1
|
Chen PY, Jia F, Wu W, Wang MH, Chao TY. Dealing with missing data in multi-informant studies: A comparison of approaches. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:6498-6519. [PMID: 38418689 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-024-02367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Multi-informant studies are popular in social and behavioral science. However, their data analyses are challenging because data from different informants carry both shared and unique information and are often incomplete. Using Monte Carlo Simulation, the current study compares three approaches that can be used to analyze incomplete multi-informant data when there is a distinction between reference and nonreference informants. These approaches include a two-method measurement model for planned missing data (2MM-PMD), treating nonreference informants' reports as auxiliary variables with the full-information maximum likelihood method or multiple imputation, and listwise deletion. The result suggests that 2MM-PMD, when correctly specified and data are missing at random, has the best overall performance among the examined approaches regarding point estimates, type I error rates, and statistical power. In addition, it is also more robust to data that are not missing at random.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yi Chen
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106308.
| | - Fan Jia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Tzi-Yang Chao
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106308
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Borodovsky JT, Squeglia LM, Mewton L, Marsch LA. Longitudinal Use Patterns of Technology Subtypes During the Transition Into Early Adolescence: Results From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. J Adolesc Health 2024:S1054-139X(24)00304-5. [PMID: 39140927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents encounter a complex digital environment, yet existing data on youth technology use rarely differentiates technology subtypes. This study maps the evolution and intricacies of youth engagement with technology subtypes. METHODS N = 11,868 participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study followed from ages ∼9/10 to ∼13/14. We examined youths' self-reported hours per day (hr/day) of technology subtypes: TV/Movies, video games, YouTube, social media, video chat, and texting. We used descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal use patterns of technology subtypes, agreement between child and parent reports on the child's technology use, and associations between each technology subtype and sociodemographics (child's biological sex, parent education, income, and marital status). RESULTS At age 9/10, ∼75% of youth reported minimal (<30 min/day) social technology use (social media, video chat, texting) and up to ∼1.5 hr/day of TV, video games, and YouTube. By age 13/14, TV trajectories were converging to >2 hr/day, but social technology trajectories "fanned out" into a wide range of usage rates. Child and parent reports were weakly correlated (rs range: 0.13-0.29). Using child-reported hours of technology use, increases in the subject-specific odds of using a technology >2 hr/day ranged from 25% (YouTube; 95% CI: 1.16-1.35) to 234% (social media; 95% CI: 3.14-3.55). Compared with males, females had ∼100-200% greater odds of >2 hr/day of social technologies, but ∼40-80% reduced odds of >2 hr/day of video games and YouTube. Higher parent education and income predicted significantly lower odds of >2 hr/day of use - regardless of technology subtype. DISCUSSION Distributions of youths' self-reported technology engagement are highly contingent on technology subtype, age, and biological sex. Future research on youth development and technology may benefit from considering youths' varied digital experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Borodovsky
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Louise Mewton
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Syndey, Australia
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fjermestad KW, Wallin MH, Naujokat F, McLeod BD, Silverman WK, Öst LG, Lerner MD, Heiervang ER, Wergeland GJ. Group cohesion and alliance predict cognitive-behavioral group treatment outcomes for youth with anxiety disorders. Cogn Behav Ther 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39105346 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2024.2385906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge about how to enhance group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) outcomes is needed. In a randomized controlled effectiveness trial, we examined group cohesion (the bond between group members) and the alliance (the client-clinician bond) as predictors of GCBT outcomes. The sample was 88 youth (M age 11.7 years, SD = 2.1; 54.5% girls; 90.7% White) with anxiety disorders. Observers rated group cohesion and alliance in 32 sessions from 16 groups. We examined early group cohesion and alliance (r = .50, p < .001) and group cohesion and alliance change from early to late in treatment in relation to outcomes using generalized estimation equations accounting for nesting within groups (ICCs .31 to .55). The outcomes were diagnostic recovery, clinical severity, and parent- and youth-reported anxiety symptoms, each at post-treatment, 12-months, and 4-years follow-up. There were more significant associations with 4-years follow-up than earlier outcomes. Clinical severity and parent-reported anxiety symptoms were more frequently predicted than diagnostic recovery. Clinician- and parent-reported outcomes were far more frequently significantly predicted by cohesion and alliance than youth-rated outcomes. We conclude that group cohesion and alliance are related but distinct variables, both associated with some GCBT outcomes for as long as 4 years after treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Malin H Wallin
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Bryce D McLeod
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Wendy K Silverman
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lars-Göran Öst
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew D Lerner
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Einar R Heiervang
- Tynset Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Gro Janne Wergeland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen M, Ren L, Jiang H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Dong C. Discrepancies in perceived family resilience between adolescents with chronic illness and parents: using response surface analysis to examine the relationship with adolescents' psychological adjustment. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:475. [PMID: 38937737 PMCID: PMC11210177 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore discrepancies in adolescents with chronic illness and their parents' perceptions of family resilience, as well as the relationship between these differences and the psychological adjustment of adolescents with chronic illness. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 264 dyads of parents (77.7% mothers, mean age 41.60 years, SD = 6.17) and adolescents (48.5% girls, mean age 12.68 years, SD = 2.11) with chronic illness were recruited through convenience sampling from three children's hospitals in Wenzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai, China between June 2022 and May 2023. The Chinese version of the Family Resilience Scale and the Psychological Adjustment Scale, which are commonly used measures with good reliability and validity, were employed to assess family resilience and psychological adaption, respectively. The data were analyzed using polynomial regression and response surface analysis. RESULTS Adolescents with chronic illness reported higher family resilience than their parents (t=-2.80, p < 0.05). The correlations between family resilience and adolescents' psychological adjustment reported by the adolescents (r = 0.45-0.48) were higher than parents (r = 0.18-0.23). In the line of congruence, there were positive linear (a1 = 1.09-1.60, p < 0.001) and curvilinear (a2=-1.38∼-0.72, p < 0.05) associations between convergent family resilience and adolescents' psychological adjustment. In the line of incongruence, when adolescents reported lower family resilience than parents, adolescents had a lower level of psychological adjustment (a3=-1.02∼-0.45, p < 0.05). Adolescents' sociability decreased when the perceived family resilience of parent-adolescent dyads converged (a4 = 1.36, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The findings highlighted the importance of considering the discrepancies and congruence of family resilience in the parent-child dyads when developing interventions to improve the psychological adjustment of adolescents with chronic illness. Interventions aimed at strengthening family communication to foster the convergence of perceptions of family resilience in parent-adolescent dyads were warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liya Ren
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Clinical Skills Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chan HK, Rowe R, Carroll D. Factors associated with parent-teacher hyperactivity/inattention screening discrepancy: Findings from a UK national sample. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299980. [PMID: 38758772 PMCID: PMC11101030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To fulfil the diagnostic criteria of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the Fifth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), symptoms should be observed in two or more settings. This implies that diagnostic procedures require observations reported from informants in different settings, such as teachers in school and caregivers at home. This study examined parent-teacher agreement in reporting hyperactivity/inattention and its relationship with child's, parent's, and family's characteristics. METHOD We used data from the 2004 United Kingdom Mental Health of Children and Young People survey, including 7977 children aged 4-17, to investigate cross-informant agreement between parents and teachers on the hyperactivity-inattention subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The characteristics of different patterns of informant agreement were assessed using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Cross-informant agreement of parent and teacher was low (weighted kappa = .34, 95% C.I.: .31, .37). Some characteristics, such as male child and parental emotional distress, were associated with higher likelihood of parent-teacher discrepancy. CONCLUSION We found low informant agreement in the hyperactive/inattention subscale, as hypothesised and consistent with previous studies. The current study has found several factors that predict discrepancy, which were partly consistent with previous research. Possible explanation, implications, and further research on parent-teacher informant discrepancy in reporting hyperactivity/inattention were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hei Ka Chan
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Rowe
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Carroll
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gionet S, Lord M, Plourde V. The diagnosis of ADHD in children and adolescents with epilepsy: a scoping review. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-33. [PMID: 38588042 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2337954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often diagnosed in children and adolescents with epilepsy, but clear clinical guidelines on how to make this diagnosis are still lacking. Without these guidelines, there is no consensus between specialists on how to proceed when assessing children with epilepsy for ADHD, which can negatively impact the quality of care being offered to this population. As a first step toward gaining more specific clinical guidelines, this scoping review was aimed at documenting the tools and procedures used to diagnose ADHD in children and adolescents with epilepsy over time and at determining whether the diagnoses were made in accordance with clinical guidelines and recommendations. The literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL. Studies were included if conducted with children and adolescents aged between 4 and 18 years with epilepsy being evaluated for ADHD. Studies were clustered according to their publication date and the reported diagnostic procedures were identified. Forty-nine out of 3854 records were included. Results highlight discrepancies between how ADHD was diagnosed in reviewed studies and clinical guidelines or recommendations. Indeed, most studies did not use a multi-method and multi-informant approach when diagnosing ADHD in children with epilepsy, with no improvement over time. Future studies aimed at diagnosing ADHD in children and adolescents should ensure that they are following clinical guidelines and recommendations, in addition to adapting their diagnostic procedures to the presence of any neurological comorbidities, such as epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryse Lord
