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Pitrolino K, Felfel R, Roberts G, Scotchford C, Grant D, Sottile V. In vitrodegradation of a chitosan-based osteochondral construct points to a transient effect on cellular viability. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055025. [PMID: 39105245 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad6547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Bioresorbable chitosan scaffolds have shown potential for osteochondral repair applications. Thein vivodegradation of chitosan, mediated by lysozyme and releasing glucosamine, enables progressive replacement by ingrowing tissue. Here the degradation process of a chitosan-nHA based bioresorbable scaffold was investigated for mass loss, mechanical properties and degradation products released from the scaffold when subjected to clinically relevant enzyme concentrations. The scaffold showed accelerated mass loss during the early stages of degradation but without substantial reduction in mechanical strength or structure deterioration. Although not cytotoxic, the medium in which the scaffold was degraded for over 2 weeks showed a transient decrease in mesenchymal stem cell viability, and the main degradation product (glucosamine) demonstrated a possible adverse effect on viability when added at its peak concentration. This study has implications for the design and biomedical application of chitosan scaffolds, underlining the importance of modelling degradation products to determine suitability for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Pitrolino
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- College of Science and Engineering,University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Reda Felfel
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - George Roberts
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Scotchford
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Grant
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- UOC Bioscaffolds and transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Lu SH, Yun TF, Kou YR, Chang YP. Preliminary evidence for therapeutic impact of intravesical glucosamine on protamine sulfate and potassium chloride-induced bladder overactivity in rat model. World J Urol 2024; 42:405. [PMID: 38990380 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-05100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the protective effect of intravesical glucosamine in treating overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS Ninety-two female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 4 groups i.e. protamine sulfate (PS), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and glucosamine-treated PS (GPS), and normal saline control (NC) were used. We induced hyperactivity in rats via intravesical infusion of PS and potassium chloride (KCl), whereas the NC group underwent a sustained intravesical saline infusion for 1 h. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potential antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory agent was employed as positive control. Cystometrography (CMG) was then conducted to determine urodynamic parameters, i.e., leak point pressure (LPP, n = 48) and inter-contractile interval, the duration between two voids (ICI, n = 32). RESULTS LPP was significantly elevated in the GPS group (mean ± SD: 110.9 ± 6.2 mmHg) compared to the NC (81.0 ± 32.5 mmHg), PS (40.3 ± 10.9 mmHg), and NAC group (70.3 ± 19.4 mmHg). The cystometrogram data also reveals a prolonged ICI in the GPS group (241.3 ± 40.2 s) compared to the NC group (216.0 ± 41.7 s), PS group (128.8 ± 23.6 s), and NAC group (193.8 ± 28.3 s). CONCLUSION This preliminary study implies the ameliorative impact of GPS treatment on OAB in terms of improved urodynamic parameters, including LPP and ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Lu
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tien-Fu Yun
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Ru Kou
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chang
- Department of Healthcare Information and Management, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Taoyuan Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Sivakumar S, Sivakumar G, Sundramoorthy AK. Effects of Glucosamine in the Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Review. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:373-378. [PMID: 38213156 DOI: 10.2174/0115733971283009231225144322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible damage to articular surfaces, including inflammation, loss of articular cartilage, and subchondral bone alterations, which would be radiographically evident only in later stages. Symptomatic slow-acting so-called nutraceutical drugs have been proposed as a treatment for osteoarthritis in comparison to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) because of their appreciable safety profile even in long-term intake. Glucosamine, being one among them, proved highly efficient in knee osteoarthritis. However, its application in TMJ osteoarthritis dates back only to 2001 and is still inconclusive in its efficiency even with systematic reviews, in restoring the structural and functional aspects of damaged TMJ. Glucosamine, being a natural compound and also a contributor to building the matrix of articular cartilage, can be utilized effectively for TMJ osteoarthritis as an adjunct along with other conventional treatment modalities available till now, which also have moderate prognosis in most of the clinical scenarios. This review summarizes data relating to the mechanism of osteoarthritis and its management using glucosamine formulations. The beneficial effects of glucosamine on the pathophysiology of TMJ osteoarthritis are possibly due to its contribution to hyaluronic acid regulation and in establishing a proper balance between anabolism/catabolism in the articular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasidharan Sivakumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Research Officer, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi- 110029, India
| | - Gowardhan Sivakumar
- Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Near Vandalur, Melakkottaiyur Post, Rathinamangalam, Chennai, 600127, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ji X, Yan Y, Sun T, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhang M, Zhang H, Zhao X. Glucosamine sulphate-loaded distearoyl phosphocholine liposomes for osteoarthritis treatment: combination of sustained drug release and improved lubrication. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2716-2728. [PMID: 31033977 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease resulting from joint inflammation and damage. In this study, we employed a boundary lubricant known as a 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) liposome for loading of an anti-inflammatory drug d-glucosamine sulphate (GAS) to construct a treatment strategy allowing for sustained anti-inflammation and reduced damage. This kind of drug-loaded nanocarrier integrates the anti-inflammatory effect of the GAS and the lubrication ability of DSPC liposomes without the involvement of complex synthesis processes leading to easier popularization. Our experimental results indicated that the GAS-loaded DSPC liposomes could release GAS in a sustained manner while providing good lubrication in pure water (H2O) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the GAS-loaded DSPC liposomes prepared at a 2 : 8 molar ratio in PBS exhibited a greater entrapment efficiency, lower GAS release rate and smaller friction coefficient as compared to those prepared in H2O. The superiority of the drug release and lubrication ability achieved with the GAS-loaded DSPC liposomes in PBS were elucidated on the basis of salt-induced enhancement in liposomal stability and hydration lubrication by the hydrated salt ions. Such GAS release accelerated the viability and proliferation of primary mouse chondrocytes while also providing the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective potential for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) induced chondrocyte degeneration through the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pain related gene and catabolic proteases, as well as the up-regulation of anabolic components. We envision that the GAS-loaded DSPC liposomes could represent a promising new strategy for clinical treatment of OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Proinflammatory Effects of IL-1β Combined with IL-17A Promoted Cartilage Degradation and Suppressed Genes Associated with Cartilage Matrix Synthesis In Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203682. [PMID: 31614911 PMCID: PMC6833041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Combinations of IL-1β and other proinflammatory cytokines reportedly promote the severity of arthritis. We aimed to investigate the effects of IL-1β combined with IL-17A on cartilage degradation and synthesis in in vitro models. Cartilage explant degradation was determined using sulfated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAGs) levels, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP13) gene expression, uronic acid, and collagen contents. Cell morphology and accumulation of proteoglycans were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O staining, respectively. In the pellet culture model, expressions of cartilage-specific anabolic and catabolic genes were evaluated using real-time qRT-PCR. Early induction of MMP13 gene expression was found concomitantly with significant S-GAGs release. During the prolonged period, S-GAGs release was significantly elevated, while MMP-13 enzyme levels were persistently increased together with the reduction of the cartilaginous matrix molecules. The pellet culture showed anabolic gene downregulation, while expression of the proinflammatory cytokines, mediators, and MMP13 genes were elevated. After cytokine removal, these effects were restored to nearly basal levels. This study provides evidence that IL-1β combined with IL-17A promoted chronic inflammatory arthritis by activating the catabolic processes accompanied with the suppression of cartilage anabolism. These suggest that further applications, which suppress inflammatory enhancers, especially IL-17A, should be considered as a target for arthritis research and therapy.
