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Zhou Z, Liu J, Zhang H, Prabahar K, Hernández-Wolters B, Yuan Y. The effect of vitamin D2 on lipid profile, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and inflammatory and glycemic biomarkers in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 174:106883. [PMID: 39154789 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Even though the role of D2 (ergocalciferol) on cardiovascular disease risk components has been studied, conflicting results have been reported. Moreover, no single study has studied all these parameters and the role of vitamin D2 individually has not been assessed; hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to assess the effect of vitamin D2 supplementation on lipid profile, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and inflammatory and glycemic biomarkers in humans. METHODS Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Embase were searched from database inception to July 2024, and the random effects model, according to the DerSimonian and Laird method, was used to generate combined estimates of the intervention's effect on the outcomes. RESULTS After full-text analysis, 11 eligible articles were included in our meta-analyses. No statistically significant association was observed between vitamin D2 administration and BMI, WC, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, DBP or SBP; however, a statistically significant decrease in CRP (WMD: - 1.92 mg/dL, 95 % CI: - 3.30 to - 0.54, P = 0.006) and HbA1c levels (WMD: - 0.37 %, 95 % CI: - 0.66 to - 0.09, P = 0.009), and a non-statistically significant decrease in FBG (WMD: - 4.61 mg/dL, 95 % CI: - 14.71 to 5.47, P = 0.370, I2 = 90 %, P ˂ 0.001) and HOMA-IR (WMD: - 0.10, 95 % CI: - 0.17-0.03, P = 0.002) were detected. CONCLUSION In summary, our systematic review and meta-analysis discovered that vitamin D2 administration was associated with a statistically significant decrease in CRP and HbA1c levels, without a significant correlation with other outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Hebi Polytechnic, 5th of ZhaoGe Road, Qibin district, Hebei, Hebei province 458030, China
| | - Jiyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Hebi Polytechnic, 5th of ZhaoGe Road, Qibin district, Hebei, Hebei province 458030, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hepatopathy, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Yuhua District, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yuanhong Yuan
- Emergency Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Yuhua District, Changsha 410007, China.
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Aggeletopoulou I, Kalafateli M, Geramoutsos G, Triantos C. Recent Advances in the Use of Vitamin D Organic Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1090. [PMID: 39334856 PMCID: PMC11430352 DOI: 10.3390/biom14091090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology, now established as a transformative technology, has revolutionized medicine by enabling highly targeted drug delivery. The use of organic nanocarriers in drug delivery systems significantly enhances the bioavailability of vitamins and their analogs, thereby improving cellular delivery and therapeutic effects. Vitamin D, known for its crucial role in bone health, also influences various metabolic functions, such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation, and is increasingly explored for its anticancer potential. Given its versatile properties and biocompatibility, vitamin D is an attractive candidate for encapsulation within drug delivery systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of vitamin D synthesis, metabolism, and signaling, as well as its applications in customized drug delivery. Moreover, it examines the design and engineering of organic nanocarriers that incorporate vitamin D and discusses advances in this field, including the synergistic effects achieved through the combination of vitamin D with other therapeutic agents. By highlighting these innovations, this review provides valuable insights into the development of advanced drug delivery systems and their potential to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Kalafateli
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Patras, 26332 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Geramoutsos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Schömann-Finck M, Reichrath J. Umbrella Review on the Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Cancer. Nutrients 2024; 16:2720. [PMID: 39203855 PMCID: PMC11356988 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a growing public health problem and cancer is linked to vitamin D via several mechanisms. Recent umbrella reviews on the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D did not turn their attention to cancer. Accordingly, an overview of the current state of research is needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS An umbrella review was conducted to provide an overview of systematic reviews on the association between vitamin D and incidence or mortality of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer. RESULTS Inverse correlations were found between the vitamin D level (measured by circulating 25(OH)D) and mortality for all five types of cancer. For breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer, there are also hints of a lower incidence due to higher 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSION As most reviews include observational studies, conclusions on causality cannot be made. Methodological differences between the included reviews and different study designs in the individual studies lead to methodological problems. Despite these problems, the review shows inverse correlations between 25(OH)D levels and mortality, and mostly inverse correlations between 25(OH)D levels and incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schömann-Finck
- German University of Applied Sciences for Prevention and Health Management, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology, The Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
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Cuomo RE. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Five-Year Survival in Primary Colon Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:1008-1017. [PMID: 39126134 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2389580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the link between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and mortality in patients with colon cancer. Using a clinical database from the University of California, serum 25(OH)D measures were averaged for the time following diagnosis until either the time of death or 5 years had elapsed. Analytical methods included the use of Generalized Additive Models (GAM), logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazards models to examine non-linear relationships and the impact of 25(OH)D on 5-year mortality. This study assessed 1,602 patients with colon cancer having a median 25(OH)D of 31.8 ng/mL and a 5-year mortality rate of 22.7%. A significant association between higher post-diagnosis vitamin D levels and decreased 5-year mortality was observed. This association persisted after adjusting for disease severity and significant demographic confounders, in both a logistic regression model for 5-year mortality (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92, p < 0.001) and a cox proportional hazards model for survival (HR = 0.94, CI: 0.88-0.99, p = 0.048). GAM illustrated a steep increase in survival probability up to a plateau, suggesting a threshold effect beyond roughly 50.0 ng/mL. This study found a potential protective role of vitamin D in the survival of colon cancer patients, supporting the correction of levels below 25 ng/mL but ideally above 50 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael E Cuomo
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Liu K, Lu X, Wang A, Chen W, Chen Y, Li J, Sun X, Huang L, He Z, Wen C, Mao Y, Ye D. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with gout and hyperuricemia. Nutr J 2024; 23:89. [PMID: 39123196 PMCID: PMC11312396 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to probe the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients with gout and hyperuricemia (HUA). METHODS The study included 1169 gout patients and 7029 HUA patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018 and 2001-2018, respectively. The association between serum 25(OH)D and mortality was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models. RESULTS Among participants with gout and HUA, the weighted mean concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were 71.49 ± 30.09 nmol/L and 64.81 ± 26.92 nmol/L, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency occurred in 29.68% of gout patients and 37.83% of HUA patients. During 6783 person-years of follow-up among gout patients, 248 all-cause deaths occurred, among which 76 died from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 49 died from cancer. 1375 HUA patients were recorded for all-cause mortality during 59,859 person-years of follow-up, including 427 CVD deaths and 232 cancer deaths. After multifactorial adjustment, per one-unit increment in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D was associated with lower risk of 55% all-cause mortality and 61% CVD mortality among gout patients, and a 45% reduced risk of cancer mortality among HUA patients. Restricted cubic splines showed a U-shaped relationship with all-cause and CVD mortality among HUA patients, with inflection points of 72.7 nmol/L and 38.0 nmol/L, respectively. The results were robust in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Serum 25(OH)D was negatively linearly correlated with mortality among gout patients, whereas U-shaped correlated with mortality in HUA patients. These results indicate that adequate vitamin D status could prevent premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xuanni Lu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Zhixing He
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Ding Ye
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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Rozmus D, Fiedorowicz E, Grzybowski R, Płomiński J, Cieślińska A. VDR Gene Polymorphisms ( BsmI, FokI, TaqI, ApaI) in Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcome Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8225. [PMID: 39125794 PMCID: PMC11311579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A total hip arthroplasty (THA) can improve quality of life, but loosening of the hip prosthesis is a complex problem in which vitamin D may also play a role. The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) is involved in the response of cells to the action of vitamin D, and its genetic variability raises the question of whether individual differences could influence the risk of prosthesis loosening. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (ApaI, BsmI, FokI and TaqI) and the serum VDR and 25(OH)D levels in three groups of patients: (1) arthroscopy patients after THA without loosening of the prosthesis (CA-Control Arthroplasty), (2) patients after THA with loosened hip prostheses (L-Loosening) and (3) the control group (C-Control). Our results suggest that the genotypes tt of TaqI, BB of BsmI, and FF of FokI may influence the VDR effect in patients with loosened protheses. Our results showed that the ACAC haplotype (AtBF) was over two times more frequent in the L group than in CA + C: OR =2.35 [95% CI 1.44-3.83; p = 0.001]. There was no significant correlation between the VDR and serum 25(OH)D levels, but there were differences between studied groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Rozmus
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Ewa Fiedorowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Roman Grzybowski
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Aleja Warszawska 30, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Janusz Płomiński
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Gruca Orthopaedic and Trauma Teaching Hospital, Konarskiego 13, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
| | - Anna Cieślińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1A Oczapowskiego Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (E.F.)
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Sha S, Degen M, Vlaski T, Fan Z, Brenner H, Schöttker B. The Safety Profile of Vitamin D Supplements Using Real-World Data from 445,493 Participants of the UK Biobank: Slightly Higher Hypercalcemia Prevalence but Neither Increased Risks of Kidney Stones nor Atherosclerosis. Nutrients 2024; 16:2251. [PMID: 39064694 PMCID: PMC11279740 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Potential calcium-related adverse events of vitamin D supplement use have not been addressed in large-scale, real-world data so far. Methods: Leveraging data from the UK Biobank, encompassing 445,493 individuals aged 40-69, we examined associations of high 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) levels ≥ 100 nmol/L and vitamin D supplementation with hypercalcemia (serum calcium > 2.6 mmol/L), kidney stones, and atherosclerosis assessments (pulse wave arterial stiffness index and carotid intima-medial thickness). Regression models were comprehensively adjusted for 49 covariates. Results: Approximately 1.5% of the participants had high 25(OH)D levels, 4.3% regularly used vitamin D supplements, and 20.4% reported regular multivitamin use. At baseline, the hypercalcemia prevalence was 1.6%, and 1.1% was diagnosed with kidney stones during follow-up. High 25(OH)D levels were neither associated with calcium-related adverse events nor atherosclerosis assessments. Vitamin D and multivitamin supplementation were associated with an increased prevalence of hypercalcemia (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals: 1.46 [1.32-1.62] and 1.11 [1.04-1.18], respectively) but were neither associated with atherosclerosis nor future kidney stones. Conclusions: High 25(OH)D levels observable in routine care were not associated with any adverse outcome. Vitamin D users have a slightly higher prevalence of hypercalcemia, possibly due to co-supplementation with calcium, but without a higher atherosclerosis prevalence or risk of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Degen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tomislav Vlaski
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ziwen Fan
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.D.); (T.V.); (Z.F.); (B.S.)
