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McDarmont SL, McMillen CD, Temelso B, Pienkos JA. Exploiting a C–F Activation Strategy to Generate Novel Tris(pyrazolyl)methane Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. McDarmont
- Department of Chemistry & Physics The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga TN USA
| | | | - Berhane Temelso
- Division of Information Technology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
| | - Jared A. Pienkos
- Department of Chemistry & Physics The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga TN USA
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2
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Muñoz-Molina JM, Belderrain TR, Pérez PJ. Group 11 tris(pyrazolyl)methane complexes: structural features and catalytic applications. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10772-10781. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01661a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands (Tpmx) have been for years a step behind their highly popular boron-anionic analogues, the tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands (Tpx).
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Muñoz-Molina
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC
- CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química
- Universidad de Huelva
- 21007 Huelva
| | - Tomás R. Belderrain
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC
- CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química
- Universidad de Huelva
- 21007 Huelva
| | - Pedro J. Pérez
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC
- CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química
- Universidad de Huelva
- 21007 Huelva
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Ovejero P, Asensio E, Heras JV, Campo JA, Cano M, Torres MR, Núñez C, Lodeiro C. Silver-pyrazole complexes as hybrid multifunctional materials with metallomesogenic and photoluminescent behaviour. Dalton Trans 2013. [PMID: 23188455 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31750h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New pyridine-functionalised pyrazole compounds [Hpz(R(n)py)] (R(n) = C(6)H(4)OC(n)H(2n+1); n = 12, 14, 16, 18; 1-4) and their corresponding silver complexes [Ag(Hpz(R(n)py))(2)][A] ([A] = NO(3)(-), BF(4)(-); ) have been synthesised and characterised. All of them, with the exception of 1, are liquid crystal materials exhibiting monotropic or enantiotropic SmA mesophases, in contrast to the non-mesomorphic related R(n)-monosubstituted compounds. Because the molecular shape is a factor determinant in the organisation of molecules in the liquid crystal phase, we were interested in solving the crystal structure of representative examples of the mentioned compounds, such as 1 and 6. So, the X-ray crystal structure of [Hpz(R(12)py)] 1 shows the presence of dimeric units through N-H···N hydrogen bonds, which conform to an elongated molecular shape containing a double chain length. On the other hand, the structure of [Ag(Hpz(R(14)py))(2)][NO(3)] 6 also evidenced Ag-Ag bonded dimers from 'U'-shaped cationic entities. These dimers exhibit four chains, two by two alternated, so giving rise to a longer molecular length. Of particular interest was to observe that in both structures, the dimers are layer-like packed, their lamellar structures being related to that of the mesophases found in both kinds of compounds. Furthermore, the analysis of the optical data of the compounds 2 and 4 and the silver compounds 5, 6, 9 and 10 as representative examples pointed out their luminescent behaviour as well as their good ability to act as fluorescent probes for Zn(2+), Cu(2+) and Ag(+). An increase in the fluorescence quantum yields is observed in the final complexes produced in the titrations, this fact being specially notable when 9 was used as the starting compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ovejero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Gwengo C, Silva RM, Smith MD, Lindeman SV, Gardinier JR. Toward charge-neutral ‘soft scorpionates’: Coordination chemistry and Lewis acid promoted isomerization of tris(1-organo-imidazol-2-ylthio)methanes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Morawitz T, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. A Manganese(II) Coordination Polymer with Ditopic Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)borate Bridges. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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6
