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Yan Y, Xing T, Huang X, Peng W, Wang S, Li N. Affinity-Resolved Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry: A Novel Tool to Study the Attribute-and-Function Relationship in Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11716-11724. [PMID: 38986034 PMCID: PMC11270518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Assessment of critical quality attributes (CQAs) is an important aspect during the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Attributes that affect either the target binding or Fc receptor engagement may have direct impacts on the drug safety and efficacy and thus are considered as CQAs. Native size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based competitive binding assay has recently been reported and demonstrated significant benefits compared to conventional approaches for CQA identification, owing to its faster turn-around and higher multiplexity. Expanding on the similar concept, we report the development of a novel affinity-resolved size exclusion chromatography-mass spectrometry (AR-SEC-MS) method for rapid CQA evaluation in therapeutic mAbs. This method features wide applicability, fast turn-around, high multiplexity, and easy implementation. Using the well-studied Fc gamma receptor III-A (FcγRIIIa) and Fc interaction as a model system, the effectiveness of this method in studying the attribute-and-function relationship was demonstrated. Further, two case studies were detailed to showcase the application of this method in assessing CQAs related to antibody target binding, which included unusual N-linked glycosylation in a bispecific antibody and Met oxidation in a monospecific antibody, both occurring within the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetian Yan
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Tao Xing
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Shunhai Wang
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
| | - Ning Li
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591-6707, United States
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2
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Wang R, Guo J, Li G, Wang X, Yang J, Li Q, Zhang G. Identification of the Linear Fc-Binding Site on the Bovine IgG1 Fc Receptor (boFcγRIII) Using Synthetic Peptides. Vet Sci 2024; 11:24. [PMID: 38250930 PMCID: PMC10818675 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The bovine IgG1 Fc receptor (boFcγRIII) is a homologue to human FcγRIII (CD16) that binds bovine IgGI with medium-low affinity. In order to identify the Fc-binding site on the bovine IgG1 Fc receptor (boFcγRIII), peptides derived from the second extracellular domain (EC2) of boFcγRIII were synthesized and conjugated with the carrier protein. With a Dot-blot assay, the ability of the peptides to bind bovine IgG1 was determined, and the IgG1-binding peptide was also identified via truncation and mutation. The minimal peptide AQRVVN corresponding to the sequence 98-103 of boFcγRIII bound bovine IgG1 in Dot-blot, suggesting that it represents a linear ligand-binding site located in the putative A-B loop of the boFcγRIII EC2 domain. Mutation analysis of the peptide showed that the residues of Ala98, Gln99, Val101, Val102 and Asn103 within the Fc-binding site are critical for IgG1 binding on boFcγRIII. The functional peptide identified in this paper is of great value to the IgG-Fc interaction study and FcR-targeting drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (R.W.); (J.G.); (J.Y.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Junqing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (R.W.); (J.G.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ge Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Jifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (R.W.); (J.G.); (J.Y.)
| | - Qingmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (R.W.); (J.G.); (J.Y.)
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (R.W.); (J.G.); (J.Y.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Yonemoto K, Fujii F, Taira R, Ohgidani M, Eguchi K, Okuzono S, Ichimiya Y, Sonoda Y, Chong PF, Goto H, Kanemasa H, Motomura Y, Ishimura M, Koga Y, Tsujimura K, Hashiguchi T, Torisu H, Kira R, Kato TA, Sakai Y, Ohga S. Heterogeneity and mitochondrial vulnerability configurate the divergent immunoreactivity of human induced microglia-like cells. Clin Immunol 2023; 255:109756. [PMID: 37678717 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Microglia play versatile roles in progression of and protection against neuroinflammatory diseases. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms underlying the diverse reactivity of microglia to inflammatory conditions. We investigated how human induced microglia-like (iMG) cells respond to innate immune ligands. Quantitative PCR showed that poly-I:C and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated the expression of IL1B and TNF. Immunoreactivity of iMG did not differ between controls (n = 11) and patients with neuroinflammatory diseases (n = 24). Flow cytometry revealed that CD14high cells expressed interleukin (IL) -1β after LPS treatment. Immunoblotting showed that poly-I:C and LPS differentially activated inflammatory pathways but commonly induced mitochondrial instability and the expression of pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2). Furthermore, a potent stimulator of PKM2 (DASA-58) alleviated IL-1β production after LPS treatment. These data indicate that heterogeneous cell populations and mitochondrial stability underlie the divergent immunoreactivity of human iMG in environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousuke Yonemoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoji Taira
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohgidani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Katsuhide Eguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sayaka Okuzono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Section of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Ichimiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuri Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Pin Fee Chong
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hironori Goto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kanemasa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Motomura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masataka Ishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuhki Koga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Tsujimura
- Group of Brain Function and Development, Neuroscience Institute of the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan; Research Unit for Developmental Disorders, Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Hashiguchi
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Torisu
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kira
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Zhang M, Lam KP, Xu S. Natural Killer Cell Engagers (NKCEs): a new frontier in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207276. [PMID: 37638058 PMCID: PMC10450036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of innate lymphoid cells that play a crucial role in immunity by killing virally infected or tumor cells and secreting cytokines and chemokines. NK cell-mediated immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment due to its safety and effectiveness. NK cell engagers (NKCEs), such as BiKE (bispecific killer cell engager) or TriKE (trispecific killer cell engager), are a novel class of antibody-based therapeutics that exhibit several advantages over other cancer immunotherapies harnessing NK cells. By bridging NK and tumor cells, NKCEs activate NK cells and lead to tumor cell lysis. A growing number of NKCEs are currently undergoing development, with some already in clinical trials. However, there is a need for more comprehensive studies to determine how the molecular design of NKCEs affects their functionality and manufacturability, which are crucial for their development as off-the-shelf drugs for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on NKCE development and discuss critical factors required for the production of effective NKCEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchuan Zhang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Bruserud Ø, Mosevoll KA, Bruserud Ø, Reikvam H, Wendelbo Ø. The Regulation of Neutrophil Migration in Patients with Sepsis: The Complexity of the Molecular Mechanisms and Their Modulation in Sepsis and the Heterogeneity of Sepsis Patients. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071003. [PMID: 37048076 PMCID: PMC10093057 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Common causes include gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi. Neutrophils are among the first cells to arrive at an infection site where they function as important effector cells of the innate immune system and as regulators of the host immune response. The regulation of neutrophil migration is therefore important both for the infection-directed host response and for the development of organ dysfunctions in sepsis. Downregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12 stimulates neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This is followed by transmigration/extravasation across the endothelial cell barrier at the infection site; this process is directed by adhesion molecules and various chemotactic gradients created by chemotactic cytokines, lipid mediators, bacterial peptides, and peptides from damaged cells. These mechanisms of neutrophil migration are modulated by sepsis, leading to reduced neutrophil migration and even reversed migration that contributes to distant organ failure. The sepsis-induced modulation seems to differ between neutrophil subsets. Furthermore, sepsis patients should be regarded as heterogeneous because neutrophil migration will possibly be further modulated by the infecting microorganisms, antimicrobial treatment, patient age/frailty/sex, other diseases (e.g., hematological malignancies and stem cell transplantation), and the metabolic status. The present review describes molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of neutrophil migration; how these mechanisms are altered during sepsis; and how bacteria/fungi, antimicrobial treatment, and aging/frailty/comorbidity influence the regulation of neutrophil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Bruserud
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Knut Anders Mosevoll
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Bruserud
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Wendelbo
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Ulriksdal 10, 5009 Bergen, Norway
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Fall AKDJ, Courtin D, Adamou R, Edslev S, Hansen A, Domingo N, Christiansen M, Adu B, Milet J, Garcia A, Theisen M, Migot-Nabias F, Dechavanne C. Fc Gamma Receptor IIIB NA1/NA2/SH Polymorphisms Are Associated with Malaria Susceptibility and Antibody Levels to P. falciparum Merozoite Antigens in Beninese Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314882. [PMID: 36499205 PMCID: PMC9739279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in the FCGR2A gene encoding R131H FcgRIIA variants and in the FCGR3B gene (108G > C, 114C > T, 194 A > G, 233C > A, 244 G > A and 316G > A) encoding FcgRIIIB-NA1, -NA2 and -SH variants on malaria susceptibility and antibody responses against P. falciparum merozoite antigens in Beninese children. An active malaria follow-up was conducted in infants from birth to 24 months of age in Allada, Benin. FCGR3B exon 3 was sequenced and FCGR2A exon 4 was genotyped. Antibodies directed to GLURP and MSP3 were quantified by ELISA. Association studies were performed using mixed-effect models. Individual carriage of FCGR3B 194 AA genotype was associated with a high number of malaria infections and a low level of IgG1 against MSP3 and GLURP-R0. High parasitemia and increased malaria infections were observed in infants carrying the FCGR3B*05 108C-114T-194A-233C-244A-316A haplotype. A reduced risk of malaria infections and low parasitemia were related to the carriages of the FCGR3B 108C-114T-194G-233C-244G-316A (FCGR3B*06), FCGR3B 108C−114T−194G−233A−244A−316A (FCGR3B*03 encoding for FcgRIIIB-SH) haplotypes and FCGR3B 297 TT genotype. Our results highlight the impact of FCGR3B polymorphisms on the individual susceptibility to malaria and antibody responses against MSP3 and GLURP in Beninese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdou Khadre Dit Jadir Fall