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de Souza MDM, Moraes Dantas RL, Leão Durães V, Defante MLR, Mendes TB. Vitamin D Supplementation and the Incidence of Fractures in the Elderly Healthy Population: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Gen Intern Med 2024:10.1007/s11606-024-08933-1. [PMID: 38997531 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although a well-established component of bone metabolism, the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of fractures in elderly healthy individuals is still unclear. PURPOSE To perform a meta-analysis comparing vitamin D supplementation with placebo and its contributions on fracture incidence. METHODS This meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), under protocol CRD42023484979. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases from inception to November 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vitamin D supplementation versus placebo in individuals with 60 years of age or more and without bone related medical conditions such as cancer and osteoporosis. RESULTS Seven RCTs with 71,899 patients were included, of whom 36,822 (51.2%) were women. There was no significant difference in total fracture incidence (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.93-1.14; p = 0.56; I2 = 58%) between groups or subgroups. However, women had an increased risk for hip fractures (164 vs. 121 events; RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.06-1.70; p = 0.01; I2 = 0%). There was no significant difference in non-vertebral fractures, osteoporotic fractures development, or falls (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.94-1.12; p = 0.6; I2 = 47%; RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.87-1.08; p = 0.63; I2 = 0%; RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.97-1.04; p = 0.66; I2 = 55%, respectively). CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation does not reduce the total fracture development rate in the elderly healthy population, and it may increase the incidence of hip fractures among elderly healthy women. This finding suggests refraining from prescribing high intermittent doses of vitamin D, without calcium, to individuals aged 60 or older with unknown vitamin D serum concentration or osteoporosis status and inadequate calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vitor Leão Durães
- Division of Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Bosco Mendes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Liu H, Bai Y. Association Among Vitamin D Supplementation, Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations, and Mortality Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study Using NHANES 2007-2018 Data. Ther Drug Monit 2024:00007691-990000000-00231. [PMID: 38967521 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the associations among self-reported vitamin D (VD) supplementation, measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks. METHODS Self-reported VD supplementation, serum 25(OH)D concentration, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018 were examined for 10,793 adults ≥20 years from the United States. VD dosage was categorized as <800 or ≥800 IU/d. The mortality status and causes of mortality up to 2019 were determined using the National Death Index. The relationships among VD, 25(OH)D levels, and mortality were analyzed using Cox regression before and after propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS Over a median of 6.6 years, 915 deaths were recorded, 230 because of cardiovascular disease (CVD), 240 because of cancer, and 445 because of other specific causes. Mortality risk did not differ between VD <800 IU/d and ≥800 IU/d before or after PSM. However, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were statistically different before and after PSM. The upper 2 quartiles of 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower all-cause mortality, and the fourth quartile was associated with reduced other-specific mortality before and after PSM. No correlation was found between the 25(OH)D concentration and CVD- or cancer-specific mortality after PSM. The inverse 25(OH)D-mortality relationship was consistent across subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Based on this large cohort study, higher 25(OH)D levels are robustly associated with reduced all-cause and other specific mortality but not CVD- or cancer-specific mortality. These findings support the benefits of maintaining adequate VD status for longevity. Further research is required to elucidate these mechanisms and define the optimal VD concentration to reduce mortality. These results underscore the importance of public health strategies for preventing VD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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10
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Kawahara T, Okada Y, Tanaka Y. Vitamin D efficacy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. J Bone Miner Metab 2024; 42:438-446. [PMID: 38664254 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-024-01509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that vitamin D has a profound effect on calcium and bone metabolism, but its influence on other organs (extraskeletal effect) has been proposed. Consistently, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of various diseases, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as reported by many observational studies. However, there has been no consensus on whether vitamin D deficiency is a causative factor in the incidence of diabetes mellitus. There have been no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at preventing the onset of type 1 diabetes with vitamin D intake. In addition, the results of RCTs evaluating the preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation on type 2 diabetes development have been inconsistent. The recent observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses are confirming that vitamin D or active vitamin D administration is effective in preventing the incident of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kawahara
- Devision of Endocrinoloy and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Komonji Hospital, 2-5 Dairishinmachi, Moji-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 800-0057, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Okada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Health, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Health, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
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Sharma A, Faber H, AlGhamdi WS, Naphade D, Lin Y, Heeney M, Anthopoulos TD. Label-Free Metal-Oxide Transistor Biosensors for Metabolite Detection in Human Saliva. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306038. [PMID: 38381100 PMCID: PMC11251559 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites are essential molecules involved in various metabolic processes, and their deficiencies and excessive concentrations can trigger significant physiological consequences. The detection of multiple metabolites within a non-invasively collected biofluid could facilitate early prognosis and diagnosis of severe diseases. Here, a metal oxide heterojunction transistor (HJ-TFT) sensor is developed for the label-free, rapid detection of uric acid (UA) and 25(OH)Vitamin-D3 (Vit-D3) in human saliva. The HJ-TFTs utilize a solution-processed In2O3/ZnO channel functionalized with uricase enzyme and Vit-D3 antibody for the selective detection of UA and Vit-D3, respectively. The ultra-thin tri-channel architecture facilitates strong coupling between the electrons transported along the buried In2O3/ZnO heterointerface and the electrostatic perturbations caused by the interactions between the surface-immobilized bioreceptors and target analytes. The biosensors can detect a wide range of concentrations of UA (from 500 nm to 1000 µM) and Vit-D3 (from 100 pM to 120 nm) in human saliva within 60 s. Moreover, the biosensors exhibit good linearity with the physiological concentration of metabolites and limit of detections of ≈152 nm for UA and ≈7 pM for Vit-D3 in real saliva. The specificity is demonstrated against various interfering species, including other metabolites and proteins found in saliva, further showcasing its capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sharma
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Hendrik Faber
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan S. AlGhamdi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Dipti Naphade
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Yen‐Hung Lin
- Department of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong
| | - Martin Heeney
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
- Photon Science Institute, Henry Royce InstituteDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
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12
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Zhang P, Zhong J, Liu X, Sun W. The association between dynamic changes in vitamin D and frailty alterations: A prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38923848 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome associated with reduced reserves and increased vulnerability to stressors among older adults. Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in frailty, as it is essential for maintaining musculoskeletal functions. The relationship between dynamic changes in vitamin D levels and frailty over time has not been extensively studied. METHODS This study utilized data from the UK Biobank. Baseline and longitudinal changes in vitamin D levels were measured. Frailty status was assessed using both the frailty phenotype and frailty index approaches and classified as robust, pre-frail, or frail. Changes in frailty status were assessed by frailty phenotype at baseline (2006-2010) and the follow-up (2012-2013). Mixed effect model was performed to examine the association between vitamin D levels and frailty status. Using multistate transition models, we assessed the impact of increasing vitamin D levels on the probabilities of transitioning between robust, pre-frail, and frail states. RESULTS Based on the frailty phenotype, 287 926 individuals (64.8%) were identified as having various degrees of frailty (median age 58.00 [51.00, 64.00] years, 55.9% females). Using the frailty index approach, 250 566 individuals (56%) were found to have different levels of frailty (median age 59.00 [51.00, 64.00] years, 55.3% females). Baseline vitamin D levels were found to be significantly associated with frailty status (frailty phenotype: ORfrail 0.78, 95% CI [0.76, 0.79], P < 0.001; frailty index: ORfrail 0.80, 95% CI [0.78, 0.81], P < 0.001). Dynamic changes in vitamin D levels were also found to be associated with changes in frailty over time. Furthermore, increasing vitamin D levels were associated with a transition from frailty to a healthier status. A higher degree of vitamin D (estimated at 1 nmol/L) was associated with a lower risk of transitioning from robust to prefrail (HR 0.997, 95% CI [0.995, 0.999]) and from prefrail to frail (HR 0.992, 95% CI [0.988, 0.995]). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of vitamin D in the context of frailty. Low vitamin D levels are associated with increased frailty risk, while increasing vitamin D levels may contribute to improving frailty status. Recognizing the relationship between vitamin D levels and frailty can inform personalized management and early interventions for frail individuals. Further research is needed to explore the potential effects of vitamin D interventions on frailty and deepen our understanding of the biological connections between vitamin D and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jinghui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Neurology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Ciocarlie T, Motofelea AC, Motofelea N, Dutu AG, Crăciun A, Costachescu D, Roi CI, Silaghi CN, Crintea A. Exploring the Role of Vitamin D, Vitamin D-Dependent Proteins, and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Variation in Lung Cancer Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6664. [PMID: 38928369 PMCID: PMC11203461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has an unfavorable prognosis with a rate of low overall survival, caused by the difficulty of diagnosis in the early stages and resistance to therapy. In recent years, there have been new therapies that use specific molecular targets and are effective in increasing the survival chances of advanced cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to find more specific biomarkers that can identify early changes in carcinogenesis and allow the earliest possible treatment. Vitamin D (VD) plays an important role in immunity and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the expression of various genes involved in the physiological functions of the human organism. The genes encoding the VDR are extremely polymorphic and vary greatly between human populations. To date, there are significant associations between VDR polymorphism and several types of cancer, but the data on the involvement of VDR polymorphism in lung cancer are still conflicting. Therefore, in this review, our aim was to investigate the relationship between VDR single-nucleotide polymorphisms in humans and the degree of risk for developing lung cancer. The studies showcased different gene polymorphisms to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer: TaqI, ApaI, BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2. In addition, there is a strong positive correlation between VD deficiency and lung cancer development. Still, due to a lack of awareness, the assessment of VD status and VDR polymorphism is rarely considered for the prediction of lung cancer evolution and their clinical applicability, despite the fact that studies have shown the highest risk for lung cancer given by TaqI gene polymorphisms and that VDR polymorphisms are associated with more aggressive cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Ciocarlie
- Department VII Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nadica Motofelea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Alina Gabriela Dutu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.G.D.); (A.C.); (C.N.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexandra Crăciun
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.G.D.); (A.C.); (C.N.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Dan Costachescu
- Radiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Ioan Roi
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Nicolae Silaghi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.G.D.); (A.C.); (C.N.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Andreea Crintea
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.G.D.); (A.C.); (C.N.S.); (A.C.)