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Reger DL, Semeniuc RF, Smith MD. Supramolecular networks of silver(i) and iron(ii) complexes of the third generation tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligand Ph2(O)POCH2C(pz)3 (pz = pyrazolyl ring). Dalton Trans 2008:2253-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b719023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Reger DL, Foley EA, Semeniuc RF, Smith MD. Structural Comparisons of Silver(I) Complexes of Third-Generation Ligands Built from Tridentate (o-C6H4[CH2OCH2C(pz)3]2) versus Bidentate Poly(1-pyrazolyl)methane Units (o-C6H4[CH2OCH2CH(pz)2]2) (pz = Pyrazolyl Ring). Inorg Chem 2007; 46:11345-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ic7017743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Reger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Elizabeth A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Radu F. Semeniuc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Mark D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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8
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Ovejero P, Mayoral MJ, Cano M, Campo JA, Heras JV, Pinilla E, Torres MR. The 3,5-dimethyl-4-nitropyrazole ligand in the construction of supramolecular networks of silver(I) complexes. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Reger DL, Semeniuc RF, Little CA, Smith MD. Crystal Retro-Engineering: Structural Impact on Silver(I) Complexes with Changing Complexity of Tris(pyrazolyl)methane Ligands. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:7758-69. [PMID: 16961367 DOI: 10.1021/ic0606936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and structures of seven new silver(I) complexes involving the parent tris(pyrazolyl)methane unit, [C(pz)(3)], as the donor set, {[C6H5CH2OCH2C(pz)3]Ag}(BF4), {[C6H5CH2OCH2C(pz)3]2Ag3}(CF3SO3)3, {[HOCH2C(pz)3]Ag}(BF4), {[HOCH2C(pz)3]Ag}(CF3SO3), {[HC(pz)3]2Ag2(CH3CN)}(BF4)2, {[HC(pz)3]Ag}(PF6), and {[HC(pz)3]Ag}(CF3SO3), are reported. This project is based on a retro-design of our multitopic C6H(6-n)[CH2OCH2C(pz)3]n (pz = pyrazolyl ring, n = 2, 3, 4, and 6) family of ligands in such a way that each new ligand has one fewer organizational feature. The kappa2-kappa1 bonding mode of the [C(pz)3] units to two silvers, also observed with the multitopic ligands, is the dominant structural feature in all cases. Changing the counterion has important effects on the local structures and on crystal packing. When these structures are compared to similar ones based on the multitopic C6H(6-n)[CH2OCH2C(pz)3]n ligands, it has been shown that the presence of the rigid parts (central arene core and the [C(pz)3] units) are important in order to observe highly organized supramolecular structures. The presence of the flexible ether linkage is also crucial, allowing all noncovalent forces to manifest themselves in a cumulative and complementary manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Reger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
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Silva RM, Liddle BJ, Lindeman SJ, Smith MD, Gardinier JR. Ligand-Promoted Solvent-Dependent Ionization and Conformational Equilibria of Re(CO)3Br[CH2(S-tim)2] (tim = 1-methylthioimidazolyl). Crystal Structures of Re(CO)3Br[CH2(S-tim)2] and {Re(CO)3(CH3CN)[CH2(S-tim)2]}(PF6). Inorg Chem 2006; 45:6794-802. [PMID: 16903736 DOI: 10.1021/ic060765t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compounds Re(CO)3Br[CH2(S-tim)2] (1) and {Re(CO)3(CH3CN)[CH2(S-tim)2]}(PF6) (2), where tim is 1-methylthioimidazolyl, were prepared in high yields and characterized both in the solid state and in solution. The solid-state structures show that the ligand acts in a chelating binding mode where the eight-member chelate ring adopts twist-boat conformations in both compounds. A comparison of both solid-state IR data for CO stretching frequencies and the solution-phase voltammetric measurements for the Re(1+/2+) couples between 1, 2, and related N,N-chelates of the rhenium tricarbonyl moiety indicate that the CH2(S-tim)2 ligand is a stronger donor than even the ubiquitous dipyridyl ligands. A combination of NMR spectroscopic studies and voltammetric studies revealed that compound 1 undergoes spontaneous ionization to form {Re(CO)3(CH3CN)[CH2(S-tim)2]+}(Br-) in