1
|
Jash R, Maparu K, Seksaria S, Das S. Decrypting the Pathological Pathways in IgA Nephropathy. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 18:43-56. [PMID: 37870060 DOI: 10.2174/0127722708275167231011102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
IgAN is the most common form of glomerulonephritis affecting 2000000 people annually. The disease ultimately progresses to chronic renal failure and ESRD. In this article, we focused on a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and thus identifying different target proteins that could be essential in therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 produced by the suppression of the enzyme β-1, 3 galactosyltransferase ultimately triggered the formation of IgG autoantibodies which form complexes with Gd-IgA1. The complex gets circulated through the blood vessels through monocytes and ultimately gets deposited in the glomerular mesangial cells via CD71 receptors present locally. This complex triggers the inflammatory pathways activating the alternate complement system, various types of T Cells, toll-like receptors, cytokines, and chemokines ultimately recruiting the phagocytic cells to eliminate the Gd-IgA complex. The inflammatory proteins cause severe mesangial and podocyte damage in the kidney which ultimately initiates the repair process following chronic inflammation by an important protein named TGFβ1. TGF β1 is an important protein produced during chronic inflammation mediating the repair process via various downstream transduction proteins and ultimately producing fibrotic proteins which help in the repair process but permanently damage the glomerular cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Jash
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmacy, JIS University, Kolkata, 700109, West Bengal, India
| | - Kousik Maparu
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptarshi Das
- Department of Pharmacy, JIS University, Kolkata, 700109, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao J, Wu L, Wang S, Chen X. Role of Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 10 (CXCL10) in Renal Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6194864. [PMID: 32089645 PMCID: PMC7025113 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6194864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine C-X-C ligand 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), exerts biological function mainly through binding to its specific receptor, CXCR3. Studies have shown that renal resident mesangial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, endothelial cells, and infiltrating inflammatory cells express CXCL10 and CXCR3 under inflammatory conditions. In the last few years, strong experimental and clinical evidence has indicated that CXCL10 is involved in the development of renal diseases through the chemoattraction of inflammatory cells and facilitation of cell growth and angiostatic effects. In addition, CXCL10 has been shown to be a significant biomarker of disease severity, and it can be used as a prognostic indicator for a variety of renal diseases, such as renal allograft dysfunction and lupus nephritis. In this review, we summarize the structures and biological functions of CXCL10 and CXCR3, focusing on the important role of CXCL10 in the pathogenesis of kidney disease, and provide a theoretical basis for CXCL10 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jingwu Road 324, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Siyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Djudjaj S, Martin IV, Buhl EM, Nothofer NJ, Leng L, Piecychna M, Floege J, Bernhagen J, Bucala R, Boor P. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Limits Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis by Counteracting Tubular Cell Cycle Arrest. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:3590-3604. [PMID: 28801314 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common underlying process of progressive kidney diseases. We investigated the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine, in this process. In mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of MIF aggravated fibrosis and inflammation, whereas treatment with recombinant MIF was beneficial, even in established fibrosis. In two other models of progressive kidney disease, global Mif deletion or MIF inhibition also worsened fibrosis and inflammation and associated with worse kidney function. Renal MIF expression was reduced in tubular cells in fibrotic compared with healthy murine and human kidneys. Bone marrow chimeras showed that Mif expression in bone marrow-derived cells did not affect fibrosis and inflammation after UUO. However, Mif gene deletion restricted to renal tubular epithelial cells aggravated these effects. In LPS-stimulated tubular cell cultures, Mif deletion led to enhanced G2/M cell-cycle arrest and increased expression of the CDK inhibitor 1B (p27Kip1) and of proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators. Furthermore, MIF inhibition reduced tubular cell proliferation in vitro In all three in vivo models, global Mif deletion or MIF inhibition caused similar effects and attenuated the expression of cyclin B1 in tubular cells. Mif deletion also resulted in reduced tubular cell apoptosis after UUO. Recombinant MIF exerted opposing effects on tubular cells in vitro and in vivo Our data identify renal tubular MIF as an endogenous renoprotective factor in progressive kidney diseases, raising the possibility of pharmacologic intervention with MIF pathway agonists, which are in advanced preclinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lin Leng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marta Piecychna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Rheinish-Westphalian Technical University, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peter Boor
