1
|
Barati T, Mirzaei Z, Ebrahimi A, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S. miR-449a: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Other Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9. [PMID: 38809350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an equal role in genetics. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are members of the ncRNA family, in post-transcriptional gene regulation is well-documented and has important implications for both normal and abnormal biological processes, such as angiogenesis, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to synthesize previous research on miR-449a by analyzing published results from various databases, as there have been a number of investigations on miR-449's potential involvement in the development of human disorders. Based on our findings, miR-449 is strongly dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, from various cancers to cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments, and respiratory diseases, and it may play a pivotal role in the development of these problems. In addition, miR-449a functions as a crucial regulator of the expression of several well-known genes, including E2F-3, BCL2, NOTCH1, and SOX4. This, in turn, modulates various pathways and processes related to cancer, including Notch, PI3K, and TGF-β, and contributes to the improvement of cancer drug sensitivity. Curiously, abnormalities in the expression of this miRNA may serve as diagnostic or prognostic indicators for distinguishing between healthy people and patients or to evaluate the survival rates for specific disorders. This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of miR-449a's role in human disease development through its regulation of gene expression and the biological processes related to these genes and their linked processes. In addition, we have covered the topic of miR-449a's potential as a clinical feature (diagnosis and prognosis) indicator for a range of disorders, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In general, our goal was to gain a thorough comprehension of the numerous functions of miR-449a in different disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Barati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zavvarian MM, Modi AD, Sadat S, Hong J, Fehlings MG. Translational Relevance of Secondary Intracellular Signaling Cascades Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5708. [PMID: 38891894 PMCID: PMC11172219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-threatening and life-altering condition that results in debilitating sensorimotor and autonomic impairments. Despite significant advances in the clinical management of traumatic SCI, many patients continue to suffer due to a lack of effective therapies. The initial mechanical injury to the spinal cord results in a series of secondary molecular processes and intracellular signaling cascades in immune, vascular, glial, and neuronal cell populations, which further damage the injured spinal cord. These intracellular cascades present promising translationally relevant targets for therapeutic intervention due to their high ubiquity and conservation across eukaryotic evolution. To date, many therapeutics have shown either direct or indirect involvement of these pathways in improving recovery after SCI. However, the complex, multifaceted, and heterogeneous nature of traumatic SCI requires better elucidation of the underlying secondary intracellular signaling cascades to minimize off-target effects and maximize effectiveness. Recent advances in transcriptional and molecular neuroscience provide a closer characterization of these pathways in the injured spinal cord. This narrative review article aims to survey the MAPK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Rho-ROCK, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT signaling cascades, in addition to providing a comprehensive overview of the involvement and therapeutic potential of these secondary intracellular pathways following traumatic SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Masoud Zavvarian
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Akshat D. Modi
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3J6, Canada
| | - Sarah Sadat
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - James Hong
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Michael G. Fehlings
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deschênes-Simard X, Malleshaiah M, Ferbeyre G. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases: One Pathway, Multiple Fates. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:95. [PMID: 38201521 PMCID: PMC10778234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of ERK signaling and the intricate mechanisms underlying distinct cellular fates. ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK) govern proliferation, transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, differentiation, senescence, or cell death, contingent upon activation strength, duration, and context. The biochemical mechanisms underlying these outcomes are inadequately understood, shaped by signaling feedback and the spatial localization of ERK activation. Generally, ERK activation aligns with the Goldilocks principle in cell fate determination. Inadequate or excessive ERK activity hinders cell proliferation, while balanced activation promotes both cell proliferation and survival. Unraveling the intricacies of how the degree of ERK activation dictates cell fate requires deciphering mechanisms encompassing protein stability, transcription factors downstream of ERK, and the chromatin landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deschênes-Simard
- Montreal University Hospital Center (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Mohan Malleshaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montreal Cancer Institute, CR-CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ram A, Murphy D, DeCuzzi N, Patankar M, Hu J, Pargett M, Albeck JG. A guide to ERK dynamics, part 2: downstream decoding. Biochem J 2023; 480:1909-1928. [PMID: 38038975 PMCID: PMC10754290 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Signaling by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway controls many cellular processes, including cell division, death, and differentiation. In this second installment of a two-part review, we address the question of how the ERK pathway exerts distinct and context-specific effects on multiple processes. We discuss how the dynamics of ERK activity induce selective changes in gene expression programs, with insights from both experiments and computational models. With a focus on single-cell biosensor-based studies, we summarize four major functional modes for ERK signaling in tissues: adjusting the size of cell populations, gradient-based patterning, wave propagation of morphological changes, and diversification of cellular gene expression states. These modes of operation are disrupted in cancer and other related diseases and represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. By understanding the dynamic mechanisms involved in ERK signaling, there is potential for pharmacological strategies that not only simply inhibit ERK, but also restore functional activity patterns and improve disease outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhineet Ram
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Devan Murphy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Nicholaus DeCuzzi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Madhura Patankar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Jason Hu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Michael Pargett
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - John G. Albeck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martin-Vega A, Cobb MH. Navigating the ERK1/2 MAPK Cascade. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1555. [PMID: 37892237 PMCID: PMC10605237 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The RAS-ERK pathway is a fundamental signaling cascade crucial for many biological processes including proliferation, cell cycle control, growth, and survival; common across all cell types. Notably, ERK1/2 are implicated in specific processes in a context-dependent manner as in stem cells and pancreatic β-cells. Alterations in the different components of this cascade result in dysregulation of the effector kinases ERK1/2 which communicate with hundreds of substrates. Aberrant activation of the pathway contributes to a range of disorders, including cancer. This review provides an overview of the structure, activation, regulation, and mutational frequency of the different tiers of the cascade; with a particular focus on ERK1/2. We highlight the importance of scaffold proteins that contribute to kinase localization and coordinate interaction dynamics of the kinases with substrates, activators, and inhibitors. Additionally, we explore innovative therapeutic approaches emphasizing promising avenues in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martin-Vega
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Melanie H. Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Della Corte M, Viggiano D. Wall Tension and Tubular Resistance in Kidney Cystic Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1750. [PMID: 37371845 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive formation of single or multiple cysts accompanies several renal diseases. Specifically, (i) genetic forms, such as adult dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and (ii) acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) are probably the most frequent forms of cystic diseases. Adult dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by multiple kidney cysts and systemic alterations. The genes responsible for the condition are known, and a large amount of literature focuses on the molecular description of the mechanism. The present manuscript shows that a multiscale approach that considers supramolecular physical phenomena captures the characteristics of both ADPKD and acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) from the pathogenetic and therapeutical point of view, potentially suggesting future treatments. We first review the hypothesis of cystogenesis in ADPKD and then focus on ACKD, showing that they share essential pathogenetic features, which can be explained by a localized obstruction of a tubule and/or an alteration of the tubular wall tension. The consequent tubular aneurysms (cysts) follow Laplace's law. Reviewing the public databases, we show that ADPKD genes are widely expressed in various organs, and these proteins interact with the extracellular matrix, thus potentially modifying wall tension. At the kidney and liver level, the authors suggest that altered cell polarity/secretion/proliferation produce tubular regions of high resistance to the urine/bile flow. The increased intratubular pressure upstream increases the difference between the inside (Pi) and the outside (Pe) of the tubules (∆P) and is counterbalanced by lower wall tension by a factor depending on the radius. The latter is a function of tubule length. In adult dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a minimal reduction in the wall tension may lead to a dilatation in the tubular segments along the nephron over the years. The initial increase in the tubule radius would then facilitate the progressive expansion of the cysts. In this regard, tubular cell proliferation may be, at least partially, a consequence of the progressive cysts' expansion. This theory is discussed in view of other diseases with reduced wall tension and with cysts and the therapeutic effects of vaptans, somatostatin, SGLT2 inhibitors, and potentially other therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Della Corte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Viggiano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yáñez-Gómez F, Ramos-Miguel A, García-Sevilla JA, Manzanares J, Femenía T. Regulation of Cortico-Thalamic JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathways in PDYN Gene-Deficient Mice Following Acute and Chronic Mild Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032303. [PMID: 36768626 PMCID: PMC9916432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the opioidergic system and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) has a critical role in mediating stress-induced behaviors related to the pathophysiology of anxiety. The present study evaluated the basal status and stress-induced alterations of cortico-thalamic MAPKs and other cell fate-related signaling pathways potentially underlying the anxiogenic endophenotype of PDYN gene-deficient mice. Compared to littermates, PDYN knockout (KO) mice had lower cortical and or thalamic amounts of the phospho-activated MAPKs c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Similarly, PDYN-KO animals displayed reduced cortico-thalamic densities of total and phosphorylated (at Ser191) species of the cell fate regulator Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) without alterations in the Fas receptor. Exposure to acute restraint and chronic mild stress stimuli induced the robust stimulation of JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs, FADD, and Akt-mTOR pathways, without apparent increases in apoptotic rates. Interestingly, PDYN deficiency prevented stress-induced JNK1/2 and FADD but not ERK1/2 or Akt-mTOR hyperactivations. These findings suggest that cortico-thalamic MAPK- and FADD-dependent neuroplasticity might be altered in PDYN-KO mice. In addition, the results also indicate that the PDYN gene (and hence dynorphin release) may be required to stimulate JNK1/2 and FADD (but not ERK1/2 or Akt/mTOR) pathways under environmental stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Yáñez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, IUNICS, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alfredo Ramos-Miguel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesús A. García-Sevilla
