glycemic Index of Wheat and Wheat Bran. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142049. [PMID: 35885294 PMCID: PMC9322734 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional wheat milling generates important volumes of wheat bran (WB), which is a concentrated source of polyphenols and insoluble fiber. In terms of health benefits and based on epidemiological and experimental evidence, these compounds contribute to reducing the risk of certain chronic pathologies. Protein concentration is the main quality factor conditioning wheat use in the agroindustry. When turning waste into feasible resources, it is essential to evaluate the variability of the raw material. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the impact of protein content in the valorization of WB based on its antioxidants, anti-inflammatory properties and glycemic index (GI). A significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower content of phenolic compounds was found in the whole grain (WG) fractions, both free (FP) and bound (BP), as compared to the WB phenolic fractions, differences that ranged from 4- to 6-fold (538 to 561 mg GAE 100 g−1 in WG vs. 1027 to 1236 in WB mg GAE 100 g−1 in FP and 2245 to 2378 vs. 6344 to 7232 mg GAE 100 g−1 in BP). A significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect of the protein content on the resulting phenolic content and antioxidant capacity was observed, especially in WG, but also in WB, although in the latter a significant (p ≤ 0.05) negative correlation was observed, and increasing the protein content resulted in decreasing total phenolic content, antioxidants, and ferric-reducing capacities, probably due to their different types of proteins. The highest protein content in WB produced a significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in GI value, probably due to the role of protein structure in protecting starch from gelatinization, along with phytic acid, which may bind to proteins closely associated to starch and chelate calcium ions, required for α-amylase activity. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect of the protein content on the GI was also found, which may be explained by the structural effect of the proteins associated with starch, reducing the GI (21.64). The results obtained show the importance of segregation of WB in valorization strategies in order to increase the efficiency of the processes.
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Ornelas AC, Ferguson S, DePlaza M, Adekunle T, Basha R. Anti-Cancer Pectins and Their Role in Colorectal Cancer Treatment. ONCO THERAPEUTICS 2022; 9:43-55. [PMID: 37309487 PMCID: PMC10259824 DOI: 10.1615/oncotherap.v9.i2.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A class of plant polysaccharides, pectin is known to display several medicinal properties including in cancer. There is some evidence that pectin from some fruits can reduce the severity of colorectal cancer (CRC) due to its antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic and pro-apoptotic properties. Pectin fermentation in the colon induces antiproliferative activity via butyrate. Research also showed that pectin acts as a potent inducer of programmed cell death and cell-cycle arrest, thereby selectively targeting cancer cells. Pectin can limit oxidative stress to maintain cellular homeostasis while increasing reactive oxygen species damage to activate cancer cell death. Pectin regulates various signaling cascades, e.g., signal transduction and transcriptional activator and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, that contribute to its anticancer activity. By curbing inflammation-activated signaling and bolstering immune-protective mechanisms pectin can eradicate CRC. Due to its chemical structure, pectin can also inhibit galectin-3 and suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Prior reports also suggested that pectin is beneficial to use alongside the CRC standard care. Pectin can increase sensitivity to conventional CRC drugs, alleviate unwanted side effects and reduce drug resistance. Although some preclinical studies are promising, early clinical trials are showing some evidence for pectin's efficacy in tumor growth inhibition and preventing metastasis in some cancers; however, the clinical use of pectin in CRC therapy is not yet well established. Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of pectin treatment as a valid clinical therapy for CRC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Ferguson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Maya DePlaza
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Tkai Adekunle
- Department of Biology, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Department of Pediatrics and Women’s Health, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Jayedi A, Emadi A, Khan TA, Abdolshahi A, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary Fiber and Survival in Women with Breast Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1570-1580. [PMID: 32795218 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1803928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association of dietary fiber consumption with mortality risk in women with breast cancer. A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science till March 2020 to find cohort studies investigating the association of dietary fiber consumption with mortality risk in women with breast cancer. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. The quality of evidence was rated by NutriGrade score. Seven prospective cohort studies with 1,426 cases of all-cause mortality and 679 cases of breast cancer-specific mortality among 11,295 patients with breast cancer were included. The relative risks for the highest compared to the lowest category of dietary fiber consumption were 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52, 0.77; I2 = 0%, n = 5) for all-cause mortality, and 0.72 (95%CI: 0.54, 0.96; I2 = 0%, n = 5) for breast cancer-specific mortality. There was a strong linear association between fiber intake and all-cause mortality risk. The quality of evidence was rated moderate for all-cause mortality, and low for breast cancer-specific mortality. Higher dietary fiber consumption may improve survival in patients with breast cancer. More research is needed to confirm the present results, considering types of fiber consumed and tumor estrogen receptor status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Emadi
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tauseef A Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Abdolshahi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Deshmukh R. Bridging the Gap of Drug Delivery in Colon Cancer: The Role of Chitosan and Pectin Based Nanocarriers System. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:911-924. [PMID: 32679018 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200717090623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases, and traditional chemotherapy has not been proven beneficial in its treatment. It ranks second in terms of mortality due to all cancers for all ages. Lack of selectivity and poor biodistribution are the biggest challenges in developing potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of colon cancer. Nanoparticles hold enormous prospects as an effective drug delivery system. The delivery systems employing the use of polymers, such as chitosan and pectin as carrier molecules, ensure the maximum absorption of the drug, reduce unwanted side effects and also offer protection to the therapeutic agent from quick clearance or degradation, thus allowing an increased amount of the drug to reach the target tissue or cells. In this systematic review of published literature, the author aimed to assess the role of chitosan and pectin as polymer-carriers in colon targeted delivery of drugs in colon cancer therapy. This review summarizes the various studies employing the use of chitosan and pectin in colon targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitas Deshmukh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura -281406, India
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10
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Bi CH, Yan ZM, Wang PL, Alkhatib A, Zhu JY, Zou HC, Sun DY, Zhu XD, Gao F, Shi WT, Huang ZG. Effect of high pressure homogenization treatment on the rheological properties of citrus peel fiber/corn oil emulsion. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3658-3665. [PMID: 32246462 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citrus fiber is a main component in the peel of citrus and contains natural dietary fiber. It is often used as a functional additive to improve the texture or nutritional property of food. It is also widely used to reduce the content of absorbable fat in sausages and other meat products, and to improve food stability as an emulsifier. In this research, the dynamic rheological properties (linear and non-linear) of citrus peel fiber/corn oil (CF/CO) emulsion system under high pressure homogenization (HPH) treatment was investigated. RESULT Rheological results illustrated HPH treatment significantly increased the apparent viscosity of the emulsion, reduced the activation energy of the emulsion and distinctly improved the viscoelasticity of the emulsion. Meanwhile, HPH treatment increased the linear viscoelastic region of the sample, and the behavior of the emulsion converted from strain thinning (without HPH treatment) to weak strain overshoot (with HPH treatment). Lissajous curves indicated the viscosity of the sample increased first and then decreased with strain increasing and the third harmonic contributed much more to the first harmonic compared with the fifth harmonic. Chebyshev stress decomposition revealed that, as strain increased, the samples with HPH treatment showed internal-cycle strain hardening behavior first, then turned to internal-cycle softening behavior. CONCLUSION HPH treatment can significantly improve the processing performance of CF/CO emulsion as well as the stability against large periodic oscillations in food processing. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Hao Bi