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Li B, Zhang YL, Yu SY. Synovial Fluid Eotaxin-1 Levels May Reflect Disease Progression in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Among Elderly Han Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cartilage 2019; 10:408-416. [PMID: 29562767 PMCID: PMC6755868 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518764280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The CC chemokine family member eotaxin-1, also named chemokine C-C motif ligand 11 (CCL11), has been detected in knee osteoarthritis (OA) and could induce breakdown of cartilage matrix. This study was performed to investigate the plasma and synovial fluid eotaxin-1 levels with the disease progression in elderly Han Chinese with primary knee OA. DESIGN A total of 143 elderly primary knee OA patients and 135 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) was performed to evaluate the clinical severity. The radiographic severity was assessed by Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading. Plasma and synovial fluid (SF) eotaxin-1 levels were explored using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The SF levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were also examined. RESULTS Elevated plasma eotaxin-1 levels were found in knee OA patients compared with healthy controls. Eotaxin-1 levels in SF of knee OA patients with K-L grade 4 were significantly elevated compared with those with K-L grades 2 and 3. Meanwhile, knee OA patients with K-L grade 3 had significantly increased SF levels of eotaxin-1 compared with those with K-L grade 2. Plasma eotaxin-1 levels in different K-L grading did not reach significant difference. Eotaxin-1 levels in SF of knee OA patients were significantly associated with disease severity evaluated by KL grading criteria. In addition, eotaxin-1 levels in SF were positively related to clinical severity illustrated by WOMAC as well as biochemical markers MMP-3 and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Eotaxin-1 levels in SF instead of plasma, were independently and positively related to the disease severity in elderly knee OA patients. The inhibition of eotaxin-1 and its related signaling pathways may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Li Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shou-Yi Yu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Shou-Yi Yu, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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The N-Acetyl Phenylalanine Glucosamine Derivative Attenuates the Inflammatory/Catabolic Environment in a Chondrocyte-Synoviocyte Co-Culture System. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13603. [PMID: 31537813 PMCID: PMC6753094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, still lacks a true disease-modifying therapy. The involvement of the NF-κB pathway and its upstream activating kinases in OA pathogenesis has been recognized for many years. The ability of the N-acetyl phenylalanine glucosamine derivative (NAPA) to increase anabolism and reduce catabolism via inhibition of IKKα kinase has been previously observed in vitro and in vivo. The present study aims to confirm the chondroprotective effects of NAPA in an in vitro model of joint OA established with primary cells, respecting both the crosstalk between chondrocytes and synoviocytes and their phenotypes. This model satisfactorily reproduces some features of the previously investigated DMM model, such as the prominent induction of ADAMTS-5 upon inflammatory stimulation. Both gene and protein expression analysis indicated the ability of NAPA to counteract key cartilage catabolic enzymes (ADAMTS-5) and effectors (MCP-1). Molecular analysis showed the ability of NAPA to reduce IKKα nuclear translocation and H3Ser10 phosphorylation, thus inhibiting IKKα transactivation of NF-κB signalling, a pivotal step in the NF-κB-dependent gene expression of some of its targets. In conclusion, our data confirm that NAPA could truly act as a disease-modifying drug in OA.
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Şahin Ş, Bilgiç E, Salimi K, Tuncel A, Karaosmanoğlu B, Taşkıran EZ, Korkusuz P, Korkusuz F. Development, characterization and research of efficacy on in vitro cell culture of glucosamine carrying hyaluronic acid nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kashiuchi S, Miyazawa R, Nagata H, Shirai M, Shimizu M, Sone H, Kamiyama S. Effects of administration of glucosamine and chicken cartilage hydrolysate on rheumatoid arthritis in SKG mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:5008-5017. [PMID: 31355395 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00981g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supplementation with cartilage constituents, such as glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate and collagen peptide, are believed to reduce pain associated with joint disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we administered daily, 10 mg glucosamine or 100 mg chicken cartilage hydrolysate (CH) to SKG/Jcl mice, a model for spontaneous RA, for 5 weeks and evaluated their effects on RA development. In SKG mice, the administration of glucosamine had no reducing effect on RA score but suppressed the expression of Mmp13 and Col3a1 genes in articular cartilage. In contrast, administration of CH suppressed the RA score and levels of plasma interleukin-6 and interleukin-17 to half, although the differences were not significant. Mice administered with glucosamine also showed decreased bone strength of femur and these adverse effects could be eliminated when glucosamine was used in conjunction with CH. These results suggest that CH and glucosamine exert effects on different aspects in SKG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Kashiuchi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, 471 Ebigase, Higashi-ku, Niigata 950-8680, Japan.
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Drozdov VN, Shikh EV, Serebrova SY, Abrosimov AG, Starodubtsev AK. [Alflutop - in modern symptom - modifying osteoarthritis therapy]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 91:134-140. [PMID: 32598688 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the serious problems during the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) is the developing of adverse drug events during therapy. Nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first drugs with the high incidence and severity of adverse events. This article describes OA treatment strategies approaches for OA are presented using the complex drug Alflutop, which has a composition similar to the human hyaline cartilage. The drug has anti - inflammatory and analgesic effects, normalizes the function of the affected joints, improves the quality of patients' life, also has a structure - modifying effect. Such therapy is safe, well tolerable for patients, and can be used used as a starting complex OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Drozdov
- Clinical pharmacology and internal medicine propaedeutics of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Department of general medicine
| | - E V Shikh
- Clinical pharmacology and internal medicine propaedeutics of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Department of general medicine
| | - S Y Serebrova
- Clinical pharmacology and internal medicine propaedeutics of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Department of general medicine
| | - A G Abrosimov
- Clinical pharmacology and internal medicine propaedeutics of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Department of general medicine
| | - A K Starodubtsev
- Clinical pharmacology and internal medicine propaedeutics of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Department of general medicine
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Stocco TD, Antonioli E, Elias CDMV, Rodrigues BVM, Siqueira IAWDB, Ferretti M, Marciano FR, Lobo AO. Cell Viability of Porous Poly(d,l-lactic acid)/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E849. [PMID: 30871217 PMCID: PMC6471978 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of articular cartilage lesions remains an important challenge. Frequently the bone located below the cartilage is also damaged, resulting in defects known as osteochondral lesions. Tissue engineering has emerged as a potential approach to treat cartilage and osteochondral defects. The principal challenge of osteochondral tissue engineering is to create a scaffold with potential to regenerate both cartilage and the subchondral bone involved, considering the intrinsic properties of each tissue. Recent nanocomposites based on the incorporation of nanoscale fillers into polymer matrix have shown promising results for the treatment of osteochondral defects. In this present study, it was performed using the recently developed methodologies (electrodeposition and immersion in simulated body fluid) to obtain porous superhydrophilic poly(d,l-lactic acid)/vertically aligned carbon nanotubes/nanohydroxyapatite (PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp) nanocomposite scaffolds, to analyze cell behavior and gene expression of chondrocytes, and then assess the applicability of this nanobiomaterial for osteochondral regenerative medicine. The results demonstrate that PDLLA/VACNT-O:nHAp nanocomposite supports chondrocytes adhesion and decreases type I Collagen mRNA expression. Therefore, these findings suggest the possibility of novel nanobiomaterial as a scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Domingues Stocco
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-887, Brazil.
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Santo Amaro, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil.
| | - Eliane Antonioli
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Mario Ferretti
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil.