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Brandi ML, Marini F, Parri S, Bandinelli S, Iantomasi T, Giusti F, Talluri E, Sini G, Nannipieri F, Battaglia S, Tripepi G, Egan CG, Ferrucci L. Association of vitamin D and bisphenol A levels with cardiovascular risk in an elderly Italian population: results from the InCHIANTI study. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01193-1. [PMID: 38837025 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the association between circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), and the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA), with risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease in elderly individuals. This was a cross-sectional study in a subgroup of elderly people from the InCHIANTI Biobank in Italy. We examined the association between circulating serum vitamin D metabolites, 1,25(OH)2D, 25(OH)D, and the endocrine disrupting agent BPA, with an arbitrary CV risk score and the European Society of Cardiology-based 10-year CV risk (SCORE2/SCORE2-OP) using univariate and multiple regression. In 299 individuals, blood samples were tested for serum values of 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D and urinary BPA levels. One hundred eighty individuals (60.2%) were deficient (< 20 ng/ml) in 25(OH)D. Levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were negatively correlated with CV risk score (p < 0.0001 for both) as well as SCORE2/SCORE2-OP (p < 0.0001 for both) while BPA levels were positively correlated with both CV risk scores (p < 0.0001 for both). In a logistic regression model, male gender (odds ratio; OR: 2.1, 95% CI:1.1-3.8, p = 0.022), obesity (OR:2.8, 95% CI:1.2-6.5, p = 0.016) and BPA levels ≥ 110 ng/dl (OR:20.9, 95% CI:9.4-46.8, p < 0.0001) were associated with deficient levels of 25(OH)D. 1,25(OH)2D levels < 41 ng/dl and 25(OH)D levels < 20 ng/ml were associated with CV risk score ≥ 3 (OR: 4.16, 95% CI: 2.32-7.4, p < 0.0001 and OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.02-3.39, p = 0.044) respectively and 1,25(OH)2D levels < 41 ng/dl were associated with SCORE2/SCORE2-OP of ≥ 20% (OR:2.98, 95% CI: 1.7-5.2, p = 0.0001). In this cross-sectional analysis, BPA exposure was associated with significantly reduced levels of vitamin D that in turn were significantly associated with increased CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Brandi
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell'Osso), F.I.R.M.O. Foundation, Via San Gallo, 123, 50129, Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesca Marini
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell'Osso), F.I.R.M.O. Foundation, Via San Gallo, 123, 50129, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Parri
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell'Osso), F.I.R.M.O. Foundation, Via San Gallo, 123, 50129, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Iantomasi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Donatello Bone Clinic, Villa Donatello Hospital, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Talluri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Tripepi
- National Research Council (CNR), Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translation Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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15
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Liao H, Du J, Li F, Yang S, Qi G, Pan L. Elevated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a potential indicator of remission in Takayasu arteritis patients with normal ESR and CRP levels. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1979-1987. [PMID: 38598024 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of the present study was to investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and disease remission in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients. METHODS This retrospective study included 59 patients in the study group and 80 patients in the validation cohort with TAK. After 6 months of therapy, patients were re-evaluated, and serum 25(OH)D levels were compared before and after treatment. Correlations between changes in 25(OH)D levels and changes in disease activity scores (NIH, ITAS2010, ITAS.A) were analyzed. Additionally, a predictive cut-off value for disease remission was determined. RESULTS After 6 months of therapy, serum 25(OH)D levels in TAK patients significantly increased compared to baseline [(18.33 ± 7.25)µg/L vs (11.77 ± 4.14) µg/L] (P < 0.001). Positive correlations were observed between the increasing changes in the 25(OH)D level and the decreasing changes in the reduced NIH, ITAS2010, and ITAS.A scores (r = 0.455, P < 0.001; r = 0.495, P < 0.001; and r = 0.352 P = 0.006, respectively). A change of 8.45 µg/L in 25(OH)D level was identified as the predictive cut-off value for TAK remission (sensitivity 54.1%, specificity 90.9%, area under the curve = 0.741). Similarly for patients with normal baseline ESR, sensitivity is 68.0%, specificity is 92.3%, and area under the curve is 0.831, and for patients with normal baseline CRP, sensitivity is 58.3%, specificity is 90.0%, and area under the curve is 0.748. Validation in an additional 80 patients demonstrated a higher remission rate in those with a 25(OH)D level change > 8.45 µg/L. CONCLUSION Serum 25(OH)D levels significantly increased after treatment in TAK patients, and an increase of ≥ 8.45 µg/L was predictive of disease remission, especially in individuals with normal baseline ESR and/or CRP levels. Key Points • Following treatment, there was a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels among TAK patients. • The elevated changes in 25(OH)D levels before and after treatment demonstrated a positive correlation with the reduction in disease activity scores. • In patients with TAK before and after treatment, an elevation in serum 25(OH)D levels exceeding 8.45 µg/L serves as an indicator for disease remission, particularly prominent in individuals with normal baseline ESR and/or CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Rd., Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Rd., Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fengjuan Li
- Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Rd., Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guanming Qi
- Internal Medicine, Our Lady of Lourdes Memorial Hospital, Binghamton, NY, USA.
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
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16
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Pereira F, Fernández-Barral A, Larriba MJ, Barbáchano A, González-Sancho JM. From molecular basis to clinical insights: a challenging future for the vitamin D endocrine system in colorectal cancer. FEBS J 2024; 291:2485-2518. [PMID: 37699548 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most life-threatening neoplasias in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of CRC. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], the most active vitamin D metabolite, is a pleiotropic hormone that, through its binding to a transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a major regulator of the human genome. 1,25(OH)2D3 acts on colon carcinoma and stromal cells and displays tumor protective actions. Here, we review the variety of molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in CRC, which affect multiple processes that are dysregulated during tumor initiation and progression. Additionally, we discuss the epidemiological data that associate vitamin D deficiency and CRC, and the most relevant randomized controlled trials of vitamin D3 supplementation conducted in both healthy individuals and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pereira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Spain
| | - Asunción Fernández-Barral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - María Jesús Larriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - Antonio Barbáchano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - José Manuel González-Sancho
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Zhao S, Qian F, Wan Z, Chen X, Pan A, Liu G. Vitamin D and major chronic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00112-7. [PMID: 38824035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Numerous observational studies have demonstrated a significant inverse association between vitamin D status and the risk of major chronic disease, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, findings from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest minimal or no benefit of increased vitamin D levels. We provide an overview of recent literature linking vitamin D to major chronic diseases. Because emerging evidence indicates a potential threshold effect of vitamin D, future well-designed studies focused on diverse populations with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency are warranted for a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of maintaining sufficient vitamin D status on the prevention of major chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhao
- School of Public Health, and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Frank Qian
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Public Health, and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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18
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Roy M, Hussain F. Mitigation of Breast Cancer Cells' Invasiveness via Down Regulation of ETV7, Hippo, and PI3K/mTOR Pathways by Vitamin D3 Gold-Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5348. [PMID: 38791386 PMCID: PMC11120902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis in breast cancer is the major cause of death in females (about 30%). Based on our earlier observation that Vitamin D3 downregulates mTOR, we hypothesized that Vitamin D3 conjugated to gold nanoparticles (VD3-GNPs) reduces breast cancer aggressiveness by downregulating the key cancer controller PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Western blots, migration/invasion assays, and other cell-based, biophysical, and bioinformatics studies are used to study breast cancer cell aggressiveness and nanoparticle characterization. Our VD3-GNP treatment of breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) significantly reduces the aggressiveness (cancer cell migration and invasion rates > 45%) via the simultaneous downregulation of ETV7 and the Hippo pathway. Consistent with our hypothesis, we, indeed, found a downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. It is surprising that the extremely low dose of VD3 in the nano formulation (three orders of magnitude lower than in earlier studies) is quite effective in the alteration of cancer invasiveness and cell signaling pathways. Clearly, VD3-GNPs are a viable candidate for non-toxic, low-cost treatment for reducing breast cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Roy
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Fazle Hussain
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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19
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Gao B, Zhang C, Wang D, Li B, Shan Z, Teng W, Li J. Causal association between low vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:95. [PMID: 38715063 PMCID: PMC11077756 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the correlation between serum vitamin D (VD) level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the causality and specific mechanisms remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the cause-effect relationship between serum VD and PCOS, and the role of testosterone in the related pathological mechanisms. METHODS We assessed the causality between serum VD and PCOS by using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data in a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (TS-MR) analysis. Subsequently, a MR mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating action of testosterone in the causality between serum VD and PCOS. Ultimately, we integrated GWAS data with cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTLs) data for gene annotation, and used the potentially related genes for functional enrichment analysis to assess the involvement of testosterone and the potential mechanisms. RESULTS TS-MR analysis showed that individuals with lower level of serum VD were more likely to develop PCOS (OR = 0.750, 95% CI: 0.587-0.959, P = 0.022). MR mediation analysis uncovered indirect causal effect of serum VD level on the risk of PCOS via testosterone (OR = 0.983, 95% CI: 0.968-0.998, P = 0.025). Functional enrichment analysis showed that several pathways may be involved in the VD-testosterone-PCOS axis, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis and autophagy process. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that genetically predicted lower serum VD level may cause a higher risk of developing PCOS, which may be mediated by increased testosterone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Deping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, P.R. China
| | - Bojuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, P.R. China.
