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Jones RM, Simpson AIF. Assisted death for prisoners and forensic patients: complexity and controversy illustrated by four recent cases. BJPsych Bull 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38708562 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2024.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical assistance in dying (MAiD) (which includes euthanasia and assisted suicide) is available in an increasing number of countries. In Belgium, The Netherlands and Switzerland (and was due to be implemented in Canada from 2024) eligibility includes mental suffering in the absence of any physical disorder. There are particular ethical and legal issues when considering MAiD for those involuntarily detained in prisons and hospitals. We describe four recent cases that illustrate these complexities, and highlight issues of equivalence of healthcare and self-determination against concerns about the criteria for determining eligibility of those with non-terminal conditions as well as the objections raised by victims and families and the demands for justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland M Jones
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander I F Simpson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Minayo MCDS, Constantino P. Older adults deprived of liberty: "their pain hurts more". CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:3205-3214. [PMID: 37971004 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320232811.15442023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This essay reflects on the incarceration of older adults in the United States (USA) and Brazil and mainly aims to observe how the situation is consistent and differs in the two countries. The bibliography on the subject is much more affluent and consolidated in the USA. Several discrepancies are noted among scholars between data and authors' views. However, they all agree regarding (1) the increased number of incarcerated older adults, (2) the inadequacy of prisons to house them, (3) the accelerated aging due to lack of healthcare, (4) the experiences of physical, musculoskeletal, and mental comorbidities, and (5) the high costs of treating them adequately. Most senior prisoners are poor Black and brown men and people with some specific social fragility. A positive factor underscored by Brazilian and North American researchers is the cultivation of spirituality, which helps older adults in prison keep some well-being. However, incarcerated older adults require much other care, and few initiatives consider the specific needs of this social group. The time has come for Brazil to face this issue, whether out of social responsibility or human solidarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo
- Departamento de Estudos sobre Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli (Claves), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Patrícia Constantino
- Departamento de Estudos sobre Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli (Claves), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz). R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
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Jones RM, Gerritsen C, Maheandiran M, Penney S, Simpson AI. Change in Severity of Mental Disorder of Remand Prisoners: An Observational Group-Based Trajectory Study. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 68:418-425. [PMID: 35849126 PMCID: PMC10331257 DOI: 10.1177/07067437221114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorder is common among prisoners; however, little is known about how illness severity changes during incarceration, and especially to what extent there are different trajectories of change. AIMS Our aims were to investigate trajectories of illness severity among male and female inmates with serious mental disorders, and to investigate whether clinical or demographic variables are associated with different trajectories. METHODS We carried out a retrospective cohort study of newly remanded inmates who had three or more serial measures of illness severity as measured by psychiatrists using the Clinical Global Impression-Corrections (CGI-C), and used group-based trajectory modelling to identify trajectories. We investigated whether clinical and demographic variables were associated with different groups. RESULTS We found an overall reduction in the severity of illness (mean change in CGI-C score -0.74, SD 1.5), with women showing greater improvement than men. We identified three distinct trajectories among men and three among women, all showing improvement in illness severity. Approximately 15% of the entire cohort had full resolution of symptoms, whereas the remainder showed partial improvement. Women, younger inmates, and those with substance use disorders were more likely to have full resolution of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Although most prisoners showed improvement, and a small proportion had full resolution of symptoms, a significant number continued to have moderately severe symptoms. There is a need for comprehensive treatment within the detention centre, but also a need for transfer to hospital for those with severe symptoms as improvement within the correctional setting tends to be modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland M. Jones
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory Gerritsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie Penney
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander I.F. Simpson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Mantell R, Withall A, Radford K, Kasumovic M, Monds L, Hwang YIJ. The Design Preferences for a Serious Game-based Cognitive Assessment of Older People in Prison: Thematic Analysis (Preprint). JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e45467. [PMID: 37067850 PMCID: PMC10152383 DOI: 10.2196/45467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious games have the potential to transform the field of cognitive assessment. The use of serious game-based cognitive assessments in prison environments is particularly exciting. This is because interventions are urgently needed to address the rapid increase in the number of currently incarcerated older adults globally and because of the heightened risks of dementia and cognitive decline present in this population. Game-based assessments are assumed to be fun, engaging, and suitable alternatives to traditional cognitive testing, but these assumptions remain mostly untested in older adults. This is especially true for older adults in prison, whose preferences and needs are seldom heard and may deviate from those previously captured in studies on cognition and serious games. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand the design preferences of older adults in prison for a game-based cognitive assessment. METHODS This study used reflexive thematic analysis, underpinned by critical realism, and applied the technique of abduction. Overall, 4 focus groups with a total of 20 participants were conducted with older adults (aged ≥50 years; aged ≥45 years for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) across 3 distinct prison environments in Australia. RESULTS Self-determination theory was used as a theoretical foundation to interpret the results. Overall, 3 themes were generated: Goldilocks-getting gameplay difficulty just right through optimal challenge (the first theme emphasizes the participants' collective desire for an individualized optimal level of difficulty in serious gameplay), Avoiding Childish Graphics-gimmicky gameplay can be condescending (the second theme raises the importance of avoiding immature and childlike gameplay features, as some older end users in prison felt that these can be condescending), and A Balanced Diet-meaningful choice and variety keeps game-based assessments fun (the third theme highlights the strong user preference for meaningful choice and variety in any serious game-based cognitive assessment to maximize in-game autonomy). CONCLUSIONS The collection of these themes provides novel insights into key game design preferences of marginalized older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys Mantell