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Stichopus chloronotus aqueous extract as a chondroprotective agent for human chondrocytes isolated from osteoarthitis articular cartilage in vitro. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:521-537. [PMID: 30719603 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases family (MMPs), inflammatory mediators PGE2, COX-2 and NO are the most important group of compounds responsible for the loss of metabolic homeostasis of articular cartilage by promoting catabolic and destructive processes in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Stichopus chloronotus, a marine sea cucumber which is rich in n-3 PUFAs and phenolic compound, may exert a favorable influence on the course of the disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the regeneration and anti-inflammatory potential of S. chloronotus aqueous extract (SCAE) on human OA articular chondrocytes (HOC). METHODS The HOC isolated from knee joint cartilage removed during surgery were cultured with SCAE for 7 days. The effect of SCAE on anabolic and catabolic gene expression was verified by real-time PCR. Monolayer chondrocytes were stained with toluidine blue whereas sGAG, NO and PGE2 production in medium were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS The HOC cultured in various SCAE have polygonal morphology maintaining their chondrocytes characteristic. SAE supplementation tested was found to be effective pro-chondrogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agents, as evidenced by upregulation of cartilage specific markers collagen type II, aggrecan core protein and sox-9 expression and downregulation of collagen type 1, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, COX-2, iNOS and PAR-2 expression. The presence of SCAE in the culture was able to increase sGAG and reduce NO and PGE2 production significantly. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that SCAE demonstrated chondroprotective ability by suppressing catabolic activities, oxidative damage and effectively promoting chondrocytes growth.
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Pizzolatti ALA, Gaudig F, Seitz D, Roesler CRM, Salmoria GV. Glucosamine Hydrochloride and N-Acetylglucosamine Influence the Response of Bovine Chondrocytes to TGF-β3 and IGF in Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Tissue Culture. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 15:781-791. [PMID: 30603596 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucosamine hydrochloride (GlcN·HCl) has been shown to inhibit cell growth and matrix synthesis, but not with N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) supplementation. This effect might be related to an inhibition of critical growth factors (GF), or to a different metabolization of the two glucosamine derivatives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the synergy between GlcN·HCl, GlcNAc, and GF on proliferation and cartilage matrix synthesis. Method Bovine chondrocytes were cultivated in monolayers for 48 h and in three-dimensional (3D) chitosan scaffolds for 30 days in perfusion bioreactors. Serum-free (SF) medium was supplemented with either growth factors (GF) TGF-β (5 ng mL-1) and IGF-I (10 ng mL-1), GlcN·HCl or GlcNAc at 1mM each or both. Six groups were compared according to medium supplementation: (a) SF control; (b) SF + GlcN·HCl; (c) SF + GlcNAc; (d) SF + GF; (e) SF + GF + GlcN·HCl; and (f) SF + GF + GlcNAc. Cell proliferation, proteoglycan, collagen I (COL1), and collagen II (COL2) synthesis were evaluated. Results The two glucosamines showed opposite effects in monolayer culture: GlcN·HCl significantly reduced proliferation and GlcNAc significantly augmented cellular metabolism. In the 30 days 3D culture, the GlcN·HCl added to GF stimulated cell proliferation more than when compared to GF only, but the proteoglycan synthesis was smaller than GF. However, GlcNAc added to GF improved the cell proliferation and proteoglycan synthesis more than when compared to GF and GF/GlcN·HCl. The synthesis of COL1 and COL2 was observed in all groups containing GF. Conclusion GlcN·HCl and GlcNAc increased cell growth and stimulated COL2 synthesis in long-time 3D culture. However, only GlcNAc added to GF improved proteoglycan synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz A Pizzolatti
- 1Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering (LEBm), University Hospital, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, St. Maria Flora Pausewang, Florianópolis, SC 88036-800 Brazil.,2CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, St. ERL-Norte, Brasília, DF 70.040-020 Brazil
| | - Florian Gaudig
- Friedrich Baur Biomed Center, Bayreuth, St. Ludwig-Thoma- 36c, 95447 Bayreuth, Bavaria Germany.,4University of Bayreuth, St. University 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Bavaria Germany
| | - Daniel Seitz
- Friedrich Baur Biomed Center, Bayreuth, St. Ludwig-Thoma- 36c, 95447 Bayreuth, Bavaria Germany.,4University of Bayreuth, St. University 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Bavaria Germany
| | - Carlos R M Roesler
- 1Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering (LEBm), University Hospital, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, St. Maria Flora Pausewang, Florianópolis, SC 88036-800 Brazil
| | - Gean Vitor Salmoria
- 1Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering (LEBm), University Hospital, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, St. Maria Flora Pausewang, Florianópolis, SC 88036-800 Brazil
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14
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Synergistic effect of glucosamine and vitamin E against experimental rheumatoid arthritis in neonatal rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:835-840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Agrawal P, Pramanik K, Biswas A. Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on silk fibroin:chitosan–glucosamine scaffold in dynamic culture. Regen Med 2018; 13:545-558. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cartilage damage is a common age-related problem that leads to progressive proteoglycan loss. Glucosamine stimulates proteoglycan synthesis and, therefore, its effect on the cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis over silk fibroin:chitosan (SF:CS) tissue-engineered scaffold was investigated for cartilage construct generation. Materials & methods: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured and differentiated over SF:CS–glucosamine porous scaffold, under dynamic culture condition in spinner flask bioreactor. Results: hMSCs-seeded scaffold in dynamic culture exhibited homogenous cell distribution, proliferation and higher cell density at the core than static culture. Glucosamine in scaffold promoted proteoglycan and collagenous matrix synthesis as revealed by histological and immunofluorescence studies. Quantitative-PCR analysis showed upregulation of cartilage-specific genes, thereby confirming the chondrogenic differentiation. Conclusion: The chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs was enhanced by the synergistic effect of glucosamine incorporated in SF:CS scaffold and influence of 3D dynamic culture environment, thereby resulting in chondrogenic phenotype of the cells that promoted cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinita Agrawal
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Krishna Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
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McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ. Glucosamine for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: The Time Has Come for Higher-Dose Trials. J Diet Suppl 2018; 16:179-192. [PMID: 29667462 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1448920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Although clinical trials with glucosamine in osteoarthritis have yielded mixed results, leading to doubts about its efficacy, the utility of glucosamine for preventing joint destruction and inflammation is well documented in rodent models of arthritis, including models of spontaneous osteoarthritis. The benefit of oral glucosamine in adjuvant arthritis is markedly dose dependent, likely reflecting a modulation of tissue levels of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine that in turn influences mucopolysaccharide synthesis and the extent of protein O-GlcNAcylation. Importantly, the minimal oral dose of glucosamine that exerts a detectible benefit in adjuvant arthritis achieves plasma glucosamine levels similar to those achieved when the standard clinical dose of glucosamine, 1.5 g daily, is administered as a bolus. The response of plasma glucosamine levels to an increase in glucosamine intake is nearly linear. Remarkably, every published clinical trial with glucosamine has employed the same 1.5 g dose that Rottapharm recommended for its proprietary glucosamine sulfate product decades ago, yet there has never been any published evidence that this dose is optimal with respect to efficacy and side effects. If this dose is on the edge of demonstrable clinical efficacy when experimental design is ideal, then variations in the patient populations targeted, the assessment vehicles employed, and the potency of glucosamine preparations tested could be expected to yield some null results. Failure to employ bolus dosing may also be a factor in the null results observed in the GAIT study and other trials. Clinical studies evaluating the dose dependency of glucosamine's influence on osteoarthritis are long overdue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James H O'Keefe
- b Mid America Heart Institute , University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City , MO , USA
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17
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Yao H, Xue J, Xie R, Liu S, Wang Y, Song W, Wang DA, Ren L. A novel glucosamine derivative with low cytotoxicity enhances chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:170. [PMID: 28956208 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) is a component of native cartilage extracellular matrix and useful in cartilage repair, but it was limited by toxicity in high concentrations. With the aim of altering bioactive properties of GlcN to reduce the toxicity and to facilitate chondrogenesis for hyaline cartilage formation, we introduced an amino-group modification with double bond into GlcN to produce N-acryloyl-glucosamine (AGA). The cell ATDC5 was chosen to evaluate its cytotoxicity and chondrogenesis capability. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay showed that AGA had significantly reduced the cytotoxicity compared to GlcN, and promoted ATDC5 proliferation. Alcian blue staining and biochemical analysis indicated that AGA enhanced extracellular matrix deposition. Both the mRNA and protein levels of articular cartilage markers, like Collagen II and Aggrecan were up-regulated, as shown by quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, the level of fibrocartilage marker Collagen I and hypertrophic marker Collagen Χ weren't significantly changed. Overall, these results demonstrated that the AGA achieved the functional double-bond, reduction in toxicity and enhancement in chondrogenesis could be more potential in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jingchen Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Renjian Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sa Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510041, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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18