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Vagha K, Taksande A, Lohiya S, Javvaji CK, Vagha JD, Uke P. Unlocking Vitality: A Comprehensive Review of Vitamin D's Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e60840. [PMID: 38910623 PMCID: PMC11191411 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of vitamin D (VD) in critically ill children, examining its implications for clinical outcomes. Although this substance has long been known for its function in maintaining bone health, it is now becoming more widely known for its extensive physiological effects, which include immune system and inflammation regulation. Observational research consistently associates VD levels with outcomes like duration of hospitalization, mortality, and illness severity in critically ill pediatric patients. Mechanistically, it exerts anti-inflammatory and endothelial protective effects while modulating the renin-angiotensin system. Increasing VD levels through supplementation presents promise as a therapeutic strategy; however, further research is necessary to elucidate optimal dosage regimens and safety profiles. This review emphasizes the significance of comprehending the intricate relationship between VD and critical illnesses among pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keta Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amar Taksande
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sham Lohiya
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Chaitanya Kumar Javvaji
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jayant D Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Punam Uke
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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21
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Carboo JA, Dolman-Macleod RC, Malan L, Lombard MJ. High-dose oral vitamin D supplementation for prevention of infections in children aged 0 to 59 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:579-599. [PMID: 37428896 PMCID: PMC11009788 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D plays an important role in immune function, and the deficiency thereof has been associated with several infections, most notably respiratory tract infections. However, data from intervention studies investigating the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on infections have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of evidence regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation above the standard dose (400 IU) in preventing infections in apparently healthy children < 5 years of age. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched between August 2022 and November 2022. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Meta-analyses of outcomes in more than one study were performed using Review Manager software. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic. Randomized controlled trials in which vitamin D was supplemented at > 400 IU compared with placebo, no treatment, or standard dose were included. DATA ANALYSIS Seven trials that enrolled a total of 5748 children were included. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95%CIs were calculated using random- and fixed-effects models. There was no significant effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.62-1.10). There was a 57% (95%CI, 0.30-0.61), 56% (95%CI, 0.27-0.07), and 59% (95%CI, 0.26-0.65) reduction in the odds of influenza/cold, cough, and fever incidence, respectively, with daily supplementation of vitamin D > 1000 IU. No effect was found on bronchitis, otitis media, diarrhea/gastroenteritis, primary care visits for infections, hospitalizations, or mortality. CONCLUSION High-dose vitamin D supplementation provided no benefit in preventing upper respiratory tract infections (moderate certainty of evidence) but reduced the incidence influenza/cold (moderate certainty of evidence), cough, and fever (low certainty of evidence). These findings are based on a limited number of trials and should be interpreted with caution. Further research is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42022355206.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Adede Carboo
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Robin Claire Dolman-Macleod
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Linda Malan
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Martani Johanni Lombard
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
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22
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Li J, Tian S, Ci B, Xi Y, Deng X. Serum vitamins and homocysteine levels in autoimmune liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1258. [PMID: 38652023 PMCID: PMC11037259 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamins and homocysteine (Hcy) are involved in liver metabolism and related to the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease (AILD), but consensus is lacking. This study aims to systematically summarize relevant evidence to clarify the association of serum vitamins and Hcy levels with AILD. METHODS The English and Chinese literature was searched until August 29, 2023. Studies were included if they were observational studies of investigating serum vitamins and Hcy levels in patients with AILD and their healthy comparisons. Quality assessment was performed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and a meta-analysis was conducted using ReviewManager 5.3. The protocol was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), with registration number CRD42023455367. RESULTS A total of 25 case-control studies comprising 3487 patients (1673 patients and 1814 healthy controls) were included for analysis. There were 548 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) cases, 1106 primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) cases, and 19 primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) cases. We found that serum A and E were decreased in both AIH and PBC/PSC; but vitamin C was reduced only in patients with PBC, not AIH. In addition, decreased content of 25(OH)D3 was found in both AIH and PBC. However, levels of 25(OH)D did not differ between the patients and controls, and were independent of disease types and the country. Only one study that met the inclusion criteria reported vitamin B6, B9, B12, and Hcy changes, and found that vitamin B6 and B9 were significantly decreased in patients with PBC, while serum vitamin B12 and Hcy levels were significantly elevated in them. One eligible study each confirmed a reduction in plasma vitamin K1 and 1,25(OH)2D3 in patients with PBC. CONCLUSION Most vitamins are deficient in AILD, so appropriate vitamin supplementation should be necessary. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shan Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Bai Ci
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuwen Xi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Nardin M, Verdoia M, Nardin S, Cao D, Chiarito M, Kedhi E, Galasso G, Condorelli G, De Luca G. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Physiology to Pathophysiology and Outcomes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:768. [PMID: 38672124 PMCID: PMC11048686 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is rightly recognized as an essential key factor in the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, affecting primary adequate bone mineralization. In the last decades, a more complex and wider role of vitamin D has been postulated and demonstrated. Cardiovascular diseases have been found to be strongly related to vitamin D levels, especially to its deficiency. Pre-clinical studies have suggested a direct role of vitamin D in the regulation of several pathophysiological pathways, such as endothelial dysfunction and platelet aggregation; moreover, observational data have confirmed the relationship with different conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and hypertension. Despite the significant evidence available so far, most clinical trials have failed to prove any positive impact of vitamin D supplements on cardiovascular outcomes. This discrepancy indicates the need for further information and knowledge about vitamin D metabolism and its effect on the cardiovascular system, in order to identify those patients who would benefit from vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Nardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Verdoia
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale degli Infermi, ASL Biella, 13875 Biella, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Eastern Piedmont University, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Nardin
- U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mauro Chiarito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elvin Kedhi
- McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Division of Cardiology, AOU “Policlinico G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Hospital Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
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24
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Yerezhepov D, Gabdulkayum A, Akhmetova A, Kozhamkulov UA, Rakhimova SE, Kairov UY, Zhunussova G, Kalendar RN, Akilzhanova A. Vitamin D Status, VDR, and TLR Polymorphisms and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Epidemiology in Kazakhstan. Nutrients 2024; 16:558. [PMID: 38398882 PMCID: PMC10892443 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) and vitamin D deficiency remain major public health problems in Kazakhstan. Due to the high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the country and based on the importance of vitamin D in the modulation of the immune response and the association of its deficiency with many health conditions, the aim of our research was to study the vitamin D status, VDR and TLR gene polymorphisms, and pulmonary tuberculosis epidemiology in Kazakhstan. METHODS A case-control study included 411 individuals diagnosed with pulmonary TB and 686 controls with no family history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Concentrations of serum vitamin D (25-(OH)D) levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The gene polymorphisms were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allelic discrimination assay using TaqMan probes. The association between the risk of pulmonary TB and polymorphisms was evaluated using multimodal logistic regression and assessed with the ORs, corresponding to 95% Cis, and the significance level was determined as p < 0.05. RESULTS 1097 individuals were recruited from 3 different regions of Kazakhstan. Biochemical data showed vitamin D deficiency (25-(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was present in both groups, with the case group accounting for almost 95% and 43.7% in controls. Epidemiological data revealed that socioeconomic factors such as BMI < 25 kg/m2 (p < 0.001), employment (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), and vitamin D deficiency (p < 0.001) were statistically different between case and control groups. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted by sex, age, BMI, residence, employment, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes, showed that T/T polymorphism of the VDR gene (rs1544410, OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.04-3.72, p = 0.03) and A/A polymorphism of the TLR8 gene (rs3764880, OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.20-4.98, p = 0.01) were associated with a high risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency remains prevalent in our study cohort and is associated with TB progression. Socioeconomic determinants such as unemployment, BMI under 25 kg/m2, and diabetes are the main risk factors for the development of pulmonary TB in our study. A/A polymorphism of TLR8 (rs3764880) and T/T polymorphism (BsmI, rs1544410) of VDR genes may act as biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis in the Kazakh population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dauren Yerezhepov
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aidana Gabdulkayum
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Akhmetova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulan A. Kozhamkulov
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Saule E. Rakhimova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulykbek Y. Kairov
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ruslan N. Kalendar
- Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ainur Akilzhanova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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25