- École de Psychologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, Canada
| | - Vickie Plourde
- École de Psychologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, Canada
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Université de Sherbrooke, Moncton, Canada
- Faculté Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian L, Xin C, Zheng Y, Liu G. Parent-adolescent discrepancies in positive parenting and adolescent problem behaviors in Chinese families. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25016. [PMID: 38322850 PMCID: PMC10844105 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the discrepancy-maladaptive hypothesis and general strain theory, in this study, we examined two key aspects: first, the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between parent-adolescent discrepancies in positive parenting and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems, and second, variations in problem behavior among subgroups with different parent-adolescent dyads reporting patterns. The participants were 349 intact Chinese families, with parents as the primary caregivers and teenagers aged 15-18 years who are attending secondary vocational schools. The results revealed that adolescents generally perceived lower levels of caring and behavioral control than parents. Compared to behavioral control, discrepancies in perceived levels of caring had more significant predicting levels of internalizing and externalizing problems, and the relationship between discrepancies of caring and internalizing and externalizing problems was mediated by self-control. Latent profile analysis revealed three parent-adolescent responding patterns (subgroups); compared to the other subgroups, only the subgroup characterized by adolescents perceiving lower caring and behavioral control than parents exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. The findings of this study provide insights on how parent-adolescent discrepancies may lead to adolescent problem behaviors and highlight the importance of self-control as a mediating mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Tian
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Cong Xin
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Yuanxia Zheng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Guoxiong Liu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
- Institute of Moral Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lamela D, Pasion R, Costa R, Pinto TM, Morais A, Jongenelen I. Mother-child reporting discrepancies of child physical abuse: Associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 147:106575. [PMID: 38041965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mother-child discrepancies frequently occur in reports of child physical abuse. Such report discrepancies raise important challenges for interpreting and integrating data from multiple informants in forensic and clinical settings. OBJECTIVES The main goal of this study was to identify patterns of mother-child discrepancies in reporting CPA using latent profile analysis. We then tested differences between profiles on mothers' mental health problems and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants were 159 mother-child dyads with police-documented exposure to intimate partner violence. METHOD Participants were recruited from Child Protective Services and shelter residences from all regions of Portugal. After obtaining informed consent, assessment protocols were administered separately to mothers and children. RESULTS We identified two convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on reports of both high and low exposure to CPA) and one divergent profile (the child reported significantly higher exposure to CPA than the mother). Mothers from the divergent profile reported more depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms than mothers from the convergent profiles. Children of the divergent profile and one of the convergent profiles (mother-child agreement on high exposure to CPA) showed the highest internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate how examining informant discrepancies in the assessment of abusive parenting practices increases our understanding of children's psychological adjustment in high-risk contexts.
Collapse
|
9
|
Langfus JA, Chen YL, Janos JA, Youngstrom JK, Findling RL, Youngstrom EA. Psychometric Properties and Clinical Utility of CBCL and P-GBI Sleep Items in Children and Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37972333 PMCID: PMC11096265 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2272965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep is crucial to overall health, playing a complex role in a wide range of mental health concerns in children and adults. Nevertheless, clinicians may not routinely assess sleep problems due to lack of awareness or limitations such as cost or time. Scoring sleep-related items embedded on broader scales may help clinicians get more out of tools they are already using. The current study explores evidence of reliability, validity, and clinical utility of sleep-related items embedded on two caregiver-report tools: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Parent General Behavior Inventory (P-GBI). METHOD Youth aged 5-18 years and their parents were recruited from both an academic medical center (N = 759) and an urban community health center (N = 618). Caregivers completed the CBCL and P-GBI as part of a more comprehensive outpatient evaluation. Exploratory factor analyses, multi-group confirmatory factor analyses, and graded response models evaluated dimensionality, reliability, and invariance across samples. Correlations and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses probed associations with diagnostic and demographic variables. RESULTS Two subscales emerged for each itemset. Across both samples, P-GBI sleep subscales were more reliable and consistent than CBCL sleep subscales, showed greater coverage of sleepiness and insomnia constructs, were better at discriminating individuals within a wider range of sleep complaints, and showed significant correlation with mood disorder diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS The P-GBI sleep items provide a brief, reliable measure for assessing distinct dimensions of sleep complaints and detecting mood symptoms or diagnoses related to the youth's sleep functioning, making them a useful addition to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Langfus
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Jessica A. Janos
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jennifer K. Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert L. Findling
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Eric A. Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Helping Give Away Psychological Science, 501c3
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lamela D, Jongenelen I. Discrepancies in Mother-Child Reports of Child's Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: Associations With Externalizing Symptoms. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:11314-11331. [PMID: 37227025 PMCID: PMC10466951 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231173434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The type and frequency of children's exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) are considered as key variables in understanding children's heightened risk of externalizing symptoms. Notably, children's exposure to IPV has been primarily measured using mothers' reports of their own victimization. However, mothers and children might differently perceive children's exposure to physical IPV. To date, no research has investigated multi-rater reporting discrepancies in child's exposure to physical IPV and whether such discrepancies would be linked to externalizing symptoms. This study aimed to identify patterns of mother-child discrepancies in child's exposure to physical IPV and examine whether those patterns would be associated with children's externalizing symptoms. Participants were mothers who have experienced police-reported male-perpetrated IPV and their children (n = 153; 4-10 years). Latent profile analysis identified three profiles of mother-child discrepancies: a concordant group reporting high IPV exposure; a discordant group with mothers and children reporting high and low child's IPV exposure, respectively; a second discordant group with mothers and children reporting low and moderate IPV exposure, respectively. Profiles of mother-child discrepancies were differentially associated with children's externalizing symptoms. Findings suggest that discrepancies among informants' ratings of children's IPV exposure might have important implications for measurement, assessment, and treatment.
Collapse
|
11
|
Murray A, Speyer L, Thye M, Stewart T, Obsuth I, Kane J, Whyte K, Devaney J, Rohde LA, Ushakova A, Rhodes S. Illuminating the daily life experiences of adolescents with and without ADHD: protocol for an ecological momentary assessment study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e077222. [PMID: 37775284 PMCID: PMC10546102 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at elevated risk of a range of difficulties, among which emotion regulation, peer and co-occurring mental health problems are prominent challenges. To better support adolescents with ADHD, ecologically valid interventions that can be embedded in daily life to target the most proximal antecedents of these challenges are needed. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) designs are ideally suited to meeting this need. METHODS AND ANALYSES In the mental health in the moment ADHD study, we will use an EMA design to capture the daily life experiences of approximately 120 adolescents aged 11-14 years with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD and the same number of age-matched and gender-matched peers without a diagnosis of ADHD. We will combine this with comprehensive information gathered from online surveys. Analysing the data using techniques such as dynamic structural equation modelling, we will examine, among other research questions, the role of emotion regulation and peer problems in mediating the links between characteristics of ADHD and commonly co-occurring outcomes such as anxiety, depression and conduct problems. The results can help inform interventions to support improved peer functioning and emotion regulation for adolescents with ADHD. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study received a favourable ethical opinion through the National Health Service ethical review board and the University of Edinburgh PPLS Research Ethics panel. The results will be disseminated through journal publications, conferences and seminar presentations and to relevant stakeholders, such as those with ADHD, their families and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aja Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lydia Speyer
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Melissa Thye
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tracy Stewart
- Moray House of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ingrid Obsuth
- Clinical and Health Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer Kane
- Clinical and Health Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katie Whyte
- Department of Psychology, St Andrew's University, St Andrews, UK
| | - John Devaney
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- ADHD Outpatient Program and Developmental Psychiatry Program, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry & National Center for Research and Innovation in Mental Health, Sao Paolo, Brazil
- UniEduk, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Anastasia Ushakova
- Centre for Computing, Health Informatics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Sinead Rhodes