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, IUNICS, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Teresa Femenía
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Retention of ERK in the cytoplasm mediates the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 18:305-318. [PMID: 36563690 PMCID: PMC9860118 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic subcellular localization of ERK1/2 plays an important role in regulating cell fate. Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) involves inductive stimulation of ERK1/2, and therefore, inhibitors of the ERK cascade are used to maintain pluripotency. Interestingly, we found that in pluripotent mESCs, ERK1/2 do not translocate to the nucleus either before or after stimulation. This inhibition of nuclear translocation may be dependent on a lack of stimulated ERK1/2 interaction with importin7 rather than a lack of ERK1/2 phosphorylation activating translocation. At late stages of naive-to-primed transition, the action of the translocating machinery is restored, leading to elevation in ERK1/2-importin7 interaction and their nuclear translocation. Importantly, forcing ERK2 into the naive cells' nuclei accelerates their early differentiation, while prevention of the translocation restores stem cells' pluripotency. These results indicate that prevention of nuclear ERK1/2 translocation serves as a safety mechanism for keeping pluripotency of mESCs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Deb Roy A, Gross EG, Pillai GS, Seetharaman S, Etienne-Manneville S, Inoue T. Non-catalytic allostery in α-TAT1 by a phospho-switch drives dynamic microtubule acetylation. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213540. [PMID: 36222836 PMCID: PMC9565784 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202202100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporally dynamic microtubule acetylation underlies diverse physiological and pathological events. Despite its ubiquity, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the sole microtubule acetylating agent, α-tubulin-N-acetyltransferase-1 (α-TAT1), remain obscure. Here, we report that dynamic intracellular localization of α-TAT1 along with its catalytic activity determines efficiency of microtubule acetylation. Specifically, we newly identified a conserved signal motif in the intrinsically disordered C-terminus of α-TAT1, consisting of three competing regulatory elements-nuclear export, nuclear import, and cytosolic retention. Their balance is tuned via phosphorylation by CDK1, PKA, and CK2, and dephosphorylation by PP2A. While the unphosphorylated form binds to importins and resides both in cytosol and nucleus, the phosphorylated form binds to specific 14-3-3 adapters and accumulates in the cytosol for maximal substrate access. Unlike other molecules with a similar phospho-regulated signal motif, α-TAT1 uniquely uses the nucleus as a hideout. This allosteric spatial regulation of α-TAT1 function may help uncover a spatiotemporal code of microtubule acetylation in normal and aberrant cell behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Deb Roy
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Shailaja Seetharaman
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, Université Paris Cité, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691, Université Paris Cité, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
O’Shaughnessy WJ, Dewangan PS, Paiz EA, Reese ML. Not your Mother's MAPKs: Apicomplexan MAPK function in daughter cell budding. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010849. [PMID: 36227859 PMCID: PMC9560070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible phosphorylation by protein kinases is one of the core mechanisms by which biological signals are propagated and processed. Mitogen-activated protein kinases, or MAPKs, are conserved throughout eukaryotes where they regulate cell cycle, development, and stress response. Here, we review advances in our understanding of the function and biochemistry of MAPK signaling in apicomplexan parasites. As expected for well-conserved signaling modules, MAPKs have been found to have multiple essential roles regulating both Toxoplasma tachyzoite replication and sexual differentiation in Plasmodium. However, apicomplexan MAPK signaling is notable for the lack of the canonical kinase cascade that normally regulates the networks, and therefore must be regulated by a distinct mechanism. We highlight what few regulatory relationships have been established to date, and discuss the challenges to the field in elucidating the complete MAPK signaling networks in these parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J. O’Shaughnessy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pravin S. Dewangan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - E. Ariana Paiz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Reese
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tortosa E, Sengupta Ghosh A, Li Q, Wong WR, Hinkle T, Sandoval W, Rose CM, Hoogenraad CC. Stress-induced vesicular assemblies of dual leucine zipper kinase are signaling hubs involved in kinase activation and neurodegeneration. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110155. [PMID: 35611591 PMCID: PMC9289706 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) drive key signaling cascades during neuronal survival and degeneration. The localization of kinases to specific subcellular compartments is a critical mechanism to locally control signaling activity and specificity upon stimulation. However, how MAPK signaling components tightly control their localization remains largely unknown. Here, we systematically analyzed the phosphorylation and membrane localization of all MAPKs expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, under control and stress conditions. We found that MAP3K12/dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) becomes phosphorylated and palmitoylated, and it is recruited to sphingomyelin-rich vesicles upon stress. Stress-induced DLK vesicle recruitment is essential for kinase activation; blocking DLK-membrane interaction inhibits downstream signaling, while DLK recruitment to ectopic subcellular structures is sufficient to induce kinase activation. We show that the localization of DLK to newly formed vesicles is essential for local signaling. Inhibition of membrane internalization blocks DLK activation and protects against neurodegeneration in DRG neurons. These data establish vesicular assemblies as dynamically regulated platforms for DLK signaling during neuronal stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tortosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Qingling Li
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Weng Ruh Wong
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trent Hinkle
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Sandoval
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher M Rose
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gutierrez-Prat N, Zuberer HL, Mangano L, Karimaddini Z, Wolf L, Tyanova S, Wellinger LC, Marbach D, Griesser V, Pettazzoni P, Bischoff JR, Rohle D, Palladino C, Vivanco I. DUSP4 protects BRAF- and NRAS-mutant melanoma from oncogene overdose through modulation of MITF. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/9/e202101235. [PMID: 35580987 PMCID: PMC9113946 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MAPK inhibitors (MAPKi) remain an important component of the standard of care for metastatic melanoma. However, acquired resistance to these drugs limits their therapeutic benefit. Tumor cells can become refractory to MAPKi by reactivation of ERK. When this happens, tumors often become sensitive to drug withdrawal. This drug addiction phenotype results from the hyperactivation of the oncogenic pathway, a phenomenon commonly referred to as oncogene overdose. Several feedback mechanisms are involved in regulating ERK signaling. However, the genes that serve as gatekeepers of oncogene overdose in mutant melanoma remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that depletion of the ERK phosphatase, DUSP4, leads to toxic levels of MAPK activation in both drug-naive and drug-resistant mutant melanoma cells. Importantly, ERK hyperactivation is associated with down-regulation of lineage-defining genes including MITF Our results offer an alternative therapeutic strategy to treat mutant melanoma patients with acquired MAPKi resistance and those unable to tolerate MAPKi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Gutierrez-Prat
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hedwig L Zuberer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luca Mangano
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zahra Karimaddini
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luise Wolf
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefka Tyanova
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel Marbach
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vera Griesser
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Piergiorgio Pettazzoni
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James R Bischoff
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Chiara Palladino
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Oncology Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Igor Vivanco
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khandakar GI, Satoh R, Takasaki T, Fujitani K, Tanabe G, Sakai K, Nishio K, Sugiura R. ACAGT-007a, an ERK MAPK Signaling Modulator, in Combination with AKT Signaling Inhibition Induces Apoptosis in KRAS Mutant Pancreatic Cancer T3M4 and MIA-Pa-Ca-2 Cells. Cells 2022; 11:702. [PMID: 35203351 PMCID: PMC8869916 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways are dysregulated in various human cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has a very poor prognosis due to its lack of efficient therapies. We have previously identified ACAGT-007a (GT-7), an anti-cancer compound that kills ERK-active melanoma cells by inducing ERK-dependent apoptosis. Here, we investigated the apoptosis-inducing effect of GT-7 on three PDAC cell lines and its relevance with the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. GT-7 induced apoptosis in PDAC cells with different KRAS mutations (MIA-Pa-Ca-2 (KRAS G12C), T3M4 (KRAS Q61H), and PANC-1 (KRAS G12D)), being T3M4 most susceptible, followed by MIA-Pa-Ca-2, and PANC-1 was most resistant to apoptosis induction by GT-7. GT-7 stimulated ERK phosphorylation in the three PDAC cells, but only T3M4 displayed ERK-activation-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, GT-7 induced a marked down-regulation of AKT phosphorylation after a transient peak in T3M4, whereas PANC-1 displayed the strongest and most sustained AKT activation, followed by MIA-Pa-Ca-2, suggesting that sustained AKT phosphorylation as a determinant for the resistance to GT-7-mediated apoptosis. Consistently, a PI3K inhibitor, Wortmannin, abolished AKT phosphorylation and enhanced GT-7-mediated apoptosis in T3M4 and MIA-Pa-Ca-2, but not in PANC-1, which showed residual AKT phosphorylation. This is the first report that ERK stimulation alone or in combination with AKT signaling inhibition can effectively induce apoptosis in PDAC and provides a rationale for a novel concurrent targeting of the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golam Iftakhar Khandakar
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (G.I.K.); (R.S.); (T.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (G.I.K.); (R.S.); (T.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (G.I.K.); (R.S.); (T.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Kana Fujitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; (G.I.K.); (R.S.); (T.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Genzoh Tanabe
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan;
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka 589-8511, Japan; (K.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka 589-8511, Japan; (K.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Activating mutations in RAS genes are the most common genetic driver of human cancers. Yet, drugging this small GTPase has proven extremely challenging and therapeutic strategies targeting these recurrent alterations have long had limited success. To circumvent this difficulty, research has focused on the molecular dissection of the RAS pathway to gain a more-precise mechanistic understanding of its regulation, with the hope to identify new pharmacological approaches. Here, we review the current knowledge on the (dys)regulation of the RAS pathway, using melanoma as a paradigm. We first present a map of the main proteins involved in the RAS pathway, highlighting recent insights into their molecular roles and diverse mechanisms of regulation. We then overview genetic data pertaining to RAS pathway alterations in melanoma, along with insight into other cancers, that inform the biological function of members of the pathway. Finally, we describe the clinical implications of RAS pathway dysregulation in melanoma, discuss past and current approaches aimed at drugging the RAS pathway, and outline future opportunities for therapeutic development. Summary: This Review describes the molecular regulation of the RAS pathway, presents the clinical consequences of its pathological activation in human cancer, and highlights recent advances towards its therapeutic inhibition, using melanoma as an example.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Al Mahi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM U1052 CNRS UMR5286, Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity Department, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Julien Ablain