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Zhang C, Cui J, Li S, Shen J, Luo X, Yao Y, Shi H. Combined effects of vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation on all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:122. [PMID: 38302956 PMCID: PMC10836043 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation share common pathological mechanisms in muscle loss, cardio-pulmonary function decline, and abnormal metabolism, which are linked to chronic conditions, senescence, and early mortality. However, their combined effect on mortality in older adults has not been well established. This study longitudinal aimed to explore the independent and combined associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with mortality risk in Chinese community-based older people. METHODS 3072 older adults (86.07 ± 11.87 years, 54.52% female) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2012-2018) were enrolled. Baseline 25(OH)D and hs-CRP levels were collected, and survival information was recorded in the 2014 and 2018 follow-up waves. Cox proportional hazard regressions were conducted to explore the associations between 25(OH)D, hs-CRP, and mortality. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and chronic disease biomarkers were adjusted. RESULTS During 10,622.3 person-years of follow-up (median: 3.51 years), 1321 older adults died, including 448 deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Increased mortality risk was associated with lower 25(OH)D and higher hs-CRP quantiles, even after adjusting for each other and multiple covariates (all P-trend < 0.05). In combined analyses, the highest all-cause mortality (HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.73 ~ 2.56), CVD mortality (HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.64 ~ 3.21), and non-CVD mortality (HR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.79 ~ 2.49) were obtained in participants with both 25(OH)D deficiency (< 50 nmol/L) and high hs-CRP (≥ 3.0 mg/L), respectively. We observed significant additive interactions of 25(OH)D and hs-CRP on all-cause mortality and non-CVD mortality (RERIS>0). CONCLUSIONS Low 25(OH)D and high hs-CRP, both independently and jointly, increase mortality risk in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Thus, priority should be given to early detection and appropriate intervention in older individuals with combined vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation. Molecular mechanisms of related adverse health effect are worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- China Center for Health Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanmei Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Li L, Yang P, Duan Y, Xie J, Liu M, Zhou Y, Luo X, Zhang C, Li Y, Wang J, Chen Z, Zhang X, Cheng ASK. Association between dietary diversity, sedentary time outside of work and depressive symptoms among knowledge workers: a multi-center cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:53. [PMID: 38166945 PMCID: PMC10762993 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-diversity diets and sedentary status are risk factors for depressive symptoms, while knowledge workers were ignored before. The purpose of this current study was to examine the relationship between dietary diversity, sedentary time spent outside of work, and depressive symptoms among knowledge workers. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This was a multicenter and cross-sectional design that included 118,723 knowledge workers. Participants self-reported online between January 2018 and December 2020. Demographic information, the Dietary Diversity Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, dietary habits (which included eating three meals on time, midnight snacking, overeating, social engagement, coffee consumption, sugary drink consumption, smoking and alcohol use), sedentary time spent outside of work and physical activity were investigated. RESULTS The relationships between demographic information, dietary habits and dietary diversity, and depressive symptoms were estimated. Compared with the first and second levels of dietary diversity, the third level of dietary diversity (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84-0.98) reduced the risk of depressive symptoms. Knowledge workers with different degrees of sedentary status (2-4 h (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.07-1.14), 4-6 h (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.17-1.26), and > 6 h (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.43-1.56), presented a progressively higher risk of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION High amounts of sedentary time spent after work and low levels of dietary diversity are risk factors for depressive symptoms. In addition, an irregular diet and overeating are also major risk factors for knowledge workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofei Luo
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Andy S K Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Menéndez SG, Manucha W. Vitamin D as a Modulator of Neuroinflammation: Implications for Brain Health. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:323-332. [PMID: 38303529 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128281314231219113942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation represents a critical immune response within the brain, playing a pivotal role in defense against injury and infection. However, when this response becomes chronic, it can contribute to the development of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. This bibliographic review delves into the role of vitamin D in modulating neuroinflammation and its implications for brain health, particularly in the context of neurological and psychiatric disorders. While vitamin D is traditionally associated with calcium homeostasis and bone health, it also exerts immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects within the central nervous system. Through comprehensive analysis of preclinical and clinical studies, we uncover how vitamin D, acting through its receptors in glial cells, may influence the production of proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidants, potentially mitigating the cascade of events leading to neuronal damage. Clinical research has identified vitamin D deficiency as a common thread in the increased risks of multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, and depression, among others. Furthermore, preclinical models suggest vitamin D's regulatory capacity over inflammatory mediators, its protective role against neuronal apoptosis, and its contribution to neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. These insights underscore the potential of vitamin D supplementation not only in slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases but also in improving the quality of life for patients suffering from psychiatric conditions. Future clinical studies are essential to validate these findings and further our understanding of vitamin D's capacity to prevent or alleviate symptoms, opening new avenues for therapeutic strategies against neuroinflammation-related pathologies. Neuroinflammation is a crucial immune response in the brain against injuries or infections, but its persistence can lead to diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and depression. Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) emerges as a regulator of neuroinflammation, present in brain cells such as astrocytes and microglia, modulating immune function. Vitamin D's mechanisms of action include cytokine modulation and regulation of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. It adjusts inflammatory mediators and antioxidants, resulting in neuroprotective effects. Additionally, vitamin D impacts neurotransmitter synthesis and brain plasticity. This positions vitamin D as a potential adjunct in treating diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Lastly, its role in intestinal microbiota and serotonin synthesis contributes to psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and depression. Thus, vitamin D presents a novel therapeutic approach for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián García Menéndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Departamento de Patología, Área de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Pathology and Pharmacology Department, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Departamento de Patología, Área de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Pathology and Pharmacology Department, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
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28
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Mehdad S, Belghiti H, Zahrou FE, Guerinech H, Mouzouni FZ, El Hajjab A, El Berri H, El Ammari L, Benaich S, Benkirane H, Barkat A, Aguenaou H. Vitamin D status and its relationship with obesity indicators in Moroccan adult women. Nutr Health 2023; 29:673-681. [PMID: 35435056 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221094376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: Although vitamin D deficiency has been studied in various populations, there are few data on its prevalence and associated factors among Moroccan women. Aim: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and investigate its association with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus in a sample of Moroccan adult women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical analyses were performed using standard procedures Results: A total of 714 women aged 18-65 years participated in this study. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 74.4%. Approximately 24% and 51% of women had severe and moderate vitamin D deficiency, respectively. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were inversely correlated with BMI in vitamin D-deficient subjects (P = 0.036) and with parathyroid hormone 1-84 (PTH1-84) levels in the study sample (P = 0.010). PTH1-84 concentrations were greater among overweight/obese individuals compared to their non-overweight peers (P = 0.001) and tended to be higher among vitamin D-deficient women than vitamin D-sufficient women (P = 0.053). Conclusion: This study showed a very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this sample of Moroccan women. Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased BMI in vitamin D-deficient women and with elevated PTH1-84 levels among the study sample. Although these findings come from a convenience sample of women that attended a nutrition clinic, they underscore the urgent need to develop public health interventions to improve women's vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slimane Mehdad
- Physiology and Physiopathology Research Team, Research Centre of Human Pathologies Genomics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, Morocco
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Hakim Belghiti
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, Morocco
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Fatima Ezzahra Zahrou
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Hassania Guerinech
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Amina El Hajjab
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | | | | | - Souad Benaich
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Hasnae Benkirane
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
| | - Amina Barkat
- Health and Nutrition Research Team of the Mother-Child Couple, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hassan Aguenaou
- Ibn Tofail University- CNESTEN, Joint Unit of Nutrition, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Biology and Health, FSK, Regional Designated Center for Nutrition (AFRA/IAEA), Kenitra, 14000, Morocco
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Tarfeen N, Masoodi SR, Nisa KU, Ali S, Ahmad MB, Ganai BA. VDR downregulation and promoter hypermethylation as one of the causes for triggering type 2 diabetes mellitus: Clinical and molecular studies. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1443-1451. [PMID: 37975142 PMCID: PMC10638154 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Our present study was to investigate the methylation and Gene expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in the causing T2DM and to determine the inflammatory biomarkers in exaggerating T2DM in Kashmiri population. Methods In this study, T2DM cases (n = 100) and controls (n = 100) of Kashmiri population were designed. Blood samples were taken from both groups, and serum vitamin D levels, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP, Leptin and adiponectin) were estimated by ELISA. By using methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) and RT-PCR, respectively, the levels of methylation and expression were measured after the extraction of DNA and RNA. Results Studies using RT-PCR demonstrated that patients with diabetes had a lower degree of VDR expression than control subjects (P > 0.05). The T2DM was shown to be strongly correlated with hypermethylation (p-value < 0.001, OR 2.9; 95%CI 1.6-5.54). When compared to control groups, T2DM patients' levels of vitamin D in their serum were considerably lower (p < 0.01). Pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-α, CRP, IL-6, and leptin levels were discovered to be higher, and concentrations of anti-inflammatory mediators like IL-10 and adiponectin were observed to be lower in people with T2DM than in people without the condition (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study suggests the hypermethylation and down expression of VDR as one of the basis for causing T2DM in kashmiri individuals, exaggerated by enhanced degree of TNF-α, CRP, IL-6 and leptin and diminished concentration of IL-10 and adiponectin in T2DM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01266-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeebul Tarfeen
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Shariq Rashid Masoodi
- Division of Endocrinology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Khair Ul Nisa
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Shafat Ali
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Mir Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 Jammu and Kashmir India
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Yakout SM, Alfadul H, Ansari MGA, Khattak MNK, Al-Daghri NM. Vitamin D Status Modestly Regulates NOD-Like Receptor Family with a Pyrin Domain 3 Inflammasome and Interleukin Profiles among Arab Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16377. [PMID: 38003567 PMCID: PMC10670975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been associated with inflammation and dysregulation of the immune system. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical immune response component, plays a pivotal role in developing inflammatory diseases. VD hinders NLRP3 inflammasome activation and thus exerts anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to analyze the effect of VD deficiency on circulating levels of NLRP3 inflammasomes (NLRP3 and caspase-1) and associated interleukins (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33 and IL-37) in Saudi adults. Methods: A total of 338 Saudi adults (128 males and 210 females) (mean age = 41.2 ± 9.1 years and mean BMI 31.2 ± 6.5 kg/m2) were included. Overnight-fasting serum samples were collected. Participants were stratified according to their VD status. Serum levels of NLRP3 inflammasomes and interleukins of interest were assessed using commercially available immuno-assays. Individuals with VD deficiency had significantly lower mean 25(OH)D levels than those with a normal VD status (29.3 nmol/L vs. 74.2 nmol/L, p < 0.001). The NLRP3 levels were higher in the VD-deficient group than their VD-sufficient counterparts (0.18 vs. 0.16, p = 0.01). Significant inverse associations were observed between NLRP3 levels with age (r = -0.20, p = 0.003) and BMI (r = -0.17, p = 0.01). Stepwise regression analysis identified insulin (β = 0.38, p = 0.005) and NLRP3 (β = -1.33, p = 0.03) as significant predictors of VD status, explaining 18.3% of the variance. The findings suggest that the VD status modestly regulates NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin activities. This may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and management of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (M.N.K.K.)
