A psychosocial cancer phone center staffed by professional psychologists as an integral part of the standard process of care: Its utility during the course of illness

Qualitative analysis of cancer telephone consultations: Differences in the counseling needs of Japanese men and women

OBJECTIVE

To analyze large-scale data obtained from telephone cancer consultations and clarify sex differences in the information sought by callers to guide future cancer survivor support.

METHODS

We qualitatively analyzed 10,534 cases of telephone consultations with cancer patients. The relationships between callers' words and sex were visualized through a correspondence analysis, and the keywords extracted were visualized with a dependency relationship to the words "worry" and "anxiety," which had a high prevalence in the text data.

RESULTS

Most of the male callers sought consultation about stomach cancer (11.8%), the consultations were predominantly about "suspicion of having cancer" (25.2%), and males indicated that the goal was to gather accurate information. Female callers mostly sought consultation about breast cancer (18.4%) were mainly interested in learning about "treatment" (31.0%), and mostly used the keywords "worry" and "anxiety." The total number of callers without a definitive diagnosis accounted for 20% of all consultations.

CONCLUSIONS

Healthcare providers need to understand unique sex-based coping styles and perform regular follow-ups. There is also a need for online platforms that provide information from the patient's perspective.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

Providing a cancer consultation support system and easy-to-understand medical information will improve communication between survivors, their families, and medical staff.

S2O - A software tool for integrating research data from general purpose statistic software into electronic data capture systems

Background

Data capture for clinical registries or pilot studies is often performed in spreadsheet-based applications like Microsoft Excel or IBM SPSS. Usually, data is transferred into statistic software, such as SAS, R or IBM SPSS Statistics, for analyses afterwards. Spreadsheet-based solutions suffer from several drawbacks: It is generally not possible to ensure a sufficient right and role management; it is not traced who has changed data when and why. Therefore, such systems are not able to comply with regulatory requirements for electronic data capture in clinical trials. In contrast, Electronic Data Capture (EDC) software enables a reliable, secure and auditable collection of data. In this regard, most EDC vendors support the CDISC ODM standard to define, communicate and archive clinical trial meta- and patient data. Advantages of EDC systems are support for multi-user and multicenter clinical trials as well as auditable data. Migration from spreadsheet based data collection to EDC systems is labor-intensive and time-consuming at present. Hence, the objectives of this research work are to develop a mapping model and implement a converter between the IBM SPSS and CDISC ODM standard and to evaluate this approach regarding syntactic and semantic correctness.

Results

A mapping model between IBM SPSS and CDISC ODM data structures was developed. SPSS variables and patient values can be mapped and converted into ODM. Statistical and display attributes from SPSS are not corresponding to any ODM elements; study related ODM elements are not available in SPSS. The S2O converting tool was implemented as command-line-tool using the SPSS internal Java plugin. Syntactic and semantic correctness was validated with different ODM tools and reverse transformation from ODM into SPSS format. Clinical data values were also successfully transformed into the ODM structure.

Conclusion

Transformation between the spreadsheet format IBM SPSS and the ODM standard for definition and exchange of trial data is feasible. S2O facilitates migration from Excel- or SPSS-based data collections towards reliable EDC systems. Thereby, advantages of EDC systems like reliable software architecture for secure and traceable data collection and particularly compliance with regulatory requirements are achievable.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0402-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Distress and Psychosocial Needs in Patients Accessing a Cancer Day Surgery Division: Implications for Clinical Decision Making

Introduction: The Distress Thermometer (DT) was built and validated for screening cancer patients for distress, as suggested by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. The current work was designed to measure the rates of distress in a sample of patients being hospitalized in a multidisciplinary outpatient surgery clinic.

OBJECTIVE

To measure the rates of distress in a sample of patients referring to a multidisciplinary day surgery division in a comprehensive cancer center based in Northern Italy. Methods: A total of 177 patients were asked to fill in the (DT) before surgery. Results: Out of 177 patients, 154 (87%) patients completed the DT. While 13% of the patients indicated a total absence of distress, more than half of the sample declared a moderate or high distress. A total of 55% of patients presented at least three difficulties in the Problem List Checklist. Distress was not correlated with age or other medical and clinical variables. Number of emotional problems was the best predictor of distress at admission (β = 0.655, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Screening for distress in a day surgery multidisciplinary oncology division is feasible and a relevant percentage of patients can be identified as clinically distressed. Outcomes also highlight the impact of age and precise physical and psycho-social signs as prognostic indicators of clinically significant distress. Measurement of distress and associated problems list represent the preliminary endpoint toward adequate recommendations that contribute to taking care of distress in cancer patients in cost-effective clinical setting.