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Swilem AE, Lehocký M, Humpolíček P, Kucekova Z, Novák I, Mičušík M, Abd El-Rehim HA, Hegazy ESA, Hamed AA, Kousal J. Description of D-glucosamine immobilization kinetics onto poly(lactic acid) surface via a multistep physicochemical approach for preparation of novel active biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:3176-3188. [PMID: 28707422 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has shown much success in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds as it can be fabricated with a tailored architecture. However, the PLA surface has drawbacks including the lack of biofunctional motifs which are essential for high affinity to biological cells. Therefore, this study describes a multistep physicochemical approach for the immobilization of d-glucosamine (GlcN), a naturally occurring monosaccharide having many biological functions, on the PLA surface aiming at enhancing the cell proliferation activity. In this approach, poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) spacer arms are first introduced into the PLA surface via plasma post-irradiation grafting technique. Then, covalent coupling or physical adsorption of GlcN with/on the PAAc spacer is carried out. Factors affecting the grafting yield are controlled to produce a suitable spacer for bioimmobilization. X-ray photon spectroscopic (XPS) analyses confirm the immobilization of GlcN on the PLA surface. The XPS results reveal also that increasing the yield of grafted PAAc spacer on the PLA surface increases the amount of covalently immobilized GlcN, but actually inhibits the immobilization process using the physical adsorption method. Contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) show a substantial increase of surface energy and roughness of PLA surface, respectively, upon the multistep modification procedure. The cytocompatibility of the modified surfaces is assessed using a mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell line. Observation from the cell culture basically demonstrates the potential of GlcN immobilization in improving the cytocompatibility of the PLA surface. Moreover, the covalent immobilization of GlcN seems to produce more cytocompatible surfaces if compared with the physical adsorption method. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3176-3188, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Swilem
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlín, 760 01, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Marian Lehocký
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlín, 760 01, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Humpolíček
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlín, 760 01, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Kucekova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, Zlín, 760 01, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Novák
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia, 845 41
| | - Matej Mičušík
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia, 845 41
| | - Hassan A Abd El-Rehim
- Department of Polymers, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed A Hegazy
- Department of Polymers, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A Hamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Jaroslav Kousal
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Prague, V Holesovickach 2, Prague 8, 18000, Czech Republic
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Shahali Z, Karbasi S, Avadi MR, Semnani D, Naghash Zargar E, HashemiBeni B. Evaluation of structural, mechanical, and cellular behavior of electrospun poly-3-hydroxybutyrate scaffolds loaded with glucosamine sulfate to develop cartilage tissue engineering. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1252353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shahali
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Avadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dariush Semnani
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Naghash Zargar
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Batoul HashemiBeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Soares da Costa D, Reis RL, Pashkuleva I. Sulfation of Glycosaminoglycans and Its Implications in Human Health and Disorders. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2017; 19:1-26. [PMID: 28226217 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071516-044610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sulfation is a dynamic and complex posttranslational modification process. It can occur at various positions within the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) backbone and modulates extracellular signals such as cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions; different sulfation patterns have been identified for the same organs and cells during their development. Because of their high specificity in relation to function, GAG sulfation patterns are referred to as the sulfation code. This review explores the role of GAG sulfation in different biological processes at the cell, tissue, and organism levels. We address the connection between the sulfation patterns of GAGs and several physiological processes and discuss the misregulation of GAG sulfation and its involvement in several genetic and metabolic disorders. Finally, we present the therapeutic potential of GAGs and their synthetic mimics in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Soares da Costa
- 3B's Research Group: Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho and Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; , , .,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group: Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho and Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; , , .,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B's Research Group: Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho and Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; , , .,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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21
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Vasiliadis HS, Tsikopoulos K. Glucosamine and chondroitin for the treatment of osteoarthritis. World J Orthop 2017; 8:1-11. [PMID: 28144573 PMCID: PMC5241539 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v8.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of primary or idiopathic osteoarthritis (OA) of knee and hip joints has substantially increased in general population during the last decades. Analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are currently extensively used as non-surgical treatment options. However, they act as symptomatic treatments, not offering a cure of OA and they are accused for an increased risk of adverse events. Glucosamine (GL) and chondroitin (CH) are nutritional supplements that have recently gained widespread use as treatment options for OA. They potentially or theoretically act as chondroprotectors or/and as “disease-modifying OA drugs” offering not only symptomatic relief but also alteration of the natural history of OA. However, although many studies have showed a significant treatment effect, accompanied with remarkable safety, there is still controversy regarding their relative effectiveness compared with placebo or other treatments. The scope of this review is to present and critically evaluate the current evidence-based information regarding the administration of GL and CH for the treatment of knee or hip OA. Our focus is to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety after the use of these supplements. An effect of GL and CH on both clinical and radiological findings has been shown. However, only a few high-quality level I trials exist in the literature, especially on the assessment of radiological progression of OA. The effect sizes are generally small and probably not clinically relevant. Even the validity of these results is limited by the high risk of bias introduced in the studies. Both GL and CH seem to be safe with no serious adverse events reported. There is currently no convincing information for the efficacy of GL and CH on OA.
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22
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Reine TM, Jenssen TG, Kolset SO. Glucosamine exposure reduces proteoglycan synthesis in primary human endothelial cells in vitro. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:32615. [PMID: 27667774 PMCID: PMC5035772 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.32615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Glucosamine (GlcN) supplements are promoted for medical reasons, for example, for patients with arthritis and other joint-related diseases. Oral intake of GlcN is followed by uptake in the intestine, transport in the circulation and thereafter delivery to chondrocytes. Here, it is postulated to have an effect on synthesis and turnover of extracellular matrix constituents expressed by these cells. Following uptake in the intestine, serum levels are transiently increased, and the endothelium is exposed to increased levels of GlcN. We investigated the possible effects of GlcN on synthesis of proteoglycans (PGs), an important matrix component, in primary human endothelial cells. METHODS Primary human endothelial cells were cultured in vitro in medium with 5 mM glucose and 0-10 mM GlcN. PGs were recovered and analysed by western blotting, or by SDS-PAGE, gel chromatography or ion-exchange chromatography of (35)S-PGs after (35)S-sulphate labelling of the cells. RESULTS The synthesis and secretion of (35)S-PGs from cultured endothelial cells were reduced in a dose- and time-dependent manner after exposure to GlcN. PGs are substituted with sulphated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, vital for PG function. The reduction in (35)S-PGs was not related to an effect on GAG chain length, number or sulphation, but rather to the total expression of PGs. CONCLUSION Exposure of endothelial cells to GlcN leads to a general decrease in (35)S-PG synthesis. These results suggest that exposure to high levels of GlcN can lead to decreased matrix synthesis, contrary to what has been claimed by supporters of such supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine M Reine
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway;
| | - Trond Geir Jenssen
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein Olav Kolset
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Xue J, Song W, Yao H, Hou S, Liu S, Wang Y, Pei D, Zhu X, Qin D, Ren L. Effects of cholic acid modified glucosamine on chondrogenic differentiation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09547j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine hydrochloride is a widely used drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis and can be easily modified by other molecules because of its alterable functional groups.