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - David Courtin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou 00229, Benin
| | - Sofie Edslev
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bacteria, Parasites, and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anita Hansen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadia Domingo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou 00229, Benin
| | - Michael Christiansen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bright Adu
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 581, Ghana
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Michael Theisen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Célia Dechavanne
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
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7
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Van Tilbeurgh M, Maisonnasse P, Palgen JL, Tolazzi M, Aldon Y, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Cavarelli M, Beignon AS, Marcos-Lopez E, Gallouet AS, Gilson E, Ozorowski G, Ward AB, Bontjer I, McKay PF, Shattock RJ, Scarlatti G, Sanders RW, Le Grand R. Innate cell markers that predict anti-HIV neutralizing antibody titers in vaccinated macaques. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100751. [PMID: 36167072 PMCID: PMC9588994 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Given the time and resources invested in clinical trials, innovative prediction methods are needed to decrease late-stage failure in vaccine development. We identify combinations of early innate responses that predict neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses induced in HIV-Env SOSIP immunized cynomolgus macaques using various routes of vaccine injection and adjuvants. We analyze blood myeloid cells before and 24 h after each immunization by mass cytometry using a three-step clustering, and we discriminate unique vaccine signatures based on HLA-DR, CD39, CD86, CD11b, CD45, CD64, CD14, CD32, CD11c, CD123, CD4, CD16, and CADM1 surface expression. Various combinations of these markers characterize cell families positively associated with nAb production, whereas CADM1-expressing cells are negatively associated (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that monitoring immune signatures during early vaccine development could assist in identifying biomarkers that predict vaccine immunogenicity. HIV-Env SOSIP trimers induce neutralizing antibodies in cynomolgus macaques Vaccine-induced innate cells changes are characterized using mass cytometry Adjuvant and route of immunization influence early innate signatures in vaccinated NHP Early innate cell signatures predict neutralizing antibody levels
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Van Tilbeurgh
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Pauline Maisonnasse
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jean-Louis Palgen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Monica Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Yoann Aldon
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ernesto Marcos-Lopez
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gallouet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Emmanuel Gilson
- Life & Soft, 28 rue de la Redoute, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ilja Bontjer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul F McKay
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Robin J Shattock
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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8
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Hoffmann J, Etati R, Brendel C, Neubauer A, Mack E. The Low Expression of Fc-Gamma Receptor III (CD16) and High Expression of Fc-Gamma Receptor I (CD64) on Neutrophil Granulocytes Mark Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2010. [PMID: 36010361 PMCID: PMC9407138 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12082010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperinflammation through neutrophil granulocytes contributes to disease severity in COVID-19 pneumonia and promotes acute lung failure. Understanding the mechanisms of the dysregulations within the myeloid cell compartment may help to improve therapies for severe COVID-19 infection. Here, we investigated the immunopathological characteristics of circulating neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes in 16 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia by multiparameter flow cytometry in comparison to 9 patients with pulmonary infiltrates but without COVID-19. We correlated the immunophenotypes with the scores of the severity-of-disease classification system, APACHE-II. We found that the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD15, which is important for the transendothelial migration, was significantly reduced in the patients with COVID-19 (difference ± SD; 295.70 ± 117.50 MFI; p = 0.02). In addition, the granularity was significantly lower in the neutrophil granulocytes of patients with COVID-19 (difference ± SD; 1.11 ± 0.43 side-scatter ratio; p = 0.02). Moreover, the Fc-gamma receptor III (CD16) and Fc-gamma receptor I (CD64) on the neutrophil granulocytes were expressed discordantly with COVID-19 severity. CD16 correlated as inversely proportional (ρ = (-)0.72; 95% CI (-)0.92-(-)0.23; p = 0.01) and CD64 as proportional (ρ = 0.76; 95% CI 0.31-0.93; p = 0.01) with the APACHE-II scores of the patients. We conclude that the deviant expression of the Fc-gamma receptors might play role in a dysregulated antibody-mediated phagocytosis in severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Hoffmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
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9
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Halloran PF, Madill‐Thomsen KS, Pon S, Sikosana MLN, Böhmig GA, Bromberg J, Einecke G, Eskandary F, Gupta G, Hidalgo LG, Myslak M, Viklicky O, Perkowska‐Ptasinska A. Molecular diagnosis of ABMR with or without donor-specific antibody in kidney transplant biopsies: Differences in timing and intensity but similar mechanisms and outcomes. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:1976-1991. [PMID: 35575435 PMCID: PMC9540308 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We studied the clinical, histologic, and molecular features distinguishing DSA-negative from DSA-positive molecularly defined antibody-mediated rejection (mABMR). We analyzed mABMR biopsies with available DSA assessments from the INTERCOMEX study: 148 DSA-negative versus 248 DSA-positive, compared with 864 no rejection (excluding TCMR and Mixed). DSA-positivity varied with mABMR stage: early-stage (EABMR) 56%; fully developed (FABMR) 70%; and late-stage (LABMR) 58%. DSA-negative patients with mABMR were usually sensitized, 60% being HLA antibody-positive. Compared with DSA-positive mABMR, DSA-negative mABMR was more often C4d-negative; earlier by 1.5 years (average 2.4 vs. 3.9 years); and had lower ABMR activity and earlier stage in molecular and histology features. However, the top ABMR-associated transcripts were identical in DSA-negative versus DSA-positive mABMR, for example, NK-associated (e.g., KLRD1 and GZMB) and IFNG-inducible (e.g., PLA1A). Genome-wide class comparison between DSA-negative and DSA-positive mABMR showed no significant differences in transcript expression except those related to lower intensity and earlier time of DSA-negative ABMR. Three-year graft loss in DSA-negative mABMR was the same as DSA-positive mABMR, even after adjusting for ABMR stage. Thus, compared with DSA-positive mABMR, DSA-negative mABMR is on average earlier, less active, and more often C4d-negative but has similar graft loss, and genome-wide analysis suggests that it involves the same mechanisms. SUMMARY SENTENCE: In 398 kidney transplant biopsies with molecular antibody-mediated rejection, the 150 DSA-negative cases are earlier, less intense, and mostly C4d-negative, but use identical molecular mechanisms and have the same risk of graft loss as the 248 DSA-positive cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip F. Halloran
- Alberta Transplant Applied Genomics CentreEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplant ImmunologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Shane Pon
- Alberta Transplant Applied Genomics CentreEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Georg A. Böhmig
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Gunilla Einecke
- Department of NephrologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Farsad Eskandary
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Division of NephrologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Marek Myslak
- Department of Clinical Interventions, Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation SPWSZ HospitalPomeranian Medical UniversitySzczecinPoland
| | - Ondrej Viklicky
- Department of Nephrology and Transplant CenterInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
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10
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Muralidharan A, Wyatt TA, Reid SP. SARS-CoV-2 Dysregulates Neutrophil Degranulation and Reduces Lymphocyte Counts. Biomedicines 2022; 10:382. [PMID: 35203591 PMCID: PMC8962352 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has given rise to one of the largest pandemics, affecting millions worldwide. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios have been identified as an important correlate to poor recovery rates in severe COVID-19 patients. However, the mechanisms underlying this clinical outcome and the reasons for its correlation to poor prognosis are unclear. Furthermore, the mechanisms involved in healthy neutrophils acquiring a SARS-CoV-2-mediated detrimental role are yet to be fully understood. In this study, we isolated circulating neutrophils from healthy donors for treatment with supernates from infected epithelial cells and direct infection with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Infected epithelial cells induced a dysregulated degranulation of primary granules with a decrease in myeloperoxidase (MPO), but slight increase in neutrophil elastase release. Infection of neutrophils resulted in an impairment of both MPO and elastase release, even though CD16 receptor shedding was upregulated. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2-infected neutrophils had a direct effect on peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, with decreasing numbers of CD19+ B cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T cells. Together, this study highlights the independent role of neutrophils in contributing to the aberrant immune responses observed during SARS-CoV-2 infection that may be further dysregulated in the presence of other immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abenaya Muralidharan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA;
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA;
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - St Patrick Reid
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA;
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11