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM U1052 CNRS UMR5286, Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity Department, 69008 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ikedife J, He J, Wei Y. PEA-15 engages in allosteric interactions using a common scaffold in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2022; 12:116. [PMID: 34997083 PMCID: PMC8742051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, 15 kDa (PEA-15) is a death-effector domain (DED) containing protein involved in regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. In this molecular dynamics study, we examined how phosphorylation of the PEA-15 C-terminal tail residues, Ser-104 and Ser-116, allosterically mediates conformational changes of the DED and alters the binding specificity from extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) to Fas-associated death domain (FADD) protein. We delineated that the binding interfaces between the unphosphorylated PEA-15 and ERK2 and between the doubly phosphorylated PEA-15 and FADD are similarly composed of a scaffold that includes both the DED and the C-terminal tail residues of PEA-15. While the unphosphorylated serine residues do not directly interact with ERK2, the phosphorylated Ser-116 engages in strong electrostatic interactions with arginine residues on FADD DED. Upon PEA-15 binding, FADD repositions its death domain (DD) relative to the DED, an essential conformational change to allow the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ikedife
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA
| | - Jianlin He
- Ministry of Natural Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yufeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pan B, Zhan X, Li J. MicroRNA-574 Impacts Granulosa Cell Estradiol Production via Targeting TIMP3 and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:852127. [PMID: 35813635 PMCID: PMC9261285 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.852127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol represents a key steroid ovarian hormone that not only plays a vital role in ovarian follicular development but also is associated with many other reproductive functions. Our primary study revealed that miR-574 expression decreased in porcine granulosa cells during development from small to large follicles, and the increase of ERK1/2 phosphorylation accompanies this change. Since it has been well established that the ERK1/2 activity is tightly associated with granulosa cell functions, including ovarian hormone production, we thus further investigate if the miRNA is involved in the regulation of estradiol production in granulosa cells. We found that overexpression of miR-574 decreased phosphorylated ERK1/2 without affecting the level of ERK1/2 protein, and on the other hand, the inhibition of miR-574 increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 level (P<0.05); meanwhile, overexpression of miR-574 increased estradiol production but knockdown of miR-574 decreased estradiol level in granulosa cells. To further identify the potential mechanism involved in the miR-574 regulatory effect, in silico screening was performed and revealed a potential binding site on the 3'UTR region of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3). Our gain-, loss- of function experiments, and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that TIMP3 is indeed the target of miR-574 in granulosa cell. Furthermore, the siRNA TIMP3 knockdown resulted in decreased phosphorylated ERK1/2, and an increase in estradiol production. In contrast, the addition of recombinant TIMP3 increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 level and decreased estradiol production. In summary, our results suggest that the miR-574-TIMP3-pERK1/2 cascade may be one of the pathways by which microRNAs regulate granulosa cell estradiol production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xiaoshu Zhan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Julang Li
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Julang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Farina B, Pirone L, D’Abrosca G, Della Valle M, Russo L, Isernia C, Sassano M, Del Gatto A, Di Gaetano S, Zaccaro L, Malgieri G, Pedone EM, Fattorusso R. Screening a Molecular Fragment Library to Modulate the PED/PEA15-Phospholipase D1 Interaction in Cellular Lysate Environments. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2798-2807. [PMID: 34825823 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of PED/PEA15, the phosphoprotein enriched in diabetes/phosphoprotein enriched in the astrocytes 15 protein (here referred simply to as PED), observed in some forms of type II diabetes, reduces the transport of insulin-stimulated glucose by binding to the phospholipase D1 (PLD1). The inhibition of the PED/PLD1 interaction was shown to restore basal glucose transport, indicating PED as a pharmacological target for the development of drugs capable of improving insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. We here report the identification and selection of PED ligands by means of NMR screening of a library of small organic molecules, NMR characterization of the PED/PLD1 interaction in lysates of cells expressing PLD1, and modulation of such interactions using BPH03, the best selected ligand. Overall, we complement the available literature data by providing detailed information on the structural determinants of the PED/PLD1 interaction in a cellular lysate environment and indicate BPH03 as a precious scaffold for the development of novel compounds that are able to modulate such interactions with possible therapeutic applications in type II diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Farina
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano Pirone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianluca D’Abrosca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Della Valle
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luigi Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Carla Isernia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marica Sassano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Annarita Del Gatto
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sonia Di Gaetano
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Zaccaro
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gaetano Malgieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Emilia M. Pedone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania─L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Sarkar M, Martufi M, Roman-Trufero M, Wang YF, Whilding C, Dormann D, Sabbattini P, Dillon N. CNOT3 interacts with the Aurora B and MAPK/ERK kinases to promote survival of differentiating mesendodermal progenitor cells. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar40. [PMID: 34613789 PMCID: PMC8694085 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-02-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesendoderm cells are key intermediate progenitors that form at the early primitive streak (PrS) and give rise to mesoderm and endoderm in the gastrulating embryo. We have identified an interaction between CNOT3 and the cell cycle kinase Aurora B that requires sequences in the NOT box domain of CNOT3 and regulates MAPK/ERK signaling during mesendoderm differentiation. Aurora B phosphorylates CNOT3 at two sites located close to a nuclear localization signal and promotes localization of CNOT3 to the nuclei of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and metastatic lung cancer cells. ESCs that have both sites mutated give rise to embryoid bodies that are largely devoid of mesoderm and endoderm and are composed mainly of cells with ectodermal characteristics. The mutant ESCs are also compromised in their ability to differentiate into mesendoderm in response to FGF2, BMP4, and Wnt3 due to reduced survival and proliferation of differentiating mesendoderm cells. We also show that the double mutation alters the balance of interaction of CNOT3 with Aurora B and with ERK and reduces phosphorylation of ERK in response to FGF2. Our results identify a potential adaptor function for CNOT3 that regulates the Ras/MEK/ERK pathway during embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Sarkar
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Matteo Martufi
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Monica Roman-Trufero
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yi-Fang Wang
- Bioinformatics and Computing, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Chad Whilding
- Microscopy Facility, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dirk Dormann
- Microscopy Facility, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Niall Dillon
- Gene Regulation and Chromatin Group, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin T, Cheng H, Liu D, Wen L, Kang J, Xu L, Shan C, Chen Z, Li H, Lai M, Zhou Z, Hong W, Hu Q, Li S, Zhou C, Geng J, Jin X. A Novel Six Autophagy-Related Genes Signature Associated With Outcomes and Immune Microenvironment in Lower-Grade Glioma. Front Genet 2021; 12:698284. [PMID: 34721517 PMCID: PMC8548643 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.698284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since autophagy and the immune microenvironment are deeply involved in the tumor development and progression of Lower-grade gliomas (LGG), our study aimed to construct an autophagy-related risk model for prognosis prediction and investigate the relationship between the immune microenvironment and risk signature in LGG. Therefore, we identified six autophagy-related genes (BAG1, PTK6, EEF2, PEA15, ITGA6, and MAP1LC3C) to build in the training cohort (n = 305 patients) and verify the prognostic model in the validation cohort (n = 128) and the whole cohort (n = 433), based on the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The six-gene risk signature could divide LGG patients into high- and low-risk groups with distinct overall survival in multiple cohorts (all p < 0.001). The prognostic effect was assessed by area under the time-dependent ROC (t-ROC) analysis in the training, validation, and whole cohorts, in which the AUC value at the survival time of 5 years was 0.837, 0.755, and 0.803, respectively. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk model was an independent risk predictor of OS (HR > 1, p < 0.05). A nomogram including the traditional clinical parameters and risk signature was constructed, and t-ROC, C-index, and calibration curves confirmed its robust predictive capacity. KM analysis revealed a significant difference in the subgroup analyses' survival. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these autophagy-related signatures were mainly involved in the phagosome and immune-related pathways. Besides, we also found significant differences in immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy targets between risk groups. In conclusion, we built a powerful predictive signature and explored immune components (including immune cells and emerging immunotherapy targets) in LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Southern Medical University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junlin Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwen Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changguo Shan
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hainan Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyao Lai
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Hong
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Hu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqun Li
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiwu Geng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment/Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
ERK: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer. ERK-Dependent Apoptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102509. [PMID: 34685488 PMCID: PMC8533760 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes as exemplified by cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Activation of ERK1/2 generally promotes cell proliferation, and its deregulated activity is a hallmark of many cancers. Therefore, components and regulators of the ERK pathway are considered potential therapeutic targets for cancer, and inhibitors of this pathway, including some MEK and BRAF inhibitors, are already being used in the clinic. Notably, ERK1/2 kinases also have pro-apoptotic functions under certain conditions and enhanced ERK1/2 signaling can cause tumor cell death. Although the repertoire of the compounds which mediate ERK activation and apoptosis is expanding, and various anti-cancer compounds induce ERK activation while exerting their anti-proliferative effects, the mechanisms underlying ERK1/2-mediated cell death are still vague. Recent studies highlight the importance of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in determining the pro- versus anti-apoptotic function of ERK in cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent major findings in understanding the role of ERK in apoptosis, focusing on the major compounds mediating ERK-dependent apoptosis. Studies that further define the molecular targets of these compounds relevant to cell death will be essential to harnessing these compounds for developing effective cancer treatments.