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24
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Bascoul-Colombo C, Garaiova I, Plummer SF, Harwood JL, Caterson B, Hughes CE. Glucosamine Hydrochloride but Not Chondroitin Sulfate Prevents Cartilage Degradation and Inflammation Induced by Interleukin-1α in Bovine Cartilage Explants. Cartilage 2016; 7:70-81. [PMID: 26958319 PMCID: PMC4749751 DOI: 10.1177/1947603515603762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucosamine hydrochloride (GH) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are commonly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to assess their effects, alone and in combination, on preventing aggrecan degradation and inflammation in an in vitro model of OA. DESIGN To test the effects of GH and/or CS as a preventative treatment, cartilage explants were pretreated with the compound(s) using concentrations that showed no detrimental effect on chondrocyte viability. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) was added to induce cartilage degradation, supernatant and explants were analyzed for proteoglycan degradation products, aggrecanase mRNA expression and activity, and for the release of inflammatory markers. RESULTS Following treatment with IL-1α, 2 mg/mL dose of GH pretreatment was associated with a reduction of glycosaminoglycan release, reduced generation of the pathological interglobular domain aggrecan catabolites, decreased mRNA levels of ADAMTS-4 and -5 and reduced activity of ADAMTS-4. In contrast, CS alone did not have a significant effect on IL-1α-induced cartilage degradation and the addition of 0.4 mg/mL CS to 2 mg/mL GH did not further inhibit IL-1α-induced activity. Pretreatment with 2 mg/mL GH also reduced the release of inflammatory markers, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide induced by IL-1α while CS did not have a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that GH prevents cartilage degradation mediated by aggrecanases ADAMTS-4 and -5, and may also reduce inflammation. This could be part of the mechanisms by which GH is effective in maintaining joint integrity and function, and preventing or delaying early symptoms of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Bascoul-Colombo
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK,Research Department, Obsidian Research Ltd (now Cultech Ltd), Port Talbot, UK
| | - Iveta Garaiova
- Research Department, Obsidian Research Ltd (now Cultech Ltd), Port Talbot, UK
| | - Sue F. Plummer
- Research Department, Obsidian Research Ltd (now Cultech Ltd), Port Talbot, UK
| | | | | | - Clare E Hughes
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK,Clare E. Hughes, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
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25
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Wang Y, Zhu G, Li N, Song J, Wang L, Shi X. Small molecules and their controlled release that induce the osteogenic/chondrogenic commitment of stem cells. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1626-40. [PMID: 26341834 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based tissue engineering plays a significant role in skeletal system repair and regenerative therapies. However, stem cells must be differentiated into specific mature cells prior to implantation (direct implantation may lead to tumour formation). Natural or chemically synthesised small molecules provide an efficient, accurate, reversible, and cost-effective way to differentiate stem cells compared with bioactive growth factors and gene-related methods. Thus, investigating the influences of small molecules on the differentiation of stem cells is of great significance. Here, we review a series of small molecules that can induce or/and promote the osteogenic/chondrogenic commitment of stem cells. The controlled release of these small molecules from various vehicles for stem cell-based therapies and tissue engineering applications is also discussed. The extensive studies in this field represent significant contributions to stem cell-based tissue engineering research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Guanglin Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Nanying Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Juqing Song
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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26
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Glucosamine loaded injectable silk-in-silk integrated system modulate mechanical properties in bovine ex-vivo degenerated intervertebral disc model. Biomaterials 2015; 55:64-83. [PMID: 25934453 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels offer a tremendous potential for treatment of degenerated intervertebral disc due to their ability to withstand complex loading, conforming precisely to the defect spaces and eliminating the need for invasive surgical procedures. We have developed an injectable hydrogel platform of N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) loaded silk hollow spheres embedded in silk hydrogel for in situ therapeutic release and enhanced mechanical strength. The assembled silk hydrogel provided adequate structural support to the ex vivo degenerated disc model in a cyclic compression test at par with the native tissue. Spatiotemporal release of GlcNAc in a controlled manner from the silk hollow microspheres trigger enhanced proteoglycan production from ADSCs embedded in the composite system. Role of MAPK and SMAD pathways in increasing proteoglycan production have been explored by immunohistological analysis as a result of the action of GlcNAc on the cells, elucidating the potential of injectable silk microsphere-in-silk hydrogel for the regeneration of degenerated disc tissue.
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Mavrogonatou E, Angelopoulou MT, Kletsas D. The catabolic effect of TNFα on bovine nucleus pulposus intervertebral disc cells and the restraining role of glucosamine sulfate in the TNFα-mediated up-regulation of MMP-3. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1701-7. [PMID: 25220975 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine is an endogenous amino monosaccharide naturally occurring in the cartilage. We have recently shown that glucosamine sulfate promotes the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans in intervertebral disc cells. Here we assessed the role of glucosamine sulfate in the response of bovine nucleus pulposus cell monolayers to TNFα that constitutes an early signal of disc degeneration. TNFα was not found to affect nucleus pulposus cells' viability, while it resulted in a ∼2.5-fold increase of the intracellular ROS levels, a rapid transient phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and a ROS-dependent activation of JNKs. In addition, TNFα had a prominent inflammatory effect on nucleus pulposus cells by up-regulating MMP-3 expression that was reversed when inhibiting the kinase activity of p38 MAPK. Glucosamine sulfate also diminished the increased by TNFα MMP-3 mRNA levels, but this was unrelated to the p38 MAPK or ROS-mediated JNK activation. Even though the mode of action of glucosamine towards TNFα remains to be elucidated, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report providing evidence for the protective role of glucosamine against this early mediator of disc degeneration that could support the potential usage of this molecule as a treatment for preventing disc degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10, Athens, Greece
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28
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Jiang L, Jin Y, Wang H, Jiang Y, Dong J. Glucosamine protects nucleus pulposus cells and induces autophagy via the mTOR-dependent pathway. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1532-42. [PMID: 25087910 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although glucosamine has been suggested to be effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis, its effect on disc degeneration remains unclear. We sought to explore whether glucosamine can activate autophagy in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and protect cells treated with IL-1β or hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Autophagy in cells was examined by detecting for LC3, Beclin-1, m-TOR, and p70S6K, as well as by analyzing autophagosomes. To inhibit autophagy, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was used. In the cells treated with IL-1β, the levels of Adamts-4, Mmp-13, aggrecan, and Col2a1 were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. Apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL. Cell senescence under H2 O2 was revealed by SA-β-Gal staining. Glucosamine could activate autophagy in a dose-dependent manner within 24 h and inhibit the phosphorylation of m-TOR and p70S6K. Autophagy in IL-1β or H2 O2 -treated cells was increased by glucosamine. Glucosamine attenuated the decrease of aggrecan and prevented the apoptosis of the NP cells induced by IL-1β, whereas 3-MA partly reversed these effects. The percentage of SA-β-Gal-positive cells induced by H2 O2 treatment was decreased by glucosamine, accompanied by the decline of p70S6K phosphorylation. Glucosamine protects NP cells and up-regulates autophagy by inhibiting the m-TOR pathway, which might point a potential therapeutic agent for disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiBo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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The efficacy and tolerability of glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2014; 70:185-96. [PMID: 24683229 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is often associated with disability and impaired quality of life. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of glucosamine sulfate (GS) in the treatment of knee OA. METHODS Consecutive outpatients affected by primary monolateral or bilateral knee OA were enrolled in this double-blind, double-dummy, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. One group received GS 1500 mg QD for 12 weeks, and the other group received placebo QD for 12 weeks. The treatment period was followed by a 12-week treatment-free observation phase. Each patient was examined at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24. The primary efficacy criteria were pain at rest and during movement, assessed on a visual analog scale (VAS) of 0 to 100 mm. The secondary criteria included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index for total pain score (W-TPS), total stiffness score (W-TSS), and total physical function score (W-TPFS). VAS, W-TPS, W-TSS, and W-TPFS were evaluated at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24. Analgesic drug consumption (ie, acetaminophen or NSAIDs) was also assessed. RESULTS Patient demographics were similar in the GS and placebo groups. Of 60 randomized patients (30 per group), 56 completed the study (28 treated with GS and 28 who received placebo). Statistically significant improvements in symptomatic knee OA were observed, as measured by differences in resting pain at weeks 8, 12, and 16 (all, P < 0.05 vs placebo) and in pain during movement at weeks 12 and 16 (both, P < 0.05). W-TPS was lower with GS than placebo at weeks 8, 12, and 16 (all, P < 0.01), and at week 20 (P < 0.05). W-TSS was also lower with GS than placebo at weeks 8, 12, 16, and 20 (all, P < 0.05). W-TPFS was lower with GS than placebo at weeks 8 (P < 0.05), 12 (P < 0.01), 16 (P < 0.05), and 20 (P < 0.05). Drug consumption was lower in the GS group than the placebo group at weeks 8, 12, 16, and 20 (all, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse events was 36.7% with GS and 40.0% with placebo. CONCLUSIONS GS 1500 mg QD PO for 12 weeks was associated with statistically significant reductions in pain and improvements in functioning, with decreased analgesic consumption, compared with baseline and placebo in these patients with knee OA. A carryover effect was detected after treatment ended.