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Madill-Thomsen KS, Böhmig GA, Bromberg J, Einecke G, Eskandary F, Gupta G, Hidalgo LG, Myslak M, Viklicky O, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Halloran PF. Donor-Specific Antibody Is Associated with Increased Expression of Rejection Transcripts in Renal Transplant Biopsies Classified as No Rejection. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2743-2758. [PMID: 34253587 PMCID: PMC8806080 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor -specific HLA antibody (DSA) is present in many kidney transplant patients whose biopsies are classified as no rejection (NR). We explored whether in some NR kidneys DSA has subtle effects not currently being recognized. METHODS We used microarrays to examine the relationship between standard-of-care DSA and rejection-related transcript increases in 1679 kidney transplant indication biopsies in the INTERCOMEX study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01299168), focusing on biopsies classified as NR by automatically assigned archetypal clustering. DSA testing results were available for 835 NR biopsies and were positive in 271 (32%). RESULTS DSA positivity in NR biopsies was associated with mildly increased expression of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR)-related transcripts, particularly IFNG-inducible and NK cell transcripts. We developed a machine learning DSA probability (DSAProb) classifier based on transcript expression in biopsies from DSA-positive versus DSA-negative patients, assigning scores using 10-fold cross-validation. This DSAProb classifier was very similar to a previously described "ABMR probability" classifier trained on histologic ABMR in transcript associations and prediction of molecular or histologic ABMR. Plotting the biopsies using Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection revealed a gradient of increasing molecular ABMR-like transcript expression in NR biopsies, associated with increased DSA (P<2 × 10-16). In biopsies with no molecular or histologic rejection, increased DSAProb or ABMR probability scores were associated with increased risk of kidney failure over 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Many biopsies currently considered to have no molecular or histologic rejection have mild increases in expression of ABMR-related transcripts, associated with increasing frequency of DSA. Thus, mild molecular ABMR-related pathology is more common than previously realized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georg A. Böhmig
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Bromberg
- Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gunilla Einecke
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Farsad Eskandary
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Division of Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Luis G. Hidalgo
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Marek Myslak
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Clinical Interventions and Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Samodzielny Publiczny Wojewodzki Szpital Zespolony, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ondrej Viklicky
- Department of Nephrology and Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Philip F. Halloran
- Alberta Transplant Applied Genomics Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplant Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Mariottoni P, Jiang SW, Prestwood CA, Jain V, Suwanpradid J, Whitley MJ, Coates M, Brown DA, Erdmann D, Corcoran DL, Gregory SG, Jaleel T, Zhang JY, Harris-Tryon TA, MacLeod AS. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Cellular and Transcriptional Changes Associated With M1 Macrophage Polarization in Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:665873. [PMID: 34504848 PMCID: PMC8421606 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.665873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent abscesses, nodules, and sinus tracts in areas of high hair follicle and sweat gland density. These sinus tracts can present with purulent drainage and scar formation. Dysregulation of multiple immune pathways drives the complexity of HS pathogenesis and may account for the heterogeneity of treatment response in HS patients. Using transcriptomic approaches, including single-cell sequencing and protein analysis, we here characterize the innate inflammatory landscape of HS lesions. We identified a shared upregulation of genes involved in interferon (IFN) and antimicrobial defense signaling through transcriptomic overlap analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in datasets from HS skin, diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), and the inflammatory stage of normal healing wounds. Overlap analysis between HS- and DFU-specific DEGs revealed an enrichment of gene signatures associated with monocyte/macrophage functions. Single-cell RNA sequencing further revealed monocytes/macrophages with polarization toward a pro-inflammatory M1-like phenotype and increased effector function, including antiviral immunity, phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Specifically, we identified the STAT1/IFN-signaling axis and the associated IFN-stimulated genes as central players in monocyte/macrophage dysregulation. Our data indicate that monocytes/macrophages are a potential pivotal player in HS pathogenesis and their pathways may serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in HS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mariottoni
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Simon W. Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Courtney A. Prestwood
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jutamas Suwanpradid
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Melodi Javid Whitley
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Margaret Coates
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David A. Brown
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Detlev Erdmann
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David L. Corcoran
- Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Simon G. Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Tarannum Jaleel
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer Y. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Tamia A. Harris-Tryon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Amanda S. MacLeod
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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13
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Bongers SH, Chen N, van Grinsven E, van Staveren S, Hassani M, Spijkerman R, Hesselink L, Lo Tam Loi AT, van Aalst C, Leijte GP, Kox M, Pickkers P, Hietbrink F, Leenen LPH, Koenderman L, Vrisekoop N. Kinetics of Neutrophil Subsets in Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674079. [PMID: 34248955 PMCID: PMC8265311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
At homeostasis the vast majority of neutrophils in the circulation expresses CD16 and CD62L within a narrow expression range, but this quickly changes in disease. Little is known regarding the changes in kinetics of neutrophils phenotypes in inflammatory conditions. During acute inflammation more heterogeneity was found, characterized by an increase in CD16dim banded neutrophils. These cells were probably released from the bone marrow (left shift). Acute inflammation induced by human experimental endotoxemia (LPS model) was additionally accompanied by an immediate increase in a CD62Llow neutrophil population, which was not as explicit after injury/trauma induced acute inflammation. The situation in sub-acute inflammation was more complex. CD62Llow neutrophils appeared in the peripheral blood several days (>3 days) after trauma with a peak after 10 days. A similar situation was found in the blood of COVID-19 patients returning from the ICU. Sorted CD16low and CD62Llow subsets from trauma and COVID-19 patients displayed the same nuclear characteristics as found after experimental endotoxemia. In diseases associated with chronic inflammation (stable COPD and treatment naive HIV) no increases in CD16low or CD62Llow neutrophils were found in the peripheral blood. All neutrophil subsets were present in the bone marrow during homeostasis. After LPS rechallenge, these subsets failed to appear in the circulation, but continued to be present in the bone marrow, suggesting the absence of recruitment signals. Because the subsets were reported to have different functionalities, these results on the kinetics of neutrophil subsets in a range of inflammatory conditions contribute to our understanding on the role of neutrophils in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne H Bongers
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Na Chen
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Erinke van Grinsven
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Selma van Staveren
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marwan Hassani
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roy Spijkerman
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lilian Hesselink
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Adèle T Lo Tam Loi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Corneli van Aalst
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Guus P Leijte
- Department of Intensive Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Falco Hietbrink
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Luke P H Leenen
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Leo Koenderman
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nienke Vrisekoop
- Center for Translational Immunology (CTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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14
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Lee SJ, Yoon BR, Kim HY, Yoo SJ, Kang SW, Lee WW. Activated Platelets Convert CD14 +CD16 - Into CD14 +CD16 + Monocytes With Enhanced FcγR-Mediated Phagocytosis and Skewed M2 Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 11:611133. [PMID: 33488616 PMCID: PMC7817612 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.611133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are important cellular effectors of innate immune defense. Human monocytes are heterogeneous and can be classified into three distinct subsets based on CD14 and CD16 expression. The expansion of intermediate CD14+CD16+ monocytes has been reported in chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism underlying induction of CD16 and its role in monocytes remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that activated platelets are important for induction of CD16 on classical CD14+CD16- monocytes by soluble factors such as cytokines. Cytokine neutralization and signaling inhibition assays reveal that sequential involvement of platelet-derived TGF-β and monocyte-derived IL-6 contribute to CD16 induction on CD14+CD16- monocytes. Activated platelet-induced CD16 on monocytes participates in antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and its level is positively correlated with phagocytic activity. CD14+CD16- monocytes treated with activated platelets preferentially differentiate into M2 macrophages, likely the M2c subset expressing CD163 and MerTK. Lastly, the amount of sCD62P, a marker of activated platelets, is significantly elevated in plasma of RA patients and positively correlates with clinical parameters of RA. Our findings suggest an important role of activated platelets in modulating phenotypical and functional features of human monocytes. This knowledge increases understanding of the immunological role of CD14+CD16+ cells in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Ruem Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Jin Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seong Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea.,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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van Gool MMJ, van Egmond M. IgA and FcαRI: Versatile Players in Homeostasis, Infection, and Autoimmunity. Immunotargets Ther 2021; 9:351-372. [PMID: 33447585 PMCID: PMC7801909 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s266242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces constitute the frontiers of the body and are the biggest barriers of our body for the outside world. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody class present at these sites. It passively contributes to mucosal homeostasis via immune exclusion maintaining a tight balance between tolerating commensals and providing protection against pathogens. Once pathogens have succeeded in invading the epithelial barriers, IgA has an active role in host-pathogen defense by activating myeloid cells through divers receptors, including its Fc receptor, FcαRI (CD89). To evade elimination, several pathogens secrete proteins that interfere with either IgA neutralization or FcαRI-mediated immune responses, emphasizing the importance of IgA-FcαRI interactions in preventing infection. Depending on the IgA form, either anti- or pro-inflammatory responses can be induced. Moreover, the presence of excessive IgA immune complexes can result in continuous FcαRI-mediated activation of myeloid cells, potentially leading to severe tissue damage. On the one hand, enhancing pathogen-specific mucosal and systemic IgA by vaccination may increase protective immunity against infectious diseases. On the other hand, interfering with the IgA-FcαRI axis by monovalent targeting or blocking FcαRI may resolve IgA-induced inflammation and tissue damage. This review describes the multifaceted role of FcαRI as immune regulator between anti- and pro-inflammatory responses of IgA, and addresses potential novel therapeutic strategies that target FcαRI in disease. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/xlijXy5W0xA