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McCourt AF, Mulrooney SL, O’Neill GJ, O’Riordan ED, O’Sullivan AM. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to vitamin D supplementation using different lipid delivery systems in middle-aged and older adults: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1548-1557. [PMID: 36912075 PMCID: PMC10551469 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Food fortification improves vitamin D intakes but is not yet mandated in many countries. Combining vitamin D with different dietary lipids altered vitamin D absorption in in vitro and postprandial studies. This randomised, placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of the lipid composition of a vitamin D-fortified dairy drink on change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. Sixty-three healthy adults aged 50+ years were randomised to one of the following for 4 weeks: vitamin D-fortified olive oil dairy drink, vitamin D-fortified coconut oil dairy drink, vitamin D supplement or placebo control dairy drink. All vitamin D groups received 20 µg of vitamin D3 daily. Serum was collected at baseline and post-intervention to measure 25(OH)D concentrations and biomarkers of metabolic health. Repeated-measures general linear model ANCOVA (RM GLM ANCOVA) compared changes over time. There was a significant time × treatment interaction effect on 25(OH)D concentrations for those classified as vitamin D-insufficient (P < 0·001) and -sufficient at baseline (P = 0·004). 25(OH)D concentrations increased significantly for all insufficient participants receiving vitamin D3 in any form. However, for vitamin D-sufficient participants at baseline, 25(OH)D concentrations only increased significantly with the coconut oil dairy drink and supplement. There was no effect of vitamin D on biomarkers of metabolic health. Vitamin D fortification of lipid-containing foods may be used in lieu of supplementation when supplement adherence is low or for individuals with dysphagia. These results are important given the recent recommendation to increase vitamin D intakes to 15-20 µg for older adults in Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aislinn F. McCourt
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Steven L. Mulrooney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Graham J. O’Neill
- TUD School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin (TUD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - E. Dolores O’Riordan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aifric M. O’Sullivan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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Mustafa A, Shekhar C. Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Their Relative Importance among Indian Adolescents: An Application of Dominance Analysis. Int J Endocrinol 2023; 2023:4209369. [PMID: 37881405 PMCID: PMC10597726 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4209369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a serious issue in developing nations, including India. This study investigates the determinants of vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents and assesses their relative importance using dominance analysis. Data from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) conducted between 2016 and 2018 were utilized in this study. Vitamin D levels were assessed based on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, with a sample size encompassing 13,065 adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. Backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of vitamin D deficiency, and the relative importance of these factors was assessed using dominance analysis. The study identified nine predictors that were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency at a 1% level of significance (α = 0.001). Among these factors, sex was found to be the most significant predictor, with female adolescents being 2.66 (95% CI: 95% CI: 2.39-2.96) times more likely to be vitamin D deficient compared to male adolescents. Lifestyle and behavioral factors, such as "sex," "wealth index," and "place of residence," were more dominant in predicting vitamin D deficiency than biological indicators like "BMI" and "serum creatinine." This underscores the vital role of sunlight exposure in maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels. In summary, this study sheds light on the multifaceted factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents, emphasizing the significance of targeted interventions and public health awareness campaigns to mitigate this pressing issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akif Mustafa
- International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, India
| | - Chander Shekhar
- Department of Fertility, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, India
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Almaghrbi H, Al-Shafai M, Al-Asmakh M, Bawadi H. Association of Vitamin D Genetic Risk Score with Noncommunicable Diseases: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4040. [PMID: 37764823 PMCID: PMC10537716 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The genetic risk score (GRS) is an important tool for estimating the total genetic contribution or susceptibility to a certain outcome of interest in an individual, taking into account their genetic risk alleles. This study aims to systematically review the association between the GRS of low vitamin D with different noncommunicable diseases/markers. Methods: The article was first registered in PROSPERO CRD42023406929. PubMed and Embase were searched from the time of inception until March 2023 to capture all the literature related to the vitamin D genetic risk score (vD-GRS) in association with noncommunicable diseases. This was performed using comprehensive search terms including "Genetic Risk Score" OR "Genetics risk assessment" OR "Genome-wide risk score" AND "Vitamin D" OR 25(HO)D OR "25-hydroxyvitamin D". Results: Eleven eligible studies were included in this study. Three studies reported a significant association between vD-GRS and metabolic parameters, including body fat percentage, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose. Moreover, colorectal cancer overall mortality and the risk of developing arterial fibrillation were also found to be associated with genetically deprived vitamin D levels. Conclusions: This systematic review highlights the genetic contribution of low-vitamin-D-risk single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) as an accumulative factor associated with different non-communicable diseases/markers, including cancer mortality and the risk of developing obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases such as arterial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Almaghrbi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.A.); (M.A.-S.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Mashael Al-Shafai
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.A.); (M.A.-S.); (M.A.-A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.A.); (M.A.-S.); (M.A.-A.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Hiba Bawadi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Sha S, Gwenzi T, Chen LJ, Brenner H, Schöttker B. About the associations of vitamin D deficiency and biomarkers of systemic inflammatory response with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a general population sample of almost 400,000 UK Biobank participants. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:957-971. [PMID: 37340242 PMCID: PMC10501954 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
It is unknown whether the well-known association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality could be explained by the immune system modulating effects of vitamin D, which may protect from a systemic inflammatory response (SIR) to adverse health conditions. This study aims to investigate the interrelationships of vitamin D deficiency, biomarkers of SIR, and mortality. We used multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for 51 covariates to assess the associations of vitamin D deficiency with disadvantageous levels of nine biomarkers of SIR in the UK Biobank cohort. Furthermore, we tested with Cox regression and mediation analysis whether biomarkers of SIR and vitamin D deficiency were independently associated with mortality. We included 397,737 participants aged 37-73 years. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with disadvantageous levels of all blood cell count-based biomarkers, but not with C-reactive protein (CRP)-based biomarkers after adjustment for body weight. Vitamin D deficiency and all biomarkers of SIR were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and mortality from cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory disease. The strength of these associations was unaltered if vitamin D deficiency and biomarkers of SIR were put in the same model. This finding was further supported by the mediation analyses. This study showed that vitamin D deficiency is associated with disadvantageous levels of blood cell count-based but not CRP-based biomarkers of SIR. Vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation were independently and strongly associated with mortality. The potential of clinical interventions against both vitamin D deficiency and underlying causes of systemic inflammation should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tafirenyika Gwenzi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Konikowska K, Kiliś-Pstrusińska K, Matera-Witkiewicz A, Kujawa K, Adamik B, Doroszko A, Kaliszewski K, Pomorski M, Protasiewicz M, Sokołowski J, Madziarska K, Jankowska EA. Association of serum vitamin D concentration with the final course of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1231813. [PMID: 37727794 PMCID: PMC10505823 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is a substantial public health problem. The present study evaluated the association between vitamin D concentration and hospitalization and mortality risk in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Methods This study used the COronavirus in LOwer Silesia (COLOS) dataset collected between February 2020 and June 2021. The medical records of 474 patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and whose vitamin D concentration was measured, were analyzed. Results We determined a significant difference in vitamin D concentration between discharged patients and those who died during hospitalization (p = 0.0096). We also found an effect of vitamin D concentration on the risk of death in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19. As vitamin D concentration increased, the odds ratio (OR) for death slightly decreased (OR = 0.978; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.540-0.669). The vitamin D concentration cutoff point was 15.40 ng/ml. In addition, patients with COVID-19 and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations < 30 ng/ml had a lower survival rate than those with serum 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/ml (log-rank test p = 0.0018). Moreover, a Cox regression model showed that patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and higher vitamin D concentrations had a 2.8% reduced risk of mortality (hazard ratio HR = 0.972; CI = 0.95-0,99; p = 0.0097). Conclusions The results indicate an association between 25(OH)D levels in patients with COVID-19 and the final course of hospitalization and risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Konikowska
- Department of Dietetics and Bromatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz
- Screening of Biological Activity Assays and Collection of Biological Material Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University Biobank, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kujawa
- Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Adamik
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Clinical Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kaliszewski
- Clinical Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Pomorski
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Sokołowski
- Clinical Department of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Madziarska
- Clinical Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Anita Jankowska
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
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Jayedi A, Daneshvar M, Jibril AT, Sluyter JD, Waterhouse M, Romero BD, Neale RE, Manson JE, Shab-Bidar S. Serum 25(OH)D Concentration, Vitamin D Supplementation, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes or Prediabetes: a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:697-707. [PMID: 37467897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is uncertain about the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the association between vitamin D status and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We did a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science until May 2022. We selected 1) cohort studies investigating the association between serum 25(OH)D concentration and mortality or cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes and 2) randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation in these patients. We used random-effects pairwise meta-analyses to calculate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS 21 cohort studies and 6 randomized trials were included. Compared with sufficient vitamin D status (≥50 nmol/L), the RR of all-cause mortality was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.49; n = 11 studies, GRADE = moderate) for vitamin D insufficiency (25 to <50 nmol/L), and 1.58 (1.33, 1.83; n = 16, GRADE = moderate) for deficiency (<25 nmol/L). Similar findings were observed for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity but not for cancer mortality. The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Dose-response meta-analyses indicated nonlinear associations, with the lowest risk at 25(OH)D ∼60 nmol/L for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Supplementation with vitamin D did not reduce the risk of all-cause mortality (RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.79, 1.16; risk difference per 1000 patients: 3 fewer, 95% CI: 16 fewer, 12 more; n = 6 trials with 7316 participants; GRADE = low) or the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity (very low- to low-certainty evidence). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. Vitamin D deficiency should be corrected in patients with type 2 diabetes to reach normal serum 25(OH)D concentrations, preferably 60 nmol/L. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This systemic review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022326429 (=https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=326429).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Daneshvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliyu Tijani Jibril
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - John D Sluyter
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mary Waterhouse
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Briony Duarte Romero