Collapse
|
22
|
Nonphosphorylatable PEA15 mutant inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer partly through the regulation of IL-8 expression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 189:333-345. [PMID: 34241740 PMCID: PMC8357760 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype that lacks targeted therapies. Patients with TNBC have a very poor prognosis because the disease often metastasizes. New treatment approaches addressing drivers of metastasis and tumor growth are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Developing targeted gene therapy is thus a high priority for TNBC patients. PEA15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, 15 kDa) is known to bind to ERK, preventing ERK from being translocated to the nucleus and hence blocking its activity. The biological function of PEA15 is tightly regulated by its phosphorylation at Ser104 and Ser116. However, the function and impact of phosphorylation status of PEA15 in the regulation of TNBC metastasis and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are not well understood. Methods We established stable cell lines overexpressing nonphosphorylatable (PEA15-AA) and phospho-mimetic (PEA15-DD) mutants. To dissect specific cellular mechanisms regulated by PEA15 phosphorylation status, we performed RT-PCR immune and metastasis arrays. In vivo mouse models were used to determine the effects of PEA15 phosphorylation on tumor growth and metastasis. Results We found that the nonphosphorylatable mutant PEA15-AA prevented formation of mammospheres and expression of EMT markers in vitro and decreased tumor growth and lung metastasis in in vivo experiments when compared to control, PEA15-WT and phosphomimetic PEA15-DD. However, phosphomimetic mutant PEA15-DD promoted migration, mesenchymal marker expression, tumorigenesis, and lung metastasis in the mouse model. PEA15-AA-mediated inhibition of breast cancer cell migratory capacity and tumorigenesis was the partial result of decreased expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8). Further, we identified that expression of IL-8 was possibly mediated through one of the ERK downstream molecules, Ets-1. Conclusions Our results show that PEA15 phosphorylation status serves as an important regulator for PEA15’s dual role as an oncogene or tumor suppressor and support the potential of PEA15-AA as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of TNBC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10549-021-06316-2.
Collapse
|
23
|
Pudewell S, Wittich C, Kazemein Jasemi NS, Bazgir F, Ahmadian MR. Accessory proteins of the RAS-MAPK pathway: moving from the side line to the front line. Commun Biol 2021; 4:696. [PMID: 34103645 PMCID: PMC8187363 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Health and disease are directly related to the RTK-RAS-MAPK signalling cascade. After more than three decades of intensive research, understanding its spatiotemporal features is afflicted with major conceptual shortcomings. Here we consider how the compilation of a vast array of accessory proteins may resolve some parts of the puzzles in this field, as they safeguard the strength, efficiency and specificity of signal transduction. Targeting such modulators, rather than the constituent components of the RTK-RAS-MAPK signalling cascade may attenuate rather than inhibit disease-relevant signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Pudewell
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Neda S. Kazemein Jasemi
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Farhad Bazgir
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohammad R. Ahmadian
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Verschoor PJ, Greig FH, Rochford JJ, Levate G, Delibegovic M, Thompson D, Leeson-Payne A, Dekeryte R, Banks R, Ramos JW, Nixon GF. Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes (PEA)-15 is a novel regulator of adipose tissue expansion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6949. [PMID: 33772049 PMCID: PMC7997924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive expansion of adipose tissue in obesity typically leads to overflow and accumulation of lipids in other tissues, causing fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis. The intracellular protein, phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes (PEA)-15 has been linked to metabolic disease but its role in lipid storage has not been examined. To delineate the role of PEA-15 in adipose tissue, we placed PEA-15−/− mice on a high fat diet. These mice developed increased body weight and greater white adipose tissue expansion compared to high fat diet-fed wild type mice. This was due to increased adipocyte cell size in PEA-15−/− mice consistent with greater lipid storage capacity. Surprisingly, PEA-15−/− mice exhibited improvements in whole body insulin sensitivity, lower hepatic weight and decreased serum triglycerides indicating a protective phenotype. To determine effects on atherosclerosis, PEA-15−/− mice were crossed with the ApoE−/− mice on a high fat diet. Strikingly, these mice were protected from atherosclerosis and had less hepatic lipid accumulation despite increased adiposity. Therefore, we reveal for the first time that PEA-15 plays a novel role in regulating the expansion of adipose tissue. Decreasing PEA-15 expression increases the sequestering of lipids in adipose tissue, protecting other tissues in obesity, thereby improving metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pola J Verschoor
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Fiona H Greig
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Justin J Rochford
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.,Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Giovanni Levate
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Mirela Delibegovic
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Dawn Thompson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Ruta Dekeryte
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ruth Banks
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Joe W Ramos
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Graeme F Nixon
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barbosa R, Acevedo LA, Marmorstein R. The MEK/ERK Network as a Therapeutic Target in Human Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:361-374. [PMID: 33139506 PMCID: PMC7925338 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway is the most well-studied of the MAPK cascades and is critical for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Abnormalities in regulation resulting from mutations in components of this pathway, particularly in upstream proteins, RAS and RAF, are responsible for a significant fraction of human cancers and nearly all cutaneous melanomas. Activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by growth factors and various extracellular signals leads to the sequential activation of RAS, RAF, MEK, and finally ERK, which activates numerous transcription factors and facilitates oncogenesis in the case of aberrant pathway activation. While extensive studies have worked to elucidate the activation mechanisms and structural components of upstream MAPK components, comparatively less attention has been directed toward the kinases, MEK and ERK, due to the infrequency of oncogenic-activating mutations in these kinases. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major issue in the treatment of RAS- and RAF-mutated cancers. Targeting the terminal kinases in the MAPK cascade has shown promise for overcoming many of these resistance mechanisms and improving treatment options for patients with MAPK-aberrant cancers. Here, we will describe the role of MEK and ERK in MAPK signaling and summarize the current understanding of their interaction and activation mechanisms. We will also discuss existing approaches for targeting MEK and ERK, and the benefits of alternative strategies. Areas requiring further exploration will be highlighted to guide future research endeavors and aid in the development of alternative therapeutic strategies to combat surmounting drug resistance in treating MAPK-mediated cancers. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/3/361/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee Barbosa
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lucila A Acevedo
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Speidel JT, Affandi T, Jones DNM, Ferrara SE, Reyland ME. Functional proteomic analysis reveals roles for PKCδ in regulation of cell survival and cell death: Implications for cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Adv Biol Regul 2020; 78:100757. [PMID: 33045516 PMCID: PMC8294469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein Kinase C-δ (PKCδ), regulates a broad group of biological functions and disease processes, including well-defined roles in immune function, cell survival and apoptosis. PKCδ primarily regulates apoptosis in normal tissues and non-transformed cells, and genetic disruption of the PRKCD gene in mice is protective in many diseases and tissue damage models. However pro-survival/pro-proliferative functions have also been described in some transformed cells and in mouse models of cancer. Recent evidence suggests that the contribution of PKCδ to specific cancers may depend in part on the oncogenic context of the tumor, consistent with its paradoxical role in cell survival and cell death. Here we will discuss what is currently known about biological functions of PKCδ and potential paradigms for PKCδ function in cancer. To further understand mechanisms of regulation by PKCδ, and to gain insight into the plasticity of PKCδ signaling, we have used functional proteomics to identify pathways that are dependent on PKCδ. Understanding how these distinct functions of PKCδ are regulated will be critical for the logical design of therapeutics to target this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T Speidel
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, USA
| | - Trisiani Affandi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, USA
| | | | - Sarah E Ferrara
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mary E Reyland
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Zhong H, Bussan EL, Pang IH. Early phosphoproteomic changes in the retina following optic nerve crush. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113481. [PMID: 32971066 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death causes irreversible blindness in adult mammals. Death of RGC occurs in diseases including glaucoma or injuries to the optic nerve (ON). To investigate mechanisms involved in RGC degeneration, we evaluated the phosphoproteomic changes in the retina induced by ON injury. Intraorbital optic nerve crush (ONC) was performed in adult C57BL/6J mice. Retinas were collected at 0, 6, and 12 h following ONC. Retinal proteins labeled with CyDye-C2 were subject to 2D-PAGE, followed by phosphoprotein staining and in-gel/cross-gel image analysis. Proteins with significant changes in phosphorylation (ratios ≥1.2) in retinas of the injured eyes compared to the control eyes were spot-picked, tryptic digested, and peptide fragments were analyzed by MALDI-TOF (MS) and TOF/TOF (tandem MS/MS). Intraorbital ONC increased phosphorylation of many retinal proteins. Among them, 29 significantly phosphorylated proteins were identified. PANTHER analysis showed that these proteins are associated with a variety of protein classes, cellular components, biological processes and signaling pathways. One of the identified proteins, phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 (PEA15), was further validated by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Functions of PEA15 were determined in cultured astrocytes. PEA15 knockdown reduced astrocyte phagocytic activity but promoted cell migration. Long term PEA15 knockdown also decreased astrocyte ATP level. This study provides new insights into mechanisms of RGC degeneration after ON injury, as well as central nervous system (CNS) neurodegeneration, since the retina is an extension of the CNS. These new insights will lead to novel therapeutic targets for retinal and CNS neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| | - Huahong Zhong
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Ocular Trauma Treatment and Stem Cell Differentiation Public Service Platform of Shenzhen, Optometry College of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Emily L Bussan