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Maria Johanna van Gool
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Linher-Melville K, Shah A, Singh G. Sex differences in neuro(auto)immunity and chronic sciatic nerve pain. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:62. [PMID: 33183347 PMCID: PMC7661171 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain occurs with greater frequency in women, with a parallel sexually dimorphic trend reported in sufferers of many autoimmune diseases. There is a need to continue examining neuro-immune-endocrine crosstalk in the context of sexual dimorphisms in chronic pain. Several phenomena in particular need to be further explored. In patients, autoantibodies to neural antigens have been associated with sensory pathway hyper-excitability, and the role of self-antigens released by damaged nerves remains to be defined. In addition, specific immune cells release pro-nociceptive cytokines that directly influence neural firing, while T lymphocytes activated by specific antigens secrete factors that either support nerve repair or exacerbate the damage. Modulating specific immune cell populations could therefore be a means to promote nerve recovery, with sex-specific outcomes. Understanding biological sex differences that maintain, or fail to maintain, neuroimmune homeostasis may inform the selection of sex-specific treatment regimens, improving chronic pain management by rebalancing neuroimmune feedback. Given the significance of interactions between nerves and immune cells in the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain, this review focuses on sex differences and possible links with persistent autoimmune activity using sciatica as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Linher-Melville
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anita Shah
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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17
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Huot S, Laflamme C, Fortin PR, Boilard E, Pouliot M. IgG-aggregates rapidly upregulate FcgRI expression at the surface of human neutrophils in a FcgRII-dependent fashion: A crucial role for FcgRI in the generation of reactive oxygen species. FASEB J 2020; 34:15208-15221. [PMID: 32946139 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001085r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune complexes are an important feature of several autoimmune diseases such as lupus, as they contribute to tissue damage through the activation of immune cells. Neutrophils, key players in lupus, interact with immune complexes through Fc gamma receptors (FcgR). Incubation of neutrophils with aggregated-IgGs caused degranulation and increased the surface expression of FcgRI within minutes in a concentration-dependent fashion. After 30 minutes, IgG aggregates (1 mg/mL) upregulated FcgRI by 4.95 ± 0.45-fold. FcgRI-positive neutrophils reached 67.24% ± 6.88% on HA-IgGs stimulated neutrophils, from 3.12% ± 1.62% in non-stimulated cells, ranking IgG-aggregates among the most potent known agonists. FcgRIIa, and possibly FcgRIIIa, appeared to mediate this upregulation. Also, FcgRI-dependent signaling proved necessary for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to IgG-aggregates. Finally, combinations of bacterial materials with aggregates dramatically boosted ROS production. This work suggests FcgRI as an essential component in the response of human neutrophils to immune complexes leading to the production of ROS, which may help explain how neutrophils contribute to tissue damage associated with immune complex-associated diseases, such as lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Huot
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Cynthia Laflamme
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Division de Rhumatologie, Département de Médecine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Pouliot
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
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18
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Sievers NM, Dörrie J, Schaft N. CARs: Beyond T Cells and T Cell-Derived Signaling Domains. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3525. [PMID: 32429316 PMCID: PMC7279007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When optimizing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy in terms of efficacy, safety, and broadening its application to new malignancies, there are two main clusters of topics to be addressed: the CAR design and the choice of transfected cells. The former focuses on the CAR construct itself. The utilized transmembrane and intracellular domains determine the signaling pathways induced by antigen binding and thereby the cell-specific effector functions triggered. The main part of this review summarizes our understanding of common signaling domains employed in CARs, their interactions among another, and their effects on different cell types. It will, moreover, highlight several less common extracellular and intracellular domains that might permit unique new opportunities. Different antibody-based extracellular antigen-binding domains have been pursued and optimized to strike a balance between specificity, affinity, and toxicity, but these have been reviewed elsewhere. The second cluster of topics is about the cellular vessels expressing the CAR. It is essential to understand the specific attributes of each cell type influencing anti-tumor efficacy, persistence, and safety, and how CAR cells crosstalk with each other and bystander cells. The first part of this review focuses on the progress achieved in adopting different leukocytes for CAR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico M. Sievers
- Department of Dermatology, Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstraße 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (N.M.S.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Östliche Stadtmauerstraße 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstraße 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (N.M.S.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Östliche Stadtmauerstraße 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Schaft
- Department of Dermatology, Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstraße 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (N.M.S.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Östliche Stadtmauerstraße 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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19
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Kurkcuoglu Z, Bonvin AMJJ. Pre- and post-docking sampling of conformational changes using ClustENM and HADDOCK for protein-protein and protein-DNA systems. Proteins 2019; 88:292-306. [PMID: 31441121 PMCID: PMC6973081 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating the dynamic nature of biomolecules in the modeling of their complexes is a challenge, especially when the extent and direction of the conformational changes taking place upon binding is unknown. Estimating whether the binding of a biomolecule to its partner(s) occurs in a conformational state accessible to its unbound form (“conformational selection”) and/or the binding process induces conformational changes (“induced‐fit”) is another challenge. We propose here a method combining conformational sampling using ClustENM—an elastic network‐based modeling procedure—with docking using HADDOCK, in a framework that incorporates conformational selection and induced‐fit effects upon binding. The extent of the applied deformation is estimated from its energetical costs, inspired from mechanical tensile testing on materials. We applied our pre‐ and post‐docking sampling of conformational changes to the flexible multidomain protein‐protein docking benchmark and a subset of the protein‐DNA docking benchmark. Our ClustENM‐HADDOCK approach produced acceptable to medium quality models in 7/11 and 5/6 cases for the protein‐protein and protein‐DNA complexes, respectively. The conformational selection (sampling prior to docking) has the highest impact on the quality of the docked models for the protein‐protein complexes. The induced‐fit stage of the pipeline (post‐sampling), however, improved the quality of the final models for the protein‐DNA complexes. Compared to previously described strategies to handle conformational changes, ClustENM‐HADDOCK performs better than two‐body docking in protein‐protein cases but worse than a flexible multidomain docking approach. However, it does show a better or similar performance compared to previous protein‐DNA docking approaches, which makes it a suitable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Kurkcuoglu
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre M J J Bonvin
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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20
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Yogo R, Yamaguchi Y, Watanabe H, Yagi H, Satoh T, Nakanishi M, Onitsuka M, Omasa T, Shimada M, Maruno T, Torisu T, Watanabe S, Higo D, Uchihashi T, Yanaka S, Uchiyama S, Kato K. The Fab portion of immunoglobulin G contributes to its binding to Fcγ receptor III. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11957. [PMID: 31420591 PMCID: PMC6697678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cells active in the immune system express receptors for antibodies which mediate a variety of defensive mechanisms. These receptors interact with the Fc portion of the antibody and are therefore collectively called Fc receptors. Here, using high-speed atomic force microscopy, we observe interactions of human, humanized, and mouse/human-chimeric immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibodies and their cognate Fc receptor, FcγRIIIa. Our results demonstrate that not only Fc but also Fab positively contributes to the interaction with the receptor. Furthermore, hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometric analysis reveals that the Fab portion of IgG1 is directly involved in its interaction with FcγRIIIa, in addition to the canonical Fc-mediated interaction. By targeting the previously unidentified receptor-interaction sites in IgG-Fab, our findings could inspire therapeutic antibody engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Yogo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Watanabe
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tadashi Satoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Central 5, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Onitsuka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Minamijosanjima-cho 2-1, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omasa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mari Shimada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maruno
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shio Watanabe
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 3-9 Moriya-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 221-0022, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 3-9 Moriya-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 221-0022, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Saeko Yanaka
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Koichi Kato
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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21