acetonitrile. Ionization does not occur in solvents such as CH2Cl2 or acetone that are less polar and Lewis basic (less coordinating). The equilibrium constant at 293 K for the ionization of 1 in CH3CN is 4.3 x 10(-3). The eight-member chelate rings in each 1 and 2 were found to be conformationally flexible in all solvents, and boat-chair conformers could be identified. Variable-temperature NMR spectroscopic studies were used to elucidate the various kinetic and thermodynamic parameters associated with the energetically accessible twist-boat to twist-boat and twist-boat to boat-chair interconversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalice M Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53213-1881, USA
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Silva RM, Smith MD, Gardinier JR. Anion- and Solvent-Directed Assembly in Silver Bis(thioimidazolyl)methane Chemistry and the Silver−Sulfur Interaction. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:2132-42. [PMID: 16499376 DOI: 10.1021/ic052025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of metal complexation on the structure and properties of the electroactive bis(1-methylthioimidazolyl)methane linkage isomers CH2(N-tim)2 (L1) and CH2(S-tim)2 (L2) has been explored. Coordination polymers {[Ag(L1)2]X}n (X = BF4, PF6) are formed by bridging L1 between tetrahedral silver centers giving two-dimensional cationic sheets composed of AgS(4) linkages; the anions are sandwiched between sheets. Cyclic dimers {[Ag2(L2)2]X2} (X = BF4, PF6, OSO2CF3) are formed when L2:AgX ratios are lower than 1.5. When L2:AgPF6 was 1.5 or higher, the complex [Ag4(L2)5](PF5)4 could be isolated as a solvate. The NMR, IR, electrochemical, and ESI+ mass spectral data of this latter compound indicate that extensive dissociation to the cyclic dimer and free ligand occurs in solution. Finally, a Cambridge Structural Database search was performed to provide insight into reasonable silver-sulfur bond distances, since literature values appeared to vary widely between 2.3 and 3.2 A. It was found that these distances increase with increasing coordination number of silver. The average distances for 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-coordinate silver were found to be 2.40, 2.52, 2.62, 2.70, and 2.75 A, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalice M Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA
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Krummenacher I, Rüegger H, Breher F. Coinage metal complexes of tris(pyrazolyl)methanide [C(3,5-Me2pz)3]−: κ3-coordination vs. backbone functionalisation. Dalton Trans 2006:1073-81. [PMID: 16474893 DOI: 10.1039/b512309g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(pyrazolyl)methanides, [C(3,5-R2pz)3]-, contain an unassociated tetrahedral carbanionic centre in the bridgehead position. In addition to nitrogen donor centres for transition metal coordination, an accessible reactive site for further manipulations is available in the backbone of the ligand. The coordination variability of the ambidental C-/N ligand [C(3,5-Me2pz)3]- was elucidated by investigating its coinage metal complexes. Two principle coordination modes were found for complexes of general formula [LMPR3] (with M = Cu(I), Ag(I), Au(I); L =[C(3,5-Me2pz)3]-; R = Ph, OMe). While for Cu(I) (2,3) and Ag(I) (4) complexes the anionic ligand acts as a face-capping, six electron N3-donor, gold(I) (5) is coordinated by the bridging carbanion yielding a two coordinate Au(I) complex comprising a covalent Au-C bond. The complexes featuring the kappa3-coordinated N3-donor ligand were investigated by 31P CP (MAS) NMR in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Krummenacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences (D-CHAB), ETH Hönggerberg, Wolfgang-Pauli Str., CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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Gallego ML, Cano M, Campo JA, Heras JV, Pinilla E, Torres MR, Cornago P, Claramunt RM. Cationic Silver Coordination Compounds of Polydentate Ligands: Supramolecular Structures of [Ag(Pzbp2Py)2(OSO2CF3)] and [Ag2(Pzbp2Py)2(OSO2CF3)2] {Pzbp2Py = 2-[3,5-Bis(4-butoxyphenyl)pyrazol-1-yl]pyridine}. Eur J Inorg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200500231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Gallego M, Cano M, Campo J, Heras J, Pinilla E, Torres M. Supramolecular Arrays of Cationic Complexes Containing Pyrazole Ligands and Tetrafluoroborate, Trifluoromethanesulfonate, or Nitrate as Counterions. Crystal Structure of Bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-κN2)silver(1+) Nitrate ([Ag(HpzNO2)2](NO3)). Helv Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200590180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Dong YB, Zhang Q, Wang L, Ma JP, Huang RQ, Shen DZ, Chen DZ. Organometallic Coordination Polymers Generated from Bent Bis(acetylenylphenyl)oxadiazole Ligands and Ag(I) Salts. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:6591-608. [PMID: 16156617 DOI: 10.1021/ic0508223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two new bent oxadiazole bridging benzoacetylene ligands 2,5-bis(4-ethynylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (L9) and 2,5-bis(3-ethynylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (L10) were synthesized. The coordination chemistry of them with various inorganic Ag(I) salts has been investigated. Seven new coordination polymers were prepared by solution reactions and fully characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. [Ag2(L9)](SO3CF3)2 (1) (triclinic, P; a =10.292(4), b = 10.794(4), c = 11.399(5) A; alpha = 98.894(5), beta = 102.360(6), gamma = 90.319(5) degrees ; Z = 2), [Ag(L9)]SbF6 (2) (orthorhombic, Cmca; a = 19.059(9), b = 12.922(6), c = 15.609(7) A; Z = 8), [Ag(L9)]BF4 (3) (orthorhombic, Cmca; a = 19.128(3), b = 12.6042(18), c = 28.003(4) A; Z = 16), [Ag(L9)]ClO4 (4) (monoclinic, P2(1)/c; a = 8.5153(16), b = 19.722(4), c = 10.320(2) A; beta = 105.307(3) degrees ; Z = 4), [Ag(L10)]SO3CF3 (5) (triclinic, P; a = 9.0605(13), b = 10.4956(15), c = 10.8085(16) A; alpha = 101.666(2), beta = 109.269(2), gamma = 100.944(2) degrees ; Z = 2), [Ag(L10)(H2O)(0.5)]BF4.0.5H2O (6) (monoclinic, C2/m; a = 32.180(6), b = 17.027(3), c = 8.1453(15) A; beta = 102.541(3) degrees ; Z = 8), and {[Ag2(L10)2(H2O)](ClO4)2}.o-xylene (7) (monoclinic, P2(1)/c; a = 8.1460(10), b = 17.326(2), c = 30.345(4) A; beta = 97.71 degrees ; Z = 4) were obtained by the combination of L9 and L10 with various Ag(I) salts in a benzene/methylene chloride mixed solvent system. In addition, the luminescent and electrical conductive properties of these new compounds were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Shandong Key Lab of Chemical Functional Materials, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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Reger DL, Gardinier JR, BakbakCurrent address: School of Ch S, Semeniuc RF, Bunz UHF, Smith MD. Multitopic third generation tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands built on alkyne structural scaffolding: first preparation of mixed tris(pyrazolyl)methane/tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands. NEW J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b414770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Bigmore HR, Lawrence SC, Mountford P, Tredget CS. Coordination, organometallic and related chemistry of tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands. Dalton Trans 2005:635-51. [PMID: 15702171 DOI: 10.1039/b413121e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(pyrazolyl)methanes are the neutral analogues of the widely exploited and highly useful tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborates, yet by comparison with their boron based counterparts their chemistry is underdeveloped. Recent breakthroughs in the synthesis of ring-substituted tris(pyrazolyl)methanes offer the opportunity for the development of this useful and promising class of ligand. This review summarises the current state of the coordination and organometallic chemistry of tris(pyrazolyl)methanes and highlights areas in which development is likely to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Bigmore