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Gibson M, Li H, Coburn J, Moroni L, Nahas Z, Bingham C, Yarema K, Elisseeff J. Intra-articular delivery of glucosamine for treatment of experimental osteoarthritis created by a medial meniscectomy in a rat model. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:302-9. [PMID: 24600703 PMCID: PMC8396408 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) is a naturally occurring amino-monosaccharide with putative chondroprotective activity. Optimum responses to GlcN are achieved at concentrations which are impractical with oral dosing. Intra-articular delivery of a bolus dose of GlcN is one way to overcome these pharmacokinetic obstacles. In this study we report the effects of exposing primary human chondrocytes to a bolus dose of GlcN. We also locally administered GlcN in the context of a meniscal transection model of rat osteoarthritis (OA). The knees of male rats were subjected to medial meniscal transection and developed arthritic changes over 4 weeks.Treatment groups were then given thrice weekly 100mL injections of 35 μg, 350 μg, 1.8 mg, or 3.5mg of GlcN dissolved in normal saline. Gross images, modified Mankin scores, and histomorphometric measurements were used as outcome measures. The 350 μg dosage of GlcN had the most significant positive impact on all components of the modified Mankin score. Together, these findings suggest the local delivery of high concentrations of GlcN is well tolerated and can suppress experimental OA through influences on both bone and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gibson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Hanwei Li
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Jeannine Coburn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Zayna Nahas
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Clifford Bingham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Kevin Yarema
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Jennifer Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
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Brockhausen I, Anastassiades TP. Inflammation and arthritis: perspectives of the glycobiologist. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 4:173-91. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Altman RD. Glucosamine therapy for knee osteoarthritis: pharmacokinetic considerations. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 2:359-71. [DOI: 10.1586/ecp.09.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Higler MH, Brommer H, L'Ami JJ, de Grauw JC, Nielen M, van Weeren PR, Laverty S, Barneveld A, Back W. The effects of three-month oral supplementation with a nutraceutical and exercise on the locomotor pattern of aged horses. Equine Vet J 2013; 46:611-7. [PMID: 24011144 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Multiple in vitro studies assessing articular tissues have indicated that glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate may possess anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known of their clinical effects in vivo. Many old horses have stiff joints, which is likely to be attributable to inflammation and therapy with these nutraceutical compounds could improve joint function. OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical effects of a mixed supplement on the improvement of stiff gait in aged horses. STUDY DESIGN Randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled study. METHODS A group of 24 geriatric equids (age 29 ± 4 years; mean ± s.d.) received either 3 months oral supplementation with a test compound (containing glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate and methyl sulfonyl methane), or a placebo. Kinematic outcome criteria (primary: stride length; secondary: carpal flexion, fore fetlock extension and tarsal range of motion) were objectively quantified on a treadmill at a walk and trot before and after treatment. RESULTS Stride length did not change significantly in the treated horses at the end of the trial. In the control group, carpal flexion and fore fetlock extension were significantly increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There were no indications of effect of the supplement on gait characteristics. The observations in the control group may have been due to a habituation or exercise effect. This study does not support the use of a glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate/methyl sulfonyl methane supplement to improve stiff gait in geriatric horses because of the lack of a sizeable effect. The significant changes in gait parameters in the control group may indicate the usefulness of exercise regimens in older horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Higler
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Henrotin Y, Chevalier X, Herrero-Beaumont G, McAlindon T, Mobasheri A, Pavelka K, Schön C, Weinans H, Biesalski H. Physiological effects of oral glucosamine on joint health: current status and consensus on future research priorities. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:115. [PMID: 23531101 PMCID: PMC3629992 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the current knowledge and understanding of the potential beneficial physiological effects of glucosamine (GlcN) on joint health. The objective was to reach a consensus on four critical questions and to provide recommendations for future research priorities. To this end, nine scientists from Europe and the United States were selected according to their expertise in this particular field and were invited to participate in the Hohenheim conference held in August 2011. Each expert was asked to address a question that had previously been posed by the chairman of the conference. Based on a systematic review of the literature and the collection of recent data, the experts documented the effects of GlcN on cartilage ageing, metabolic/kinetic and maintenance of joint health as well as reduction of risk of OA development. After extensive debate and discussion the expert panel addressed each question and a general consensus statement was developed, agreeing on the current state-of-the-art and future areas for basic and clinical studies. This paper summarizes the available evidence for beneficial effects of GlcN on joint health and proposes new insight into the design of future clinical trials aimed at identifying beneficial physiological effect of GlcN on joint tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, Level +5, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, 4000, Belgium.
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The effect of glucosamine sulfate on the proliferative potential and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of nucleus pulposus intervertebral disc cells. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2013; 38:308-14. [PMID: 22825479 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e31826a0a8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN On the basis of the similarities in the structure of cartilage and intervertebral disc and on the property of glucosamine of being the building block for the construction of proteoglycan aggregates, we investigated the compound's role in the proliferation of nucleus pulposus cells under iso- and hyperosmotic conditions, the putative activation of signaling cascades, and the induction of glycosaminoglycan production. OBJECTIVE We examined the mode of action of glucosamine in nucleus pulposus cells. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Glucosamine that naturally occurs in cartilage tissues has been widely used for treating osteoarthritis, but its role in nucleus pulposus cells is largely unknown. METHODS The effect of glucosamine sulfate on the viability and proliferation of nucleus pulposus cells was assessed by the microculture tetrazolium test (MTT) assay, direct cell counting, and tritiated thymidine incorporation. Changes in the expression and phosphorylation profile of selected proteins were estimated by Western analysis. Glycosaminoglycan production was measured using the Blyscan assay. RESULTS We showed that glucosamine sulfate up to 1 mM did not influence the viability, proliferation rate, or novel DNA synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in the presence or absence of elevated osmolality but induced the transient phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The highest concentration used (10 mM) negatively affected cellular proliferation and resulted in deactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and c-Jun N-terminal kinases. Interestingly, these effects resulted from an additional hyperosmotic stress provoked by glucosamine alone. Finally, we found that a long-term incubation with glucosamine leads to an increase in the glycosaminoglycan content of nucleus pulposus cells. CONCLUSION Glucosamine sulfate was not found to reverse the high osmolality-mediated delay of proliferation in nucleus pulposus cells needed for the maintenance of the tissue's homeostasis. In addition, glycosaminoglycan synthesis stimulated by glucosamine provides a possible promising clinical role for treating disc degenerative disorders.