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Mody CH, Ogbomo H, Xiang RF, Kyei SK, Feehan D, Islam A, Li SS. Microbial killing by NK cells. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:1285-1296. [PMID: 30821868 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0718-298r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now evident that NK cells kill bacteria, fungi, and parasites in addition to tumor and virus-infected cells. In addition to a number of recent publications that have identified the receptors and ligands, and mechanisms of cytotoxicity, new insights are reflected in the reports from researchers all over the world at the 17th Meeting of the Society for Natural Immunity held in San Antonio, TX, USA from May 28 through June 1, 2018. We will provide an overview of the field and discuss how the presentations at the meeting might shape our knowledge and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Mody
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Henry Ogbomo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard F Xiang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen K Kyei
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Feehan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anowara Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shu Shun Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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22
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Arcà B, Colantoni A, Fiorillo C, Severini F, Benes V, Di Luca M, Calogero RA, Lombardo F. MicroRNAs from saliva of anopheline mosquitoes mimic human endogenous miRNAs and may contribute to vector-host-pathogen interactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2955. [PMID: 30814633 PMCID: PMC6393464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During blood feeding haematophagous arthropods inject into their hosts a cocktail of salivary proteins whose main role is to counteract host haemostasis, inflammation and immunity. However, animal body fluids are known to also carry miRNAs. To get insights into saliva and salivary gland miRNA repertoires of the African malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii we used small RNA-Seq and identified 214 miRNAs, including tissue-enriched, sex-biased and putative novel anopheline miRNAs. Noteworthy, miRNAs were asymmetrically distributed between saliva and salivary glands, suggesting that selected miRNAs may be preferentially directed toward mosquito saliva. The evolutionary conservation of a subset of saliva miRNAs in Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes, and in the tick Ixodes ricinus, supports the idea of a non-random occurrence pointing to their possible physiological role in blood feeding by arthropods. Strikingly, eleven of the most abundant An. coluzzi saliva miRNAs mimicked human miRNAs. Prediction analysis and search for experimentally validated targets indicated that miRNAs from An. coluzzii saliva may act on host mRNAs involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Overall, this study raises the intriguing hypothesis that miRNAs injected into vertebrates with vector saliva may contribute to host manipulation with possible implication for vector-host interaction and pathogen transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Arcà
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Colantoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Sapienza University", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Fiorillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Severini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Di Luca
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele A Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Lombardo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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23
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Ashoor DN, Ben Khalaf N, Bourguiba-Hachemi S, Marzouq MH, Fathallah MD. Engineering of the upper hinge region of human IgG1 Fc enhances the binding affinity to FcγIIIa (CD16a) receptor isoform. Protein Eng Des Sel 2019; 31:205-212. [PMID: 30299461 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzy019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between antibodies and Immune cells surface FcγRIIIa (CD16a) receptor triggers a variety of immune responses including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody neutralization, phagocytosis, inflammation and tissue injury. Recent studies showed that IgG1 upper hinge region and FcγRs polymorphism play a major role in the interaction with Fcγ receptors and in the stability of the immune complex hence, in mounting strong inflammatory response. To further investigate this issue, we developed a tool box of IgG1 Fc isoforms to depict the affinity between mutated IgG1 Fc regions and extracellular domain variants (V158F) of CD16a. Our strategy consisted of designing different random upper-hinge mutated variants of IgG1 Fc domain, reproducing the naturally occurring two variants of CD16a and producing all of them as recombinant fusion proteins in Pichia Pastoris. The interactions were assayed using the Surface Plasmon Resonance (Biacore) method along with an in silico analysis to identify the major interaction and key residues that underline the affinity between the Fc region and CD16a variants. Our data showed that the affinity of the Fc region to the CD16a is strongly correlated to polar interactions. This molecular engineering approach yielded an IgG1Fc mutant with enhanced binding affinity to CD16a F158 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana N Ashoor
- Health Biotechnology Program, Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Health Biotechnology Program, Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sonia Bourguiba-Hachemi
- Health Biotechnology Program, Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Maryam H Marzouq
- Health Biotechnology Program, Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - M Dahmani Fathallah
- Health Biotechnology Program, Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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24
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Shi L, Liu T, Gross ML, Huang Y. Recognition of Human IgG1 by Fcγ Receptors: Structural Insights from Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange and Fast Photochemical Oxidation of Proteins Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1074-1080. [PMID: 30666863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is an effector function of immunoglobulins (IgGs) involved in the killing of target cells by a cytotoxic effector cell. Recognition of IgG by Fc receptors expressed on natural killer cells, mostly FcγIII receptors (FcγRIII), underpins the ADCC mechanism, thus motivating investigations of these interactions. In this paper, we describe the combination of hydrogen-deuterium exchange and fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) coupled with mass spectrometry to study the interactions of the human IgG1/FcγRIII complex. Using these orthogonal approaches, we identified critical peptide regions and residues involved in the recognition of IgG1 by FcγRIII. The footprinting results are consistent with the previously published crystal structure of the IgG1 Fc/FcγRIII complex. Additionally, our FPOP results reveal the conformational changes in the Fab domain upon binding of the Fc domain to FcγRIII. These data demonstrate the value of footprinting as part of a comprehensive toolbox for identifying the changes in the higher-order structure of therapeutic antibodies in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Shi
- Department of Chemistry , Washington University in St. Louis , Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive , St. Louis , Missouri 63130 , United States
| | - Tun Liu
- Bioproduct Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry , Washington University in St. Louis , Campus Box 1134, One Brookings Drive , St. Louis , Missouri 63130 , United States
| | - Yining Huang
- Bioproduct Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
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25
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Lu J, Mold C, Du Clos TW, Sun PD. Pentraxins and Fc Receptor-Mediated Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2607. [PMID: 30483265 PMCID: PMC6243083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins. These proteins are highly conserved over the course of evolution being present as far back as 250 million years ago. Mammalian pentraxins are characterized by the presence of five identical non-covalently linked subunits. Each subunit has a structurally conserved site for calcium-dependent ligand binding. The biological activities of the pentraxins established over many years include the ability to mediate opsonization for phagocytosis and complement activation. Pentraxins have an important role in protection from infection from pathogenic bacteria, and regulation of the inflammatory response. It was recognized early on that some of these functions are mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway through C1q. However, experimental evidence suggested that cellular receptors for pentraxins also play a role in phagocytosis. More recent experimental evidence indicates a direct link between pentraxins and Fc receptors. The Fc receptors were first identified as the major receptors for immunoglobulins. The avidity of the interaction between IgG complexes and Fc receptors is greatly enhanced when multivalent ligands interact with the IgG binding sites and activation of signaling pathways requires Fc receptor crosslinking. Human pentraxins bind and activate human and mouse IgG receptors, FcγRI and FcγRII, and the human IgA receptor, FcαRI. The affinities of the interactions between Fc receptors and pentraxins in solution and on cell surfaces are similar to antibody binding to low affinity Fc receptors. Crystallographic and mutagenesis studies have defined the structural features of these interactions and determined the stoichiometry of binding as one-to-one. Pentraxin aggregation or binding to multivalent ligands increases the avidity of binding and results in activation of these receptors for phagocytosis and cytokine synthesis. This review will discuss the structural and functional characteristics of pentraxin Fc receptor interactions and their implications for host defense and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Lu
- Structural Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Carolyn Mold
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - Peter D Sun
- Structural Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
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26
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Yogo R, Yanaka S, Kato K. Backbone 1H, 13C, and 15N assignments of the extracellular region of human Fcγ receptor IIIb. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2018; 12:201-204. [PMID: 29453714 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-018-9809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fcγ receptor (FcγR) promotes various immune responses through interactions with the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG). FcγRIIIb is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked protein expressed on neutrophils and triggers degranulation and opsonic phagocytosis. The extracellular region of FcγR is composed of two Ig-fold domains and can be cleaved as a soluble form (sFcγRIIIb), which is also reactive with complement receptor type 3. Although structure and Fc interaction of sFcγRIIIb have been characterized by X-ray crystallography, little has been known about its structure in solution. We herein report the backbone NMR assignments of human sFcγRIIIb to gain basic understanding of functional IgG-FcγRIII interactions of immunological and biopharmaceutical interest regarding the structural investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Yogo
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Saeko Yanaka
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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27