- Departments of Pathology and .,Nephrology and Immunology, and
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matsui M, Roche L, Geroult S, Soupé-Gilbert ME, Monchy D, Huerre M, Goarant C. Cytokine and Chemokine Expression in Kidneys during Chronic Leptospirosis in Reservoir and Susceptible Animal Models. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156084. [PMID: 27219334 PMCID: PMC4878748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Humans can be infected after exposure to contaminated urine of reservoir animals, usually rodents, regarded as typical asymptomatic carriers of leptospires. In contrast, accidental hosts may present an acute form of leptospirosis with a range of clinical symptoms including the development of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is considered as a possible AKI-residual sequela but little is known about the renal pathophysiology consequent to leptospirosis infection. Herein, we studied the renal morphological alterations in relation with the regulation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, comparing two experimental models of chronic leptospirosis, the golden Syrian hamster that survived the infection, becoming carrier of virulent leptospires, and the OF1 mouse, a usual reservoir of the bacteria. Animals were monitored until 28 days after injection with a virulent L. borgpetersenii serogroup Ballum to assess chronic infection. Hamsters developed morphological alterations in the kidneys with tubulointerstitial nephritis and fibrosis. Grading of lesions revealed higher scores in hamsters compared to the slight alterations observed in the mouse kidneys, irrespective of the bacterial load. Interestingly, pro-fibrotic TGF-β was downregulated in mouse kidneys. Moreover, cytokines IL-1β and IL-10, and chemokines MIP-1α/CCL3 and IP-10/CXCL-10 were significantly upregulated in hamster kidneys compared to mice. These results suggest a possible maintenance of inflammatory processes in the hamster kidneys with the infiltration of inflammatory cells in response to bacterial carriage, resulting in alterations of renal tissues. In contrast, lower expression levels in mouse kidneys indicated a better regulation of the inflammatory response and possible resolution processes likely related to resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Matsui
- Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Louise Roche
- Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Sophie Geroult
- Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Marie-Estelle Soupé-Gilbert
- Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Didier Monchy
- Anatomic Pathology Laboratory, Gaston-Bourret Territorial Hospital Center, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Michel Huerre
- Unité de Recherche et Expertise en Histotechnologie et Pathologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Departement de Pathologie, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille Goarant
- Institut Pasteur International Network, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Noumea, New Caledonia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li A, Wang J, Zhu D, Zhang X, Pan R, Wang R. Arctigenin suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and the subsequent epithelial–mesenchymal transition through reactive oxygen species-dependent ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:1095-113. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1038258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
6
|
Roy MS, Janal MN, Crosby J, Donnelly R. Markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation predict progression of diabetic nephropathy in African Americans with type 1 diabetes. Kidney Int 2015; 87:427-33. [PMID: 24918153 PMCID: PMC4263810 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
African Americans with early-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus are at a high risk for severe diabetic nephropathy and end-stage renal disease. In order to determine whether baseline plasma levels of inflammatory markers predict incidence of overt proteinuria or renal failure in African Americans with type 1 diabetes mellitus, we re-examined data of 356 participants in our observational follow-up study of 725 New Jersey African Americans with type 1 diabetes. At baseline and 6-year follow-up, a detailed structured clinical interview was conducted to document medical history including kidney dialysis or transplant, other diabetic complications, and renal-specific mortality. Plasma levels of 28 inflammatory biomarkers were measured using a multiplex bead analysis system. After adjusting for baseline age, glycohemoglobin, and other confounders, the baseline plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the upper two quartiles were, respectively, associated with a three- to fivefold increase in the risk of progression from no albuminuria or microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria. Baseline plasma levels of the chemokine eotaxin in the upper quartile were significantly associated with a sevenfold increase in risk of incident renal failure. These associations were independent of traditional risk factors for progression of diabetic nephropathy. Thus, in type 1 diabetic African Americans, sICAM-1 predicted progression to overt proteinuria and eotaxin-predicted progression to renal failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique S. Roy
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Malvin N. Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, NYU College of Dentistry, NY, NY
| | - Juan Crosby