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhuang Y, Zhu Z, Chi P, Zhou H, Peng Z, Cheng H, Xin X, Luo W, Si S, Mo M, Chen D, Liu H, Yu Y. Efficacy of intermittent versus daily vitamin D supplementation on improving circulating 25(OH)D concentration: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1168115. [PMID: 37693250 PMCID: PMC10488712 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1168115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread issue globally, resulting in increased use of vitamin D supplements. However, it is unclear whether intermittent (weekly or monthly) vitamin D supplementation is as effective as daily supplementation in improving circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. Methods Three databases including Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to 10 November 2020. The risk of bias was evaluated according to Cochrane Collaboration's tool for rating methodological quality assessment. Direct and indirect comparisons between interventions and controls were performed by a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA), where the mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to indicate the efficacy. Results This NMA analysis included 116 RCTs with a total of 11,376 participants. Generally, we observed that 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly elevated regardless of vitamin D supplementation frequency. Although the findings of SUCRA indicated that daily vitamin D supplementation had a higher rank value than intermittent supplementation when the supplement dosage was similar, no statistically significant pooled mean differences of 25(OH)D concentration were noted between the daily supplementation group and intermittent supplementation group. Additionally, weekly supplementation with a total of 600,000 IU vitamin D supplementation during 3 months had the best efficacy in elevating 25(OH)D concentration (pooled MD = 63 nmol/L, 95%CI: 49-77). To achieve optimal 25(OH)D concentration (>75 nmol/L), we recommend 60,000 IU vitamin D supplementation monthly (~2,000 IU/day). Conclusion The efficacy of intermittent vitamin D supplementation was similar to daily supplementation. Coupled with its convenience, the frequency and dosage of intermittent vitamin D supplements were recommended to reach the optimal 25(OH)D level.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=257257, PROSPERO CRD42021257257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhuang
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peihan Chi
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Peng
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyue Cheng
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Xin
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenliang Luo
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Si
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjia Mo
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danqing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Woman's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Central Lab, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Cappola AR, Auchus RJ, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Handelsman DJ, Kalyani RR, McClung M, Stuenkel CA, Thorner MO, Verbalis JG. Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1835-1874. [PMID: 37326526 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals. Each section describes the natural history and observational data in older individuals, available therapies, clinical trial data on efficacy and safety in older individuals, key points, and scientific gaps. The goal of this statement is to inform future research that refines prevention and treatment strategies in age-associated endocrine conditions, with the goal of improving the health of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, Medical Service, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48015, USA
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Andrology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael McClung
- Oregon Osteoporosis Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Cynthia A Stuenkel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael O Thorner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph G Verbalis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Tang L, Zeng H, Yang B, Dong C, Li M, Zhang X, Pan J. Vitamin D is inversely associated with Monocyte to HDL-C ratio among medical staff in Chengdu, China. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:149. [PMID: 37438744 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective of this study was to explore the association of vitamin D with the monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR) among medical staff in Chengdu, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 538 medical staff, including 393 females and 145 males, and included data on gender, age, body mass index, and laboratory parameters (including complete blood count, vitamin D levels, lipid, etc.). According to serum 25 (OH)D < 20 ng/ml as vitamin D deficiency, subjects were divided into two groups based on serum 25 (OH)D levels: a vitamin D deficiency group with serum 25 (OH)D < 20 ng/ml and a vitamin D sufficiency group with serum 25 (OH)D ≥ 20 ng/ml. When considering vitamin D as a categorical variable, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. On the other hand, when examining the factors influencing vitamin D levels as a continuous variable, a multiple linear regression model was utilized. RESULTS The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 86.25% among all the participants. Males exhibited a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to females (β=0.383, P = 0.026). Vitamin D deficiency risk decreased with age (β = 0.910, P < 0.001). Additionally, elevated values of MHR were associated with an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (β = 1.530, P = 0.019). When treating vitamin D as a continuous variable, the results of multiple linear regression revealed that age (β = 0.342, P < 0.001), and TG (β=-1.327, P = 0.010) were independent influencing factors for vitamin D levels, indicating that vitamin D levels increase with age. A reverse association between MHR and vitamin D levels demonstrated a marginal trend toward significance (β=-0.581, P = 0.052). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D is inversely associated with MHR among young medical staff in Chengdu, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Honglian Zeng
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaohui Dong
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Pan
- Department of Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Abdelsalam M, Nagy E, Abdalbary M, Alsayed MA, Ali AAS, Ahmed RM, Alsuliamany ASM, Alyami AH, Althaqafi RMM, Alsaqqa RM, Ali SI, Aljohani B, Alghamdi AA, Alghamdi FA, Alsulaimani AA. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency in High Altitude Region in Saudi Arabia: Three-Year Retrospective Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2961-2970. [PMID: 37485454 PMCID: PMC10356959 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s418811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D has many functions in the human body, and its deficiency is associated with skeletal and non-skeletal diseases. Vitamin D deficiency (blood level of 25 (OH) vitamin D < 20 ng/mL) has been reported worldwide, including Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Its prevalence and associated factors vary according to KSA region. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in the Taif region of KSA. Methods This retrospective study included patients who attended outpatient clinics at the Alameen General Hospital from 2019 to 2021. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected using a hospital software system. Results The study included 2153 patients and vitamin D deficiency was diagnosed in 900 (41.8%) of whom were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency. It was more common in males (P=0.021), younger age (<0.001), and in patients without comorbidities. There was a positive correlation between 25 (OH) vitamin D levels and blood cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, calcium, and vitamin B12 levels. In the binary logistic regression analysis, age was the most significant predictor (P<0.001), followed by the absence of thyroid disease (P=0.012) and asthma (P=0.030). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common in the Saudi population despite sunny weather in KSA. It is more prevalent among males, younger individuals, and those without comorbidities such as thyroid diseases and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Abdelsalam
- Internal Medicine Department, Alameen General Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Nagy
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdalbary
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona Abdellatif Alsayed
- Internal Medicine Department, Alameen General Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr Abouzed Salama Ali
- Mansoura Medical District, Family Medicine Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ali H Alyami
- Department of Surgery, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Orthopedics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raad M M Althaqafi
- Orthopedic Surgery Department, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Safaa Ibrahim Ali
- General Medicine Faculty, Sechenov University, Moscow City, Russian Federation
| | - Bakar Aljohani
- Neuroradiology, AlHada Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Lee JH, Kim YA, Kim YS, Lee Y, Seo JH. Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Clinical Parameters in Men and Women Aged 50 Years or Older: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3043. [PMID: 37447368 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale and is connected to chronic health issues including diabetes, obesity, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDD and various clinical parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory markers. This cross-sectional cohort study included Korean men and women aged 50 years and older (290 men, 125 women); VDD was classified as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels below 20 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in men (64.5%) compared to that in women (35.2%). Men with VDD had higher fat mass and HbA1c levels, lower muscle strength, and worse physical performance. Among women, VDD was associated with higher BMI, HbA1c, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and creatinine levels. In women, 25(OH)D levels exhibited an inverse relationship with HbA1c, BMI, and TNF-α concentrations. However, there were no differences in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta according to vitamin D status in both men and women. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to higher HbA1c, BMI, and inflammatory markers in older Korean women, thus warranting the maintenance of sufficient vitamin D levels for overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye An Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
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Nuti R, Gennari L, Cavati G, Pirrotta F, Gonnelli S, Caffarelli C, Tei L, Merlotti D. Dietary Vitamin D Intake in Italian Subjects: Validation of a Frequency Food Questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrients 2023; 15:2969. [PMID: 37447294 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, relating to bone health and preventing metabolic bone disorders such as rickets and osteomalacia. Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-OH-D values <20 ng/mL or 50 nmol/L) is common also in Italian people; it is recommended to maintain levels above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) in categories at risk. Supplementation and/or fortification with either ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) or cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) aimed to modify this condition have commonly been proposed. Studies about vitamin D intake are numerous in the literature but not adequately designed and are very often incomplete in Mediterranean Countries such as in the Italian population. On these bases, we performed a survey to validate a frequency food questionnaire (FFQ) specifically created to rapidly assess dietary vitamin D intake in Italian people. For this aim, the data of questionnaires were compared with results derived in the same population from a designed 14-day frequency food diary (FFD). Overall, a good correlation between FFQ and FFD was observed (r = 0.89, p < 0.001), both demonstrating a remarkably low vitamin D intake, irrespective of age and gender. Our data confirm that the vitamin D intake is very low in Italy, which likely contributes to hypovitaminosis D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranuccio Nuti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Cavati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Filippo Pirrotta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Carla Caffarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luciano Tei
- Italian Study Group on Metabolic Bone Disorders (GISMO), 00132 Roma, Italy
| | - Daniela Merlotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
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di Filippo L, Uygur M, Locatelli M, Nannipieri F, Frara S, Giustina A. Low vitamin D levels predict outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospitalization. Endocrine 2023; 80:669-683. [PMID: 36854858 PMCID: PMC9974397 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low vitamin D in COVID-19 have been related to worse outcomes. However, most of the studies conducted so far were not-controlled and retrospective, including biases potentially influencing this association. We evaluated 25(OH)vitamin D levels of patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospital-admission, and in a cohort of control subjects. Moreover, we evaluated sACE-2 levels to investigate the mechanisms underlying the association between vitamin D and COVID-19. METHODS COVID-19 patients were enrolled in a matched for age, sex and comorbidities 1:1-ratio based on the presence/or not of respiratory-distress/severe-disease at hospital-admission. Control matched subjects were enrolled from an outpatient-setting. RESULTS Seventy-three COVID-19 patients (36 severe and 37 non-severe) and 30 control subjects were included. We observed a higher vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) prevalence in COVID-19 patients than control subjects (75% vs 43%). No differences were found regarding 25(OH)vitamin D and sACE-2 levels between patients with and without severe-disease at study entry. During the disease-course, in the severe group a life-threatening disease occurred in 17 patients (47.2%), and, in the non-severe group, a worsening disease occurred in 10 (27%). 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at admission, were negatively correlated with sACE-2 levels, and were lower in patients whose disease worsened as compared to those in whom it did not, independently from the disease severity at admission. In multivariate-analysis, lower 25(OH)vitamin D resulted as an independent risk factor for disease worsening. CONCLUSIONS 25(OH)vitamin D levels at hospital-admission strongly predicted the occurrence of worsening outcomes in COVID-19 independently of the disease severity at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi di Filippo
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Melin Uygur
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Locatelli
- Laboratory Medicine Service, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Frara
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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Taloyan M, Steiner KH, Östenson CG, Salminen H. Fasting plasma glucose and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in individuals with Middle Eastern and Swedish descent. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1-7. [PMID: 37363201 PMCID: PMC10201497 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine fasting plasma glucose and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) levels and associations between abnormal fasting plasma glucose levels and inadequate s-25(OH)D levels in individuals of Middle Eastern and Swedish descent. Methods Observational study with individuals without a diabetes diagnosis, 54.5% of Swedish descent and 45.5% of Middle Eastern descent. In total, 830 participants from two primary healthcare centres in Flemingsberg and Jakobsberg, which are southern and northern suburbs, respectively, of Stockholm, Sweden were included in the study. Results Prevalence of inadequate s-25(OH)D levels (at or below 50 nmol/L) was 67.2% among those of Middle Eastern descent and 20.5% among those of Swedish descent (P < 0.001). S-25(OH)D levels correlated weakly positively with fasting plasma glucose levels (ρ = 0.20, P = 0.002) in individuals of Middle Eastern descent. Being of Middle Eastern descent (OR 6.7, 95% CI 4.3-10.4) and having abnormal fasting plasma glucose (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.9) were independent predictors of having inadequate s-25(OH)D levels. Conclusions Healthcare in Sweden should consider testing fasting plasma glucose and s-25(OH)D levels, particularly in individuals of Middle Eastern descent. The unclear relationship between vitamin D and glucose levels warrants investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01226-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Taloyan