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Yagi H, Takakura D, Roumenina LT, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C, Kawasaki N, Kato K. Site-specific N-glycosylation analysis of soluble Fcγ receptor IIIb in human serum. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2719. [PMID: 29426894 PMCID: PMC5807427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fc-receptors for immunoglobulin G (FcγRs) mediate a variety of effector and regulatory mechanisms in the immune system. N-glycosylation of FcγRs critically affects their functions which is well exemplified by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and phagocytosis mediated by homologous FcγRIIIa and FcγRIIIb, respectively. Although several reports describe N-glycosylation profiles of recombinant FcγRIII glycoproteins, much remains unknown regarding their native glycoforms. Here we performed site-specific N-glycosylation profiling of a soluble form of FcγRIIIb purified from human serum based on mass spectrometric analysis. Our data indicate a distinct and common tendency of the glycoforms exhibited at each N-glycosylation site between the native and the previously reported recombinant FcγRIII glycoproteins. Among the six N-glycosylation sites of serum soluble FcγRIIIb, Asn45 was shown to be exclusively occupied by high-mannose-type oligosaccharides, whereas the remaining sites were solely modified by the complex-type oligosaccharides with sialic acid and fucose residues. The results of our endogenous FcγRIII glycoform analyses are important for the optimization of therapeutic antibody efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Yagi
- Faculty and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takakura
- Department of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Suehiro-cho 1-7-29, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.,Center for Integrated Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Lubka T Roumenina
- UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 15, rue de l'Ecole-de-Médecine, 75270, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 15, rue de l'Ecole-de-Médecine, 75270, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- UMRS1138, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 15, rue de l'Ecole-de-Médecine, 75270, Paris, France
| | - Nana Kawasaki
- Department of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Suehiro-cho 1-7-29, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Koichi Kato
- Faculty and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan. .,Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
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Geuijen KPM, Egging DF, Bartels S, Schouten J, Schasfoort RB, Eppink MH. Characterization of low affinity Fcγ receptor biotinylation under controlled reaction conditions by mass spectrometry and ligand binding analysis. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1841-52. [PMID: 27479529 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemical protein biotinylation and streptavidin or anti-biotin-based capture is regularly used for proteins as a more controlled alternative to direct coupling of the protein on a biosensor surface. On biotinylation an interaction site of interest may be blocked by the biotin groups, diminishing apparent activity of the protein. Minimal biotinylation can circumvent the loss of apparent activity, but still a binding site of interest can be blocked when labeling an amino acid involved in the binding. Here, we describe reaction condition optimization studies for minimal labeling. We have chosen low affinity Fcγ receptors as model compounds as these proteins contain many lysines in their active binding site and as such provide an interesting system for a minimal labeling approach. We were able to identify the most critical parameters (protein:biotin ratio and incubation pH) for a minimal labeling approach in which the proteins of choice remain most active toward analyte binding. Localization of biotinylation by mass spectrometric peptide mapping on minimally labeled material was correlated to protein activity in binding assays. We show that only aiming at minimal labeling is not sufficient to maintain an active protein. Careful fine-tuning of critical parameters is important to reduce biotinylation in a protein binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin P M Geuijen
- Downstream Processing, Synthon Biopharmaceuticals, BV, 6503, GN Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - David F Egging
- Preclinical Department, Synthon Biopharmaceuticals, BV, 6503, GN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Bartels
- Upstream Processing, Synthon Biopharmaceuticals, BV, 6503, GN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Schouten
- Upstream Processing, Synthon Biopharmaceuticals, BV, 6503, GN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard B Schasfoort
- Medical Cell Biophysics group, MIRA institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Michel H Eppink
- Downstream Processing, Synthon Biopharmaceuticals, BV, 6503, GN Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Owen RL, Sherrell DA. Radiation damage and derivatization in macromolecular crystallography: a structure factor's perspective. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2016; 72:388-94. [PMID: 26960125 PMCID: PMC4784669 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798315021555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During, or even after, data collection the presence and effects of radiation damage in macromolecular crystallography may not always be immediately obvious. Despite this, radiation damage is almost always present, with site-specific damage occurring on very short time (dose) scales well before global damage becomes apparent. A result of both site-specific radiation damage and derivatization is a change in the relative intensity of reflections. The size and approximate rate of onset of X-ray-induced transformations is compared with the changes expected from derivatization, and strategies for minimizing radiation damage are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L. Owen
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, England
| | - Darren A. Sherrell
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, England
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30
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Production, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Well-Defined IgG1 Fc Glycoforms as a Model System for Biosimilarity Analysis. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:559-574. [PMID: 26869419 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Four different well-defined IgG1 Fc glycoforms are proposed as a model system to examine important biological and physicochemical features for protein drug biosimilar analyses. The IgG1 Fc glycoforms were produced by yeast expression combined with in vitro enzymatic synthesis as a series of sequentially truncated high-mannose IgG1 Fc glycoforms with an anticipated range of biological activity and structural stability. Initial characterization with mass spectrometry, SDS-PAGE, size exclusion HPLC, and capillary isoelectric focusing confirmed that the glycoproteins are overall highly similar with the only major difference being glycosylation state. Binding to the activating Fc receptor, FcγRIIIa was used to evaluate the potential biological activity of the IgG1 Fc glycoproteins. Two complementary methods using biolayer interferometry, 1 with protein G-immobilized IgG1 Fc and the other with streptavidin-immobilized FcγRIIIa, were developed to assess FcγRIIIa affinity in kinetic binding studies. The high-mannose IgG1 Fc and Man5-IgG1 Fc glycoforms were highly similar to one another with high affinity for FcγRIIIa, whereas GlcNAc-Fc had weak affinity, and the nonglycosylated N297Q-Fc had no measurable affinity for FcγRIIIa. These 4 IgG1 Fc glycoforms were also evaluated in terms of physical and chemical stability profiles and then used as a model system to mathematically assess overall biosimilarity, as described in a series of companion articles.
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31
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Caaveiro JMM, Kiyoshi M, Tsumoto K. Structural analysis of Fc/FcγR complexes: a blueprint for antibody design. Immunol Rev 2015; 268:201-21. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. M. Caaveiro
- Department of Bioengineering; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masato Kiyoshi
- Department of Bioengineering; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals; National Institute of Health Sciences; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Bioengineering; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Institute of Medical Science; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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32
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Zhan PL, Chung JD. Challenges with afucosylation content in antibody-based drugs: Guidance provided by mathematical modeling. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:775-82. [PMID: 25644335 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The theory of competitive ligand-receptor binding has been used to analyze the effect of afucosylation-based antibody heterogeneity on Fc-FcγRIIIa ligand-receptor binding activity. In vitro activity is found to represent a linear combination of the component antibody activities, weighted by the relative concentrations of the different afucosylated antibody forms. An analysis of ELISA binding activity data has allowed for the dissection of the activity contributions of the different afucosylated antibodies, revealing that the heterogeneous afucosylated antibody exhibits greater activity, on a per mole basis, when compared to the homogeneous afucosylated antibody. The ratio of the afucosylated antibody equilibrium dissociation constants is computed to be KAF /KA ≈ 0.6-0.9, where KAF and KA denote the dissociation equilibrium constant of the heterogeneous and the homogeneous afucosylated antibodies, respectively. Our analysis also reveals that, in general, activity scales quadratically with the afucosylated glycan content of a sample. Linear activity-afucosylated glycan fraction correlations reported in the literature are shown to represent specific cases of this general scaling and result from oversimplifying the underlying antibody concentration distributions. The implications of our findings for drug development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Zhan
- Dept. of Molecular Biochemistry & Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - John D Chung
- Chung Bioengineering Consulting and Mendocino College, Ukiah, CA
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Corrales-Aguilar E, Hoffmann K, Hengel H. CMV-encoded Fcγ receptors: modulators at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. Semin Immunopathol 2014; 36:627-40. [PMID: 25288477 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-014-0448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The constant region of IgG antibodies mediates antiviral activities upon engaging host Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) expressed by a variety of immune cells, such as antibody-dependent cellullar cytotoxcity (ADCC) executed by natural killer (NK)cells. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is unique among viruses by encoding also an array of several Fcγ-binding glycoproteins with cell surface disposition and concomitant incorporation into the virion. Evidence is increasing that the virus-encoded Fcγ receptors differ in their Fcγ binding mode but effectively operate as adversaries of host FcγRs since they are able to prevent IgG-mediated triggering of activating host FcγRs, i.e., FcγRI, FcγRIIA, and FcγRIIIA. Here we discuss virus-encoded FcγRs as the first known HCMV inhibitors of IgG-mediated immunity which could account for the limited efficacy of HCMV hyperimmune globulin in clinical settings. A better understanding of their molecular mode of action opens up new perspectives for improving IgG therapies against HCMV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar
- Virology-CIET, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
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34
