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Li Y, Tang Y, Qiao Z, Jiang Z, Wang Z, Xu H, Jiao X, Li Q. Prevalence and molecular characteristics of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the respiratory tracts of Chinese adults with community-acquired pneumonia. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:713-718. [PMID: 36940498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an important pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections. In recent years, an increasing number of CA-MRSA clones have emerged and rapidly spread in the community and hospital settings in China. OBJECTIVES To investigate the molecular epidemiology and resistance of CA-MRSA in the respiratory tracts of Chinese adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS A total of 243 sputum samples were collected from adult patients with CAP at the Nantong Hospital in China between 2018 and 2021. S. aureus was identified using PCR, and its susceptibility to 14 antimicrobials was tested using the broth dilution method. Genomic characterization of respiratory CA-MRSA and our previously collected intestinal CA-MRSA isolates was performed using whole-genome sequencing, and the evolutionary relationships of these isolates were assessed using phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS The CA-MRSA colonization rate among adults with CAP in China was 7.8 % (19/243). Antimicrobial resistance analysis revealed that the proportion of multidrug-resistant respiratory CA-MRSA isolates (100 %) was higher than that of intestinal CA-MRSA isolates (6.3 %). Among the 35 CA-MRSA isolates, 10 MLST types were identified and clustered into five clone complexes (CCs). CC5 (48.6 %) and CC88 (20 %) were predominant CA-MRSA clones. Notably, the CC5 clone ST764/ST6292-MRSA-II-t002 was identified as the major lineage causing respiratory tract infections in Chinese adults with CAP. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of CA-MRSA among Chinese adults with CAP is high and often involves ST764/ST6292-MRSA-II-t002 as the causal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Yuanyue Tang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Zhuang Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, China.
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China.
| | - Qiuchun Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, China.
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Phylogenetic Analysis and Virulence Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST45 in China: a Hyper-Virulent Clone Associated with Bloodstream Infections. mSystems 2023; 8:e0002923. [PMID: 36877043 PMCID: PMC10134793 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00029-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 45 (ST45) was rarely found in China. This study was conducted to trace the transmission and evolution of emerging MRSA ST45 strains in mainland China and explore its virulence. A total of 27 ST45 isolates were included for whole-genome sequencing and genetic characteristic analysis. Epidemiological results showed that MRSA ST45 isolates were often obtained from blood, primarily originated in Guangzhou, and carried diverse virulence and drug resistance genes. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV (SCCmec IV) dominated in MRSA ST45 (23/27, 85.2%). ST45-SCCmec V was located on a phylogenetic clade distinct from the SCCmec IV cluster. We selected two representative isolates, MR370 (ST45-SCCmec IV) and MR387 (ST45-SCCmec V), and performed hemolysin activity, a blood killing assay, a Galleria mellonella infection model, and a mouse bacteremia model, as well as real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. MR370 was proved to have extreme virulence in the phenotypic assays and at the mRNA level compared with ST59, ST5, and USA300 MRSA strains. MR387 was comparable to USA300-LAC on the phenotype and was verified to have higher expression of scn, chp, sak, saeR, agrA, and RNAIII than USA300-LAC. The results emphasized the extraordinary performance of MR370 and the good potential of MR387 in virulence causing bloodstream infection. Meanwhile, we conclude that China MRSA ST45 showed two different clonotypes, which may be widespread in the future. The entire study is valuable as a timely reminder and reports virulence phenotypes of China MRSA ST45 for the first time. IMPORTANCE Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST45 is epidemic worldwide. This study contributed to the awareness of the Chinese hyper-virulent MRSA ST45 strains and served as a timely reminder of its wide dissemination of clonotypes. Further, we provide novel insights for prevention from the perspective of bloodstream infections. ST45-SCCmec V is a clonotype deserving special attention in China, and we performed genetic and phenotypic analyses for the first time on it.