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kristen A, Salari R, Moretti M, Osman F. Attachment and trauma-informed programme to support forcibly displaced parents of youth in Sweden: feasibility and preliminary outcomes of the eConnect Online programme. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072368. [PMID: 37550024 PMCID: PMC10407377 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility, acceptability and the impact of an online parenting programme for forcibly displaced parents of adolescents. DESIGN The study was a single-arm feasibility study using pre-intervention post-intervention and follow-up assessments. SETTING Participants were recruited from municipality-based activities for refugee parents in a small city in the south of Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Participants were forcibly displaced parents (n=23; 47.8% maternal figures) of youth (n=23; 8-17 years old; 26.1% female) from Syria, Afghanistan and Somalia participating in an online parenting programme (eConnect). INTERVENTION eConnect is an attachment-based and trauma-informed parenting intervention and was delivered over the course of 10 weekly sessions. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility was assessed by programme enrolment, attendance, completion and acceptability of the online platform and cultural fit of the programme. Primary outcome measures were programme impact on youth mental health problems. Secondary outcome measures were programme impact on family functioning and parent-child attachment insecurity. RESULTS The eConnect programme was highly feasible in terms of overall enrolment (100%), attendance (89.6%) and retention rates (100%). The online platform was acceptable, with mixed feedback primarily related to the access and usage of technology. Cultural fit of the programme was acceptable. Youth mental health problems (η 2=0.29) and family functioning significantly improved (η 2=0.18) over the course of the programme. Unexpectedly, parent reports of youth attachment insecurity significantly worsened (η 2=0.16). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the online delivery of Connect was a promising way to reduce barriers to service access and improve mental health problems and family functioning among forcibly displaced parents and their children during COVID-19. Future research is needed to explore the acceptability and impact of this programme post-COVID-19, and to develop culturally tailored and psychometrically sound measures for parent and youth reports of attachment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristen
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raziye Salari
- Child Health and Parenting, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala Universitet Institutionen for folkhalso- och vardvetenskap, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marlene Moretti
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fatumo Osman
- School of Health and Welfare, Hogskolan Dalarna, Falun, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vanwoerden S, McLaren V, Stepp SD, Sharp C. Are We Thinking about the Same Disorder? A Trifactor Model Approach to Understand Parents' and Their Adolescents' Reports of Borderline Personality Pathology. J Pers Assess 2023; 105:487-498. [PMID: 35191795 PMCID: PMC9393208 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2039165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple informant assessment is the norm when evaluating borderline personality pathology (BPP) in adolescence, especially by including reports from both parents and adolescents. However, these reports tend to be discrepant, and it is unclear how to integrate. The current study used a trifactor model to isolate sources of variance in parents' and adolescents' reports of BPP due to their shared and unique perspectives in a sample of 652 inpatient adolescents (63% female; Mage = 15.31, SD = 1.45) and their parents (81% mothers). Consensus/agreement was characterized by the externalizing features of BPP whereas idiosyncratic views of adolescent BPP covered the full latent BPP construct, suggesting that simple aggregation of parent and adolescent reports is inappropriate. Measurement invariance suggested that unique perspectives were characterized by slightly different operationalizations of BPP and response biases for specific features of BPP. Attachment security and parents' interpersonal problems predicted shared and unique perspectives differently for female and male adolescents. Lastly, we found that shared and unique perspectives differentially predicted interview based BPP, length of stay, and adolescent mentalizing. In sum, findings replicate previous evidence of parent-child informant discrepancy in youth psychopathology, broadly, and provide insights specific to BPP. Discussion includes practical recommendations for assessment and interpretation of BPP assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wiesner M, Capaldi DM, Kerr DCR, Wu W. Bidirectional Associations of Mental Health with Self-Reported Criminal Offending Over Time for At-Risk Early Adult Men in the USA. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND LIFE-COURSE CRIMINOLOGY 2023; 9:211-237. [PMID: 38846025 PMCID: PMC11156218 DOI: 10.1007/s40865-022-00221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Criminal offending and mental health problems often co-occur. This study examined competing models to understand bidirectional associations between crime and mental health problems over time among at-risk men in the U.S. It was hypothesized that there would be significant cross-lagged associations of offending and mental health problems in early adulthood. Longitudinal data were drawn from 206 at-risk men enrolled in the Oregon Youth Study. Random intercept cross-lagged models examined bidirectional associations between mental health problems (assessed with the 53-item Brief Symptom Inventory) and self-reported offending in early adulthood across 6 time points from ages 19-20 to 29-30 years. Sociodemographic factors, prior levels, and common risk factors (i.e., parents' criminality, mental health problems, and socioeconomic status, as well as child age, antisocial propensity, and internalizing behaviors) were controlled during analysis. A robust association between mental health problems and offending was found for the early adult period, especially for total and violence offenses. Findings did not support the hypothesized positive cross-lagged effects. Instead, two cross-lagged effects emerged indicating that offending was inversely related to subsequent mental health problems. Childhood antisocial propensity and internalizing behaviors emerged as important predictors of stable between-person level differences in offending and mental health problems, respectively, although results differed as a function of offense categories (total, violence, property, drug). Findings indicate that the relation between mental health problems and offending is unidirectional, temporal, and partially spurious. Preventing child internalizing behaviors and child antisocial behaviors holds promise for reducing early adult mental health problems and offending.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margit Wiesner
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Parent-Child Discrepancies in Perceived Parental Emotion Socialization: Associations with Children's Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Chinese Families. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:547-560. [PMID: 36427160 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parental emotion socialization is highly associated with children's internalizing and externalizing problems. However, research on parent-child discrepancies in parental emotion socialization perceptions and their relationship with children's developmental outcomes remains limited. This study explores the relationship between parent-child discrepancies in their reports of parental emotion socialization and children's internalizing/externalizing problems in Chinese families. The participants were 390 children (55% girls, Mage = 11.70 years, SDage = 1.17) and their primary caregivers (68% mother, Mage = 39.52 years, SDage = 5.23). A latent profile analysis identified three profiles of parent-child discrepancies in supportive parental emotion socialization and four profiles in non-supportive parental emotion socialization. Children with more negative perceptions of parental emotion socialization than their parents exhibited the most internalizing and externalizing problems. The parent-child perception difference of the supportive dimension connected to internalizing and externalizing problems, while the perception difference of the non-supportive dimension connected only to internalizing problems. These findings advocate for the conceptualization of perceptions of parent-child discrepancies within family dynamics, which may predict children's developmental outcomes.
Collapse
|
16
|
von der Embse N, Kim E, Ross D, Kilgus S, Koza T. Multi-informant Assessment of Internalizing Concerns: Rater Concordance and Implications for Decision-Making. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2023; 45:234-246. [PMID: 36741243 PMCID: PMC9889954 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-023-10026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rising rates of mental health challenges among youths have become a significant concern following the COVID 19 pandemic. Although strong evidence supports the implementation of universal screening as a preventative approach to address unmet mental health concerns, the research is less clear surrounding the use of such data in decision-making processes when significant discrepancies between informants (e.g., students and teachers) exist. The purpose of the study was twofold. First, the study aimed to determine the degree of rater concordance between teachers and students on students' internalizing concerns. The second objective was to determine whether concordance on internalizing behaviors differs across ages/grades and if this differentially impacts distal (i.e., academic) outcomes. Results indicated that teachers and students demonstrated limited agreement on ratings of internalizing behaviors. However, when students and teachers agreed, higher and more positive emotional behaviors were linked to higher reading/math performance. Furthermore, patterns of informant dis/agreement and relationships between internalizing concerns and academic outcomes were similar across grade levels. Implications and areas for future research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel von der Embse
- College of Education, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620 United States
| | - Eunsook Kim
- College of Education, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620 United States
| | - Dorie Ross
- College of Education, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620 United States
| | - Stephen Kilgus
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin United States
| | - Thomas Koza
- College of Education, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620 United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huynh LK, Gagner C, Bernier A, Beauchamp MH. Discrepancies between mother and father ratings of child behavior after early mild traumatic brain injury. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:56-75. [PMID: 35451343 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2066074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are highly prevalent during early childhood and can lead to behavioral difficulties. Parent report questionnaires are widely used to assess children's behavior, but they are subject to parental bias. The aim of this study was to investigate parental discrepancies in internalized and externalized behavior ratings of children who sustain mTBI in early childhood (i.e., between 18 and 60 months) and to determine if parenting stress or family burden related to the injury contribute to parental discrepancies. Mothers and fathers of 85 children with mTBI, 58 orthopedic injured (OI), and 82 typically developing children (TDC) completed the Child Behavior Checklist 6 months after the injury. The primary caregiver completed the Parental Distress subscale of the Parenting Stress Index and the Family Burden of Injury Interview. Mothers reported more internalized and externalized behavior problems than fathers in the mTBI group. No group difference was found in the OI or TDC groups. Neither parenting stress nor family burden related to the injury predicted discrepancies in behavior ratings. Mothers' and fathers' perceptions of behavior after their young child sustains mTBI appear to differ, suggesting that both parents' views are useful in understanding outcome. This difference was not found in either of the comparison groups indicating that factors related to mTBI may underlie the rating discrepancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara-Kim Huynh
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Charlotte Gagner