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Ming Yan
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ahmed Alkhatib
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hao-Chen Zou
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dong-Yu Sun
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Di Zhu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen-Tian Shi
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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11
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Nutritional quality characterization of a set of durum wheat landraces from Iran and Mexico. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Association between grains, gluten and the risk of colorectal cancer in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1739-1749. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Bora P, Ragaee S, Marcone M. Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:714-724. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1570086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pragyani Bora
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Vagtail, KPBH Colony, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanaa Ragaee
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Massimo Marcone
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Sangaramoorthy M, Koo J, John EM. Intake of bean fiber, beans, and grains and reduced risk of hormone receptor-negative breast cancer: the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2131-2144. [PMID: 29573201 PMCID: PMC5943543 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High dietary fiber intake has been associated with reduced breast cancer risk, but few studies considered tumor subtypes defined by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status or included racial/ethnic minority populations who vary in their fiber intake. We analyzed food frequency data from a population-based case-control study, including 2135 breast cancer cases (1070 Hispanics, 493 African Americans, and 572 non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs)) and 2571 controls (1391 Hispanics, 557 African Americans, and 623 NHWs). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for breast cancer associated with fiber intake were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. Breast cancer risk associated with high intake (high vs. low quartile) of bean fiber (p-trend = 0.01), total beans (p-trend = 0.03), or total grains (p-trend = 0.05) was reduced by 20%. Inverse associations were strongest for ER-PR- breast cancer, with risk reductions associated with high intake ranging from 28 to 36%. For bean fiber, risk was reduced among foreign-born Hispanics only, who had the highest fiber intake, whereas for grain intake, inverse associations were found among NHWs only. There was no evidence of association with fiber intake from vegetables and fruits or total intake of vegetables and fruits. A high dietary intake of bean fiber and fiber-rich foods such as beans and grains may lower the risk of ER-PR- breast cancer, an aggressive breast cancer subtype for which few risk factors have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jocelyn Koo
- Cancer Prevention Institute of CaliforniaFremontCalifornia94538
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of CaliforniaFremontCalifornia94538
- Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer InstituteStanford University School of Medicine StanfordStanfordCalifornia94305
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16
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Rim CH. Development of quantitative index evaluating anticancer or carcinogenic potential of diet: the anti-cancer food scoring system 1.0. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:52-60. [PMID: 29399297 PMCID: PMC5792257 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.1.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Cancer is closely related to diet. One of the most reliable reports of the subject is the expert report from the World Cancer Research Fund & American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF&AICR). However, majority of the studies including above were written with academic terms and in English. The aim of this study is to create a model, named Anti-Cancer Food Scoring System (ACFS), to provide a simple index of the anticancer potential of food. SUBJECTS/METHODS We created ACFS codes of various food groups. The evidence of the ACFS codes was provided by the literature at a level comparable to that suggested in the WCRF&AICR report or from the WCRF&AICR report. The ACFS grade was calculated considering food group, cooking, and normalization. Application was performed for Koreans' 20 common meals, which encompass multinational recipes. RESULT We calculated the ACFS grades of Koreans' 20 common meals. The results were not significantly different from the WCRF&AICR guidelines or information from the National Cancer Information Center of Korea. The grades were briefly interpreted as follows: grade S. ideal for cancer prevention; grade A. good for cancer prevention; grade B, might have anticancer potential; grade C, difficult to be regarded as preventive or carcinogenic; grade D, might against cancer prevention; grade E, probably against cancer prevention. CONCLUSIONS The ACFS provides a simple index of anticancer potential of diets. This indicator can be useful for the people without expertise, and is effective in evaluating the diets including Asian foods. The ACFS can help design of future clinical or nutritional studies of cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai Hong Rim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical College, 123, Jeokgeum ro, Danwon-gu, Gyeonggi 15355, Korea
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17
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Kawakita D, Lee YCA, Turati F, Parpinel M, Decarli A, Serraino D, Matsuo K, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP, Winn DM, Moysich K, Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Levi F, Kelsey K, McClean M, Bosetti C, Garavello W, Schantz S, Yu GP, Boffetta P, Chuang SC, Hashibe M, Ferraroni M, La Vecchia C, Edefonti V. Dietary fiber intake and head and neck cancer risk: A pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1811-1821. [PMID: 28710831 PMCID: PMC5797849 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The possible role of dietary fiber in the etiology of head neck cancers (HNCs) is unclear. We used individual-level pooled data from ten case-control studies (5959 cases and 12,248 controls) participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium, to examine the association between fiber intake and cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx and larynx. Odds Ratios (ORs) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional multiple logistic regression applied to quintile categories of non-alcohol energy-adjusted fiber intake and adjusted for tobacco and alcohol use and other known or putative confounders. Fiber intake was inversely associated with oral and pharyngeal cancer combined (OR for 5th vs. 1st quintile category = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.40-0.59; p for trend <0.001) and with laryngeal cancer (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.54-0.82, p for trend <0.001). There was, however, appreciable heterogeneity of the estimated effect across studies for oral and pharyngeal cancer combined. Nonetheless, inverse associations were consistently observed for the subsites of oral and pharyngeal cancers and within most strata of the considered covariates, for both cancer sites. Our findings from a multicenter large-scale pooled analysis suggest that, although in the presence of between-study heterogeneity, a greater intake of fiber may lower HNC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kawakita
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
- epartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-0001, Japan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Federica Turati
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe, 4, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Adriano Decarli
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, via F. Gallini, 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jose P. Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Campus Box # 7070, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7070, USA
| | - Deborah M. Winn
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-9764, USA
| | | | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 71-225 CHS, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, G-E3, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Michael McClean
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Talbot 4W Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ‘Mario Negri’, via G. La Masa, 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, via Pergolesi, 20052 Monza, Italy
| | - Stimson Schantz
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 310 E. 14th Street, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Peking, China
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Edefonti
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
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18