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 23, Huddinge, S-141 83 Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Box 45436, Stockholm, 104 31 Sweden
| | | | - Claes-Göran Östenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Helena Salminen
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 23, Huddinge, S-141 83 Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Box 45436, Stockholm, 104 31 Sweden
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Bai K, Dong H, Liu L, She X, Liu C, Yu M, Liang Z, Lin H, Ke P, Huang X, Wu X, Zhang Q, Zhao B. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of a large Chinese population from 30 provinces by LC-MS/MS measurement for consecutive 3 years: differences by age, sex, season and province. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1503-1516. [PMID: 36692589 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to describe the vitamin D status and its distribution in different age groups, sexes, seasons, and provinces of a large Chinese population. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 1,528,685 results of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the central laboratory of KingMed Diagnostics. The samples were from the individuals aged 0-119 years old in 30 provinces of China. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by an accurate commercial liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method from January 2017 to December 2019. The subjects were stratified by age, sex, the season of blood collection, and the province of residence. RESULTS The median 25(OH)D concentration was 25.5 ng/mL (interquartile range (IQR) 18.7-32.7 ng/mL) in males and 20.8 ng/mL (IQR 14.4-28.2 ng/mL) in females. Overall, the median 25(OH)D concentration decreased with age in both males and females. Males had a 0.2-2.4 ng/mL higher median 25(OH)D concentration than females in different age groups. Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 15 ng/mL for the individuals under 14 years old; < 20 ng/mL for the individuals over 14 years old) was found in 21.3% of males and 43.6% of females. Significant seasonal variation of serum 25(OH)D concentrations was repeatedly observed in 3 years, with median concentration higher in summer (25.3 ng/mL (IQR 19.3-31.9 ng/mL)) and lower in winter (18.5 ng/mL (IQR 12.3-26.6 ng/mL)). Vitamin D status varied by province. The median 25(OH)D concentration was the highest in Hainan (31.0 ng/mL (IQR 24.9-39.2 ng/mL)) and the lowest in Qinghai (14.4 ng/mL (IQR 9.6-20.0 ng/mL)). 25(OH)D2 was detected in 12.2% of the results, and no significant seasonal variation was observed. CONCLUSION In China, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the population participating in clinical vitamin D measurement. Age and sex differences in vitamin D levels were observed in our study. Seasonal variation and provincial differences are important aspects of serum vitamin D status. 25(OH)D2 cannot be ignored entirely in clinical measurement practice in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District Foshan City), Foshan, 528318, China
| | - Xuhui She
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Mujun Yu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhihui Liang
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Haibiao Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Peifeng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xinzhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Qiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- KingMed College of Laboratory Medical of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Elmoselhi AB, Seif Allah M, Bouzid A, Ibrahim Z, Venkatachalam T, Siddiqui R, Khan NA, Hamoudi RA. Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers of early vascular damage in vitamin D deficiency, obese, and diabetic patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283608. [PMID: 36952563 PMCID: PMC10035929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 deficiency, obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM) have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the early detection of vascular damage in those patients is still difficult to ascertain. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized to play a critical role in initiation and pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction. Herein, we aimed to identify circulating miRNA biomarkers of vascular dysfunction as early predictors of CVDs. We have recruited 23 middle-aged Emiratis patients with the following criteria: A healthy control group with vitamin D ≥ 20ng, and BMI < 30 (C1 group = 11 individuals); A vitamin D deficiency (Vit D level ≤ 20 ng) and obese (BMI ≥ 30) group (A1 group = 9 patients); A vitamin D deficiency, obese, plus DM (A2 group = 3 patients). Arterial stiffness via pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured and the whole transcriptome analysis with qPCR validation for miRNA in plasma samples were tested. PWV relative to age was significantly higher in A1 group 19.4 ± 4.7 m/s and A2 group 18.3 ± 1.3 m/s compared to controls 14.7 ± 2.1 m/s (p < 0.05). Similar patterns were also observed in the Augmentation pressure (AP) and Alx%. Whole RNA-Sequencing revealed miR-182-5p; miR-199a-5p; miR-193a-5p; and miR-155-5p were differentially over-expressed (logFC > 1.5) in high-risk patients for CVDs vs healthy controls. Collectively, our result indicates that four specific circulating miRNA signature, may be utilized as non-invasive, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early vascular damage in patients suffering from vitamin D deficiency, obesity and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel B. Elmoselhi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohamed Seif Allah
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Amal Bouzid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Zeinab Ibrahim
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Thenmozhi Venkatachalam
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rifat A. Hamoudi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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47
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Kuang L, Liang Z, Wang C, Lin T, Zhang Y, Zhu B. Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels in Children with Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by Respiratory Virus or Atypical Pathogen Infection. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061486. [PMID: 36986216 PMCID: PMC10056357 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to clarify the involvement of vitamin D status in virus or atypical pathogens infection in children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). In this retrospective study, 295 patients with ARIs were attacked by a respiratory virus or a single atypical pathogen; 17 patients with ARIs induced by two pathogens, and 636 healthy children were included. Serum 25(OH)D levels of all children were measured. Oropharyngeal samples of the patients for viruses or atypical pathogens were studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In our studies, 58.98% of the 295 single-infected subjects and 76.47% of the 17 co-infected subjects had 25(OH)D levels below the recommended 50.0 nmol/L; the mean 25(OH)D levels were 48.48 ± 19.91 nmol/L and 44.12 ± 12.78 nmol/L. Low serum 25(OH)D levels were remarkable in patients with one of seven viruses or atypical pathogens infected. These results were significantly different from those in the healthy group. There were no significant differences in 25(OH)D levels between single infection and co-infection groups. There were no differences in severity among means of 25(OH)D levels. Female or >6-year-old children patients with low serum 25(OH)D levels were more vulnerable to pathogenic respiratory pathogens. However, serum 25(OH)D levels may be related to the recovery of ARIs. These findings provide additional evidence for the development of strategies to prevent ARIs in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kuang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhuofu Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Changbing Wang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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48
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Cui A, Zhang T, Xiao P, Fan Z, Wang H, Zhuang Y. Global and regional prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in population-based studies from 2000 to 2022: A pooled analysis of 7.9 million participants. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1070808. [PMID: 37006940 PMCID: PMC10064807 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1070808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundVitamin D deficiency causes the bone hypomineralization disorder osteomalacia in humans and is associated with many non-skeletal disorders. We aim to estimate the global and regional prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in people aged 1 year or older from 2000 to 2022.MethodsWe systematically searched Web of Science, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Scopus, and Google databases on December 31, 2021, and updated them on August 20, 2022, without language and time restrictions. Meanwhile, we identified references of relevant system reviews and eligible articles and included the latest and unpublished data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2015–2016 and 2017–2018) database. The studies investigating the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in population-based studies were included. A standardized data extraction form was used to collect information from eligible studies. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the global and regional prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. We stratified meta-analyses by latitude, season, six WHO regions, the World Bank income groups, gender, and age groups. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021292586).FindingsOut of 67,340 records searched, 308 studies with 7,947,359 participants from 81 countries were eligible for this study, 202 (7,634,261 participants), 284 (1,475,339 participants), and 165 (561,978 participants) studies for the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D <30, <50, and <75 nmol/L, respectively. We found that globally, 15.7% (95% CrI 13.7–17.8), 47.9% (95% CrI 44.9–50.9), and 76·6% (95% CrI 74.0–79.1) of participants had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels less than 30, 50, and 75 nmol/l, respectively; the prevalence slightly decreased from 2000–2010 to 2011–2022, but it was still at a high level; people living in high latitude areas had a higher prevalence; the prevalence in winter-spring was 1.7 (95% CrI 1.4–2.0) times that in summer-autumn; the Eastern Mediterranean region and Lower-middle-income countries had a higher prevalence; females were vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency; gender, sampling frame, detection assays, sampling region, time of data collection, season, and other factors contributed to heterogeneity between the included studies.InterpretationGlobally, vitamin D deficiency remained prevalent from 2000 to 2022. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency would increase the global burden of disease. Therefore, governments, policymakers, health workers, and individuals should attach importance to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and take its prevention as a public health priority.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021292586, PROSPERO CRD42021292586.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyong Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tiansong Zhang
- Jing'an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peilong Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Hu Wang
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Zhuang
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49
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Plotnikoff GA, Dobberstein L, Raatz S. Nutritional Assessment of the Symptomatic Patient on a Plant-Based Diet: Seven Key Questions. Nutrients 2023; 15:1387. [PMID: 36986117 PMCID: PMC10056340 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets, both vegan and vegetarian, which emphasize grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, and seeds are increasingly popular for health as well as financial, ethical, and religious reasons. The medical literature clearly demonstrates that whole food plant-based diets can be both nutritionally sufficient and medically beneficial. However, any person on an intentionally restrictive, but poorly-designed diet may predispose themselves to clinically-relevant nutritional deficiencies. For persons on a poorly-designed plant-based diet, deficiencies are possible in both macronutrients (protein, essential fatty acids) and micronutrients (vitamin B12, iron, calcium, zinc, and vitamin D). Practitioner evaluation of symptomatic patients on a plant-based diet requires special consideration of seven key nutrient concerns for plant-based diets. This article translates these concerns into seven practical questions that all practitioners can introduce into their patient assessments and clinical reasoning. Ideally, persons on plant-based diets should be able to answer these seven questions. Each serves as a heuristic prompt for both clinician and patient attentiveness to a complete diet. As such, these seven questions support increased patient nutrition knowledge and practitioner capacity to counsel, refer, and appropriately focus clinical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Raatz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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50
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Sha S, Nguyen TMN, Kuznia S, Niedermaier T, Zhu A, Brenner H, Schöttker B. Real-world evidence for the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reduction of total and cause-specific mortality. J Intern Med 2023; 293:384-397. [PMID: 36208176 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for reduced cancer mortality, all-cause mortality, and respiratory tract infections. However, whether and to what extent this translates into effectiveness in real-world practice is unknown. METHODS We assessed the association of vitamin D supplement use (as an over-the-counter drug or as part of a multivitamin product), vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25[OH]D <30 nmol/L), and insufficiency (25[OH]D 30 to <50 nmol/L) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 445,601 participants, aged 40-73 years, from the UK Biobank cohort. RESULTS A total of 4.3% and a further 20.4% of the study participants reported regularly taking vitamin D or multivitamin supplements, respectively. Still, the majority had either vitamin D deficiency (21.0%) or insufficiency (34.3%). We detected 49 independent determinants of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplement use and used them to adjust Cox regression models for all mortality outcomes. A total of 29,107 (6.5%) participants died during a median follow-up time of 11.8 years. Both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were strongly associated with all mortality outcomes. Self-reported vitamin D supplement use (83% over-the-counter/17% prescription drugs) and multivitamin intake were significantly associated with 10% and 5% lower all-cause mortality, respectively. Furthermore, regular vitamin D supplement users had 11%, 11%, and 29% lower cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease mortality than nonusers, respectively (not significant for cardiovascular disease mortality). CONCLUSION This large study suggests that in the real world, the efficacy of vitamin D supplements in reducing mortality may be at least as good as observed in RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sha
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thi Mai Ngoc Nguyen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kuznia
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Niedermaier
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Zhu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Ageing Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Ageing Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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