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Dong C, Ptacek TS, Redden DT, Zhang K, Brown EE, Edberg JC, McGwin G, Alarcón GS, Ramsey-Goldman R, Reveille JD, Vilá LM, Petri M, Qin A, Wu J, Kimberly RP. Fcγ receptor IIIa single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes affect human IgG binding and are associated with lupus nephritis in African Americans. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:1291-9. [PMID: 24782186 DOI: 10.1002/art.38337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the Fcγ receptor IIIa-66L/R/H (FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H) polymorphism influences net effective receptor function and to assess if the FCGR3A combined genotypes formed by FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H and FcγRIIIa-176F/V, as well as copy number variation (CNV), confer risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis. METHODS FcγRIIIa variants, expressed on A20 IIA1.6 cells, were used in flow cytometry-based human IgG-binding assays. Using Pyrosequencing methodology, FCGR3A single-nucleotide polymorphism and CNV genotypes were determined in a cohort of 1,728 SLE patients and 2,404 healthy controls. RESULTS The FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H (rs10127939) polymorphism influenced ligand binding capacity in the presence of the FcγRIIIa-176V (rs396991) allele. There was a trend toward an association of the low-binding FcγRIIIa-176F allele with lupus nephritis among African Americans (P = 0.0609) but not among European Americans (P > 0.10). Nephritis among African American patients with SLE was associated with FcγRIIIa low-binding haplotypes containing the 66L/R/H and 176F variants (P = 0.03) and with low-binding genotype combinations (P = 0.002). No association was observed among European American patients with SLE. The distribution of FCGR3A CNV was not significantly different among controls and SLE patients with or without nephritis. CONCLUSION FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H influences ligand binding. The low-binding haplotypes formed by 66L/R/H and 176F confer enhanced risk of lupus nephritis in African Americans. FCGR3A CNVs are not associated with SLE or lupus nephritis in either African Americans or European Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoling Dong
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; University of Alabama at, Birmingham
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Abstract
Pentraxins are innate pattern recognition molecules whose major function is to bind microbial pathogens or cellular debris during infection and inflammation and, by doing so, contribute to the clearance of necrotic cells as well as pathogens through complement activations. Fc receptors are the cellular mediators of antibody functions. Although conceptually separated, both pentraxins and antibodies are important factors in controlling acute and chronic inflammation and infections. In recent years, increasing experimental evidence suggests a direct link between the innate pentraxins and humoral Fc receptors. Specifically, both human and mouse pentraxins recognize major forms of Fc receptors in solution and on cell surfaces with affinities similar to antibodies binding to their low affinity Fc receptors. Like immune complex, pentraxin aggregation and opsonization of pathogen result in Fc receptor and macrophage activation. The recently published crystal structure of human serum amyloid P (SAP) in complex with FcγRIIA further illustrated similarities to antibody recognition. These recent findings implicate a much broader role than complement activation for pentraxins in immunity. This review summarizes the structural and functional work that bridge the innate pentraxins and the adaptive Fc receptor functions. In many ways, pentraxins can be regarded as innate antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Lu
- Structural Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kristopher D. Marjon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Carolyn Mold
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Terry W. Du Clos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Peter D. Sun
- Structural Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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36
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Xi J, Zhang GP, Qiao SL, Guo JQ, Wang XN, Yang YY, Zhang LN, Miao XW, Zhao D, Zhi YB, Cai SJ, Luo J, Deng RG. Increased survival and reduced renal injury in MRL/lpr mice treated with a human Fcγ receptor II (CD32) peptide. Immunology 2012; 136:46-53. [PMID: 22236212 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease affecting many organs. The deposition in kidney tissue of immune complexes and their interaction with macrophages is thought to trigger the inflammatory response leading to glomerulonephritis. It has been demonstrated that inhibition of this interaction in murine models can alleviate the disease. Six synthetic peptides were derived from the membrane-proximal extracellular domain (EC2) of human Fcγ receptor II (huFcγRII). Of these, one peptide, huRII6, was shown to be a potent competitive inhibitor of IgG binding to recombinant FcγRII in vitro. To examine the possible therapeutic impact of huRII6 in vivo, this peptide, or a control, was given by subcutaneous injection to female MRL/lpr mice from weeks 7 to 36, resulting in an enhanced survival rate compared with control-treated animals and a reduction of proteinuria. Histopathological examination of the kidneys showed a reduction in deposition of immune complexes and preservation of structure. Such a functional peptide should prove useful for examining the role of IgG-FcγR interactions in experimental models of disease and may provide for the development of FcR-targeting drugs to treat autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China.
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37
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Porcine Fc gamma RIIb sub-isoforms are generated by alternative splicing. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 145:386-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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The human immunoglobulin A Fc receptor FcαRI: a multifaceted regulator of mucosal immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2011; 4:612-24. [PMID: 21937986 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2011.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is commonly recognized as the most prevalent antibody (Ab) at mucosal sites with an important role in defense by shielding mucosal surfaces from invasion by pathogens. However, its potential to both actively dampen excessive immune responses or to initiate potent proinflammatory cellular processes is less well known. Interestingly, either functional outcome is mediated through interaction with the myeloid IgA Fc receptor FcαRI (CD89). Monomeric interaction of IgA with FcαRI triggers inhibitory signals that block activation via other receptors, whereas multimeric FcαRI crosslinking induces phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, antigen presentation, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and cytokine release. Thus, FcαRI acts as a regulator between anti- and proinflammatory responses of IgA. As such, the biology of FcαRI, and its multifaceted role in immunity will be the focus of this review.
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39
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Lu J, Ellsworth JL, Hamacher N, Oak SW, Sun PD. Crystal structure of Fcγ receptor I and its implication in high affinity γ-immunoglobulin binding. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:40608-13. [PMID: 21965667 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.257550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) play critical roles in humoral and cellular immune responses through interactions with the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Among them, FcγRI is the only high affinity receptor for IgG and thus is a potential target for immunotherapy. Here we report the first crystal structure of an FcγRI with all three extracellular Ig-like domains (designated as D1, D2, and D3). The structure shows that, first, FcγRI has an acute D1-D2 hinge angle similar to that of FcεRI but much smaller than those observed in the low affinity Fcγ receptors. Second, the D3 domain of FcγRI is positioned away from the putative IgG binding site on the receptor and is thus unlikely to make direct contacts with Fc. Third, the replacement of FcγRIII FG-loop ((171)LVGSKNV(177)) with that of FcγRI ((171)MGKHRY(176)) resulted in a 15-fold increase in IgG(1) binding affinity, whereas a valine insertion in the FcγRI FG-loop ((171)MVGKHRY(177)) abolished the affinity enhancement. Thus, the FcγRI FG-loop with its conserved one-residue deletion is critical to the high affinity IgG binding. The structural results support FcγRI binding to IgG in a similar mode as its low affinity counterparts. Taken together, our study suggests a molecular mechanism for the high affinity IgG recognition by FcγRI and provides a structural basis for understanding its physiological function and its therapeutic implication in treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Lu
- Structural Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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40
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Karaca E, Bonvin AMJJ. A multidomain flexible docking approach to deal with large conformational changes in the modeling of biomolecular complexes. Structure 2011; 19:555-65. [PMID: 21481778 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2011.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Binding-induced backbone and large-scale conformational changes represent one of the major challenges in the modeling of biomolecular complexes by docking. To address this challenge, we have developed a flexible multidomain docking protocol that follows a "divide-and-conquer" approach to model both large-scale domain motions and small- to medium-scale interfacial rearrangements: the flexible binding partner is treated as an assembly of subparts/domains that are docked simultaneously making use of HADDOCK's multidomain docking ability. For this, the flexible molecules are cut at hinge regions predicted using an elastic network model. The performance of this approach is demonstrated on a benchmark covering an unprecedented range of conformational changes of 1.5 to 19.5 Å. We show from a statistical survey of known complexes that the cumulative sum of eigenvalues obtained from the elastic network has some predictive power to indicate the extent of the conformational change to be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Karaca
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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41
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Abstract
Although immunoglobulin (Ig) A is commonly recognized as the most prevalent antibody subclass at mucosal sites with an important role in mucosal defense, its potential as a therapeutic monoclonal antibody is less well known. However, IgA has multifaceted anti-, non-, and pro-inflammatory functions that can be exploited for different immunotherapeutical strategies, which will be the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantine E Bakema
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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Recognition and functional activation of the human IgA receptor (FcalphaRI) by C-reactive protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:4974-9. [PMID: 21383176 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018369108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important biomarker for inflammatory diseases. However, its role in inflammation beyond complement-mediated pathogen clearance remains poorly defined. We identified the major IgA receptor, FcαRI, as a ligand for pentraxins. CRP recognized FcαRI both in solution and on cells, and the pentraxin binding site on the receptor appears distinct from that recognized by IgA. Further competitive binding and mutational analysis showed that FcαRI bound to the effector face of CRP in a region overlapping with complement C1q and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) binding sites. CRP cross-linking of FcαRI resulted in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, cytokine production, and degranulation in FcαRI-transfected RBL cells. In neutrophils, CRP induced FcαRI surface expression, phagocytosis, and TNF-α secretion. The ability of CRP to activate FcαRI defines a function for pentraxins in inflammatory responses involving neutrophils and macrophages. It also highlights the innate aspect of otherwise humoral immunity-associated antibody receptors.