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nelemans SA, Mastrotheodoros S, Çiftçi L, Meeus W, Branje S. Do You See What I See? Longitudinal Associations Between Mothers' and Adolescents' Perceptions of Their Relationship and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:177-192. [PMID: 36114938 PMCID: PMC9867686 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This 6-year community study examined how discrepancies in mothers' and adolescents' perceptions of their relationship were longitudinally associated with adolescent internalizing symptoms, and vice versa. 497 adolescents (57% boys, Mage T1 = 13.03, SDage = 0.46) and their mothers reported in 6 annual waves on conflict and warmth in the mother-adolescent relationship and adolescents reported on their depressive and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms. Latent Congruence Models suggested that both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms significantly predicted higher levels of conflict as well as stronger discrepancies in perceptions of conflict 1-year later. In turn, higher levels of conflict significantly predicted both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms 1-year later. For warmth, lower levels significantly predicted adolescent depressive symptoms 1-year later. Concluding, these findings suggest (1) more systematic evidence for longitudinal associations between conflict than warmth in the mother-adolescent relationship and adolescent internalizing symptoms; (2) support for a transactional model, including support for both interpersonal scar or symptom-driven effects (concerning both levels of and mother-adolescent discrepancies in conflict) and interpersonal risk or relationship-driven effects (concerning levels of both conflict and warmth); (3) longitudinal effects from adolescent internalizing symptoms to mother-adolescent discrepancies, but not vice versa; and (4) strong consistency in patterns of findings across both adolescent depressive and GAD symptoms, with few differential longitudinal associations with aspects of mother-adolescent relationship quality. Thereby, this study provides a more nuanced understanding of the direction of effects between adolescent internalizing symptoms and both levels of and discrepancies in mothers' and adolescents' perceptions of their relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. Nelemans
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanos Mastrotheodoros
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wim Meeus
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, PO box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Early life exposure to lead and its association with parent-reported aggression and conduct problems during childhood and adolescence. Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:265-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
20
|
Cooley DT, Jackson Y, Stoolmiller M. Discrepancies in youth self-report and case file report of maltreatment and association with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 133:105845. [PMID: 35987048 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment is a potential risk factor for the later development of psychopathology (Jaffee, 2017). However, there is no gold standard for identifying victims of child maltreatment, and when multiple informants - such as case files and youth self-report - are used, these sources often disagree (Cooley & Jackson, 2022). OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore discrepancies between youth self-report and case file report of maltreatment and examine how these discrepancies related to internalizing and externalizing symptoms. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were 470 youth living in foster care between the ages of 8 and 18 and their caregivers. METHODS Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to create novel groups based on informant discrepancies. RESULTS Agreement between informants was in the poor-to-fair agreement range for all types of maltreatment. Latent class analysis identified a 3-class solution with significant group differences on both externalizing (Χ2 (2, N = 470) = 6.16, p = 0.05) and internalizing symptoms (Χ2 (2, N = 470) = 6.10, p = 0.05). Specifically, those in the "self-report only" class had significantly higher symptoms than those in the "neither informant/case file only" class for both internalizing and externalizing behavior. CONCLUSIONS Case files and youth self-report of maltreatment are discrepant. Youth self-report of maltreatment history may be more closely linked to psychopathology than case file report of maltreatment. Researchers and practitioners should look to youth self-report rather than relying solely on case files when determining risk for psychopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl T Cooley
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Yo Jackson
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xavier RM, Calkins ME, Bassett DS, Moore TM, George WT, Taylor JH, Gur RE. Characterizing Youth-Caregiver Concordance and Discrepancies in Psychopathology Symptoms in a US Community Sample. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:1004-1013. [PMID: 35839118 PMCID: PMC9709771 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2099494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence shows that reports of psychopathology symptoms by youth and their caregiver informants differ. To quantify youth-caregiver discrepancies in psychopathology symptoms and factors associated with such discrepancies, we investigated differences in how youth and their caregivers rated psychopathology symptoms. The sample (N = 5094) was extracted from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, a community-based sample of youth and included participants ages 11-17 years old with both youth and caregiver reported symptom scores. Across psychopathology symptoms, youth-caregiver concordance was poor to fair (Cohens kappa for symptom items ranged between 0.03-0.41). Psychosis symptoms had the lowest concordance-Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.03 to 0.17 across psychosis symptoms. Discrepancies between youth and caregiver symptom reports were greater than average for Black youth and for youth of low socioeconomic status; discrepancies were also higher than average in youth with any psychiatric disorder when compared to typically developing youth. Network analysis of difference scores obtained by subtracting youth symptom scores from caregiver reported symptom scores showed that network connectivity (i.e., correlated difference scores) was sparsest for psychosis spectrum compared to other psychiatric disorders. Using a large sample, we show that youth and their caregiver informants tend to report psychopathology symptoms differently. Youth-caregiver discrepancies were the most pronounced for Black youth and youth of low socio-economic status. Race and socioeconomic status contribute to significant differences in how youth and their caregivers report such symptoms and are important factors that should be accounted for to facilitate accurate mental health symptom assessment and evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose Mary Xavier
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dani S. Bassett
- Departments of Bioengineering, Psychiatry, Neurology, Physics & Astronomy, Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jerome H. Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Caqueo-Urízar A, Urzúa A, Villalonga-Olives E, Atencio-Quevedo D, Irarrázaval M, Flores J, Ramírez C. Children’s Mental Health: Discrepancy between Child Self-Reporting and Parental Reporting. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12100401. [PMID: 36285970 PMCID: PMC9598658 DOI: 10.3390/bs12100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Discrepancies between children’s self-reports and their parents’ reports on mental health indicators are associated with measurement errors or informant bias. However, they are a valuable tool in understanding the course of child psychopathology. This study aims to determine the level of discrepancies between parents’ perceptions and children’s self-reports in mental health indicators in Northern Chile. (2) Methods: A System of Evaluation of Children and Adolescents self-report (Sistema de Evaluación de Niños y Adolescentes, SENA) was responded to by 408 students between 8 and 13 years old and their parents. (3) Results: Children reported a significantly higher frequency of emotional problems, defiant behavior, and executive functions as compared to their parents’ responses. (4) Conclusions: There is a disjunction between the report of parents and children, which could originate in poor family communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-58-2-205-079
| | - Alfonso Urzúa
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270460, Chile
| | - Ester Villalonga-Olives
- Pharmaceutical Health Services Research Department, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Diego Atencio-Quevedo
- Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Centro de Justicia Educacional (CJE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8940855, Chile
| | - Matías Irarrázaval
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Institute for Depression and Personality Research (MIDAP), Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Jerome Flores
- Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Centro de Justicia Educacional (CJE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8940855, Chile
| | - Cristian Ramírez
- Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Centro de Justicia Educacional (CJE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8940855, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Coughlan B, Woolgar M, Weisblatt EJ, Duschinsky R. 'Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous': The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 27:905-915. [PMID: 36154304 PMCID: PMC10115934 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221121413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians' perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Jl Weisblatt
- University of Cambridge, UK.,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma J, Mahat P, Brøndbo PH, Handegård BH, Kvernmo S, Javo AC. Teacher reports of emotional and behavioral problems in Nepali schoolchildren: to what extent do they agree with parent reports? BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:584. [PMID: 36056334 PMCID: PMC9440565 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teacher reports of child emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) are sparse in many low- and middle-income countries, especially when compared to reports from parents. Cross-informant information is pivotal to clinicians when dealing with mentally ill children. In this study from Nepal, we examined teacher reports of child EBPs, the agreement between teacher and parent reports, and how this agreement varied by type of EBP and child gender. METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study included 3808 schoolchildren aged 6-18 years from 16 districts of Nepal. Teacher and parent reports of EBPs were measured by the Nepali versions of the Teacher Report Form (TRF) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), respectively. Linear mixed model analysis was used for group comparisons and intraclass correlations. Agreement between TRF and CBCL scale scores were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS The prevalence of EBPs according to teacher reports was 15.4%, whereas the previous parent reported prevalence was 19.1%. Also, the mean TRF score was significantly lower than mean CBCL score for the 90 common items. Mean TRF scores for Total Problems, Externalizing Problems, and Internalizing Problems were 26.9 (standard deviation, SD 24.5), 6.1 (SD 7.2), and 7.9 (SD 7.3), respectively. Consistent with parent reports, mean TRF scores for Total Problems and Externalizing Problems were higher among boys than girls, whereas no significant gender differences were found for Internalizing Problems. Teacher-parent agreement was moderate (r = .38), and slightly higher for Externalizing Problems than for Internalizing Problems (r = .37 versus r = .34). Moderate to low correlations were found for all syndrome scales, with coefficients ranging from r = .26 (Social Problems) to r = .37 (Attention Problems). The effect of child gender on the teacher-parent agreement was significant for Internalizing Problems only, with a higher agreement for girls than for boys. CONCLUSION Nepali teachers reported fewer child EBPs than parents. Teacher-parent agreement was moderate and varied by type of EBP and child gender. Our findings underscore the importance of obtaining information on child EBPs from both parents and teachers when evaluating and treating children in low- and middle-income countries like Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Ma
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | - Per Håkan Brøndbo
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn H. Handegård
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Faculty of Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Siv Kvernmo
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Cecilie Javo
- Sami National Competence Center for Mental Health (SANKS), Finnmark Hospital Trust, Sami Klinihkka, Karasjok, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sutherland BD, Sutherland MT, Trucco EM. Electronic Cigarette Use Intentions Mediate the Association between Low Self-Control and Future Use by Internalizing Symptoms. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1797-1807. [PMID: 36041007 PMCID: PMC9560985 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adolescent electronic (e-)cigarette use intentions are related to initiation. Low self-control is also a risk factor for early stages of substance use. Yet, the impact of low self-control on use through intentions may vary across individuals; depression and anxiety may affect this association. Methods: A sample of 200 adolescents who completed waves 1 and 2 of an ongoing longitudinal study were assessed. We hypothesized that high internalizing symptoms would moderate the indirect effect of low self-control on actual e-cigarette use through e-cigarette use intentions. Results: The mediation pathway was significant at high levels of internalizing symptoms, but not at low or moderate levels. Conclusion: Specifically, those with low self-control and high internalizing symptomatology endorsed the highest e-cigarette use intentions and were more likely to subsequently use e-cigarettes. Youth low in self-control and high in depression and anxiety might be at increased risk to initiate e-cigarette use compared to youth high in self-control and high in internalizing symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjelene D. Sutherland