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and NJMS Molecular Resource Facility, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| | - Robert Donnelly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and NJMS Molecular Resource Facility, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim MJ, Tam FWK. Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in renal disease. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:2022-30. [PMID: 21851811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) has a critical role in the development of various renal diseases. Data from disease specific experimental animal models and clinical studies confirm that MCP-1 plays an important part in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. The action of MCP-1 in these studies has been shown to be more complex than the traditional concept of monocyte/macrophage recruitment to the inflammatory site. MCP-1 is expressed in renal tissues and it is detectable in urine of patients with a variety of renal diseases. Measurement of urinary levels of MCP-1 can provide valuable information not only for the diagnosis of active renal disease, but also for monitoring of response to therapy. Urinary MCP-1 measurement can provide help with evaluation of the prognosis in various renal diseases. Furthermore, selective targeting of MCP-1 could be an effective treatment in suppressing a number of renal diseases as blocking MCP-1 has already been shown to ameliorate renal diseases in experimental animal models. The advantage of measuring urinary MCP-1 rather than the conventional markers must now be validated using a larger cohort of patients in different renal diseases. Also the therapeutic potential of MCP-1 targeting agents needs to be investigated in clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Kim
- Imperial College Kidney and Transplant Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roles of fibrin deposition and protease activated receptor-1 in renal cytokine/chemokine production and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats of different ages. J Appl Biomed 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
9
|
Abstract
The main function of chemokines is to guide inflammatory cells in their migration to sites of inflammation. During the last 2 decades, an expanding number of chemokines and their receptors have driven broad inquiry into how inflammatory cells are recruited in a variety of diseases. Although this review focuses on chemokines and their receptors in renal injury, proinflammatory IL-17, TGFβ, and TWEAK signaling pathways also play a critical role in their expression. Recent studies in transgenic mice as well as blockade of chemokine signaling by neutralizing ligands or receptor antagonists now allow direct interrogation of chemokine action. The emerging role of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells during renal injury also forges tight relationships between chemokines and T cell infiltration in the development of kidney disease. As chemokine receptor blockade inches toward clinical use, the field remains an attractive area with potential for unexpected opportunity in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C K Chung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kang YS, Cha JJ, Hyun YY, Cha DR. Novel C-C chemokine receptor 2 antagonists in metabolic disease: a review of recent developments. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011; 20:745-56. [PMID: 21466412 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2011.575359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and its receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), play important roles in various inflammatory diseases. Recently, it has been reported that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway also has an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome through its association with obesity and related systemic complications. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the roles of CCR2 in the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and other organ damage associated with metabolic syndrome, which is still a matter of debate in many studies. It also covers the use of novel CCR2 antagonists as therapies in such conditions. EXPERT OPINION There is abundant experimental evidence that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway may be involved in chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity and related metabolic diseases. Although animal models of diabetes and obesity, as well as human trials, have produced controversial results, there is continued interest in the roles of CCR2 inhibition in metabolic disease. Further identification of the mechanisms for recruitment and activation of phagocytes and determination of the roles of other chemokines are needed. Future study of these fundamental questions will provide a clearer understanding of adipose tissue biology and potential therapeutic targets for treatment of obesity-related metabolic disease, including diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Kang
- Medical College of Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ansan City, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Furuichi K, Wada T, Kaneko S. Cytokines and chemokines as therapeutic targets for ischemic kidney injury. Inflamm Regen 2011. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.31.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
12
|