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Iok-Hou Pang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bouhaddou M, Memon D, Meyer B, White KM, Rezelj VV, Correa Marrero M, Polacco BJ, Melnyk JE, Ulferts S, Kaake RM, Batra J, Richards AL, Stevenson E, Gordon DE, Rojc A, Obernier K, Fabius JM, Soucheray M, Miorin L, Moreno E, Koh C, Tran QD, Hardy A, Robinot R, Vallet T, Nilsson-Payant BE, Hernandez-Armenta C, Dunham A, Weigang S, Knerr J, Modak M, Quintero D, Zhou Y, Dugourd A, Valdeolivas A, Patil T, Li Q, Hüttenhain R, Cakir M, Muralidharan M, Kim M, Jang G, Tutuncuoglu B, Hiatt J, Guo JZ, Xu J, Bouhaddou S, Mathy CJP, Gaulton A, Manners EJ, Félix E, Shi Y, Goff M, Lim JK, McBride T, O'Neal MC, Cai Y, Chang JCJ, Broadhurst DJ, Klippsten S, De Wit E, Leach AR, Kortemme T, Shoichet B, Ott M, Saez-Rodriguez J, tenOever BR, Mullins RD, Fischer ER, Kochs G, Grosse R, García-Sastre A, Vignuzzi M, Johnson JR, Shokat KM, Swaney DL, Beltrao P, Krogan NJ. The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cell 2020; 182:685-712.e19. [PMID: 32645325 PMCID: PMC7321036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 177.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected millions and killed hundreds of thousands of people worldwide, highlighting an urgent need to develop antiviral therapies. Here we present a quantitative mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics survey of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero E6 cells, revealing dramatic rewiring of phosphorylation on host and viral proteins. SARS-CoV-2 infection promoted casein kinase II (CK2) and p38 MAPK activation, production of diverse cytokines, and shutdown of mitotic kinases, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Infection also stimulated a marked induction of CK2-containing filopodial protrusions possessing budding viral particles. Eighty-seven drugs and compounds were identified by mapping global phosphorylation profiles to dysregulated kinases and pathways. We found pharmacologic inhibition of the p38, CK2, CDK, AXL, and PIKFYVE kinases to possess antiviral efficacy, representing potential COVID-19 therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bouhaddou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Danish Memon
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bjoern Meyer
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Kris M White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Veronica V Rezelj
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Miguel Correa Marrero
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin J Polacco
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James E Melnyk
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Svenja Ulferts
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Robyn M Kaake
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jyoti Batra
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alicia L Richards
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Erica Stevenson
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David E Gordon
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ajda Rojc
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kirsten Obernier
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Fabius
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Margaret Soucheray
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Elena Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cassandra Koh
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Quang Dinh Tran
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Alexandra Hardy
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Rémy Robinot
- Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Thomas Vallet
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | | | - Claudia Hernandez-Armenta
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair Dunham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sebastian Weigang
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Julian Knerr
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Maya Modak
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Diego Quintero
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yuan Zhou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aurelien Dugourd
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alberto Valdeolivas
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Trupti Patil
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qiongyu Li
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Merve Cakir
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Monita Muralidharan
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Minkyu Kim
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Jang
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Beril Tutuncuoglu
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph Hiatt
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey Z Guo
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jiewei Xu
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sophia Bouhaddou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christopher J P Mathy
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Anna Gaulton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma J Manners
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eloy Félix
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Shi
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Marisa Goff
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emmie De Wit
- NIH/NIAID/Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Andrew R Leach
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tanja Kortemme
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brian Shoichet
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Melanie Ott
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - R Dyche Mullins
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | | | - Georg Kochs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79008, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79008, Germany; Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France.
| | - Jeffery R Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
| | - Danielle L Swaney
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Pedro Beltrao
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu PK, Becker A, Park JI. Growth Inhibitory Signaling of the Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155436. [PMID: 32751750 PMCID: PMC7432891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to extracellular stimuli, the Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway regulates diverse cellular processes. While mainly known as a mitogenic signaling pathway, the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway can mediate not only cell proliferation and survival but also cell cycle arrest and death in different cell types. Growing evidence suggests that the cell fate toward these paradoxical physiological outputs may be determined not only at downstream effector levels but also at the pathway level, which involves the magnitude of pathway activity, spatial-temporal regulation, and non-canonical functions of the molecular switches in this pathway. This review discusses recent updates on the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathway-mediated growth inhibitory signaling, with a major focus on the regulation mediated at the pathway level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Kei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
- Correspondence: (P.-K.W.); (J.-I.P.)
| | - Andrew Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence: (P.-K.W.); (J.-I.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vilgelm AE, Saleh N, Shattuck-Brandt R, Riemenschneider K, Slesur L, Chen SC, Johnson CA, Yang J, Blevins A, Yan C, Johnson DB, Al-Rohil RN, Halilovic E, Kauffmann RM, Kelley M, Ayers GD, Richmond A. MDM2 antagonists overcome intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition by inducing p21. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/505/eaav7171. [PMID: 31413145 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav7171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic resistance of unknown mechanism impedes the clinical utility of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6i) in malignancies other than breast cancer. Here, we used melanoma patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) to study the mechanisms for CDK4/6i resistance in preclinical settings. We observed that melanoma PDXs resistant to CDK4/6i frequently displayed activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway, and inhibition of this pathway improved CDK4/6i response in a p21-dependent manner. We showed that a target of p21, CDK2, was necessary for proliferation in CDK4/6i-treated cells. Upon treatment with CDK4/6i, melanoma cells up-regulated cyclin D1, which sequestered p21 and another CDK inhibitor, p27, leaving a shortage of p21 and p27 available to bind and inhibit CDK2. Therefore, we tested whether induction of p21 in resistant melanoma cells would render them responsive to CDK4/6i. Because p21 is transcriptionally driven by p53, we coadministered CDK4/6i with a murine double minute (MDM2) antagonist to stabilize p53, allowing p21 accumulation. This resulted in improved antitumor activity in PDXs and in murine melanoma. Furthermore, coadministration of CDK4/6 and MDM2 antagonists with standard of care therapy caused tumor regression. Notably, the molecular features associated with response to CDK4/6 and MDM2 inhibitors in PDXs were recapitulated by an ex vivo organotypic slice culture assay, which could potentially be adopted in the clinic for patient stratification. Our findings provide a rationale for cotargeting CDK4/6 and MDM2 in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nabil Saleh
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca Shattuck-Brandt
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kelsie Riemenschneider
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern, Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren Slesur
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sheau-Chiann Chen
- Division of Cancer Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Center for Quantitative Sciences, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - C Andrew Johnson
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jinming Yang
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ashlyn Blevins
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chi Yan
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rami N Al-Rohil
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ensar Halilovic
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rondi M Kauffmann
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mark Kelley
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gregory D Ayers
- Division of Cancer Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Center for Quantitative Sciences, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim JE, Park H, Lee JE, Kang TC. Blockade of 67-kDa Laminin Receptor Facilitates AQP4 Down-Regulation and BBB Disruption via ERK1/2-and p38 MAPK-Mediated PI3K/AKT Activations. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071670. [PMID: 32664509 PMCID: PMC7407797 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have reported that dysfunctions of 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) induced by status epilepticus (SE, a prolonged seizure activity) and 67LR neutralization are involved in vasogenic edema formation, accompanied by the reduced aquaporin 4 (AQP4, an astroglial specific water channel) expression in the rat piriform cortex (PC). In the present study, we found that the blockade of 67LR activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathways, which enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT phosphorylations in endothelial cells and astrocytes, respectively. 67LR-p38 MAPK-PI3K-AKT activation in endothelial cells increased vascular permeability. In contrast, 67LR-ERK1/2-PI3K-AKT signaling pathways in astrocytes regulated astroglial viability and AQP4 expression. These findings indicate that PI3K/AKT may integrate p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways to regulate AQP4 expression when 67LR functionality is reduced. Thus, we suggest that 67LR-p38 MAPK/ERK1/2-PI3K-AKT-AQP4 signaling cascades may mediate serum extravasation and AQP4 expression in astroglio-vascular systems, which is one of the considerable therapeutic targets for vasogenic edema in various neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (H.P.); (J.-E.L.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hana Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (H.P.); (J.-E.L.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (H.P.); (J.-E.L.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Tae-Cheon Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (H.P.); (J.-E.L.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2524; Fax: +82-33-248-2525