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Characterization of TAMRA- and biotin-conjugated peptide arrays for on-chip matrix metalloproteinase activity assay. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-012-6401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Osaki T, Kitahara K, Okamoto Y, Imagawa T, Tsuka T, Miki Y, Kawamoto H, Saimoto H, Minami S. Effect of fucoidan extracted from mozuku on experimental cartilaginous tissue injury. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:2560-70. [PMID: 23203277 PMCID: PMC3509535 DOI: 10.3390/md10112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, on acceleration of healing of experimental cartilage injury in a rabbit model. An injured cartilage model was surgically created by introduction of three holes, one in the articular cartilage of the medial trochlea and two in the trochlear sulcus of the distal femur. Rabbits in three experimental groups (F groups) were orally administered fucoidan of seven different molecular weights (8, 50, 146, 239, 330, 400, or 1000 kD) for 3 weeks by screening. Control (C group) rabbits were provided water ad libitum. After the experimental period, macroscopic examination showed that the degree of filling in the fucoidan group was higher than that in the C group. Histologically, the holes were filled by collagen fiber and fibroblasts in the C group, and by chondroblasts and fibroblasts in the F groups. Image analysis of Alcian blue- and safranin O-stained F-group specimens showed increased production of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs), respectively. Some injured holes were well repaired both macroscopically and microscopically and were filled with cartilage tissues; cartilage matrices such as PGs and GAGs were produced in groups F 50, F 146, and F 239. Thus, fucoidan administration enhanced morphologically healing of cartilage injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osaki
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Koudai Kitahara
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Yasunari Miki
- Marine Products Kimuraya, 3307 Watari, Sakaiminato, Tottori 684-0072, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Hitoshi Kawamoto
- Marine Products Kimuraya, 3307 Watari, Sakaiminato, Tottori 684-0072, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan;
| | - Saburo Minami
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.T.); (S.M.)
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Sumantran VN, Kulkarni A, Chandwaskar R, Harsulkar A, Patwardhan B, Chopra A, Wagh UV. Chondroprotective Potential of Fruit Extracts of Phyllanthus emblica in Osteoarthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 5:329-35. [PMID: 18830448 PMCID: PMC2529383 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for effective nutraceuticals for osteoarthritis care. The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica is used as a powerful rejuvenator in Ayurvedic medicine. This study measured the chondroprotective potential of P. emblica (‘Amalaki’) fruits in vitro. We used aqueous extracts of unprocessed P. emblica fruit powder (powder A), and the powder obtained after hot water extraction and drying of powder A (powder B). Chondroprotection was measured in three different assay systems. First, we tested the effects of both fruit powders on the activities of the enzymes hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2. Second, an in vitro model of cartilage degradation was set-up with explant cultures of articular knee cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Cartilage damage was assayed by measuring glycosaminoglycan release from explants treated with/without P. emblica fruit powders. Aqueous extracts of both fruit powders significantly inhibited the activities of hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2 in vitro. Third, in the explant model of cartilage matrix damage, extracts of glucosamine sulphate and powder B (0.05 mg/ml) exhibited statistically significant, long-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from 50% of the patients tested. This result is important since glucosamine sulphate is the leading nutraceutical for osteoarthritis. Powder A induced a statistically significant, short-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from all of the patients tested. This is the first study to identify and quantitate new chondroprotective activities of P. emblica fruits. These data provide pilot pre-clinical evidence for the use of P. emblica fruits as a chondroprotective agent in osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venil N Sumantran
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune 411043, Director, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Pune University, Pune 411007 and Director, Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Camp, Pune 411001, India
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An update on nutraceuticals in joint pathology. CURRENT ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICE 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/bco.0b013e3182642142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rovati LC, Girolami F, Persiani S. Crystalline glucosamine sulfate in the management of knee osteoarthritis: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2012; 4:167-80. [PMID: 22850875 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x12437753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine is an amino monosaccharide and a natural constituent of glycosaminoglycans in articular cartilage. When administered exogenously, it is used for the treatment of osteoarthritis as a prescription drug or a dietary supplement. The latter use is mainly supported by its perception as a cartilage building block, but it actually exerts specific pharmacologic effects, mainly decreasing interleukin 1-induced gene expression by inhibiting the cytokine intracellular signaling cascade in general and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activation in particular. As a whole, the use of glucosamine in the management of osteoarthritis is supported by the clinical trials performed with the original prescription product, that is, crystalline glucosamine sulfate. This is the stabilized form of glucosamine sulfate, while other formulations or different glucosamine salts (e.g. hydrochloride) have never been shown to be effective. In particular, long-term pivotal trials of crystalline glucosamine sulfate 1500 mg once daily have shown significant and clinically relevant improvement of pain and function limitation (symptom-modifying effect) in knee osteoarthritis. Continuous administration for up to 3 years resulted in significant reduction in the progression of joint structure changes compared with placebo as assessed by measuring radiologic joint space narrowing (structure-modifying effect). The two effects combined may suggest a disease-modifying effect that was postulated based on an observed decrease in the risk of undergoing total joint replacement in the follow up of patients receiving the product for at least 12 months in the pivotal trials. The safety of the drug was good in clinical trials and in the postmarketing surveillance. Crystalline glucosamine sulfate 1500 mg once daily is therefore recommended in the majority of clinical practice guidelines and was found to be cost effective in pharmacoeconomic analyses. Compared with other glucosamine formulations, salts, or dosage forms, the prescription product achieves higher plasma and synovial fluid concentrations that are above the threshold for a pharmacologically relevant effect, and may therefore justify its distinct therapeutic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio C Rovati
- Chief Scientific Officer, Rottapharm
- Madaus, Via Valosa di Sopra, 9, 20900 Monza (MB), Italy
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Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to glucosamine and maintenance of normal joint cartilage pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Five percent oxygen tension is not beneficial for neocartilage formation in scaffold-free cell cultures. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 348:109-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Articular cartilage injury is common after athletic injury and remains a difficult treatment conundrum both for the surgeon and athlete. Although recent treatments for damage to articular cartilage have been successful in alleviating symptoms, more durable and complete, long-term articular surface restoration remains the unattained goal. In this article, we look at both new ways to prevent damage to articular surfaces as well as new techniques to recreate biomechanically sound and biochemically true articular surfaces once an athlete injures this surface. This goal should include reproducing hyaline cartilage with a well-integrated and flexible subchondral base and the normal zonal variability in the articular matrix. RESULTS A number of nonoperative interventions have shown early promise in mitigating cartilage symptoms and in preclinical studies have shown evidence of chondroprotection. These include the use of glucosamine, chondroitin, and other neutraceuticals, viscosupplementation with hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, and pulsed electromagnetic fields. Newer surgical techniques, some already in clinical study, and others on the horizon offer opportunities to improve the surgical restoration of the hyaline matrix often disrupted in athletic injury. These include new scaffolds, single-stage cell techniques, the use of mesenchymal stem cells, and gene therapy. CONCLUSION Although many of these treatments are in the preclinical and early clinical study phase, they offer the promise of better options to mitigate the sequelae of athletically induced cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason Scopp
- Peninsula Orthopedic Associates, Salisbury, MD, USA
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Effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate on Cartilage Metabolism in OA: Outlook on Other Nutrient Partners Especially Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Int J Rheumatol 2011; 2011:969012. [PMID: 21826146 PMCID: PMC3150191 DOI: 10.1155/2011/969012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is characterized by increasing loss of cartilage, remodeling of the periarticular bone, and inflammation of the synovial membrane. Besides the common OA therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the treatment with chondroprotectives, such as glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, collagen hydrolysate, or nutrients, such as antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids is a promising therapeutic approach. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that the targeted administration of selected micronutrients leads to a more effective reduction of OA symptoms, with less adverse events. Their chondroprotective action can be explained by a dual mechanism: (1) as basic components of cartilage and synovial fluid, they stimulate the anabolic process of the cartilage metabolism; (2) their anti-inflammatory action can delay many inflammation-induced catabolic processes in the cartilage. These two mechanisms are able to slow the progression of cartilage destruction and may help to regenerate the joint structure, leading to reduced pain and increased mobility of the affected joint.