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Shaw E, Warkentin MT, McGregor SE, Town S, Hilsden RJ, Brenner DR. Intake of dietary fibre and lifetime non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and the incidence of colorectal polyps in a population screened for colorectal cancer. J Epidemiol Community Health 2017; 71:961-969. [PMID: 28847844 PMCID: PMC5754858 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background There is suggestive evidence that increased intake of dietary fibre and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are generally associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. However, the effects on precursors of colorectal cancer, such as adenomatous polyps, are mixed. We present the associations between dietary fibre intake and NSAID use on the presence and type of colorectal polyps in a screening population. Methods A cross-sectional study of 2548 individuals undergoing colonoscopy at the Forzani & MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre (Calgary, Canada) was conducted. Dietary fibre intake and NSAID use were assessed using the Diet History Questionnaire I or II and the Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire. Colorectal outcomes were documented as a polyp or high-risk adenomatous polyp (HRAP; villous histology, high-grade dysplasia, ≥10 mm or ≥3 adenomas). Crude and ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. Results There were 1450 negative colonoscopies and 1098 patients with polyps, of which 189 patients had HRAPs. Total dietary fibre intake was associated with a decreased presence of HRAPs (OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.86) when comparing the highest to lowest quartiles and was observed with both soluble (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.88) and insoluble (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.86) fibres. Ever use of NSAIDs was also inversely associated with HRAPs (OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.89), observed with monthly (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.95) and daily (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.86) use. Conclusions Dietary fibre intake and NSAID use were associated with a decreased risk of having a HRAP at screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Shaw
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew T Warkentin
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Elizabeth McGregor
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Population, Public and Indigenous Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susanna Town
- Forzani and MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert J Hilsden
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Forzani and MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Jalilpiran Y, Hezaveh E, Bahmanpour S, Faghih S. Healthy Plant Foods Intake Could Protect Against Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1905-1912. [PMID: 28749619 PMCID: PMC5648397 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.7.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have investigated the association between healthy plant foods intake and prostate cancer risk with inconsistent results. So this study was conducted to examine the existence of any possible association between healthy plant foods and prostate cancer risk. Materials and Methods: Sixty newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 60 controls engaged in a hospital-based case-control study. A validated 16o-items semi-quantitative FFQ was used to assess usual dietary intakes. Energy-adjusted amounts of healthy plant foods intake were calculated using the residual method. Logistic regression model was also used to derive beta estimates and odds ratios. Results: Cases were older and more likely to be inactive. In crude model, individuals in the highest tertile vs lowest tertile of total healthy plant foods (OR= 0.12; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.34), total fruits (OR= 0.11; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.30), total vegetables (OR= 0.08; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.24), fresh fruits (OR= 0.11; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.30), and raw vegetables (OR= 0.06; 95 % CI 0.02, 0.18) had significantly lower risk of prostate cancer. After controlling for potential confounders (age, BMI, total energy intake, job, education, smoking, physical activity, some drug usage, and also dietary intakes), just total healthy plant foods (OR= 0.12; 95 % CI 0.02, 0.55), total vegetables (OR=0.03; 95 % CI 0.00, 0.25), and raw vegetables (OR= 0.01; 95 % CI 0.00, 0.12) were associated with lower prostate cancer risk. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that a diet rich in healthy plant foods and especially total or raw vegetable may protect against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Jalilpiran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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20
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Chandran SP, Natarajan SB, Chandraseharan S, Mohd Shahimi MSB. Nano drug delivery strategy of 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrpr.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Ratjen I, Schafmayer C, di Giuseppe R, Waniek S, Plachta-Danielzik S, Koch M, Nöthlings U, Hampe J, Schlesinger S, Lieb W. Postdiagnostic Mediterranean and Healthy Nordic Dietary Patterns Are Inversely Associated with All-Cause Mortality in Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Survivors. J Nutr 2017; 147:636-644. [PMID: 28228505 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.244129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary factors are known to affect the risk of new-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), but information on the extent to which postdiagnostic diet affects mortality in long-term CRC survivors is scarce.Objective: We investigated the association of 2 a priori-defined postdiagnostic dietary patterns [Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (MMDS) and healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI)] with all-cause mortality in long-term CRC survivors.Methods: Diet was assessed at a median time of 6 y after cancer diagnosis in 1404 CRC survivors (median age: 69 y; 56% men) in a prospective cohort study in Northern Germany by using a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, were used to assess associations of the MMDS and the HNFI with all-cause mortality.Results: A total of 204 patients died during a median follow-up time of 7 y after diet assessment. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.74 for highest compared with lowest score quartile and HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.96 per 1-point increment in pattern score). Similarly, the HNFI was inversely associated with all-cause mortality when the highest was compared with the lowest index quartile (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.04) and when modeled as a continuous trait (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.99 per 1-point increment in the score).Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher adherences to the Mediterranean diet and to the healthy Nordic diet after CRC diagnosis are associated with better overall survival in long-term CRC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Ratjen
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romina di Giuseppe
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabina Waniek
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Manja Koch
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany;
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22
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are well-established screening protocols involving fecal testing, radiographic, and endoscopic evaluations that have led to decreased incidence and mortality of CRC in the United States. In addition to screening for CRC, there is interest in preventing colorectal neoplasia by targeting the signaling pathways that have been identified in the pathway of dysplasia progressing to carcinoma. This review will detail the efficacy of multiple potential preventative strategies including lifestyle changes (physical activity, alcohol use, smoking cessation, and obesity); dietary factors (dietary patterns, calcium, vitamin D, fiber, folate, and antioxidants and micronutrients); and chemopreventive agents (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, metformin, bisphosphonates, and postmenopausal hormonal therapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Dolejs
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Benjamin Gayed
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Alyssa Fajardo
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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23
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Schneider A, Rakszegi M, Molnár-Láng M, Szakács É. Production and cytomolecular identification of new wheat-perennial rye (Secale cereanum) disomic addition lines with yellow rust resistance (6R) and increased arabinoxylan and protein content (1R, 4R, 6R). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:1045-59. [PMID: 26883040 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Wheat-Secale cereanum addition lines with yellow rust resistance (6R) and increased arabinoxylan content (1R, 4R, 6R) have been selected and identified in order to increase biodiversity of wheat. Perennial rye (Secale cereanum, 2n = 2x = 14, RR) cultivar Kriszta has a large gene pool that can be exploited in wheat breeding. It has high protein and dietary fibre content, carries several resistance genes, tolerant to frost and drought, and adapts well to disadvantageous soil and weather conditions. In order to incorporate agronomically useful features from this perennial rye into cultivated wheat, backcross progenies derived from a cross between the wheat line Mv9kr1 and perennial rye 'Kriszta' have been produced, and addition lines disomic for 1R, 4R and 6R chromosomes have been selected using GISH, FISH and SSR markers. Quality measurements showed that addition of 'Kriszta' chromosomes 4R and 6R to the wheat genome had increased the total protein content. The 4R addition line contained slightly, while 1R and 6R additions significantly higher amount of arabinoxylan than the parental wheat line. Besides this, the 6R addition line appeared to be resistant to yellow rust in highly infected nurseries, consequently it may carry a new effective gene different from that harboured in the 1RS.1BL translocation for resistance to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Schneider
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Marianna Rakszegi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Márta Molnár-Láng
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Éva Szakács
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Brunszvik u. 2, 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary.