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrienne Withall
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kylie Radford
- Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Kasumovic
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Arludo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lauren Monds
- Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ye In Jane Hwang
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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White JJ, Zaller ND, Fernandez MI, Spikes P, Flores S, Latkin CA, Yang C. Recent Incarceration and Other Correlates of Psychological Distress Among African American and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:624-632. [PMID: 34216334 PMCID: PMC8720901 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a dearth of research on the intersection of incarceration and psychological distress among men who have sex with men including African American (AAMSM) and Latino MSM (LMSM), populations which bear a large burden of HIV in the U.S. Recent incarceration is an important context to examine psychological distress given the critical implications it has on health outcomes. Using baseline data from the Latino and African American Men's Project (LAAMP), a multi-site randomized HIV behavioral intervention trial, this paper examined the association between previous incarceration within the past three months (i.e., recent incarceration) and psychological distress in the past four weeks, assessed by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Among 1482 AAMSM and LMSM (AAMSM: 911, LMSM: 571), we found 768 (52%) were previously incarcerated, but not in past three months and 138 (9.3%) had been recently incarcerated. After adjusting for race, education, access to resources, current living arrangement, HIV status, and substance use, participants who had been recently incarcerated were more likely to have mild psychological distress i.e., K10 score 20-24 (aRRR:1.43, 95% CI 1.20, 1.71) or severe psychological distress, i.e., K10 score > 30 (aRRR: 1.89, 95% CI 1.22, 2.93) in the past four weeks than those never incarcerated and those previously incarcerated, but not in past three months. Our findings have implications for mental health and HIV prevention services for AAMSM and LMSM with previous incarceration within the past three months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J White
- School of Social Work, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Jenkins Building, Room 334, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Nickolas D Zaller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - M Isabel Fernandez
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Pilgrim Spikes
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephen Flores
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mussie KM, Pageau F, Merkt H, Wangmo T, Elger BS. Challenges in providing ethically competent health care to incarcerated older adults with mental illness: a qualitative study exploring mental health professionals' perspectives in Canada. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:718. [PMID: 34922493 PMCID: PMC8683829 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population of incarcerated older adults is the fastest growing demographic in prisons. Older persons in custody have poorer health as compared with those in the community. The unmet and complex health care needs of incarcerated older adults with mental illness raise justice, safety, dignity and fairness in care as ethical concerns. As there exists research gap to better understand these concerns, the current study aimed at exploring the perspectives of mental health professionals on challenges in delivering ethically competent care to mentally ill incarcerated older adults in Canada. METHODS Thirty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted between August 2017 and November 2018 with prison mental health professionals in Canada who were selected using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. The audio recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively to generate themes. RESULTS The results were distilled into three main categories and seven subcategories that related to ethical issues in the provision of health care for mentally ill incarcerated older adults. The main categories included imprisoned older persons with special care needs, lack of resources, and the peer-support program. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study showed that existing practices of care of mentally ill incarcerated older adults are characterised by challenges that increase their vulnerability to worse health conditions. It is imperative for local authorities, policy makers and representatives to prepare for and respond to the challenges that compromise ethically competent health care for, and healthy ageing of, mentally ill incarcerated older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirubel Manyazewal Mussie
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Félix Pageau
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helene Merkt
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tenzin Wangmo
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernice Simone Elger
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.,Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Merkt H, Haesen S, Meyer L, Kressig RW, Elger BS, Wangmo T. Defining an age cut-off for older offenders: a systematic review of literature. Int J Prison Health 2021; 16:95-116. [PMID: 33634649 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-11-2019-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the literature, 65 years is commonly used as the age to designate an older person in the community. When studying older prisoners, there is much variation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how researchers define older offenders and for what reasons. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The authors reviewed articles on health and well-being of older offenders to assess terminology used to describe this age group, the chosen age cut-offs distinguishing younger offenders from older offenders, the arguments provided to support this choice as well as the empirical base cited in this context. FINDINGS The findings show that the age cut-off of 50 years and the term "older" were most frequently used by researchers in the field. The authors find eight main arguments given to underscore the use of specific age cut-offs delineating older offenders. They outline the reasoning provided for each argument and evaluate it for its use to define older offenders. ORIGINALITY/VALUE With this review, it is hoped to stimulate the much-needed discussion advancing towards a uniform definition of the older offender. Such a uniform definition would make future research more comparable and ensure that there is no ambiguity when researchers state that the study population is "older offenders".