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Dodge GR, Regatte RR, Noyszewski EA, Hall JO, Sharma AV, Callaway DA, Reddy R. The Fate of Oral Glucosamine Traced by (13)C Labeling in the Dog. Cartilage 2011; 2:279-85. [PMID: 26069586 PMCID: PMC4300808 DOI: 10.1177/1947603510391780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has remained ambiguous as to whether oral dosing of glucosamine (GlcN) would make its way to the joint and affect changes in the cartilage, particularly the integrity of cartilage and chondrocyte function. The objective of this study was to trace the fate of orally dosed GlcN and determine definitively if GlcN was incorporated into cartilage proteoglycans. DESIGN Two dogs were treated with (13)C-GlcN-HCl by oral dosing (500 mg/dog/d for 2 weeks and 250 mg/dog/d for 3 weeks). Cartilage was harvested from the tibial plateau and femoral condyles along with tissue specimens from the liver, spleen, heart, kidney, skin, skeletal muscle, lung, and costal cartilage. Percentages of (13)C and (13)C-GlcN present in each tissue sample were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. RESULTS In the case of dog 1 (2-week treatment), there was an increase of 2.3% of (13)C present in the articular cartilage compared to the control and an increase of 1.6% of (13)C in dog 2 compared to control. As to be expected, the highest percentage of (13)C in the other tissues tested was found in the liver, and the remaining tissues had percentages of (13)C less than that of articular cartilage. CONCLUSION The results are definitive and for the first time provide conclusive evidence that orally given GlcN can make its way through the digestive tract and be used by chondrocytes in joint cartilage, thereby potentially having an effect on the available GlcN for proteoglycan biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. Dodge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA,McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,George R. Dodge, PhD, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 424 Stemmler Hall, 36th Street and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6081, USA
| | - Ravinder R. Regatte
- MMRRCC, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jeffery O. Hall
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Akella V. Sharma
- MMRRCC, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D. Allen Callaway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- MMRRCC, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Huh JE, Shin YJ, Baek YH, Lee JD, Choi DY, Park DS. Combined prescription (OAH19T) of Aralia cordata Thunb and Cimicifuga heracleifolia Komar and its major compounds inhibit matrix proteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor through the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 135:414-421. [PMID: 21420482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE OAH19T, a new herbal extract from a mixture of Aralia cordata Thunb and Cimicifuga heracleifolia, is traditionally used for the treatment of arthritis in far East Asia. To investigate the chondroprotective effects of OAH19T on osteoarthritis was examined and compared with its major compounds pimaradienoic acid (PA) and ferulic acid (FA) of human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chondrocytes, alone or in the presence of IL-1β, were cultured with or without OAH19T, PA or FA (10, 20, 40 μg/ml). The release of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) was measured by colorimetric assay using 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) reagent from the cultured media. The level of aggrecanases and VEGF was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 analyzed by real time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases was performed by immunoblotting in OA chondrocytes. The proliferation was examined by the BrdU assay. RESULTS OAH19T markedly inhibited the release of proteoglycan and the degradation of aggrecan, in a dose-dependent manner in OA chondrocytes. OAH19T also inhibited the level of aggrecanase-1, aggrecanase-2, MMP-1, MMP-3, and VEGF in OA chondrocytes. PA and FA also inhibited the level of aggrecanase-2, MMP-3 and VEGF, while did not significantly affect the levels of aggrecanase-1, MMP-3 in OA chondrocytes. OAH19T exhibited the down-regulation of p38 MAP kinase unlike PA and FA in OA chondrocytes without cytotoxicity. In addition, p38 inhibitor SB203580 abolished the antiproliferative activity and proteoglycan degradation by OAH19T, while had no effect by PA or FA. CONCLUSION OAH19T have shown the chondroprotective effect by inhibiting cell proliferation, expression of cartilage-specific matrix proteinases and release of VEGF, but bigger than PA or FA, through down-regulation of p38 MAP kinase in human OA chondocyte. These results provide pharmacological basis for use in treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Huh
- Oriental Medicine Research Center for Bone & Joint Disease, Kyung Hee University, 149, Sangil-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 134-727, Republic of Korea
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Identification and quantification of glucosamine in rabbit cartilage and correlation with plasma levels by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 695:77-83. [PMID: 21601033 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A new HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the determination of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose) in rabbit cartilage was developed and optimized. Glucosamine was extracted from cartilage by cryogenic grinding followed by protein precipitation with trichloroacetic acid. The HPLC separation was achieved with a polymer-based amino column using a mobile phase composed of 10mM ammonium acetate (pH 7.5)-acetonitrile (20:80%, v/v) at 0.3 mL min flow rate. d-[1-(13)C]Glucosamine was used as internal standard. Selective detection was performed by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray source, operating in positive ionization mode and in multiple reaction monitoring acquisition (m/z 180→72 and 181→73 for glucosamine and internal standard, respectively). Limit of quantification was 0.045 ng injected, corresponding to 0.25 μg g⁻¹ in cartilage. Linearity was obtained up to 20 μg g⁻¹ (R(2)>0.991). Precision values (%R.S.D.) were <10%. Accuracy (% bias) ranged from -6.0% to 12%. Mean recoveries obtained at 3 concentration levels were higher than 81% (%R.S.D.≤8%). The method was applied to measure glucosamine levels in rabbit cartilage and plasma after single oral administration of glucosamine sulfate at a dose of 98 mg kg⁻¹(n=6). Glucosamine was present in cartilage in physiological condition before the treatment. After dosing, mean concentration of cartilage glucosamine significantly increased from 461 to 1040 ng g⁻¹. Cartilage glucosamine levels resulted to be well correlated with plasma concentrations, which therefore are useful to predict the target cartilage concentration and its pharmacological activity.
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Sumantran VN, Joshi AK, Boddul S, Koppikar SJ, Warude D, Patwardhan B, Chopra A, Chandwaskar R, Wagh UV. Antiarthritic Activity of a Standardized, Multiherbal, Ayurvedic Formulation containing Boswellia serrata
: In Vitro
Studies on Knee Cartilage from Osteoarthritis Patients. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1375-80. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2009] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. N. Sumantran
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - A. K. Joshi
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - S. Boddul
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - S. J. Koppikar
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - D. Warude
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - B. Patwardhan
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences; Pune University; Pune 411007 India
| | - A. Chopra
- Center for Rheumatic Diseases; Camp, Pune 411001 India
| | - R. Chandwaskar
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
| | - U. V. Wagh
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA); Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus; Dhankawadi, Pune 411043 India
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Ytteborg E, Torgersen JS, Pedersen ME, Baeverfjord G, Hannesson KO, Takle H. Remodeling of the notochord during development of vertebral fusions in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Cell Tissue Res 2010; 342:363-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-010-1069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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