1
|
Sudunagunta VS, Viny AD. Untangling the loops of STAG2 mutations in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39264305 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2400210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous myeloid neoplasm that is hallmarked by the acquisition of genetic events that disrupt normal trilineage hematopoiesis and results in bone marrow dysfunction. Somatic genes involving transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, DNA methylation, and chromatin modification are often implicated in disease pathogenesis. The cohesin complex, composed of SMC1, SMC3, RAD21, and either STAG1 or STAG2, has been identified as a recurrent mutational target with STAG2 mutations accounting for more than half of all cohesin mutations in myeloid malignancies. In the last decade, STAG2 cohesin biology has been of great interest given its role in transcriptional activation, association with poorer prognosis, and lack of mutation-specific therapies. This review discusses the clinical landscape of cohesin mutant myeloid malignancies, particularly STAG2 mutant MDS, including molecular features of STAG2 mutations, clinical implications of cohesin mutant neoplasms, and the current understanding of the pathophysiological function of STAG2 mutations in MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun S Sudunagunta
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron D Viny
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pietka G, De Lord C, Matthias G, Cheung B, Atwal S, Furtado M, Cullis J, Grey-Davies L, Narayanan S, McGregor A, Kilner M, Bosworth J, McMullin MF, Coats T, Parcharidou A, Cavenagh J, Byrne J, Iyengar S, Mohammed K, Cross N, Hubank M, Ribeiro S, Khorashad J, Wren D, O'Connor S, Taussig D. Capture-based targeted sequencing using a T-cell control in myeloid malignancies and idiopathic cytopenias. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1325-1334. [PMID: 38462984 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
We report on a study of next-generation sequencing in 257 patients undergoing investigations for cytopenias. We sequenced bone marrow aspirates using a target enrichment panel comprising 82 genes and used T cells from paired blood as a control. One hundred and sixty patients had idiopathic cytopenias, 81 had myeloid malignancies and 16 had lymphoid malignancies or other diagnoses. Forty-seven of the 160 patients with idiopathic cytopenias had evidence of somatic pathogenic variants consistent with clonal cytopenias. Only 39 genes of the 82 tested were mutated in the 241 patients with either idiopathic cytopenias or myeloid neoplasms. We confirm that T cells can be used as a control to distinguish between germline and somatic variants. The use of paired analysis with a T-cell control significantly reduced the time molecular scientists spent reporting compared to unpaired analysis. We identified somatic variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in a higher proportion (24%) of patients with myeloid malignancies or clonal cytopenias compared to less than 2% of patients with non-clonal cytopenias. This suggests that somatic VUS are indicators of a clonal process. Lastly, we show that blood depleted of lymphocytes can be used in place of bone marrow as a source of material for sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Pietka
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Department of Translational Research, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Corinne De Lord
- Department of Haematology, St Helier Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Gwynn Matthias
- Department of Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Betty Cheung
- Department of Haematology, Croydon University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sangeeta Atwal
- Department of Haematology, Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michelle Furtado
- Department of Haematology, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cornwall, Truro, UK
| | - Jonathan Cullis
- Department of Haematology, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Liz Grey-Davies
- Department of Haematology, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Andrew McGregor
- Department of Haematology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mari Kilner
- Department of Haematology, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Tyneside, UK
| | - Jenny Bosworth
- Department of Haematology, St Helier Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Thomas Coats
- Department of Haematology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Jamie Cavenagh
- Department of Haematology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jenny Byrne
- Department of Haematology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sunil Iyengar
- Department of Haematology, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Kabir Mohammed
- Department of Statistics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Cross
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Genomics Laboratory Service, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Mike Hubank
- Department of Translational Research, Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Clinical Genomics (Research), Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sara Ribeiro
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, London, UK
| | - Jamshid Khorashad
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, London, UK
| | - Dorte Wren
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Simon O'Connor
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Taussig
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|