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43
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Liu Y, Qiao S, Wang A, Chang J, Chen Y, Yang S, Deng R, Zhang G. Cloning and characterization of ovine immunoglobulin G Fc receptor III (FcγRIII). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 139:282-8. [PMID: 21067817 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Receptors for the Fc regions of immunoglobin G (IgG) play a critical role in immunoregulation and immune defenses against pathogens. In this study, we describe the cloning, eukaryotic expression and IgG subclass specificity of ovine Fc gamma receptor III (FcγRIII). The newly cloned ovine FcγRIII cDNA contains a 940 bp open-reading frame (ORF), and is predicted to encode a 250 amino acid transmembrane glycoprotein composed of two immunoglobulin-like extracellular domains, a transmembrane region and a short cytoplasmic tail. The overall identity of the ovine FcγRIII amino acid sequence to its cattle, pig and human counterparts was 83.2%, 62.0%, 60.7%, respectively. Overlapping PCR was performed with the extracellular domain of ovine FcγRIII and the transmembrane and intracellular region of ovine Fc gamma chain to construct a chimeric receptor. Rosetting analysis showed that transfected COS-7 cells required Fc receptor gamma chain for the expression of FcγRIII on the surface. COS-7 cells expressing FcγRIII were able to bind chicken erythrocytes sensitized with ovine IgG1, but not IgG2. Identification of ovine FcγRIII will further our understanding of the ovine immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Liu
- College of Pharmacy Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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44
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Xi J, Zhang LN, Hu GP, Wang L, Qiao SL, Guo JQ, Lu QY, Zhang GP, Yang YY. Identification of a linear epitope for Fc-binding in the mouse FcγRIII. Peptides 2010; 31:1684-8. [PMID: 20566342 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fc receptors are transmembrane proteins, found on the surfaces of immune cells, that aid in the removal of foreign pathogens by binding to antibody-coated targets via the Fc regions of the antibodies. To identify sites on mouse FcgammaRIII (moFcgammaRIII) alpha-chain that bind to the Fc region, peptides derived from the proximal extracellular domain (EC2) of moFcgammaRIII alpha-chain corresponding to the homologous region of human FcgammaRIIIB alpha-chain were synthesized. Binding of mouse IgG to the different peptides was tested by Dot-blot assay. The effective peptide (119)SFFHNEKSVRYH(130) located in the putative C-C' loop of the EC2 domain was found to bind mouse IgG specifically with an affinity of approximately 5.58 x 10(-5) M and inhibit the binding of mouse IgG to the receptor. Such a functional peptide should be very useful for further understanding the IgG-FcgammaR interaction and development of FcR-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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45
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Jie HB, Yim D, Kim YB. Porcine Fc gammaRIII isoforms are generated by alternative splicing. Mol Immunol 2009; 46:1189-94. [PMID: 19124157 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 11/09/2008] [Accepted: 11/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Fc gammaRIII plays an essential role in antibody-mediating effector functions of immune cells. Here, we report that transcripts encoding porcine Fc gammaRIII isoforms are generated by alternative splicing. Fc gammaRIII a.1 is expressed on the cell surface while Fc gammaRIII a.2 is secreted from the transfected cells due to a partial deletion of the transmembrane domain. Interestingly, a putative soluble Fc gammaRIII (sCD16) is detected in circulating plasma. Both Fc gammaRIII a.2 and sCD16 exhibit a similar molecular mass (approximately 35 kDa) and contain the extracellular D2 domains that are structurally intact. Despite the D2 domain deletion, Fc gammaRIII a.3 associates with Fc gammaRIII a.1. Hence, these results suggest one possibility that three Fc gammaRIII isoforms differentially modulate Fc gammaRIII-mediated immune responses in the porcine system. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a cytolytic triggering G7 monoclonal antibody recognizes the D2 domain that is responsible for interacting with the immune complexes and subsequent activations of porcine innate immune cells. This result suggests that the D2 domain is a target region to develop therapeutic antibodies that regulate the FcR-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Bae Jie
- Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 49229-3039, USA
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46
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Berntzen G, Andersen JT, Ustgård K, Michaelsen TE, Mousavi SA, Qian JD, Kristiansen PE, Lauvrak V, Sandlie I. Identification of a high affinity FcgammaRIIA-binding peptide that distinguishes FcgammaRIIA from FcgammaRIIB and exploits FcgammaRIIA-mediated phagocytosis and degradation. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:1126-35. [PMID: 18957413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m803584200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
FcgammaRIIA is a key activating receptor linking immune complex formation with cellular effector functions. FcgammaRIIA has 93% identity with an inhibitory receptor, FcgammaRIIB, which negatively regulates FcgammaRIIA. FcgammaRIIA is important in the therapeutic action of several monoclonal antibodies. Binding molecules that discriminate FcgammaRIIA from FcgammaRIIB may optimize receptor activity and serve as a lead for development of therapeutics with FcgammaRIIA as a key target. Here we report the use of phage display libraries to select short peptides with distinct FcgammaRIIA binding properties. An 11-mer peptide (WAWVWLTETAV) was characterized that bound FcgammaRIIA with a K(d) of 500 nm. It mediated cell internalization and degradation of a model antigen. The peptide-binding site on FcgammaRIIA was shown to involve Phe(163) and the IgG binding amino acids Trp(90) and Trp(113). It is thus overlapping but not identical to that of IgG. Neither activating receptors FcgammaRI and FcgammaRIII, nor FcgammaRIIB, all of which lack Phe(163), bound the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gøril Berntzen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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47
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Arnon TI, Kaiser JT, West AP, Olson R, Diskin R, Viertlboeck BC, Göbel TW, Bjorkman PJ. The crystal structure of CHIR-AB1: a primordial avian classical Fc receptor. J Mol Biol 2008; 381:1012-24. [PMID: 18625238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CHIR-AB1 is a newly identified avian immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor that includes both activating and inhibitory motifs and was therefore classified as a potentially bifunctional receptor. Recently, CHIR-AB1 was shown to bind the Fc region of chicken IgY and to induce calcium mobilization via association with the common gamma-chain, a subunit that transmits signals upon ligation of many different immunoreceptors. Here we describe the 1.8-A-resolution crystal structure of the CHIR-AB1 ectodomain. The receptor ectodomain consists of a single C2-type Ig domain resembling the Ig-like domains found in mammalian Fc receptors such as FcgammaRs and FcalphaRI. Unlike these receptors and other monomeric Ig superfamily members, CHIR-AB1 crystallized as a 2-fold symmetrical homodimer that bears no resemblance to variable or constant region dimers in an antibody. Analytical ultracentrifugation demonstrated that CHIR-AB1 exists as a mixture of monomers and dimers in solution, and equilibrium gel filtration revealed a 2:1 receptor/ligand binding stoichiometry. Measurement of the 1:1 CHIR-AB1/IgY interaction affinity indicates a relatively low affinity complex, but a 2:1 CHIR-AB1/IgY interaction allows an increase in apparent affinity due to avidity effects when the receptor is tethered to a surface. Taken together, these results add to the structural understanding of Fc receptors and their functional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal I Arnon
- Division of Biology, 114-96 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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48
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Abstract
This overview provides an illustrated, comprehensive survey of some commonly observed protein‐fold families and structural motifs, chosen for their functional significance. It opens with descriptions and definitions of the various elements of protein structure and associated terminology. Following is an introduction into web‐based structural bioinformatics that includes surveys of interactive web servers for protein fold or domain annotation, protein‐structure databases, protein‐structure‐classification databases, structural alignments of proteins, and molecular graphics programs available for personal computers. The rest of the overview describes selected families of protein folds in terms of their secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structural arrangements, including ribbon‐diagram examples, tables of representative structures with references, and brief explanations pointing out their respective biological and functional significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Sun
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Abstract
In addition to their role in binding antigen, antibodies can regulate immune responses through interacting with Fc receptors (FcRs). In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that regulate the activity of IgG antibodies in vivo. In this Review, we discuss recent studies addressing the multifaceted roles of FcRs for IgG (FcgammaRs) in the immune system and how this knowledge could be translated into novel therapeutic strategies to treat human autoimmune, infectious or malignant diseases.
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The human cytomegalovirus Fc receptor gp68 binds the Fc CH2-CH3 interface of immunoglobulin G. J Virol 2008; 82:3490-9. [PMID: 18216124 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01476-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) by surface receptors for the Fc domain of immunoglobulin G (Fcgamma), FcgammaRs, can trigger both humoral and cellular immune responses. Two human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded type I transmembrane receptors with Fcgamma-binding properties (vFcgammaRs), gp34 and gp68, have been identified on the surface of HCMV-infected cells and are assumed to confer protection against IgG-mediated immunity. Here we show that Fcgamma recognition by both vFcgammaRs occurs independently of N-linked glycosylation of Fcgamma, in contrast with the properties of host FcgammaRs. To gain further insight into the interaction with Fcgamma, truncation mutants of the vFcgammaR gp68 ectodomain were probed for Fcgamma binding, resulting in localization of the Fcgamma binding site on gp68 to residues 71 to 289, a region including an immunoglobulin-like domain. Gel filtration and biosensor binding experiments revealed that, unlike host FcgammaRs but similar to the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) Fc receptor gE-gI, gp68 binds to the C(H)2-C(H)3 interdomain interface of the Fcgamma dimer with a nanomolar affinity and a 2:1 stoichiometry. Unlike gE-gI, which binds Fcgamma at the slightly basic pH of the extracellular milieu but not at the acidic pH of endosomes, the gp68/Fcgamma complex is stable at pH values from 5.6 to pH 8.1. These data indicate that the mechanistic details of Fc binding by HCMV gp68 differ from those of host FcgammaRs and from that of HSV-1 gE-gI, suggesting distinct functional and recognition properties.
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