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
| | - Matthew T. Sutherland
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Elisa M. Trucco
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Addiction Center, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jónsdóttir H, Agnarsdóttir H, Jóhannesdóttir H, Smárason O, Harðardóttir HH, Højgaard DRMA, Skarphedinsson G. Parent-youth agreement on psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms: results from an adolescent outpatient clinical sample. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:466-473. [PMID: 34792428 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.2002405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research suggests that agreement, between youths and their parents, regarding assessment of youth psychiatric problems is limited. Due to this discrepancy, a multi-informant, multimethod approach is recommended when gathering psychopathological information. This study examines parent-youth agreement regarding youth psychiatric problems. It does so at a diagnostic level and at a symptom level, as well as studying the influence of age, gender, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as potential moderators of agreement. METHODS The participants in this study were 61 adolescents aged 12-18 years and their parents. The K-SADS-PL DSM-5 was administered in two outpatient units, with adolescents and their parents interviewed separately. Participants also rated symptoms using a broad rating scale (Child Behavior Checklist and the Youth Self-Report) prior to being interviewed. RESULTS Parent-youth agreement at a diagnostic level ranged from fair to excellent. Agreement at a symptom level was lower than that at a diagnostic level, ranging from poor to fair. These results indicate that parent-youth agreement regarding diagnosis and symptoms is higher than in most previous studies. The results also suggest that some variables, such as age, gender, depressive disorders, and ADHD, potentially influence agreement on symptoms. CONCLUSION These findings support the importance of gathering information from both children and parents, and that clinicians should consider moderating factors when integrating data from multiple informants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helga Jónsdóttir
- Centre for Child Development and Behavior for the Primary Health Care of the Capital Area, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hrafnkatla Agnarsdóttir
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Landspítali University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Davíð R M A Højgaard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Charamut NR, Racz SJ, Wang M, De Los Reyes A. Integrating multi-informant reports of youth mental health: A construct validation test of Kraemer and colleagues' (2003) Satellite Model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:911629. [PMID: 35967634 PMCID: PMC9371006 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.911629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately assessing youth mental health involves obtaining reports from multiple informants who typically display low levels of correspondence. This low correspondence may reflect situational specificity. That is, youth vary as to where they display mental health concerns and informants vary as to where and from what perspective they observe youth. Despite the frequent need to understand and interpret these informant discrepancies, no consensus guidelines exist for integrating informants' reports. The path to building these guidelines starts with identifying factors that reliably predict the level and form of these informant discrepancies, and do so for theoretically and empirically relevant reasons. Yet, despite the knowledge of situational specificity, few approaches to integrating multi-informant data are well-equipped to account for these factors in measurement, and those that claim to be well-positioned to do so have undergone little empirical scrutiny. One promising approach was developed roughly 20 years ago by Kraemer and colleagues (2003). Their Satellite Model leverages principal components analysis (PCA) and strategic selection of informants to instantiate situational specificity in measurement, namely components reflecting variance attributable to the context in which informants observe behavior (e.g., home/non-home), the perspective from which they observe behavior (e.g., self/other), and behavior that manifests across contexts and perspectives (i.e., trait). The current study represents the first construct validation test of the Satellite Model. A mixed-clinical/community sample of 134 adolescents and their parents completed six parallel surveys of adolescent mental health. Adolescents also participated in a series of simulated social interactions with research personnel trained to act as same-age, unfamiliar peers. A third informant (unfamiliar untrained observer) viewed these interactions and completed the same surveys as parents and adolescents. We applied the Satellite Model to each set of surveys and observed high internal consistency estimates for each of the six-item trait (α = 0.90), context (α = 0.84), and perspective (α = 0.83) components. Scores reflecting the trait, context, and perspective components displayed distinct patterns of relations to a battery of criterion variables that varied in the context, perspective, and source of measurement. The Satellite Model instantiates situational specificity in measurement and facilitates unifying conceptual and measurement models of youth mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R. Charamut
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Sarah J. Racz
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andres De Los Reyes
- Comprehensive Assessment and Intervention Program, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Morgan JE, Dvorsky MR, Meza JI, Schumacher LT, Pfiffner LJ. Co-Occurring Psychopathology Moderates Social Skills Improvement in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Collaborative School-Home Intervention for Children with ADHD. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2022; 51:543-555. [PMID: 32930610 PMCID: PMC7956906 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1815206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with ADHD often exhibit marked impairment in their social skills, but evidence-based psychosocial interventions for ADHD have shown limited efficacy in remediating these deficits. Co-occurring psychopathology exacerbates social deficits in children with ADHD and is a plausible moderator of treatment response. To identify factors contributing to variable social skills treatment response, we examined co-occurring externalizing, depression, and anxiety symptoms as moderators of social skills outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of the Collaborative Life Skills (CLS) program, an evidence-based collaborative school-home ADHD intervention. METHOD Participants were 159 children with ADHD (M age = 8.35 years, 28.3% female) at 27 schools in an urban public school district. Twenty-three schools were randomly assigned to CLS or usual services, with an additional four schools assigned to Spanish-adapted CLS or usual services. Multi-informant measures of co-occurring psychopathology and social skills were collected at baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS Parent-rated externalizing and depression symptoms moderated treatment effects on social skills, whereby higher symptomatology in each domain was unrelated to social skills improvement in the CLS group but predicted worsening social skills in response to usual services. In contrast, teacher-rated anxiety moderated treatment effects on social skills, whereby higher anxiety predicted greater social skills improvement in response to CLS but was unrelated to social skills outcomes following usual services. CONCLUSIONS Findings reflect novel evidence that child psychopathology domains exhibit unique moderating effects on social skills treatment response in children with ADHD. We discuss implications for optimizing evidence-based interventions to target social impairment in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Melissa R. Dvorsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jocelyn I. Meza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lauren T Schumacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Linda J. Pfiffner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Weller BE, Conrad JK, Wilburn VG, Ramamonjiarivelo Z, Gladden J. Adverse childhood experiences and mental health conditions among multiracial adolescents. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1088-1102. [PMID: 33472407 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1869187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to verify the factor structure of the household dysfunction type of ACE using data from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), and then examine whether household dysfunction (measured as a latent construct) was associated with mental health conditions among multiracial adolescents. DESIGN We used cross-sectional data collected in 2016 from caregivers who completed the NSCH and analyzed data from a subpopulation of adolescents (12-17) who reported more than one race (n = 1,231). Mplus 8.4 was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and probit models from a structural equation modeling framework. RESULTS Results from this study indicated that the household dysfunction type of ACE, as a latent construct, had good model fit and was significantly associated with depression [standardized coefficient [B] = .50, 95% confidence interval [CI] .36, .65], anxiety [B = .61, 95% CI .48, .73], behavior problems [B = .58, 95% CI .44, .72], and ADHD [B = .54, 95% CI .38, .69] for multiracial adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Household dysfunction may result in adolescents being separated (physically or emotionally) from their caregivers, which may hinder adolescents' ability to establish or maintain one of the most important relationships needed to promote racial/ethnic identity development and mental health. Implications for advancements in theory and NSCH are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget E Weller
- School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, College of Health and Human Services, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Joseph K Conrad
- School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, College of Health and Human Services, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Victoria G Wilburn
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zo Ramamonjiarivelo
- School of Health Administration, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Gladden
- School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, College of Health and Human Services, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Moore HL, Couteur AL, Charman T, Green J, Parr JR, Grahame V. What is the concordance between parent- and education professional-reported adaptive functioning in autistic children using the VABS-II? J Autism Dev Disord 2022:10.1007/s10803-022-05602-2. [PMID: 35579790 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive functioning of autistic children is traditionally measured through informant-report, often from parents. Behaviour varies across settings though, and context-specific reports should be considered. Limited and inconsistent results show low parent-education professional concordance, but no research has yet explored item level response variation. We investigated Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales-II concordance using 233 lower ability autistic children from the PACT-G sample. Domain and item level agreement was low, but better on objectively measured behaviours. Higher child nonverbal ability improved concordance. Where disagreements occurred, education professionals identified emergent skills more and parents were more likely to rate present/absent. Parents and education professionals view the adaptive abilities of autistic children differently and both should be considered when developing personalised interventions and support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Moore
- School of Psychology, 4.28, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Wallace Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4DR, England, UK.