Yadav A, Saini V, Arora S. MCP-1: chemoattractant with a role beyond immunity: a review. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:1570-9. [PMID: 20633546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1, a potent monocyte attractant, is a member of the CC chemokine subfamily. MCP-1 exerts its effects through binding to G-protein-coupled receptors on the surface of leukocytes targeted for activation and migration. Role of MCP-1 and its receptor CCR2 in monocyte recruitment during infection or under other inflammatory conditions is well known. METHOD A comprehensive literature search was conducted from the websites of the National Library of Medicine (http://www.ncbl.nlm.nih.gov) and Pubmed Central, the US National Library of Medicine's digital archive of life sciences literature (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/). The data was assessed from books and journals that published relevant articles in this field. RESULT Recent and ongoing research indicates the role of MCP-1 in various allergic conditions, immunodeficiency diseases, bone remodelling, and permeability of blood - brain barrier, atherosclerosis, nephropathies and tumors. CONCLUSION MCP-1 plays an important role in pathogenesis of various disease states and hence MCP-1 inhibition may have beneficial effects in such conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi-110001, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chemokine/chemokine receptor-mediated inflammation regulates pathologic changes from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2009; 13:9-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-008-0119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Panzer U, Steinmetz OM, Paust HJ, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Peters A, Turner JE, Zahner G, Heymann F, Kurts C, Hopfer H, Helmchen U, Haag F, Schneider A, Stahl RAK. Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 Mediates T Cell Recruitment and Tissue Injury in Nephrotoxic Nephritis in Mice. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18:2071-84. [PMID: 17538187 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2006111237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is highly expressed on Th1 polarized T cells and has been predicted to play an important role in T cell recruitment and immune response in a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. For testing whether CXCR3 plays a role in renal inflammation, CXCR3-deficient mice were generated and nephrotoxic nephritis was induced in C57BL/6 CXCR3(-/-) and C57BL/6 wild-type mice. Induction of the nephrotoxic nephritis leads to an increased renal mRNA expression of IP-10/CXCL10 (8.6-fold), Mig/CXCL9 (2.3-fold), and I-TAC/CXCL11 (4.9-fold) during the autologous phase at days 7 and 14. This increased chemokine expression was paralleled by the renal infiltration of T cells, followed by renal tissue injury, albuminuria, and loss of renal function. Compared with wild-type mice, CXCR3-deficient mice had significantly reduced renal T cell infiltrates. Moreover, CXCR3(-/-) mice developed less severe nephritis, with significantly lower albuminuria, better renal function, and a reduced frequency of glomerular crescent formation. Nephritic wild-type and CXCR3(-/-) mice both elicited an efficient systemic nephritogenic immune response in terms of antigen-specific IgG production and IFN-gamma expression by splenocytes in response to the nephritogenic antigen. These findings indicate that the ameliorated nephritis in CXCR3-deficient mice is due to impaired renal trafficking of effector T cells rather than their inability to mount an efficient humoral or cellular immune response. The neutralization of CXCR3 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for Th1-dependent inflammatory renal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Panzer
- Medizinische Klinik III, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mitogen activated protein kinase signaling in the kidney: target for intervention? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sita.200500063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
16
|
Xi C, Chen X, Sun X, Shi S, Feng Z, Wang J, Hong Q, Lu Y, Lin S. Effects of alterations of glomerular fibrin deposition on renal inflammation in rats at different age stages. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005; 60:1099-110. [PMID: 16183947 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/60.9.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data indicated that aging accelerated glomerular fibrin deposition induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Our hypothesis was that aging may exacerbate glomerular inflammatory responses induced by glomerular fibrin deposition. Both young and aged rats with glomerular fibrin deposition induced by LPS were treated with tranexamic acid (TA) and TA plus urokinase (UK). Infiltrating inflammatory cells and expressions of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular endothelial-cadherin were markedly upregulated in the LPS+TA group compared with the LPS group. Reduction of fibrin deposition in the LPS+TA+UK group was associated with downregulation of the above indices (p < .05), whereas the alteration of vascular endothelial-cadherin protein expression was negatively correlated with the fibrin deposition. There were also significant differences in increased expressions of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 between young and aged rats. These in vivo data demonstrated that fibrin deposition contributed to glomerular inflammatory responses, which could be exacerbated by aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Xi