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Liang B, Liang X, Gao F, Long Y, Mai J, Ai X, Wang J, Gao X, Xiong Z, Liang Z, Zhang C, Gong S, Zhou Z. Active Surveillance, Drug Resistance, and Genotypic Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Among School-Age Children in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:701494. [PMID: 34447764 PMCID: PMC8382981 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.701494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization predisposes individuals for endogenous infections and is a major threat to children. Recently, oxacillin/cefoxitin-susceptible mecA-positive S. aureus (OS-MRSA) has been reported worldwide. Herein, a prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across five schools, representing three educational stages, in Guangzhou, China. Nasal swabs from 2,375 students were cultured for S. aureus and all isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing phenotypically and confirmed by femB and mecA genetic detection; all the isolates were classified as MSSA, MRSA, or OS-MRSA. All strains were also analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing. Among the 2,375 swabs, S. aureus was detected in 744 children (31.3%, 95% CI: 25.9–36.7%), of whom 72 had MRSA (3.0%, 95% CI: 0.6–5.4%) and 4 had OS-MRSA (0.2%, 95% CI: 0.1–0.3%), of which an oxacillin- and cefoxitin-susceptible MRSA strain was identified. The prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was higher in younger children. The highest percentage of drug resistance of the S. aureus isolates (n = 744) was to penicillin (85.5%), followed by erythromycin (43.3%) and clidamycin (41.0%). The most prevalent sequence types (STs) were ST30, ST45, and ST188 in MSSA, accounting for 38.7% of the total isolates, whereas ST45, ST59, and ST338 accounted for 74.6% of the MRSA isolates and ST338 accounted for 50.0% of the OS-MRSA isolates. The MRSA and OS-MRSA isolates (n = 76) were grouped into three clades and one singleton, with clonal complex (CC) 45 as the most predominant linkage. The top nine multi-locus sequence typing-based CCs (CC30, CC45, CC5, CC1, CC15, CC944, CC398, CC59, CC7) represented 86.7% of all S. aureus isolates. All CC30 isolates were resistant to erythromycin and clidamycin, and almost all these isolates were also resistant to penicillin (99.2%). The CC45 and CC59 isolates exhibited high resistance rates to oxacillin at 31.5 and 59.0%, respectively. This study provides updated data valuable for designing effective control strategies to mitigate the burden of disease and to improve the adequacy of empirical antimicrobial treatments for potentially harmful infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingshao Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Long
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Mai
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Ai
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jielin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiurong Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhile Xiong
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuwei Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Mao Y, Kang Y, He L, Zhu B, Zhang W, Lu Y, Wu Q, Xu D, Shi L. MicroRNA-127 Promotes Anti-microbial Host Defense through Restricting A20-Mediated De-ubiquitination of STAT3. iScience 2020; 23:100763. [PMID: 31958753 PMCID: PMC6992901 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing rising of multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has become a major public health concern, underscoring a pressing need for developing therapies essentially based on the understanding of host defensive mechanism. In the present study, we showed that microRNA (miR)-127 played a key role in controlling bacterial infection and conferred a profound protection against staphylococcal pneumonia. The protective effect of miR-127 was largely dependent on its regulation of macrophage bactericidal activity and the generation of IL-22, IL-17, and anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), the pathway primarily driven by STAT3. Importantly, we revealed that the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20, a genuine target of miR-127, specifically interacted with and repressed K63-ubiquitination of STAT3, thereby compromising its phosphorylation upon bacterial infection. Thus, our data not only identify miR-127 as a non-coding molecule with anti-bacterial activity but also delineate an unappreciated mechanism whereby A20 regulates STAT3-driven anti-microbial signaling via modulating its ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Centers of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Tang C, Liu C, Han Y, Guo Q, Ouyang W, Feng H, Wang M, Xu F. Nontoxic Carbon Quantum Dots/g-C 3 N 4 for Efficient Photocatalytic Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus under Visible Light. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801534. [PMID: 30941911 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of antibiotics has caused the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and antibiotic resistance genes in the past few decades. Photocatalytic inactivation, a promising approach for the killing of pathogens, efficiently avoids the problems induced by antimicrobial drugs. However, traditional photocatalysts usually have some disadvantages, such as high costs of raw materials, ultraviolet ray excitation, and potential leaching of toxic metals. Here, a metal-free heterojunction photocatalyst, denoted as CQDs/g-C3 N4 , is synthesized through incorporating carbon quantum dots (CQDs) on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ), which significantly enhances photocatalytic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) compared with pure g-C3 N4 in vitro. CQDs/g-C3 N4 causes a rapid increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and destruction of cell membranes under visible light, eventually leading to death of bacteria. The efficacy of CQDs/g-C3 N4 is further examined by a mouse cutaneous infection model of S. aureus. CQDs/g-C3 N4 markedly reduces the bacterial loads and prompts lesion recovery in mice, as compared with g-C3 N4 -treated group. In vivo and in vitro toxicity analyses show that the side effects of CQDs/g-C3 N4 are negligible. Considering the efficient photocatalytic inactivation and nontoxicity of CQDs/g-C3 N4 , this visible-light-driven photocatalyst paves a brand new avenue for the treatment of S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310012 Zhejiang China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Qiaoqi Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310012 Zhejiang China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Huajun Feng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310012 Zhejiang China
| | - Meizhen Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310012 Zhejiang China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China
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Zhang R, Li S, Zhang XK, Wang Y, Yang LY, Zeng H, Yan DP, Zou QM, Zuo QF. Mechanisms of fibronectin-binding protein A (FnBPA 110-263) vaccine efficacy in Staphylococcus aureus sepsis versus skin infection. Clin Immunol 2018; 194:1-8. [PMID: 29906512 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Increasing rates of life-threatening infections and decreasing susceptibility to antibiotics urge an effective vaccine targeting Staphylococcus aureus. Here we investigate the role of cellular immunity in FnBPA110-263 mediated protection in Staphylococcus aureus infection. This study revealed FnBPA110-263 broadly protected mice from seven FnBPA isotypes strains in the sepsis model. FnBPA110-263 immunized B-cell deficient mice were protected against lethal challenge, while T-cell deficient mice were not. Reconstituting mice with FnBPA110-263 specific CD4+ T-cells conferred antigen specific protection. In vitro assays indicated that isolated FnBPA110-263 specific splenocytes from immunized mice produced abundant IL-17A. IL-17A deficient mice were not protected from a lethal challenge by FnBPA110-263 vaccination. Moreover, neutralizing IL-17A, but not IFN-γ,reverses FnBPA110-263-induced protective efficacy in sepsis and skin infection model. These findings suggest that IL-17A producing Th17 cells play an essential role in FnBPA110-263 vaccine-mediated defense against S. aureus sepsis and skin infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, ChengDu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, PR China
| | - Sun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiao-Kai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Liu-Yang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Da-Peng Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China..
| | - Qian-Fei Zuo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China..
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