| | - Ann Le Couteur
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Level 3, Queen Victoria Road, NE1 4LP, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Box PO77, Henry Wellcome Building, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Green
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, PACT-G Trial Office, Room 3.312, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.,Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, M13 9WL, Manchester, UK
| | - Jeremy R Parr
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Level 3, Queen Victoria Road, NE1 4LP, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Walkergate Park, Benfield Rd, NE6 4QD, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Victoria Grahame
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Walkergate Park, Benfield Rd, NE6 4QD, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Speyer LG, Obsuth I, Ribeaud D, Eisner M, Luciano M, Auyeung B, Murray AL. Mediating Factors in Within-Person Developmental Cascades of Externalising, Internalising and ADHD Symptoms in Childhood. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1011-1025. [PMID: 35488988 PMCID: PMC9395455 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have offered evidence for peer problems and academic achievement as mediators in developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems, and from ADHD symptoms to both internalising and externalising problems. However, these mediators have not been found to fully account for these cascades, indicating that there may be additional mediators involved. This study investigated the role of harsh parenting and parental involvement alongside academic achievement and peer problems in mediating within-person developmental cascades from externalising to internalising problems and from ADHD symptoms to internalising and externalising problems using autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals. Models were fit for parent- and teacher-reports on children’s psychosocial development as measured by the Social Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ) collected over ages 7, 9, and 11 in an ethnically diverse Swiss longitudinal cohort study (z-proso; N = 1387, 51% male). Results indicated that, when appropriately disentangling within- from between-person effects, none of the considered factors acted as significant mediators in longitudinal within-person relations between ADHD, internalising and externalising problems; hence, mediating mechanisms in developmental cascades remain to be identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Gabriela Speyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ingrid Obsuth
- Clinical Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Violence Research Centre, Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bonnie Auyeung
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jones SMW, Edwards TC, Leroux BG, Kapp-Simon KA, Patrick DL, Stueckle LP, Rosenberg JM, Albert M, Bellucci CC, Aspinall CL, Vick K, Heike CL. Exploration of Caregiver Interrater Agreement and Test-Retest Reliability on the Infant Cleft Observer Outcomes (iCOO). Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2022:10556656221089155. [PMID: 35341357 PMCID: PMC9515238 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221089155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caregiver and observer-reported measures are frequently used as outcomes for research on infants and young children who are unable to report on their own health. Our team developed the Infant with Clefts Observation Outcomes Instrument (iCOO) for infants with cleft lip with or without cleft palate. This exploratory study compared test-retest and interrater reliabilities to inform whether differences in caregiver perspective might affect the iCOO. This study is a secondary analysis comparing caregiver interrater agreement to test-retest reliability. Twenty-five pairs of caregivers completed the iCOO before surgery, 1 week later for test-retest reliability, 2 days after surgery, and 2 months after surgery. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlations (ICCs) and t-tests were used to compare ratings between caregivers. Infants had cleft lip (28%) or cleft lip and palate (72%). Primary caregivers were predominantly mothers (92%) and secondary caregivers were predominantly fathers (80%). Test-retest reliability met psychometric standards for most items on the iCOO (81%-86% of items). Caregiver agreement on the iCOO items was lower than test-retest reliability (33%-46% of items met psychometric standards). Caregivers did not systematically differ in whether they rated infants as healthier or less healthy than the other caregiver (5%-16% of items had statistically significant differences). Caregivers used the measure consistently, but had different experiences and perceptions of their infant's health and functioning. Future studies are needed to explore mechanisms for the differences in test-retest and interrater reliability. Whenever possible, the same caregiver should provide ratings of the infant, including on the iCOO.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wexler D, Salgado R, Gornik A, Peterson R, Pritchard A. What's race got to do with it? Informant rating discrepancies in neuropsychological evaluations for children with ADHD. Clin Neuropsychol 2022; 36:264-286. [PMID: 34238112 PMCID: PMC8985113 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2021.1944671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate race-based discrepancies in informant ratings and in rates of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis among a clinically referred sample of Black and White children. METHOD Demographic information and ratings of inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and conduct were collected from caregivers and teachers as part of neuropsychological evaluations at an outpatient clinic. The final sample included 3,943 children (6-18 years), of which 70% were White and 30% were Black. RESULTS Teachers, but not caregivers, endorsed more inattentive symptoms and conduct problems for Black than for White children, irrespective of ADHD diagnostic status and socioeconomic status (SES), and after controlling for child sex, child age, and learning difficulties. Teachers endorsed more hyperactive/impulsive symptoms for Black children with ADHD of lower SES than for White children with these characteristics. Caregivers of Black children of higher SES reported fewer hyperactive/impulsive symptoms than caregivers of White children of higher SES. Despite differences in teachers' ratings by race, diagnostic rates of ADHD in the context of neuropsychological evaluations were comparable for Black and White children. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous literature, teachers endorsed more ADHD and conduct problems in Black children. Within our clinically referred sample, this may reflect teacher bias rather than actual prevalence differences by rafce, given that Black caregivers endorsed fewer or similar numbers of symptoms relative to White caregivers. This lack of racial disparities in rates of ADHD diagnosis is inconsistent with findings in community- and population-based samples, and reflectspossible benefit of the use of neuropsychological evaluations in diagnostic decision-making for ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Wexler
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rod Salgado
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison Gornik
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel Peterson
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alison Pritchard
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kenworthy L, Verbalis A, Bascom J, daVanport S, Strang JF, Pugliese C, Freeeman A, Jeppsen C, Armour AC, Jost G, Hardy K, Wallace GL. Adding the missing voice: How self-report of autistic youth self-report on an executive functioning rating scale compares to parent report and that of youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or neurotypical development. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 26:422-433. [PMID: 34238038 PMCID: PMC8742839 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211029117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Executive functions are often impaired in autistic people and relate to important outcomes such as mental health, success in school and work, and quality of life. Evaluating executive functions helps autistic people, clinicians, and families identify targets for external supports and skill building. Youth self-report of executive function has not been studied, yet we know that self-report from autistic youth is key to understanding other cognitive/behavioral phenomena in autism such as anxiety, obsessions/compulsions, sensory sensitivities, and repetitive behaviors. We investigated self- and parent-report of executive function problems in 197 autistic youth without intellectual disability (ages 11-18 years), including the magnitude and profiles of executive function problems autistic youth report across subdomains of executive function. We compared autistic self-report with that of 114 youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without intellectual disability and 197 neurotypical youth. We found that autistic youth report significant executive function problems compared to neurotypical youth and a distinctive profile of challenges in comparison to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder youth. Parents and their autistic children diverged regarding the magnitude of the youth's executive function difficulties, but both identify inflexibility as the most impaired executive function subdomain. Autistic youth and their parents were somewhat more concordant in their report of executive function problems than youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their parents, but only showed moderate concordance at best. These findings elevate the importance of asking autistic youth directly about their executive functioning when engaging them in assessment and intervention, or researching executive functions in autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kenworthy
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Alyssa Verbalis
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | | | | | - John F. Strang
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Cara Pugliese
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | | | - Charlotte Jeppsen
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Anna C. Armour
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Geneva Jost
- Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Kristina Hardy
- Neuropsychology Division, Children’s National, Washington, DC
| | - Gregory L. Wallace
- Deparment of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Murray AL, Eisner M, Nagin D, Ribeaud D. A multi-trajectory analysis of commonly co-occurring mental health issues across childhood and adolescence. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:145-159. [PMID: 33200338 PMCID: PMC8816777 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Developmental trajectories of mental health issues can often be usefully summarised in a small number of clinically meaningful subtypes. Given the high levels of heterotypic and homotypic comorbidity in child and adolescent mental health symptoms, we explored whether it was possible to identify clinically meaningful developmental subtypes of multiple commonly co-occurring mental health issues. We evaluated the combined developmental trajectories of the most common and commonly co-occurring child and adolescent mental health issues: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), internalising, and externalising symptoms in a normative sample of youth with data (n = 1620) at ages 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 15 using group-based multi-trajectory modelling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of group membership. Our optimal model included six trajectory groups, labelled 'unaffected', 'normative maturing', 'internalising', 'multimorbid late onset', 'multimorbid remitting', and 'multimorbid with remitting externalising'. Examining covariates of group membership suggested that males and bully victims tend to have complex mental health profiles; academic achievement and smoking during pregnancy have general associations with mental health irrespective of symptom developmental trajectories or combination; and maternal post-natal depression is primarily related to symptoms that are already in evidence by the beginning of the school years. Results suggest that developmental trajectories of commonly co-occurring mental health issues can be usefully summarised in terms of a small number of developmental subtypes. These subtypes more often than not involve multiple co-occurring mental health issues. Their association with mental health covariates depends on the combination and developmental timing of symptoms in ways that suggest they can be clinically informative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aja L Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Havercamp SM, Barnhill LJ, Bonardi A, Chapman RA, Cobranchi C, Fletcher RJ, Rabidoux P, Seeley JR, Tassé MJ. Straight from the horse's mouth: Increasing self-report in mental health assessment in individuals with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 35:471-479. [PMID: 34729880 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health conditions are common among individuals with intellectual disability. Under recognition of mental health disorders leading to unmet treatment needs is common in this population. This article addresses one major contributing factor, the lack of cognitively accessible self-report measures for individuals with intellectual disability. METHOD In this literature-informed overview of the state of the field, we discuss the need for, and complexities of, including individuals with intellectual disability in mental health assessments. RESULTS With appropriate supports, many individuals with intellectual disability can respond to mental health questions. We discuss evidence-based strategies to make mental health assessments more accessible. CONCLUSION We highlight the need to engage individuals with intellectual disability to provide first-hand information about their health and well-being. New instruments and research procedures should be developed in partnership with individuals with intellectual disability. Self-report may be essential to advancing the science of mental health research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Havercamp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - L Jarrett Barnhill
- Psychiatry and Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard A Chapman