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen YH, Wang NN, Zhang JB, Zheng Y, Li XB. Genome-wide identification of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) reveals GhMPK6 involved in fiber elongation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:391-407. [PMID: 32193788 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-00999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important in regulating plant development as well as stress response. In this study, we genome-widely identified 56 MAPK genes in upland cotton. These MAPK genes unequally distribute on 22 chromosomes of cotton genome, but no MAPK gene is located on At_Chr6, Dt_Chr6, At_Chr13 and Dt_Chr13. The exons and introns in GhMAPK gene family vary widely at the position, number and length. Furthermore, GhMAPK family can be divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), and the TEY type of T-loop exists in three groups (A, B and C), but the TDY type of T-loop is only in group D. Further study revealed that some GhMAPK genes (including GhMPK6) are preferentially expressed in elongating fibers. GhMPK6 maintains a high phosphorylation level in elongating fibers, and its phosphorylation was enhanced in fibers by phytohormones brassinosteroid (BR), ethylene and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Additionally, GhMPK6 could interact with GhMKK2-2 and GhMKK4, suggesting that GhMKK2-2/4-GhMPK6 module may be involved in phosphorylation of its downstream proteins for regulating fiber elongation of cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wosika V, Pelet S. Single-particle imaging of stress-promoters induction reveals the interplay between MAPK signaling, chromatin and transcription factors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3171. [PMID: 32576833 PMCID: PMC7311541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of gene expression in response to environmental changes is crucial for cell survival, adaptation and proliferation. In eukaryotic cells, extracellular signal integration is often carried out by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK). Despite a robust MAPK signaling activity, downstream gene expression can display a great variability between single cells. Using a live mRNA reporter, here we monitor the dynamics of transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon hyper-osmotic shock. We find that the transient activity of the MAPK Hog1 opens a temporal window where stress-response genes can be activated. We show that the first minutes of Hog1 activity are essential to control the activation of a promoter. Chromatin repression on a locus slows down this transition and contributes to the variability in gene expression, while binding of transcription factors increases the level of transcription. However, soon after Hog1 activity peaks, negative regulators promote chromatin closure of the locus and transcription progressively stops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Wosika
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serge Pelet
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
ERK signalling: a master regulator of cell behaviour, life and fate. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:607-632. [PMID: 32576977 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The proteins extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 are the downstream components of a phosphorelay pathway that conveys growth and mitogenic signals largely channelled by the small RAS GTPases. By phosphorylating widely diverse substrates, ERK proteins govern a variety of evolutionarily conserved cellular processes in metazoans, the dysregulation of which contributes to the cause of distinct human diseases. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of ERK1 and ERK2, their mode of action and their impact on the development and homeostasis of various organisms have been the focus of much attention for nearly three decades. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding of this important class of kinases. We begin with a brief overview of the structure, regulation, substrate recognition and subcellular localization of ERK1 and ERK2. We then systematically discuss how ERK signalling regulates six fundamental cellular processes in response to extracellular cues. These processes are cell proliferation, cell survival, cell growth, cell metabolism, cell migration and cell differentiation.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu C, Pan B, Yang L, Wang B, Li J. Beta defensin 3 enhances ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and migration via ERK1/2 pathway in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1057-1065. [PMID: 30445521 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as host defense peptides that possess bactericidal activity as well as immunomodulatory function. However, the role of AMP in the mammalian ovary is unknown. In the present study, porcine granulosa cells were utilized in a cell model to study the role of porcine beta defensin 2 (pBD2; pDEFB4B) and 3 (pBD3; pDEFB103A) during ovarian follicular development. Granulosa cells were cultured in the absence and presence of 1, 10, and 50 μg/ml of pDEFB4B or pDEFB103A. After 24 h of treatment, pDEFB103A but not pDEFB4B stimulated granulosa cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). This effect was dependent on the stage of follicular development. In addition, transwell cell migration assay showed that in the presence of pDEFB103A (10 μg/ml), a 2.5-fold increase in cell migration was achieved. Furthermore, further study revealed that pDEFB103A increased the mRNA levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), both associated with cell proliferation. To study the potential pathway involved in pDEFB103A-induced cell proliferation and migration, western blots were performed. It was found that pDEFB103A significantly increased the phosphorylated-ERK1/2 to nonphosphorylated ratio. Moreover, pretreatment with the U0126, a specific ERK1/2 phosphorylation inhibitor, suppressed PDEFB103A inducing GCs ERK1/2 phosphorylation, as well as proliferation and migration, suggesting that PDEFB103A may act via activating the ERK1/2 pathway. Furthermore, using a signal transduction pathway Elk-1 trans-reporting system, the activation of ERK1/2 pathway by PDEFB103A was further confirmed. Our data suggest that AMP may play a physiological role in the mammalian ovary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canying Liu
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Lu Yang
- Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingyun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Julang Li
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lord CJ, Quinn N, Ryan CJ. Integrative analysis of large-scale loss-of-function screens identifies robust cancer-associated genetic interactions. eLife 2020; 9:e58925. [PMID: 32463358 PMCID: PMC7289598 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic interactions, including synthetic lethal effects, can now be systematically identified in cancer cell lines using high-throughput genetic perturbation screens. Despite this advance, few genetic interactions have been reproduced across multiple studies and many appear highly context-specific. Here, by developing a new computational approach, we identified 220 robust driver-gene associated genetic interactions that can be reproduced across independent experiments and across non-overlapping cell line panels. Analysis of these interactions demonstrated that: (i) oncogene addiction effects are more robust than oncogene-related synthetic lethal effects; and (ii) robust genetic interactions are enriched among gene pairs whose protein products physically interact. Exploiting the latter observation, we used a protein-protein interaction network to identify robust synthetic lethal effects associated with passenger gene alterations and validated two new synthetic lethal effects. Our results suggest that protein-protein interaction networks can be used to prioritise therapeutic targets that will be more robust to tumour heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lord
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre and Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Niall Quinn
- School of Computer Science and Systems Biology Ireland, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Colm J Ryan
- School of Computer Science and Systems Biology Ireland, University College DublinDublinIreland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mattei JC, Bouvier-Labit C, Barets D, Macagno N, Chocry M, Chibon F, Morando P, Rochwerger RA, Duffaud F, Olschwang S, Salas S, Jiguet-Jiglaire C. Pan Aurora Kinase Inhibitor: A Promising Targeted-Therapy in Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas With Differential Efficiency Depending on Sarcoma Molecular Profile. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E583. [PMID: 32138169 PMCID: PMC7139289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) are rare and aggressive tumours. Their classification includes numerous histological subtypes of frequent poor prognosis. Liposarcomas (LPS) are the most frequent type among them, and the aggressiveness and deep localization of dedifferentiated LPS are linked to high levels of recurrence. Current treatments available today lead to five-year overall survival has remained stuck around 60%-70% for the past three decades. Here, we highlight a correlation between Aurora kinasa A (AURKA) and AURKB mRNA overexpression and a low metastasis - free survival. AURKA and AURKB expression analysis at genomic and protein level on a 9-STS cell lines panel highlighted STS heterogeneity, especially in LPS subtype. AURKA and AURKB inhibition by RNAi and drug targeting with AMG 900, a pan Aurora Kinase inhibitor, in four LPS cell lines reduces cell survival and clonogenic proliferation, inducing apoptosis and polyploidy. When combined with doxorubicin, the standard treatment in STS, aurora kinases inhibitor can be considered as an enhancer of standard treatment or as an independent drug. Kinome analysis suggested its effect was linked to the inhibition of the MAP-kinase pathway, with differential drug resistance profiles depending on molecular characteristics of the tumor. Aurora Kinase inhibition by AMG 900 could be a promising therapy in STS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Camille Mattei
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital Nord, Service d'Orthopédie et traumatologie, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Bouvier-Labit
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France; (D.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Doriane Barets
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France; (D.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicolas Macagno
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France; (D.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Mathieu Chocry
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (P.M.)
| | | | - Philippe Morando
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Richard Alexandre Rochwerger
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital Nord, Service d'Orthopédie et traumatologie, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Florence Duffaud
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Oncologie adulte, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sylviane Olschwang
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Département de Génétique Médicale, 13005 Marseille, France
- Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Clairval, Institut de Cancérologie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Salas
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, 13005 Marseille, France; (J.C.M.); (C.B.-L.); (R.A.R.); (F.D.); (S.O.); (S.S.)