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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Reger DL, Gardinier JR, Smith MD. Tuning the Coordination Geometry of Silver in Bis(pyrazolyl)alkane Complexes. Inorg Chem 2004; 43:3825-32. [PMID: 15206862 DOI: 10.1021/ic0497174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Silver(I) complexes of the bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands Ph(2)C(pz)(2), PhCH(pz)(2), and PhCH(2)CH(pz)(2) (pz = pyrazolyl ring) have been prepared in an attempt to explore how sterically hindered poly(pyrazolyl)methane ligands influence the variable coordination geometries exhibited by silver(I) complexes, especially its ability to participate in cation...pi interactions. The complex (Ag[(pz)(2)CPh(2)](2))(PF(6)).C(3)H(6)O adopts an unusual square planar coordination environment as indicated by the sum of the four N-Ag-N angles being 360 degrees. The proximity of phenyl groups above and below the AgN(4) core enforces the unusual coordination geometry about the metal center. This arrangement is not a result of silver(I)...pi arene interactions but rather of the constraints imposed by the steric crowding caused by (aryl)(2)C(pz)(2) ligands. In contrast, the complexes of the other two ligands, (Ag[(pz)(2)CHPh](2))(PF(6)).0.5CH(2)Cl(2) and (Ag[(pz)(2)CH(CH(2)Ph)](2))(PF(6)).CH(2)Cl(2), show normal tetrahedral geometry about the silver(I), also with no indication of silver(I)...pi arene interactions. All three new complexes have extended supramolecular structures supported by a combination of CH...pi and CH...F interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Reger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Dong YB, Jin GX, Zhao X, Tang B, Huang RQ, Smith MD, Stitzer KE, zur Loye HC. Novel CpAg(I)-Containing Organometallic Coordination Polymers Generated from Fulvene Ligands. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om0342053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reger DL, Semeniuc RF, Rassolov V, Smith MD. Supramolecular Structural Variations with Changes in Anion and Solvent in Silver(I) Complexes of a Semirigid, Bitopic Tris(pyrazolyl)methane Ligand. Inorg Chem 2003; 43:537-54. [PMID: 14731015 DOI: 10.1021/ic035207i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bitopic ligand p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2) (pz = pyrazolyl ring) that contains two tris(pyrazolyl)methane units connected by a semirigid organic spacer reacts with silver(I) salts to yield [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgX)(2)]( infinity ), where X = CF(3)SO(3)(-) (1), SbF(6)(-) (2), PF(6)(-) (3), BF(4)(-) (4), and NO(3)(-) (5). Crystallization of the first three compounds from acetone yields [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgCF(3)SO(3))(2)]( infinity ) (1a), [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgSbF(6))(2)[(CH(3))(2)CO](2)]( infinity ) (2b), and [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)AgPF(6)]( infinity ) (3a), where the stoichiometry for the latter compound has changed from a metal:ligand ratio of 2:1 to 1:1. The structure of 1a is based on helical argentachains constructed by a kappa(2)-kappa(1) coordination to silver of the tris(pyrazolyl)methane units. These chains are organized into a tubular 3D structure by cylindrical [(CF(3)SO(3))(6)](6)(-) clusters that form weak C-H...O hydrogen bonds with the bitopic ligand. The same kappa(2)-kappa(1) coordination is present in the structure of 2a, but the structure is organized by six different tris(pyrazolyl)methane units from six ligands bonding with six silvers to form a 36-member argentamacrocycle core. The cores are organized in a tubular array by the organic spacers where each pair of macrocycles sandwich six acetone molecules and one SbF(6)(-) counterion. The structure of 3a is based on a kappa(2)-kappa(0) coordination mode of each tris(pyrazolyl)methane unit forming a helical coordination polymer, with two strands organized in a double stranded helical structure by a series of C-H...pi interactions between the central arene rings. Crystallization of 2-4 from acetonitrile yields complexes of the formula [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)[(AgX)(2)(CH(3)CN)(n)]]( infinity ) where n = 2 for X = SbF(6)(-) (2b), X = PF(6)(-) (3b) and n = 1 for X = BF(4)(-) (4b). All three structures contain argentachains formed by a kappa(2)-kappa(1) coordination mode of the tris(pyrazolyl)methane units linked by the organic spacer and arranged in a 2D sheet structure with the anions sandwiched between the sheets. Crystallization of 5 from acetonitrile yields crystals of the formula [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgNO(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(4)]( infinity ), where the nitrate is bonded to the silver. The argentachains, again formed by kappa(2)-kappa(1) coordination, are arranged in W-shaped sheets that have an overall configuration very different from 2b-4b. Treating [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgSbF(6))(2)]( infinity ) with a