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Merkt
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Haesen
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leila Meyer
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto W Kressig
- University Centre for Medicine of Aging, Felix Platter Hospital, Basel, Switzerland and Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernice S Elger
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tenzin Wangmo
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Kołodziej K, Kurowska A, Majda A. Intensity of perceived stress and control of anger, anxiety and depression of people staying in Polish penitentiary institutions. Int J Prison Health 2021; 18:83-96. [PMID: 34390549 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-12-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to assess the intensity of perceived stress and measure the subjective control of anxiety, anger and depression in a group of women and men staying in Polish penitentiary institutions. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The research was carried out in two penitentiary institutions located in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship at the turn of 2019/2020. The study group consisted of 152 prisoners. In the cross-sectional study, two standardised research tools - the Perceived Stress Scale and the Emotional Control Scale - were used. FINDINGS Over half of the prisoners (57.24%) presented a high level of stress. The intensity of the perceived stress did not depend on the gender and age of the convicted persons. The general indicator of emotional control among the respondents averaged 51.82 points (standard deviation = 14.52) and ranged from 22 to 83 points, which means that people detained in penitentiary institutions suppressed their negative emotions at an average level. The prisoners had the best control over fear (M = 18.68), less over anger (M = 16.86) and the least over depression (M = 16.27). Statistical analysis showed a correlation between the level of emotional control and the intensity of perceived stress. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS The small sample size of the group participating in the study and narrowing of the research area means that results can not be generalised across all isolated prison population. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The results obtained from the study can be used by a multidisciplinary team to develop therapeutic programmes for convicted persons, the aim of which is to evaluate strategies for coping with stress and controlling emotions. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS Popularising reliable information related to the issue of experiencing stress and varied emotions in those staying in penitentiary institutions may lead to the elimination of harmful stereotypes functioning in society, as well as reduce the phenomenon of marginalisation of prisoners, and thus contribute to the success of the social rehabilitation process. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Research on the level of stress intensity in prisoners is important because the rates of mental health disorders among prisoners consistently exceed the rates of such disorders in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kołodziej
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Laboratory of Theory and Fundamentals of Nursing, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurowska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Laboratory of Theory and Fundamentals of Nursing, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Majda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Laboratory of Theory and Fundamentals of Nursing, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Hwang YIJ, Ginnivan NA, Simpson PL, Baidawi S, Withall A, Williams B, Butler T. COVID-19 and incarcerated older adults: a commentary on risk, care and early release in Australia. Int J Prison Health 2021; 17:245-257. [PMID: 33988936 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-10-2020-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this commentary is to draw upon available literature and practices related to COVID-19 and management of older incarcerated adults in Australia to highlight key matters for better risk management and care of this population during this and future infectious disease pan/epidemics. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The present commentary draws on current policies, practices and literature regarding the health, needs and management of older incarcerated adults in Australia to discuss risk, care and early release for this population during the COVID-19 pandemic. FINDINGS Incarcerated persons experience poorer health and accelerated age-related decline compared to those in the general community. The present situation offers the opportunity to fill knowledge and practice gaps, including policies for staff training, identification of dementia and cognitive decline, assessment of mobility issues, addressing barriers to health-seeking, possibilities of medical or compassionate release, risk assessment and release protocols and post-release needs. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS While Australian prisons have acknowledged the vulnerability of older persons, more focused adaptation of COVID-19-related policies to consider adults as young as 45 years are needed. Appropriate ethical identification and management of cases in this population is needed, as is discussion on issues of decarceration and medical release. Re-conceptualisation of incarcerated adults as "citizens in need of care", rather than as "offenders to be secured", will be beneficial. Robust, local evidence is needed to assist decision-making. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This is a comprehensive, focused review of relevant evidence, policies and practices for a growing subpopulation of prisoners worldwide with complex needs and particular vulnerability to the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye In Jane Hwang
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Paul Leslie Simpson
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Susan Baidawi
- Department of Social Work, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Adrienne Withall
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brie Williams
- Division of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tony Butler