- Kansas Center on Developmental Disabilities, University of Kansas, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chelsea Cobranchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Paula Rabidoux
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John R Seeley
- Special Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Marc J Tassé
- Psychology and Psychiatry, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
The Discrepancy between Mother and Youth Reported Internalizing Symptoms Predicts Youth’s Negative Self-Esteem. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
38
|
Profiles of Rater Dis/Agreement within Universal Screening in Predicting Distal Outcomes. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
39
|
Carneiro A, Soares I, Rescorla L, Dias P. Meta-Analysis on Parent-Teacher Agreement on Preschoolers' Emotional and Behavioural Problems. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:609-618. [PMID: 32844326 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on a meta-analysis, this study aimed to examine cross-informant agreement between parents and teachers about Internalizing, Externalizing and Total Problems in preschool children using community and clinical samples and to test the effects of the type of sample, the measure used for assessments, and child sex on agreement between informants. The meta-analysis involved 23 studies assessing cross-informant agreement for preschool children. Informants were parents and teachers. The level of cross-informant agreement tended to be low. Meta-regression analyses showed that the child's sex, the type of sample, and the measure used for assessments did not predict the level of cross-informant agreement on emotional and behavioural problems. The findings were in line with previous research results. Furthermore, the studied variables did not contribute to the prediction of agreement, suggesting the development of further studies that focus on other variables that may interfere with agreement in informants' reports and will contribute to explaining different ratings of internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool-aged children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Carneiro
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Research Center on Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Research Centre for Human Development, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Soares
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Research Center on Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Dias
- Research Centre for Human Development, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Murray AL, Speyer LG, Hall HA, Valdebenito S, Hughes C. Teacher Versus Parent Informant Measurement Invariance of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:1249-1257. [PMID: 34333621 PMCID: PMC8561254 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Obtaining a multi-informant perspective is important when assessing mental health issues in childhood and adolescence. Obtaining ratings from both parents and teachers also facilitates the evaluation of similarities and contrasts in the nature and severity of symptoms across home and school contexts. However, these informants may differ in their interpretations of observed behaviors, raising questions about the validity of comparing parents’ and teachers’ ratings. Methods We evaluated the cross-informant measurement invariance of one of the most widely used measures of child and adolescent mental health: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Using data from the UK-population representative Millennium Cohort Study, we evaluated configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance across parents and teachers when children were aged 7 (N = 10,221) and 11 (N = 10,543). Results Scalar measurement invariance held at both ages. Parents reported higher levels of symptoms in all domains measured at both ages as well as higher prosociality. Conclusions For a UK sample, valid comparisons of parent and teacher SDQ ratings at ages 7 and 11 appear to be possible, facilitating the evaluation of contextual differences in child mental health problems. Further, parents report more problem and prosocial behavior in their children than teachers attribute to them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Claire Hughes
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reetzke R, Pfeiffer D, Kalb LG, Holingue C, Zetlmeisl C, Hong JS, Landa R. Informant (Dis)Agreement on Ratings of Challenging Behaviors and Social Communication in Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:2766-2775. [PMID: 34048667 PMCID: PMC8632507 DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Cross-informant ratings are considered best practice for assessing children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, informant disagreement often occurs, which can pose significant challenges to various aspects of clinical services. This study explored the degree of parent and speech-language pathologist (SLP) agreement on ratings of challenging behaviors and social communication skills in preschool children with ASD. Method Fifty-eight informant ratings of challenging behaviors and social communication skills were collected from parents and SLPs on the same 29 preschool children with ASD (M = 49.93 months, SD = 11.67 months) using the Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavior Inventory. Parent versus SLP group rating comparisons were assessed with paired t tests and Cohen's d effect sizes. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to examine interrater reliability between individual parent and SLP ratings. Bland-Altman plots were generated to evaluate informant agreement across the entire range of Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavior Inventory composite scores. Results Group comparisons indicated that parents rated arousal regulation problems as more severe than SLPs, with no other group differences observed. Parents and SLPs exhibited poor agreement on ratings of challenging behaviors; however, moderate to good agreement was observed for social communication ratings. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of including parents in the assessment and treatment planning process for preschool children with ASD, as parents may report key behavioral concerns that clinicians may not otherwise observe. Understanding behaviors that may be more prone to informant disagreement has implications for promoting a shared understanding of behavioral concerns and treatment targets between parents and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Reetzke
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Danika Pfeiffer
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Luther G. Kalb
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Mental Health, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Calliope Holingue
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Mental Health, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carrie Zetlmeisl
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ji Su Hong
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rebecca Landa
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Furlin V, Bara TS, Felden ÉPG, de Farias AC, Cordeiro ML. Neuropsychological and behavioural profiles of students with intellectual development disorder on parents and teachers' perceptions. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2021; 65:626-637. [PMID: 33830566 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual development disorder (IDD) have high rates of comorbid neuropsychological and behavioural problems. However, there are not many studies on this population in middle-income and low-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of neuropsychological and behavioural problems in students with and without IDD and to assess the correlation between the responses from informants (parents and teachers) and the clinical diagnoses in Brazil. METHODS After clinical diagnosis, 78 male and female students (7-15 years old) were divided into two groups: children with IDD (n = 39) and children without IDD (n = 39). The Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher's Report Form (TRF) scales were used to track neuropsychological and behavioural problems. Calculations of prevalence ratios were performed using Poisson regression with Wald tests. The CBCL and TRF results were compared between groups with Mann-Whitney U-tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The agreement between scales was assessed using the Spearman correlation test. RESULTS Neuropsychological and behavioural problems were significantly more prevalent in students with IDD. The average amount of CBCL problems was significantly higher than that of TRF in the dimensions of thought, attention, somatic, attention deficit/hyperactivity, opposition defiant and total problems. Low-to-moderate correlations between CBCL and TRF dimensions in the IDD group were observed. ROC analyses revealed that the dimensions of internalising problems and total scores reflecting CBCL and TRF problems were the most important factors for identifying neuropsychological and behavioural problems in the IDD group. CONCLUSIONS Students with IDD require early identification of behavioural and emotional symptoms to avoid the underdiagnoses of various mental health problems, especially those with internalising characteristics. The CBCL and TRF may assist in the early screening of these comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Furlin
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - T S Bara
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - É P G Felden
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), State of Santa Catarina University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - A C de Farias
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Children's Hospital, Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M L Cordeiro
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavior Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, Semel Institute for Neusroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Perry KJ, Ostrov JM, Murray-Close D, Blakely-McClure SJ, Kiefer J, DeJesus-Rodriguez A, Wesolowski A. Measurement of aggressive behavior in early childhood: A critical analysis using five informants. J Exp Child Psychol 2021; 209:105180. [PMID: 34087603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of aggressive behavior in early childhood is unique given that relational aggression is just developing, physical aggression is still prevalent, and both forms of aggression are relatively overt or direct. The current study had three aims. The first aim was to examine the internal reliability, validity, and correspondence of five different assessments of aggressive behavior in early childhood: parent report, teacher report, observer report, child report, and naturalistic school-based observations. The second aim was to test a one- and two-factor model of early childhood aggression using confirmatory factor analysis. The final aim of the study was to investigate gender differences among different reports of aggression. Observations, teacher report, and observer (research assistant) report were collected in the children's school, and parent report and child report were collected in a lab session at one time point (N = 300; 56% male; Mage = 44.86 months, SD = 5.55). Observations were collected using a focal child sampling with continuous recording approach, and previously validated measures were used for the remaining four informants. Results demonstrated that all measures were reliable with the exception of child report of relational aggression, and there was small to strong correspondence among the various informants. In addition, a two-factor structure of aggression provided the best fit to the data, providing evidence for divergence among relational and physical aggression. Finally, there were robust gender differences in physical aggression, but gender differences in relational aggression varied by method. The implications of different types of measurement are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin J Perry
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Jamie M Ostrov
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | | | | | - Julia Kiefer
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | | | - Abigail Wesolowski
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Meinck F, Murray AL, Dunne MP, Schmidt P, Nikolaidis G. Factor structure and internal consistency of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Parent Version (ICAST-P) in a cross-country pooled data set in nine Balkan countries. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 115:105007. [PMID: 33721661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Researchers are increasingly using parental report measures in population-based surveys of violence against children. No research thus far has examined the factor structure of the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool Parent Version (ICAST-P), a non-commercialized measure for prevalence studies. METHODS This paper uses secondary data from the Balkan Epidemiological Study on Child Abuse and Neglect (BECAN) which included 25,202 primary caregivers of school-going children in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16). Primary caregivers completed the ICAST-P 2010-2011, which measures children's exposure to physical and psychological violence and neglect by caregivers and sexual violence by any perpetrator. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the reliability and the factor structure of the ICAST-P for a four-dimensional model and a bifactor model, with one general factor and four group factors representing the specific components of each set of items. Measurement invariance could not be tested. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence for physical violence was 66.7 %, for psychological violence 66.6 %, for sexual violence 3.1 % and for neglect 9.1 %. CFA showed adequate fit for the hypothesized four-dimensional model, however, improved fit was shown for a bifactor model with abuse as the general factor. Internal consistency was good for physical and psychological violence, but not neglect and sexual violence. Hierarchical omega showed good internal consistency for the general factor. CONCLUSIONS Parents report that their children experience high levels of violence. The factor structure of the ICAST-P is best captured using a bifactor modelling approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Meinck
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; OPTENTIA, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.