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Abstract
Diet may play a role in both promoting and inhibiting human breast cancer development. In this review, nutritional risk factors such as consumption of dietary fat, meat, fiber, and alcohol, and intake of phytoestrogen, vitamin D, iron, and folate associated with breast cancer are reviewed. These nutritional factors have a variety of associations with breast cancer risk. Type of fat consumed has different effects on risk of breast cancer: consumption of meat is associated with heterocyclic amine (HCA) exposure; different types of plant fiber have various effects on breast cancer risk; alcohol consumption may increase the risk of breast cancer by producing acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS); intake of phytoestrogen may reduce risk of breast cancer through genomic and non-genomic action; vitamin D can reduce the risk of breast cancer by inhibiting the process of cancer invasion and metastasis; intake of dietary iron may lead to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation; and lower intake of folate may be linked to a higher risk of breast cancer.
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25
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Associations between fruit, vegetable and legume intakes and prostate cancer risk: results from the prospective Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1579-85. [PMID: 26950824 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516000520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although experimental studies suggest that fruits, vegetables and legumes may exert protective effects against prostate carcinogenesis through various bioactive compounds such as dietary fibre and antioxidants, epidemiological evidence is lacking. Notably, very few prospective studies have investigated the relationship between legume intake and prostate cancer risk. Our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between fruit, vegetable, tomato products, potatoes and legume intakes and prostate cancer risk. This study included 3313 male participants to the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants cohort (follow-up: 1994-2007) who completed at least three 24-h dietary records during the first 2 years of follow-up. Associations between tertiles of intake and prostate cancer risk were assessed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. After a median follow-up of 12·6 years, 139 incident prostate cancers were diagnosed. An inverse association was observed between prostate cancer risk and tertiles of legume intake (hazard ratio (HR)T3v.T1=0·53; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·85; P trend=0·009). This association was maintained after excluding soya and soya products from the legume group (HRT3 v.T1=0·56; 95 % CI 0·35, 0·89; P trend=0·02). No association was observed between prostate cancer risk and tertiles of intakes of fruits (P trend=0·25), vegetables (P trend=0·91), potatoes (P trend=0·77) and tomato products (P trend=0·09). This prospective study confirms the null association between fruit and non-starchy vegetable intakes and prostate cancer risk observed in most previous cohorts. In contrast, although very few prospective studies have been published on the topic, our results suggest an inverse association between legume intake and prostate cancer risk, supported by mechanistic plausibility. These results should be confirmed by large-scale observational and intervention studies.
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26
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Latino-Martel P, Cottet V, Druesne-Pecollo N, Pierre FH, Touillaud M, Touvier M, Vasson MP, Deschasaux M, Le Merdy J, Barrandon E, Ancellin R. Alcoholic beverages, obesity, physical activity and other nutritional factors, and cancer risk: A review of the evidence. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 99:308-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Comino P, Collins H, Lahnstein J, Gidley MJ. Effects of diverse food processing conditions on the structure and solubility of wheat, barley and rye endosperm dietary fibre. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Kunzmann AT, Coleman HG, Huang WY, Kitahara CM, Cantwell MM, Berndt SI. Dietary fiber intake and risk of colorectal cancer and incident and recurrent adenoma in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:881-90. [PMID: 26269366 PMCID: PMC4588743 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary fiber has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, it remains unclear at which stage in the carcinogenic pathway fiber may act or which food sources of dietary fiber may be most beneficial against colorectal cancer development. OBJECTIVE The objective was to prospectively evaluate the association between dietary fiber intake and the risk of incident and recurrent colorectal adenoma and incident colorectal cancer. DESIGN Study participants were identified from the intervention arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Participants received flexible sigmoidoscopy at baseline and 3 or 5 y after. Dietary fiber intake was measured by using a self-reported dietary questionnaire. The colorectal cancer, incident adenoma, and recurrent adenoma analyses were based on 57,774, 16,980, and 1667 participants, respectively. Unconditional logistic regression was used to assess the risk of incident and recurrent adenoma, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the risk of colorectal cancer across categories of dietary fiber intake, with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Elevated total dietary fiber intake was associated with a significantly reduced risk of incident distal colorectal adenoma (ORhighest vs. lowest tertile of intake: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.91; P-trend = 0.003) but not recurrent adenoma (P-trend = 0.67). Although the association was not statistically significant for colorectal cancer overall (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.03; P-trend = 0.10), a reduced risk of distal colon cancer was observed with increased total fiber intake (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.94; P-trend = 0.03). Protective associations were most notable for fiber originating from cereals or fruit. CONCLUSIONS This large, prospective study within a population-based screening trial suggests that individuals consuming the highest intakes of dietary fiber have reduced risks of incident colorectal adenoma and distal colon cancer and that this effect of dietary fiber, particularly from cereals and fruit, may begin early in colorectal carcinogenesis. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01696981.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, and
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, and
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cari M Kitahara
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Marie M Cantwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, and
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
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Intermolecular binding of blueberry pectin-rich fractions and anthocyanin. Food Chem 2015; 194:986-93. [PMID: 26471644 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pectin was extracted from blueberry powder into three fractions of water soluble (WSF), chelator soluble (CSF) and sodium carbonate soluble (NSF). The fractions were incubated with cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a mixture of five anthocyanidins (cyanidin, pelargonidin, malvidin, petunidin and delphinidin) or blueberry juice at pH 2.0-4.5. Free anthocyanins and bound anthocyanin-pectin mixtures were separated by ultrafiltration. WSF bound the least amount of anthocyanin at all pH values. CSF had stronger anthocyanin binding ability at pH 2.0-3.6, while NSF had stronger anthocyanin binding ability at pH 3.6-4.5. The pectin and anthocyanin binding was lowest at pH 4.5 and higher at pH 2.0-3.6. Nearly doubling C3G pigment content increased bound anthocyanin percentage by 16-23% at pH 3.6, which favored anthocyanin aromatic stacking, compared to 3-9% increase at pH 2.0. Ionic interaction between anthocyanin flavylium cations and free pectic carboxyl groups, and anthocyanin stacking may be two major mechanisms for pectin and anthocyanin binding.