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Oncologie adulte, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Carine Jiguet-Jiglaire
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France; (D.B.); (N.M.)
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.C.); (P.M.)
- APHM, Centre de Ressources Biologiques, 13005 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Non-Phosphorylatable PEA-15 Sensitises SKOV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cisplatin. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020515. [PMID: 32102425 PMCID: PMC7072772 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer is often limited by the development of drug resistance. In most ovarian cancer cells, cisplatin activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signalling. Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes (PEA-15) is a ubiquitously expressed protein, capable of sequestering ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm and inhibiting cell proliferation. This and other functions of PEA-15 are regulated by its phosphorylation status. In this study, the relevance of PEA-15 phosphorylation state for cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian carcinoma cells was examined. The results of MTT-assays indicated that overexpression of PEA-15AA (a non-phosphorylatable variant) sensitised SKOV-3 cells to cisplatin. Phosphomimetic PEA-15DD did not affect cell sensitivity to the drug. While PEA-15DD facilitates nuclear translocation of activated ERK1/2, PEA-15AA acts to sequester the kinase in the cytoplasm as shown by Western blot. Microarray data indicated deregulation of thirteen genes in PEA-15AA-transfected cells compared to non-transfected or PEA-15DD-transfected variants. Data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) showed that the expression of seven of these genes including EGR1 (early growth response protein 1) and FLNA (filamin A) significantly correlated with the therapy outcome in cisplatin-treated cancer patients. Further analysis indicated the relevance of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) signalling for the favourable effect of PEA-15AA on cisplatin sensitivity. The results warrant further evaluation of the PEA-15 phosphorylation status as a potential candidate biomarker of response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
39
|
Validation of mouse phosphoprotein enriched in astrocyte 15 (mPEA15) expressing transgenic pig as a potential model in diabetes translational research. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:34. [PMID: 31988828 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-2021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of mPEA15 expressing transgenic pig (TG pig) as a potential model for diabetes. Expression analysis confirmed the ubiquitous expression of mPEA15 in TG pigs at F4. Oral glucose tolerance test results showed that restoration of normal glucose levels was significantly delayed in the TG pigs when compared with that in the wild-type pigs (WT pigs). Primary skeletal muscle cells isolated from TG pigs demonstrated reduced glucose uptake and reduced GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in response to insulin treatment. Combined, these results suggest that mPEA15 expressing pigs has a glucose intolerance and insulin resistance which are known to mediate the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, mPEA15 transgenic pigs would serve as a promising model for diabetes translational research.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lu N, Malemud CJ. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase: A Regulator of Cell Growth, Inflammation, Chondrocyte and Bone Cell Receptor-Mediated Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153792. [PMID: 31382554 PMCID: PMC6696446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family of signaling molecules. ERK is predominantly found in two forms, ERK1 (p44) and ERK2 (p42), respectively. There are also several atypical forms of ERK, including ERK3, ERK4, ERK5 and ERK7. The ERK1/2 signaling pathway has been implicated in many and diverse cellular events, including proliferation, growth, differentiation, cell migration, cell survival, metabolism and transcription. ERK1/2 is activated (i.e., phosphorylated) in the cytosol and subsequently translocated to the nucleus, where it activates transcription factors including, but not limited to, ETS, c-Jun, and Fos. It is not surprising that the ERK1/2 signaling cascade has been implicated in many pathological conditions, namely, cancer, arthritis, chronic inflammation, and osteoporosis. This narrative review examines many of the cellular events in which the ERK1/2 signaling cascade plays a critical role. It is anticipated that agents designed to inhibit ERK1/2 activation or p-ERK1/2 activity will be developed for the treatment of those diseases characterized by dysregulated gene expression through ERK1/2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Charles J Malemud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Crespo-Flores SL, Cabezas A, Hassan S, Wei Y. PEA-15 C-Terminal Tail Allosterically Modulates Death-Effector Domain Conformation and Facilitates Protein-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133335. [PMID: 31284641 PMCID: PMC6651876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, 15 kDa (PEA-15) exerts its regulatory roles on several critical cellular pathways through protein–protein interactions depending on its phosphorylation states. It can either inhibit the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activities when it is dephosphorylated or block the assembly of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and the subsequent activation of apoptotic initiator, caspase-8, when it is phosphorylated. Due to the important roles of PEA-15 in regulating these pathways that lead to opposite cellular outcomes (cell proliferation vs. cell death), we proposed a phosphostasis (phosphorylation homeostasis) model, in which the phosphorylation states of the protein are vigorously controlled and regulated to maintain a delicate balance. The phosphostasis gives rise to the protective cellular functions of PEA-15 to preserve optimum cellular conditions. In this article, using advanced multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques combined with a novel chemical shift (CS)-Rosetta algorithm for de novo protein structural determination, we report a novel conformation of PEA-15 death-effector domain (DED) upon interacting with ERK2. This new conformation is modulated by the irregularly structured C-terminal tail when it first recognizes and binds to ERK2 at the d-peptide recruitment site (DRS) in an allosteric manner, and is facilitated by the rearrangement of the surface electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions on the DED. In this ERK2-bound conformation, three of the six helices (α2, α3, and α4) comprising the DED reorient substantially in comparison to the free-form structure, exposing key residues on the other three helices that directly interact with ERK2 at the DEF-docking site (docking site for ERK, FxF) and the activation loop. Additionally, we provide evidence that the phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail leads to a distinct conformation of DED, allowing efficient interactions with Fas-associated death domain (FADD) protein at the DISC. Our results substantiate the allosteric regulatory roles of the C-terminal tail in modulating DED conformation and facilitating protein–protein interactions of PEA-15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andres Cabezas
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ 07305-1596, USA
| | - Sherouk Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ 07305-1596, USA
| | - Yufeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ 07305-1596, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Olea-Flores M, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Rodríguez-Ruiz HA, Castañeda-Saucedo E, Ortuño-Pineda C, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Extracellular-Signal Regulated Kinase: A Central Molecule Driving Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2885. [PMID: 31200510 PMCID: PMC6627365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible cellular process, characterized by changes in gene expression and activation of proteins, favoring the trans-differentiation of the epithelial phenotype to a mesenchymal phenotype. This process increases cell migration and invasion of tumor cells, progression of the cell cycle, and resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy, all of which support tumor progression. One of the signaling pathways involved in tumor progression is the MAPK pathway. Within this family, the ERK subfamily of proteins is known for its contributions to EMT. The ERK subfamily is divided into typical (ERK 1/2/5), and atypical (ERK 3/4/7/8) members. These kinases are overexpressed and hyperactive in various types of cancer. They regulate diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy, and EMT. In this context, in vitro and in vivo assays, as well as studies in human patients, have shown that ERK favors the expression, function, and subcellular relocalization of various proteins that regulate EMT, thus promoting tumor progression. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic roles of the ERK subfamily members in EMT and tumor progression in diverse biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Miriam Daniela Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Angel Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Chilpancingo, Gro. 39090, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sammons RM, Ghose R, Tsai KY, Dalby KN. Targeting ERK beyond the boundaries of the kinase active site in melanoma. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1551-1570. [PMID: 31190430 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) constitute a point of convergence for complex signaling events that regulate essential cellular processes, including proliferation and survival. As such, dysregulation of the ERK signaling pathway is prevalent in many cancers. In the case of BRAF-V600E mutant melanoma, ERK inhibition has emerged as a viable clinical approach to abrogate signaling through the ERK pathway, even in cases where MEK and Raf inhibitor treatments fail to induce tumor regression due to resistance mechanisms. Several ERK inhibitors that target the active site of ERK have reached clinical trials, however, many critical ERK interactions occur at other potentially druggable sites on the protein. Here we discuss the role of ERK signaling in cell fate, in driving melanoma, and in resistance mechanisms to current BRAF-V600E melanoma treatments. We explore targeting ERK via a distinct site of protein-protein interaction, known as the D-recruitment site (DRS), as an alternative or supplementary mode of ERK pathway inhibition in BRAF-V600E melanoma. Targeting the DRS with inhibitors in melanoma has the potential to not only disrupt the catalytic apparatus of ERK but also its noncatalytic functions, which have significant impacts on spatiotemporal signaling dynamics and cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Sammons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Ranajeet Ghose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.,Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zaballos MA, Acuña-Ruiz A, Morante M, Crespo P, Santisteban P. Regulators of the RAS-ERK pathway as therapeutic targets in thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:R319-R344. [PMID: 30978703 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is mostly an ERK-driven carcinoma, as up to 70% of thyroid carcinomas are caused by mutations that activate the RAS/ERK mitogenic signaling pathway. The incidence of thyroid cancer has been steadily increasing for the last four decades; yet, there is still no effective treatment for advanced thyroid carcinomas. Current research efforts are focused on impairing ERK signaling with small-molecule inhibitors, mainly at the level of BRAF and MEK. However, despite initial promising results in animal models, the clinical success of these inhibitors has been limited by the emergence of tumor resistance and relapse. The RAS/ERK pathway is an extremely complex signaling cascade with multiple points of control, offering many potential therapeutic targets: from the modulatory proteins regulating the activation state of RAS proteins to the scaffolding proteins of the pathway that provide spatial specificity to the signals, and finally, the negative feedbacks and phosphatases responsible for inactivating the pathway. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the biology of RAS/ERK regulators in human cancer highlighting relevant information on thyroid cancer and future areas of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Zaballos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Acuña-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Morante