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Gonete KA, Tariku A, Wami SD, Akalu TY. Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among adolescent girls in Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Public Health Rev 2020; 41:23. [PMID: 33062379 PMCID: PMC7547502 DOI: 10.1186/s40985-020-00137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary diversity is defined as the number of food groups or items consumed over a reference period, and usually, it is a problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary diversity is one of a major public health problem and can result in physical, emotional, and psychological changes among adolescents. However, studies on dietary diversity among school children were very limited. Hence, this study aimed at determining dietary diversity practices and factors among adolescents in Dembia district. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2017, at Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 474 study subjects were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Dietary diversity was measured through standard tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) 2016 using the 24-h recall method. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with a diversified diet. Result This study illustrated that 32.3% (95% CI 27.9–36.8) of the adolescents had adequate dietary diversity. Inadequate dietary diversity was significantly associated with being Muslim (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.7), self-employment (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.9), middle (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3–0.8) and high wealth category (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.2–0.6), and underweight (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3–9.5). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that only one-third of adolescent girls have adequate dietary diversity. Low level of dietary diversification suggested points to the need for strengthening efforts targeting to improve the healthy dietary practice of adolescents by giving due attention to poor households and undernourished adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedir Abdela Gonete
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Tariku
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Daba Wami
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Yihunie Akalu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Maschi T, Dasarathy D. Aging With Mental Disorders in the Criminal Justice System: A Content Analysis of the Empirical Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2019; 63:2103-2137. [PMID: 31068046 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19843885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To fill a current gap in the literature on aging, mental health, and the criminal justice system, a content analysis of international peer-reviewed research studies was conducted. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify English language research studies published in 2018-19. Forty-four articles were located using keyword search terms, such as aging, mental health, and criminal justice. The methods and major findings were analyzed using deductive and inductive approaches. It was found that the majority of the research studies were conducted in the United States and England. The results of the inductive analyses revealed major themes related to mental health detection and access to services, comorbid conditions, and the relationship of age, mental health, criminal behavior, and the social determinants of mental health. Findings from this review have significant implications for advancing epidemiological research, practice, and policy, especially as it relates to the influence of the social determinants of health of aging on life course mental health and criminal justice involvement. Research findings about the correlates and consequences of the social determinants of health, especially as it relates to aging, mental health, and criminal justice involvement, can be used to inform prevention and intervention efforts that target the social determinants of life course health and criminal justice involvement. It also provides a comprehensive assessment of the m methods used in prior studies to help improve future studies in this important area of investigation.
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Kosilov K, Kuzina I, Kosilova L, Gainullina Y, Kuznetsov V, Ivanovskaya M, Prokofyeva A. Health-related quality of life and socioeconomic status of imprisoned middle-age and elderly persons. SOCIAL THEORY & HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1057/s41285-018-0069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Di Lorito C, Völlm B, Dening T. The individual experience of ageing prisoners: systematic review and meta-synthesis through a Good Lives Model framework. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:252-262. [PMID: 28703409 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The existing literature on ageing prisoners tends to focus on such aspects as diagnosis and physical ill-health. In contrast, the experience of imprisonment from the perspective of ageing prisoners has received less attention. Grounded in a Good Lives Model theoretical framework, we reviewed and meta-synthesised literature around their experience of life in prison, its impact on their wellbeing and how prison services are currently addressing their complex needs. We further identify potential areas of improvement. METHODS 1. Systematic search on Assia, PsycInfo, MedLine, Embase, Web of Science, Google and Gov.uk. 2. Extraction and categorisation of data on NVivo. 3. Development of themes through thematic analysis and meta-synthesis. 4. Identification of potential areas of improvement. RESULTS We selected 25 studies for our review, of which 13 were from the USA, seven from the UK, two from Australia and one each from Ireland, Switzerland and Israel. We identified three themes: The hardship of imprisonment, addressing health and social care needs, and the route out of prison. CONCLUSIONS Ageing prisoners have unique and complex health and social care needs which, to varying degree across different countries, are mostly unmet. Promising initiatives to address their needs are emerging, but, at present time, the overall experience of incarceration for the ageing prisoner is quite poor, given the inconsistent physical, emotional and social care support offered from prison intake to release and beyond. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Di Lorito
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Birgit Völlm
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Dening
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Stevens BA, Shaw R, Bewert P, Salt M, Alexander R, Loo Gee B. Systematic review of aged care interventions for older prisoners. Australas J Ageing 2017; 37:34-42. [DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Stevens
- Charles Sturt University; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Rhonda Shaw
- Charles Sturt University; Port Macquarie New South Wales Australia
| | - Peter Bewert
- Aged Care Plus Support Services; The Salvation Army; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Mavis Salt
- Aged Care Plus Support Services; The Salvation Army; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Rebecca Alexander
- Charles Sturt University; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Brendan Loo Gee
- Charles Sturt University; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
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15
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De Smet S, De Donder L, Ryan D, Van Regenmortel S, Brosens D, Vandevelde S. Factors related to the quality of life of older prisoners. Qual Life Res 2017; 26:1571-1585. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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