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Chhim AS, Fassier P, Latino-Martel P, Druesne-Pecollo N, Zelek L, Duverger L, Hercberg S, Galan P, Deschasaux M, Touvier M. Prospective association between alcohol intake and hormone-dependent cancer risk: modulation by dietary fiber intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:182-9. [PMID: 25994566 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.098418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol intake is associated with increased circulating concentrations of sex hormones, which in turn may increase hormone-dependent cancer risk. This association may be modulated by dietary fiber intake, which has been shown to decrease steroid hormone bioavailability (decreased blood concentration and increased sex hormone-binding globulin concentration). However, this potential modulation has not been investigated in any prospective cohort. OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to study the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of hormone-dependent cancers (breast, prostate, ovarian, endometrial, and testicular) and to investigate whether dietary fiber intake modulated these associations. DESIGN This prospective observational analysis included 3771 women and 2771 men who participated in the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants study (1994-2007) and completed at least 6 valid 24-h dietary records during the first 2 y of follow-up. After a median follow-up of 12.1 y, 297 incident hormone-dependent cancer cases, including 158 breast and 123 prostate cancers, were diagnosed. Associations were tested via multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Overall, alcohol intake was directly associated with the risk of hormone-dependent cancers (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.84; P-trend = 0.02) and breast cancer (HR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.61; P-trend = 0.04) but not prostate cancer (P-trend = 0.3). In stratified analyses (by sex-specific median of dietary fiber intake), alcohol intake was directly associated with hormone-dependent cancer (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.82; P-trend = 0.002), breast cancer (HR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.30, 4.95; P-trend = 0.02), and prostate cancer (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 0.65, 2.89; P-trend = 0.02) risk among individuals with low dietary fiber intake but not among their counterparts with higher dietary fiber intake (P-trend = 0.9, 0.8, and 0.6, respectively). The P-interaction between alcohol and dietary fiber intake was statistically significant for prostate cancer (P = 0.01) but not for overall hormone-dependent (P = 0.2) or breast (P = 0.9) cancer. CONCLUSION In line with mechanistic hypotheses and experimental data, this prospective study suggested that dietary fiber intake might modulate the association between alcohol intake and risk of hormone-dependent cancer. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chhim
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Philippine Fassier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Laurent Zelek
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and Oncology and
| | | | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and Public Health Departments, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Center (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13, 7, and 5 Universities, Bobigny, France; and
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Comino P, Collins H, Lahnstein J, Beahan C, Gidley MJ. Characterisation of soluble and insoluble cell wall fractions from rye, wheat and hull-less barley endosperm flours. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Deschasaux M, Pouchieu C, His M, Hercberg S, Latino-Martel P, Touvier M. Dietary total and insoluble fiber intakes are inversely associated with prostate cancer risk. J Nutr 2014; 144:504-10. [PMID: 24553693 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.189670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although experimental data suggest a potentially protective involvement of dietary fiber in prostate carcinogenesis, very few prospective studies have investigated the relation between dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk, and those have had inconsistent results. Our objective was to study the association between dietary fiber intake (overall, insoluble, soluble, and from different sources, such as cereals, vegetables, fruits, and legumes) and prostate cancer risk. Stratifications by excess weight status, insulin-like growth factors, and amount of alcohol intake were also considered. This prospective analysis included 3313 men from the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort who completed at least 3 24-h dietary records. One hundred thirty-nine incident prostate cancers were diagnosed between 1994 and 2007 (median follow-up of 12.6 y). Associations between quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk were characterized by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Prostate cancer risk was inversely associated with total dietary fiber intake (HR of quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.81; P = 0.001), insoluble (HR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.78; P = 0.001), and legume (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.95; P = 0.04) fiber intakes. In contrast, we found no association between prostate cancer risk and soluble (P = 0.1), cereal (P = 0.7), vegetable (P = 0.9), and fruit (P = 0.4) fiber intakes. In conclusion, dietary fiber intake (total, insoluble, and from legumes but not soluble or from cereals, vegetables, and fruits) was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk, consistent with mechanistic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Deschasaux
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, U1153 National Institute of Health and Medical Research, U1125 National Institute for Agricultural Research, National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
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Hidalgo A, Brandolini A. Nutritional properties of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:601-612. [PMID: 24022812 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The hulled wheat einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum), a staple food of early farmers for many thousand years, today is cropped only in small areas of the Mediterranean region and continental Europe. Increasing attention to the nutritional quality of foods has fostered renewed interest in this low-impact crop. The reappraisal of einkorn quality evidenced that this ancient wheat has some dietary advantages over polyploid wheats. Einkorn wholemeal is poor in dietary fibre but rich in proteins, lipids (mostly unsaturated fatty acids), fructans and trace elements (including zinc and iron). The good concentration of several antioxidant compounds (carotenoids, tocols, conjugated polyphenols, alkylresorcinols and phytosterols) and low β-amylase and lipoxygenase activities (which limit antioxidant degradation during food processing) contribute to the excellent nutritional properties of its flour, superior to those of other wheats. Conversely, einkorn has relatively low bound polyphenol content and high polyphenol oxidase activity. In spite of eliciting weaker toxic reactions than other Triticum species, einkorn is not suitable for coeliacs. Current trends towards the consumption of functional foods suggest that this cereal may still play a significant role in human consumption, especially in the development of new or special foods with superior nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Hidalgo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133, Milan, Italy
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Li J, Solval KM, Alfaro L, Zhang J, Chotiko A, Delgado JLB, Chouljenko A, Bankston D, Bechtel PJ, Sathivel S. Effect of Blueberry Extract From Blueberry Pomace on the Microencapsulated Fish Oil. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - Kevin Mis Solval
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA
| | - Luis Alfaro
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - Arranee Chotiko
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - Jose Luis Brandao Delgado