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Center and Key Lab of PLA, General Hospital of PLA, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kitagawa K, Wada T, Furuichi K, Hashimoto H, Ishiwata Y, Asano M, Takeya M, Kuziel WA, Matsushima K, Mukaida N, Yokoyama H. Blockade of CCR2 ameliorates progressive fibrosis in kidney. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2004; 165:237-46. [PMID: 15215179 PMCID: PMC1618531 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark of progressive organ diseases. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, also termed as macrophage chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF/CCL2) and its receptor, CCR2 are presumed to contribute to progressive fibrosis. However, the therapeutic efficacy of MCP-1/CCR2 blockade in progressive fibrosis remains to be investigated. We hypothesized that blockade of CCR2 may lead to the improvement of fibrosis. To achieve this goal, we investigated renal interstitial fibrosis induced by a unilateral ureteral obstruction in CCR2 gene-targeted mice and mice treated with propagermanium or RS-504393, CCR2 inhibitors. Cell infiltrations, most of which were F4/80-positive, were reduced in CCR2 knockout mice. In addition, dual staining revealed that CCR2-positive cells were mainly F4/80-positive macrophages. Importantly, CCR2 blockade reduced renal interstitial fibrosis relative to wild-type mice. Concomitantly, renal transcripts and protein of MCP-1, transforming growth factor-beta, and type I collagen were decreased in CCR2-null mice. Further, this CCR2-dependent loop for renal fibrosis was confirmed by treatment with CCR2 antagonists in a unilateral ureteral obstruction model. These findings suggest that the therapeutic strategy of blocking CCR2 may prove beneficial for progressive fibrosis via the decrease in infiltration and activation of macrophages in the diseased kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoki Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shimizu H, Maruyama S, Yuzawa Y, Kato T, Miki Y, Suzuki S, Sato W, Morita Y, Maruyama H, Egashira K, Matsuo S. Anti-monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene therapy attenuates renal injury induced by protein-overload proteinuria. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14:1496-505. [PMID: 12761250 DOI: 10.1097/01.asn.0000069223.98703.8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been postulated that protein filtered through glomeruli activates tubular epithelial cells, which secrete vasoactive and inflammatory substances including chemokines, leading to tubulointerstitial renal injury. The present study was designed to investigate the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in this process and to evaluate the effectiveness of a kidney-targeted gene transfer technique using hydrodynamic pressure. Naked plasmid encoding 7ND (an MCP-1 antagonist) or a control plasmid was introduced into the left kidney of rats. Three days after gene transfer (day 0), intraperitoneal administration of bovine serum albumin (10 mg/g body wt per day) was started and continued for 14 or 21 d. RT-PCR showed that 7ND mRNA was expressed only in the gene-transfected kidney. Immunostaining showed that 7ND protein was localized in the interstitial cells. Macrophage infiltration was significantly reduced in the left kidney of rats treated with 7ND on days 14 and 21. In the right kidney, such effects were not observed. 7ND also attenuated tubular damage and decreased the number of apoptotic cells. Computer-assisted analysis revealed that the areas positively stained for alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA), fibronectin-EDA, type I collagen, and collagen fibrils were significantly reduced in the 7ND-treated kidney on day 21. Furthermore, 7ND gene therapy significantly reduced MCP-1 and TGF-beta 1 mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that MCP-1 plays an important role in the development of tubulointerstitial inflammation, tubular damage, and fibrosis induced by proteinuria. The fact that 7ND gene therapy had little effect on the contralateral kidney indicates that 7ND acted locally. This strategy may have a potential usefulness as a gene therapy against tubulointerstitial renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Shimizu
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee MJ, Yang CW, Jin DC, Chang YS, Bang BK, Kim YS. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 inhibits constitutive and interleukin-1 beta-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in human mesangial cells: role for JNK/AP-1 pathway. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:2557-63. [PMID: 12594282 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.5.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), which belongs to the TGF-beta superfamily, has been shown to reduce macrophage infiltration and tissue injury in animal models of inflammatory renal disease. To explore the mechanism involved in the anti-inflammatory effect, we investigated the effect of BMP-7 on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in cultured human mesangial cells. BMP- 7 significantly inhibited constitutive and IL-1 beta-induced MCP-1 protein production and MCP-1 mRNA expression by mesangial cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. BMP-7 also inhibited IL-1 beta-induced monocyte chemotactic activity released from the mesangial cells. We examined the role of transcription factors NF-kappa B and AP-1 in BMP-7 inhibition of IL-1 beta-induced MCP-1 expression. IL-1 beta increased NF-kappa B and AP-1 activity and both transcription factors mediated IL-1 beta-induced MCP-1 expression in mesangial cells. BMP-7 inhibited IL-1 beta-induced AP-1 activity in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, IL-1 beta-induced NF-kappa B activity and I kappa B alpha degradation were not affected by BMP-7. Furthermore, IL-1 beta-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase was inhibited by BMP-7. These data suggest that BMP-7 inhibits constitutive and IL-1 beta-induced MCP-1 expression in human mesangial cells partly by inhibiting c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity and subsequent AP-1 activity, and provide new insight into the therapeutic potential of BMP-7 in the inflammatory renal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ja Lee
- Renal Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|