| | - Aja L Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael P Dunne
- Australian Centre for Health Law Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Institute of Political Sciences and Centre for Environment and Development (ZEU), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Johann Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Baumgartner N, Foster S, Emery S, Berger G, Walitza S, Häberling I. How Are Discrepant Parent-Child Reports Integrated? A Case of Depressed Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2021; 31:279-287. [PMID: 33373537 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2020.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Severity ratings of psychopathology in minors are often based on a composite score of the parent's and child's reports. However, parent's and child's reports often differ substantially, resulting in the integration method affecting the final scores. Nevertheless, effects of integration algorithms are seldom assessed and poorly understood. Method: The dataset is derived from the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) and consists of 439 adolescents, 54% female, with a Major Depressive Disorder. The interviewer conducted the clinical interview Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) with the parent and the adolescent and the TADS manual advised the interviewer to use the higher score as the final rating unless an informant was judged to be unreliable. Polynomial regressions, multivariate analyses, and mixed models were used to analyze the effects of this integration algorithm on the final scores and associated factors. Results: In 77% of the cases, the interviewer followed the TADS rating rule to use the higher CDRS-R item score. However, the final item scores differed significantly from the rule using the higher value, with the higher score being less often adapted at follow-up assessments and in female patients. Conclusions: The algorithm used to integrate divergent reports affects study outcomes and might introduce data-specific biases. Judgments of the validity and reliability of informants compromise the objectivity of outcomes in major clinical trials by introducing a subjective bias. Therefore, the agreement between children's and parent's reports and the method of integration should routinely be reported in research on pediatric psychopathology. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00006286.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Baumgartner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Foster
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Emery
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Berger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Integrative Human Physiology Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Häberling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Martel MM, Eng AG, Bansal PS, Smith TE, Elkins AR, Goh PK. Multiple informant average integration of ADHD symptom ratings predictive of concurrent and longitudinal impairment. Psychol Assess 2021; 33:443-451. [PMID: 33719467 DOI: 10.1037/pas0000994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To date, there remains no consensus about the best evidence-based method for integrating multiple informant data in the diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Several approaches exist, including the psychometrically sound approach of averaging scores, as well as the use of "OR" and "AND" algorithms, which are still commonly used in research. The current study tested these major integration methods in their concurrent and longitudinal prediction of clinician-rated impairment, teacher-rated academic, and parent- and self-rated social skill ratings in children overrecruited for ADHD across a 6-year span from childhood to adolescence. The sample included a total of 800 children, 480 with ADHD, ages 6 to 13, who completed a "gold standard" assessment of ADHD and associated impairment. Overall, the "OR," "AND," and average integration approaches showed significantly high interrelations with one another (r range from .78 to .96) and were all significantly and strongly related to impairment measures concurrently and longitudinally. Multivariate regressions demonstrated that the average integration approach concurrently and longitudinally out predicted the other two approaches. Results demonstrated that the average approach slightly outperformed the other two in its prediction of concurrent and longitudinal clinician-rated impairment, teacher-rated academic skills, and parent- and self-rated child social skills across childhood and adolescence. Evidence-based assessment integration of parent and teacher ratings of ADHD in childhood might best utilize an averaging approach, as it is most related to later impairment ratings, particularly if such findings are replicated by other groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
47
|
Martin SR, Zeltzer LK, Seidman LC, Allyn KE, Payne LA. Caregiver-Child Discrepancies in Reports of Child Emotional Symptoms in Pediatric Chronic Pain. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 45:359-369. [PMID: 31886865 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pediatric chronic pain evaluation includes self-reports and/or caregiver proxy-reports across biopsychosocial domains. Limited data exist on the effects of caregiver-child discrepancies in pediatric pain assessment. In children with chronic pain, we examined associations among discrepancies in caregiver-child reports of child anxiety and depressive symptoms and child functional impairment. METHODS Participants were 202 children (Mage=14.49 ± 2.38 years; 68.8% female) with chronic pain and their caregivers (95.5% female). Children and caregivers completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and RCADS-Parent, respectively. Children also completed the Functional Disability Inventory. Mean difference tests examined caregiver-child discrepancies. Moderation analyses examined whether associations between child self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms and functional impairment varied as a function of caregiver proxy-report. RESULTS Children reported more anxiety and depressive symptoms compared with their caregivers' proxy-reports (Z = -4.83, p < .001). Both informants' reports of child anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with child functional impairment (rs = .44, rs = .30, p < .001). Caregiver proxy-report moderated associations between child-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms and functional impairment (B = -0.007, p = .003). When caregiver proxy-report was low, child self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms were positively related to functional impairment (B = 0.28, SE = 0.07, 95% CI [0.15, 0.41], p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Discrepant caregiver-child perceptions of child anxiety and depressive symptoms may be associated with functioning in children with chronic pain, especially when caregivers report less child internalizing symptoms. These findings highlight the need for further examination of the effects of caregiver-child discrepancies on pediatric chronic pain outcomes and may indicate targets for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Martin
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
| | - Lonnie K Zeltzer
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Measuring resilience in children: a review of recent literature and recommendations for future research. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2021; 34:10-21. [PMID: 33105167 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Understanding variability in developmental outcomes following exposure to early life adversity (ELA) has been an area of increasing interest in psychiatry, as resilient outcomes are just as prevalent as negative ones. However, resilient individuals are understudied in most cohorts and even when studied, resilience is typically defined as an absence of psychopathology. This review examines current approaches to resilience and proposes more comprehensive and objective ways of defining resilience. RECENT FINDINGS Of the 36 studies reviewed, the most commonly used measure was the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (n = 6), followed by the Child Behavior Checklist (n = 5), the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (n = 5), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (n = 4), and the Child and Youth Resilience Scale (n = 3). SUMMARY This review reveals that studies tend to rely on self-report methods to capture resilience which poses some challenges. We propose a complementary measure of child resilience that relies on more proactive behavioral and observational indicators; some of our preliminary findings are presented. Additionally, concerns about the way ELA is characterized as well as the influence of genetics on resilient outcomes prompts further considerations about how to proceed with resiliency research.
Collapse
|
49
|
Murray AL, Zych I, Ribeaud D, Eisner M. Developmental relations between ADHD symptoms and bullying perpetration and victimization in adolescence. Aggress Behav 2021; 47:58-68. [PMID: 32895934 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been hypothesized that individuals with elevated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are at greater risk of bullying perpetration and victimization. Using autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals (ALT-SR) and four waves (ages 11, 13, 15, and 17) of longitudinal data from the normative z-proso study (n = 1526, 52% male), we evaluated the developmental relations between ADHD and bullying using both self- and teacher-reported ADHD symptom data. Analyses suggested that ADHD symptoms primarily increase the risk of bullying perpetration, with a within-person effect of ADHD symptoms on bullying perpetration symptoms identified across ages 13-15 (β = .13) and ages 15-17 (β = .19) based on self-reported ADHD symptoms and a similar effect identified across ages 11-13 (β = .24) and 13-15 (β = .29) based on teacher-reported inattention symptoms. There were also some indications of reciprocal effects and effects involving victimization that merit further exploration in future research. Results imply that the content of bullying intervention and prevention programs should take account of ADHD symptoms to ensure that those with elevated symptoms can benefit as much as their typically developing peers. This will involve addressing bullying perpetration that may reflect impulsive/reactive aggression and impaired social skills rather than instrumental aggression. Further, programs should go beyond classical curriculum/classroom-based delivery to ensure that individuals with elevated ADHD symptoms can be successfully engaged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aja L. Murray
- Department of Psychology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Izabela Zych
- Department of Psychology University of Cordoba Cordoba Spain
| | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development University of Zurich Zurich UK
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development University of Zurich Zurich UK
- Institute of Criminology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Licence L, Oliver C, Moss J, Richards C. Prevalence and Risk-Markers of Self-Harm in Autistic Children and Adults. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:3561-3574. [PMID: 31655964 PMCID: PMC7502049 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm is purportedly common in autistic individuals, but under-researched, particularly in younger samples and those without intellectual disability. This study aimed to describe prevalence, profile and correlates of self-harm in autistic individuals without impairments in adaptive functioning. Parents of autistic participants (n = 83) completed questionnaires regarding the presence/topography of self-harm, demographic characteristics, autism severity, age of diagnosis, affect, activity levels and repetitive behaviour. 24.10% of participants engaged in self-harm. Self‐harm was associated with significantly higher levels of impulsivity, over-activity, negative affect, compulsive behaviour and insistence on sameness. Low mood and overactivity/impulsivity predicted the presence of self-harm, with the model correctly classifying 82.9% of cases. Findings highlight a role for impaired behavioural inhibition and low mood in the aetiological mechanisms underpinning self-harm in autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Licence
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chris Oliver
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jo Moss
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Caroline Richards
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|