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - Alexander Chouljenko
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - David Bankston
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
| | - Peter J. Bechtel
- USDA/ARS Food Processing and Sensory Quality Unit; New Orleans LA
| | - Subramaniam Sathivel
- Department of Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803-4300
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA
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Lamacchia C, Camarca A, Picascia S, Di Luccia A, Gianfrani C. Cereal-based gluten-free food: how to reconcile nutritional and technological properties of wheat proteins with safety for celiac disease patients. Nutrients 2014; 6:575-90. [PMID: 24481131 PMCID: PMC3942718 DOI: 10.3390/nu6020575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gluten-free diet is, to date, the only efficacious treatment for patients with Celiac Disease. In recent years, the impressive rise of Celiac Disease incidence, dramatically prompted changes in the dietary habit of an increasingly large population, with a rise in demand of gluten-free products. The formulation of gluten-free bakery products presents a formidable challenge to cereal technologists. As wheat gluten contributes to the formation of a strong protein network, that confers visco-elasticity to the dough and allows the wheat flour to be processed into a wide range of products, the preparation of cereal-based gluten-free products is a somehow difficult process. This review focuses on nutritional and technological quality of products made with gluten-free cereals available on the market. The possibility of using flour from naturally low toxic ancient wheat species or detoxified wheat for the diet of celiacs is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Lamacchia
- Department of Food Science, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100 - Foggia, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Camarca
- Institute of Food Sciences-CNR, Carmen Gianfrani, ISA-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 - Avellino, Italy.
| | - Stefania Picascia
- Institute of Food Sciences-CNR, Carmen Gianfrani, ISA-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 - Avellino, Italy.
| | - Aldo Di Luccia
- Department of Food Science, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100 - Foggia, Italy.
| | - Carmen Gianfrani
- Institute of Food Sciences-CNR, Carmen Gianfrani, ISA-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 - Avellino, Italy.
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Deschasaux M, Zelek L, Pouchieu C, His M, Hercberg S, Galan P, Latino-Martel P, Touvier M. Prospective association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79718. [PMID: 24244548 PMCID: PMC3828192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanistic hypotheses suggest a potential effect of dietary fiber on breast carcinogenesis through the modulation of insulin-like growth factor bioactivity, estrogen metabolism and inflammation. An association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk has been suggested in epidemiological studies but remains inconclusive. In particular, data is lacking regarding the different types of dietary fibers. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate the prospective relationship between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk, taking into account different types of dietary fiber (overall, insoluble, soluble and from different food sources: cereals, vegetables, fruits and legumes). DESIGN 4684 women from the SU.VI.MAX cohort were included in this analysis as they completed at least three 24h-dietary records within the first two years of follow-up. Among them, 167 incident invasive breast cancers were diagnosed during a median follow-up of 12.6 years (between 1994 and 2007). The associations between quartiles of dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk were characterized using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Total fiber intake was not associated with breast cancer risk (HR(Quartile4vs.Quartile1) = 1.29 (95%CI 0.66-2.50), P-trend = 0.5), nor was fiber intake from cereals (P-trend = 0.1), fruits (P-trend = 0.9) and legumes (P-trend = 0.3). In contrast, vegetable fiber intake was related to a decreased risk of breast cancer (HR(Q4vs.Q1) = 0.50 (0.29-0.88), P-trend = 0.03). Overall vegetable intake (in g/day) was not associated with breast cancer risk (P-trend = 0.2). CONCLUSION This prospective study suggests that vegetable fiber intake may contribute to reduce breast cancer risk, in line with experimental mechanistic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Deschasaux
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Laurent Zelek
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
- Oncology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Camille Pouchieu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Paris 13 University, SMBH Paris 13, Bobigny, France
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Aune D, Chan DSM, Greenwood DC, Vieira AR, Rosenblatt DAN, Vieira R, Norat T. Dietary fiber and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:1394-402. [PMID: 22234738 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from case-control studies suggest that dietary fiber may be inversely related to breast cancer risk, but it is unclear if this is supported by prospective data. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from prospective studies. METHODS PubMed was searched for prospective studies of fiber intake and breast cancer risk until 31st August 2011. Random effects models were used to estimate summary relative risks (RRs). RESULTS Sixteen prospective studies were included. The summary RR for the highest versus the lowest intake was 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89-0.98, I(2) = 0%] for dietary fiber, 0.95 (95% CI 0.86-1.06, I(2) = 4%) for fruit fiber, 0.99 (95% CI 0.92-1.07, I(2) = 1%) for vegetable fiber, 0.96 (95% CI 0.90-1.02, I(2) = 5%) for cereal fiber, 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.99, I(2) = 7%) for soluble fiber and 0.95 (95% CI 0.89-1.02, I(2) = 0%) for insoluble fiber. The summary RR per 10 g/day of dietary fiber was 0.95 (95% CI 0.91-0.98, I(2) = 0%, P(heterogeneity) = 0.82). In stratified analyses, the inverse association was only observed among studies with a large range (≥13 g/day) or high level of intake (≥25 g/day). CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis of prospective studies, there was an inverse association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Wong TW, Colombo G, Sonvico F. Pectin matrix as oral drug delivery vehicle for colon cancer treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:201-14. [PMID: 21194013 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the fourth most common cancer globally with 639,000 deaths reported annually. Typical chemotherapy is provided by injection route to reduce tumor growth and metastasis. Recent research investigates the oral delivery profiles of chemotherapeutic agents. In comparison to injection, oral administration of drugs in the form of a colon-specific delivery system is expected to increase drug bioavailability at target site, reduce drug dose and systemic adverse effects. Pectin is suitable for use as colon-specific drug delivery vehicle as it is selectively digested by colonic microflora to release drug with minimal degradation in upper gastrointestinal tract. The present review examines the physicochemical attributes of formulation needed to retard drug release of pectin matrix prior to its arrival at colon, and evaluate the therapeutic value of pectin matrix in association with colon cancer. The review suggests that multi-particulate calcium pectinate matrix is an ideal carrier to orally deliver drugs for site-specific treatment of colon cancer as (1) crosslinking of pectin by calcium ions in a matrix negates drug release in upper gastrointestinal tract, (2) multi-particulate carrier has a slower transit and a higher contact time for drug action in colon than single-unit dosage form, and (3) both pectin and calcium have an indication to reduce the severity of colon cancer from the implication of diet and molecular biology studies. Pectin matrix demonstrates dual advantages as drug carrier and therapeutic for use in treatment of colon cancer.