saturated aqueous solution of KPF(6) or KO(3)SCF(3) slowly leads to complete exchange of the anion. Crystallization of a sample that contains an approximately equal mixture of SbF(6)(-)/PF(6)(-) from acetonitrile yields [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)[Ag(2)(PF(6))(0.78(1))(SbF(6))(1.22(1))(CH(3)CN)(2)][(CH(3)CN)(0.25) (C(4)H(10)O)(0.25)]]( infinity ), a compound with a sheet structure analogous to 2b-4b. Crystallization of the same mixture from acetone yields [p-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2)(AgSbF(6))[(CH(3))(2)CO](1.5)]( infinity ), where the metal-to-ligand ratio is 1:1 and the [C(pz)(3)] units are kappa(2)-kappa(0) bonded forming a coordination polymer. The supramolecular structures of all species are organized by a combination of C-H...pi, pi-pi, or weak C-H-F(O) hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Reger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
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Reger D, Semeniuc R, Smith M. Influence of the Crystallization Solvent on Molecular and Supramolecular Structures of Silver(I) Tris(3-Phenylpyrazolyl)methane Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Reger DL, Semeniuc RF, Silaghi-Dumitrescu I, Smith MD. Influences of changes in multitopic tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligand topology on silver(I) supramolecular structures. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:3751-64. [PMID: 12793811 DOI: 10.1021/ic034039r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactions between silver tetrafluoroborate and the ligands 1,2,4,5-C(6)H(2)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](4) (L1, pz = pyrazolyl ring), o-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2) (L2), and m-C(6)H(4)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](2) (L3) yield coordination polymers of the formula (C(6)H(6)(-)(n)[CH(2)OCH(2)C(pz)(3)](n)(AgBF4)(m))( infinity ) (n = 4, m = 2, 1; n = 2, ortho substitution, m = 1, 2; meta substitution, m = 2, 3). In the solid state, L2 molecules dimerize by a pair of C-H.pi interactions, forming an arrangement that resembles the tetratopic ligand L1. In the solid-state structure of 1, each silver atom is kappa(2)-bonded to two tris(pyrazolyl)methane units from different ligands with the overall structure a polymer made up from 32-atom macrocyclic rings formed by bonding tris(pyrazolyl)methane groups from nonadjacent positions on the central arene rings to the same two silver atoms. In 2, each silver is bonded to two tris(pyrazolyl)methane units in the same kappa(2)-kappa(2) fashion as with 1, forming a polymer chain. The chains are organized into dimeric units by strong face-to-face pi-pi stacking between the central arene rings making bitopic L2 act as half of tetratopic L1. The chains in both structures are organized by weak C-H.F hydrogen bonds and pi-pi stacking interactions into very similar 3D supramolecular architectures. The structure of 3 contains three types of silvers with the overall 3D supramolecular sinusoidal structure comprised of 32-atom macrocycles. Infrared studies confirm the importance of the noncovalent interactions. Calculations at the DFT (B3LYP/6-31G) level of theory have been carried out on L2 and also support C-H.pi interactions. Electrospray mass spectral data collected from acetone or acetonitrile show the presence of aggregated species such as [(L)Ag(2)(BF(4))](+) and [(L)Ag(2)](2+), despite the fact that (1)H NMR spectra of all compounds show that acetonitrile completely displaces the ligand whereas acetone does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Reger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA. Reger@ mail.chem.sc.edu
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Reger DL, Semeniuc RF, Smith MD. Structurally adaptive multitopic ligands containing tris(pyrazolyl)methane units as supramolecular synthons: manganese carbonyl complexes. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)02043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reger DL, Gardinier JR, Christian Grattan T, Smith MR, Smith MD. Synthesis of the silver(i) complex of CH2[CH(pz4Et)2]2containing the unprecedented [Ag(NO3)4]3−anion: A general method for the preparation of 4-(alkyl)pyrazoles. NEW J CHEM 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b307306h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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