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Piero Crespo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Maik-Rachline G, Hacohen-Lev-Ran A, Seger R. Nuclear ERK: Mechanism of Translocation, Substrates, and Role in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051194. [PMID: 30857244 PMCID: PMC6429060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK) are central signaling components that regulate stimulated cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation. When dysregulated, these kinases participate in the induction and maintenance of various pathologies, primarily cancer. While ERK is localized in the cytoplasm of resting cells, many of its substrates are nuclear, and indeed, extracellular stimulation induces a rapid and robust nuclear translocation of ERK. Similarly to other signaling components that shuttle to the nucleus upon stimulation, ERK does not use the canonical importinα/β mechanism of nuclear translocation. Rather, it has its own unique nuclear translocation signal (NTS) that interacts with importin7 to allow stimulated shuttling via the nuclear pores. Prevention of the nuclear translocation inhibits proliferation of B-Raf- and N/K-Ras-transformed cancers. This effect is distinct from the one achieved by catalytic Raf and MEK inhibitors used clinically, as cells treated with the translocation inhibitors develop resistance much more slowly. In this review, we describe the mechanism of ERK translocation, present all its nuclear substrates, discuss its role in cancer and compare its translocation to the translocation of other signaling components. We also present proof of principle data for the use of nuclear ERK translocation as an anti-cancer target. It is likely that the prevention of nuclear ERK translocation will eventually serve as a way to combat Ras and Raf transformed cancers with less side-effects than the currently used drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galia Maik-Rachline
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Avital Hacohen-Lev-Ran
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhao J, Liu Y, Lin F, Wang W, Yang S, Ge Y, Chen PR. Bioorthogonal Engineering of Bacterial Effectors for Spatial-Temporal Modulation of Cell Signaling. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:145-152. [PMID: 30693333 PMCID: PMC6346392 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The complicated and entangled cell signaling network is dynamically regulated by a wide array of enzymes such as kinases. It remains desirable but challenging to specifically modulate individual, endogenous kinases within a cell, particularly in a spatial-temporally controlled fashion. Current strategies toward regulating the intracellular functions of a kinase of interest either lack specificity or require genetic engineering that may perturb its physiological activity. Herein, we harnessed a bacterial effector OspF for optical and chemical modulation of the endogenous mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in living cells and mice. The phospho-lyase OspF provided high specificity and spatial resolution toward the desired kinase such as the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), while the genetically encoded bioorthogonal decaging strategy enabled its temporal activation in living systems. The photocaged OspF (OspF*) was applied to dissect the subcellular signaling roles of ERK in nucleus as opposed to cytoplasm, while the chemically caged OspF (OspFc) was introduced into living mice to modulate ERK-mediated gene expression. Finally, our spatially and chemically controlled OspFc was further used to precisely tune immune responses in T cells. Together, our bioorthogonal engineering strategy on bacterial effectors offers a general tool to modulate cell signaling with high specificity and spatial-temporal resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weixia Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Yang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun Ge
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng R. Chen
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Flores K, Yadav SS, Katz AA, Seger R. The Nuclear Translocation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases: Molecular Mechanisms and Use as Novel Therapeutic Target. Neuroendocrinology 2019; 108:121-131. [PMID: 30261516 DOI: 10.1159/000494085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are central signaling pathways that play a central role in the regulation of most stimulated cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, stress response and apoptosis. Currently 4 such cascades are known, each termed by its downstream MAPK components: the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), cJun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 and ERK5. One of the hallmarks of these cascades is the stimulated nuclear translocation of their MAPK components using distinct mechanisms. ERK1/2 are shuttled into the nucleus by importin7, JNK and p38 by a dimer of importin3 with either importin9 or importin7, and ERK5 by importin-α/β. Dysregulation of these cascades often results in diseases, including cancer and inflammation, as well as developmental and neurological disorders. Much effort has been invested over the years in developing inhibitors to the MAPK cascades to combat these diseases. Although some inhibitors are already in clinical use or clinical trials, their effects are hampered by development of resistance or adverse side-effects. Recently, our group developed 2 myristoylated peptides: EPE peptide, which inhibits the interaction of ERK1/2 with importin7, and PERY peptide, which prevents JNK/p38 interaction with either importin7 or importin9. These peptides block the nuclear translocation of their corresponding kinases, resulting in prevention of several cancers, while the PERY peptide also inhibits inflammation-induced diseases. These peptides provide a proof of concept for the use of the nuclear translocation of MAPKs as therapeutic targets for cancer and/or inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Flores
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suresh Singh Yadav
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arieh A Katz
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chaganti LK, Venkatakrishnan N, Bose K. An efficient method for FITC labelling of proteins using tandem affinity purification. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181764. [PMID: 30413608 PMCID: PMC6294648 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence-based assays are extremely diverse, sensitive and robust experimental methods for investigating the conformational changes, enzyme kinetics, dynamics and molecular interactions. A prerequisite for most of these experimental approaches is to label the protein of interest with one or more extrinsic fluorophores with desired photophysical properties. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), due to its high quantum efficiency and conjugate stability, is most widely used fluorescence labelling reagent for such experimental approaches. However, the bottlenecks in this labelling reaction is requirement of high protein concentration, maintenance of protein stability during the labelling process as well as high background fluorescence due to ineffective removal of unreacted FITC, prior to fluorescence studies. Therefore, to overcome these inadequacies or limitations, we have modified the existing protocol by introducing tandem affinity purification tags at the N- and C-terminus of target protein. Using this modified method, we have efficiently labelled target protein with significant decrease in precipitation, degradation and background fluorescence of unreacted FITC. This facile and rapid technique may also be used as a basis for labelling procedures with other fluorophores and hence has a broad application in spectroscopic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalith K Chaganti
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Navneet Venkatakrishnan
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Kakoli Bose
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Salort G, Álvaro-Bartolomé M, García-Sevilla JA. Pentobarbital and other anesthetic agents induce opposite regulations of MAP kinases p-MEK and p-ERK, and upregulate p-FADD/FADD neuroplastic index in brain during hypnotic states in mice. Neurochem Int 2018; 122:59-72. [PMID: 30423425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Midazolam and ketamine-induced anesthesia were recently shown to induce a disruption of MEK/ERK sequential phosphorylation with parallel upregulation of p-FADD in the mouse brain. The present study was designed to assess whether other structurally diverse anesthetic agents (pentobarbital, ethanol, chloral hydrate, isoflurane) also impair brain p-MEK to p-ERK signal and increase p-FADD during the particular time course of 'sleep' in mice. Pentobarbital (50 mg/kg)-, ethanol (4000 mg/kg)-, chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg)-, and isoflurane (2% in O2)-induced anesthesia (range: 24-60 min) were associated with unaltered or increased p-MEK1/2 (up to +155%) and decreased p-ERK1/2 (up to -60%) contents, revealing disruption of MEK to ERK activation in mouse brain cortex. These anesthetic agents also upregulated cortical p-FADD (up to +110%), but not total FADD (moderately decreased), which resulted in increased neuroplastic/survival p-FADD/FADD ratios (up to +2.8 fold). The inhibition of pentobarbital metabolism with SKF525-A (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) augmented barbiturate anesthesia (2.6 times) and induced a greater and sustained upregulation of p-MEK with p-ERK downregulation, as well as prolonged increases of p-FADD content and p-FADD/FADD ratio (effects lasting for more than 240 min). Pentobarbital also upregulated significantly the cortical contents of other markers of neuroplasticity such as the ERK inhibitor p-PEA-15 (up to +46%), the transcription factor NF-κB (up to +27%) and the synaptic density protein PSD-95 (up to +20%) during 'sleep'. The results reveal a paradoxical stimulation of p-MEK without the concomitant (canonical) activation of p-ERK (e.g. with pentobarbital and isoflurane), for which various molecular mechanisms are discussed. The downregulation of brain p-ERK may participate in the manifestations of adverse effects displayed by most hypnotic/anesthetic agents in clinical use (e.g. amnesia).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glòria Salort
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Institut d'investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - María Álvaro-Bartolomé
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Institut d'investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesús A García-Sevilla
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Institut d'investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The MAPK pathway is a prominent intracellular signaling pathway regulating various intracellular functions. Components of this pathway are mutated in a related collection of congenital syndromes collectively referred to as neuro-cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes (NCFC) or Rasopathies. Recently, it has been appreciated that these disorders are associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In addition, idiopathic ASD has also implicated the MAPK signaling cascade as a common pathway that is affected by many of the genetic variants that have been found to be linked to ASDs. This chapter describes the components of the MAPK pathway and how it is regulated. Furthermore, this chapter will highlight the various functions of the MAPK pathway during both embryonic development of the central nervous system (CNS) and its roles in neuronal physiology and ultimately, behavior. Finally, we will summarize the perturbations to MAPK signaling in various models of autism spectrum disorders and Rasopathies to highlight how dysregulation of this pivotal pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism.
Collapse
|