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Potential role of marine algae on female health, beauty, and longevity. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:41-55. [PMID: 22054937 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Marine environment has been known as a rich source of chemical structures with numerous health benefit effects. Among marine organisms, marine algae have been identified as an underexploited plant resource although they have long been recognized as valuable sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. Presently, several lines of studies have provided insight into biological activities of marine algae in promoting female health, beauty, and longevity. Hence, marine algae have a great potential to be used as a part of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. This contribution presents an overview of marine algal potential effect in promoting female health, beauty, and longevity.
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Kim SK, Pangestuti R, Rahmadi P. Sea lettuces: culinary uses and nutritional value. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:57-70. [PMID: 22054938 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In many countries, sea lettuces are commonly consumed as food by human since the beginning of times. Sea lettuces contain significant amount of nutrients which are essential for human body. Moreover, several studies have provided insight into biological activities and health promoting effects of sea lettuces. Despite having so much health beneficial effects, sea lettuces are still identified as an underexploited plant resources for food purposes. Hence, sea lettuces have a great potential for further development as products in foods and pharmaceutical areas. Further, potential applications of polysaccharides, protein and amino acid, lipid and fatty acid, mineral and vitamin contents may increase the sea lettuces value. This contributions presents information on the currently culinary use of sea lettuces worldwide and nutritional aspects of sea lettuces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Gebruers K, Dornez E, Bedõ Z, Rakszegi M, Frás A, Boros D, Courtin CM, Delcour JA. Environment and genotype effects on the content of dietary fiber and its components in wheat in the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:9353-61. [PMID: 20462191 DOI: 10.1021/jf100447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Within the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screen, the variability of the contents of dietary fiber (DF) and components thereof was studied in wheat. Furthermore, the contribution of genotype and environment to this variability was estimated. The levels of total DF (TDF), total nonstarch polysaccharide (TOTNSP), water-extractable nonstarch polysaccharide (WENSP), total arabinoxylan (TOTAX), lignin, and beta-glucan in whole meal, flour, and/or bran varied approximately 1.8-fold. The highest variability was observed for the water-extractable arabinoxylan (WEAX) level in flour and bran (approximately 3.7-fold). Genotype and environment contributed to a similar extent to the variability in TDF, TOTNSP, and TOTAX content in wheat. The observed relatively high impact of genotype-environment interaction suggests that the levels of these constituents are weak breeding parameters. The WENSP level is a more stable parameter as the effect of the interaction term was much less than the impact of genotype. For TOTAX and WEAX in flour, WEAX in bran, beta-glucan in whole meal, and extract viscosity, wheat genotype determined approximately 50% or higher of the variation observed, whereas the impact of the genotype-environment interaction was relatively low. These findings suggest that the health-related and technological functionality of wheat can be directed to a certain extent by selection of appropriate wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Gebruers
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2463, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Toole GA, Le Gall G, Colquhoun IJ, Nemeth C, Saulnier L, Lovegrove A, Pellny T, Wilkinson MD, Freeman J, Mitchell RAC, Mills ENC, Shewry PR. Temporal and spatial changes in cell wall composition in developing grains of wheat cv. Hereward. PLANTA 2010; 232:677-89. [PMID: 20549231 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A combination of enzyme mapping, FT-IR microscopy and NMR spectroscopy was used to study temporal and spatial aspects of endosperm cell wall synthesis and deposition in developing grain of bread wheat cv. Hereward. This confirmed previous reports that changes in the proportions of the two major groups of cell wall polysaccharides occur, with beta-glucan accumulating earlier in development than arabinoxylan. Changes in the structure of the arabinoxylan occurred, with decreased proportions of disubstituted xylose residues and increased proportions of monosubstituted xylose residues. These are likely to result, at least in part, from arabinoxylan restructuring catalysed by enzymes such as arabinoxylan arabinofurano hydrolase and lead to changes in cell wall mechanical properties which may be required to withstand stresses during grain maturation and desiccation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Toole
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
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43
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New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre? Nutr Res Rev 2010; 23:65-134. [PMID: 20565994 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422410000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 593] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety, reduced transit time and glycaemic response), fibre (improved faecal bulking and satiety, viscosity and SCFA production, and/or reduced glycaemic response) and Mg (better glycaemic homeostasis through increased insulin secretion), together with the antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties of numerous bioactive compounds, especially those in the bran and germ (minerals, trace elements, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and alkylresorcinols), are today well-recognised mechanisms in this protection. Recent findings, the exhaustive listing of bioactive compounds found in whole-grain wheat, their content in whole-grain, bran and germ fractions and their estimated bioavailability, have led to new hypotheses. The involvement of polyphenols in cell signalling and gene regulation, and of sulfur compounds, lignin and phytic acid should be considered in antioxidant protection. Whole-grain wheat is also a rich source of methyl donors and lipotropes (methionine, betaine, choline, inositol and folates) that may be involved in cardiovascular and/or hepatic protection, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation. Potential protective effects of bound phenolic acids within the colon, of the B-complex vitamins on the nervous system and mental health, of oligosaccharides as prebiotics, of compounds associated with skeleton health, and of other compounds such as alpha-linolenic acid, policosanol, melatonin, phytosterols and para-aminobenzoic acid also deserve to be studied in more depth. Finally, benefits of nutrigenomics to study complex physiological effects of the 'whole-grain package', and the most promising ways for improving the nutritional quality of cereal products are discussed.
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44
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized societies and leads to significant treatment costs. Currently there are screening programs with fecal occult blood testing, radiographic, and endoscopic evaluation. Despite this, mortality from colorectal cancer has not improved dramatically. As such, attention has turned to finding agents to prevent carcinogenesis. The emerging field known as chemoprevention studies agents that target multiple steps in the development of adenomas and their subsequent transformation to colorectal carcinoma. There are multiple case control, cohort, and randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of fiber, calcium, vitamin D, folate, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs as chemopreventive agents against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa D Fajardo
- Department of Surgery/Colorectal Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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45
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Shewry PR. The HEALTHGRAIN programme opens new opportunities for improving wheat for nutrition and health. NUTR BULL 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-3010.2009.01747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Abstract
Wheat is the dominant crop in temperate countries being used for human food and livestock feed. Its success depends partly on its adaptability and high yield potential but also on the gluten protein fraction which confers the viscoelastic properties that allow dough to be processed into bread, pasta, noodles, and other food products. Wheat also contributes essential amino acids, minerals, and vitamins, and beneficial phytochemicals and dietary fibre components to the human diet, and these are particularly enriched in whole-grain products. However, wheat products are also known or suggested to be responsible for a number of adverse reactions in humans, including intolerances (notably coeliac disease) and allergies (respiratory and food). Current and future concerns include sustaining wheat production and quality with reduced inputs of agrochemicals and developing lines with enhanced quality for specific end-uses, notably for biofuels and human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Shewry
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK.
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47
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Gebruers K, Dornez E, Boros D, Fraś A, Dynkowska W, Bedo Z, Rakszegi M, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. Variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in wheats in the HEALTHGRAIN Diversity Screen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:9740-9. [PMID: 18921978 DOI: 10.1021/jf800975w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Within the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screening program, the variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in different types of wheat was studied. The wheat types were winter (131 varieties) and spring (20 varieties) wheats (both Triticum aestivum L., also referred to as common wheats), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf., 10 varieties), spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L., 5 varieties), einkorn wheat (T. monococcum L., 5 varieties), and emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schubler, 5 varieties). Common wheats contained, on average, the highest level of dietary fiber [11.5-18.3% of dry matter (dm)], whereas einkorn and emmer wheats contained the lowest level (7.2-12.8% of dm). Intermediate levels were measured in durum and spelt wheats (10.7-15.5% of dm). Also, on the basis of the arabinoxylan levels in bran, the different wheat types could be divided this way, with ranges of 12.7-22.1% of dm for common wheats, 6.1-14.4% of dm for einkorn and emmer wheats, and 10.9-13.9% of dm for durum and spelt wheats. On average, bran arabinoxylan made up ca. 29% of the total dietary fiber content of wheat. In contrast to what was the case for bran, the arabinoxylan levels in flour were comparable between the different types of wheat. For wheat, in general, they varied between 1.35 and 2.75% of dm. Einkorn, emmer, and durum wheats contained about half the level of mixed-linkage beta-glucan (0.25-0.45% of dm) present in winter, spring, and spelt wheats (0.50-0.95% of dm). All wheat types had Klason lignin, the levels of which varied from 1.40 to 3.25% of dm. The arabinoxylan contents in bran and the dietary fiber contents in wholemeal were inversely and positively related with bran yield, respectively. Aqueous wholemeal extract viscosity, a measure for the level of soluble dietary fiber, was determined to large extent by the level of water-extractable arabinoxylan. In conclusion, the present study revealed substantial variation in the contents of dietary fiber and constituents thereof between different wheat types and varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Gebruers
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2463, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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48
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Ward JL, Poutanen K, Gebruers K, Piironen V, Lampi AM, Nyström L, Andersson AAM, Aman P, Boros D, Rakszegi M, Bedo Z, Shewry PR. The HEALTHGRAIN Cereal Diversity Screen: concept, results, and prospects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:9699-709. [PMID: 18921969 DOI: 10.1021/jf8009574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and fifty bread wheat lines and 50 other lines of small-grain cereals (spelt, durum wheat, Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, oats, rye, and barley) were selected for diversity in their geographical origin, age, and characteristics. They were grown on a single site in Hungary in 2004-2005, harvested, milled, and analyzed for a range of phytochemicals (tocols, sterols, phenolic acids, folates, alkylresorcinols) and fiber components that are considered to have health benefits. Detailed analyses of these components in the different species are reported in a series of accompanying papers. The present paper discusses the comparative levels of the bioactive components in the different species, showing differences in both ranges and mean amounts. Furthermore, detailed comparisons of the bread wheat lines show that it is possible to identify lines in which high levels of phytochemicals and dietary fiber components are combined with good yield and processing quality. This means that commercially competitive lines with high levels of bioactive components are a realistic goal for plant breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Ward
- Centre for Crop Genetic Improvement, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
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Vlachos A, Arvanitoyannis IS. A Review of Rice Authenticity/Adulteration Methods and Results. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2008; 48:553-98. [DOI: 10.1080/10408390701558175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Factors affecting adherence to a raw vegan diet. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2007; 14:53-9. [PMID: 18243943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate adherence and identify predictors of adherence to a raw vegan diet (i.e., uncooked plant foods) following a stay at a raw vegan institute. In this cohort study of guests at a raw vegan institute, subjects completed written questionnaires upon arrival and 12 weeks later. Of 107 eligible guests, 84 participated. Mean age was 54 years, 23 were male, and 73 white. Fifty-one completed the 12-week follow-up. Eight (16%) reported their diet to be 80% raw vegan at baseline and 14 (28%) at follow-up. Based on a raw vegan dietary adherence score (range 0-42) created for this study, mean adherence (SD) increased from 15.1 (5.4) to 17.0 (5.8) over 12 weeks (p=0.03). Baseline predictors of adherence included: education (beta=0.95), severity of disease (beta=0.98), and self-efficacy to adhere (beta=0.72). Future interventions that evaluate this diet should address self-efficacy, an important, potentially remediable predictor of adherence.
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