Do cancer helplines deliver benefits to people affected by cancer? A systematic review

OBJECTIVES

To determine the: (1) proportion of studies that describe characteristics of helpline service delivery, compared to the proportion that report trials testing efficacy or effectiveness of helplines in changing user outcomes; (2) proportion of efficacy or effectiveness studies that meet EPOC criteria for methodological rigor; and (3) potential benefits of cancer helplines for people affected by cancer based on findings from rigorous efficacy or effectiveness trials.

METHODS

Electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched to identify English-language studies describing original research published from 1991 to 2011.

RESULTS

Twenty-eight publications met the review inclusion criteria. From these studies, data on: the characteristics of cancer helpline users; call content; and user satisfaction, were extracted. The potential for helplines to improve the psychosocial outcomes of callers was examined for the three intervention trials.

CONCLUSION

There is a lack of robust evidence regarding the level and types of benefits that cancer helplines may deliver to callers affected by cancer. Given increased emphasis on delivering best-practise supportive care, building the evidence base in this field may assist cancer helplines to increase their service uptake, reach, and benefit to callers.

PRACTISE IMPLICATIONS

There is a need for more rigorous intervention-focussed studies in this field across a broader range of cancer populations. Future studies should focus on relevant patient-centred outcomes, such as improved knowledge and greater involvement in decision-making, while incorporating process measures to account for intervention fidelity and clinical performance.

Patient perspectives on the usefulness of routine telephone follow-up as psychosocial support for hematologic malignancies: Australian findings

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES

To explore the use of routine telephone follow-up as a supportive care strategy for patients with hematologic malignancies from the patients' perspectives.

RESEARCH APPROACH

A qualitative design based on a series of open-ended interviews and one focus group.

SETTING

Leukaemia Foundation of Queensland, Australia.

PARTICIPANTS

50 participants recruited from the Leukaemia Foundation of Queensland database that represented a sample of major diagnostic groups, age, gender, and geographic location of patients with hematologic malignancies.

METHODOLOGIC APPROACH

Interviews and focus groups were open-ended and were recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and thematically analyzed to form the basis of the findings.

FINDINGS

The majority of participants in the study saw a perceived benefit in regular telephone follow-up as a supportive care service. Benefits included the positive aspects of individualized attention, potential support created for those not open to conventional types of support, and the positive effects of allowing support organizations to keep track of patient progress. However, some participants did not want to receive regular telephone follow-up support because of a desire to move on and access to other support through friends, family, or healthcare professionals.

CONCLUSIONS

The results from the current study affirm previous research. Attitudes toward a telephone follow-up support service vary from patient to patient. Research demonstrates that patients with cancer responded with attitudes that range from favorable to unfavorable toward the benefits and usefulness of telephone support.

INTERPRETATION

Oncology nurses provide supportive care for patients with hematologic malignancies, and they serve as a key professional group to provide follow-up telephone supportive care. Based on the findings from the current article, oncology nurses who provide supportive care should be aware of differing attitudes among patients with hematologic malignancies toward telephone follow-up support. Nurses participating in support initiatives should recognize the notion of patient receptivity and how it affects telephone support strategies.

PTSD symptoms as a consequence of breast cancer diagnosis: clinical implications

It is a well-established multidisciplinary practice at the European Institute of Oncology, that nurses and physicians often report their difficulties to clinical psychologists regarding adherence to hospital scheduling and procedures, when faced with women who, having been diagnosed with cancer, may be too overwhelmed to understand medical advice. We thus undertook an observational-prospective-cohort study, to investigate the prevalence and variation of PTSD symptomatology in women awaiting a mastectomy at a mean of 30 days after diagnosis and up to 2 years after discharge from hospital. The presence of any correlations between PTSD symptoms and medical and psycho-social variables was also investigated. Between March 2011 and June 2012, 150 women entered the study and were evaluated at four points in time: pre-hospital admission, admission for surgery, hospital discharge and two years later. The prevalence of distress at pre-hospital admission was 20% for intrusion symptoms, 19.1% for avoidance symptoms and 70.7% for state anxiety. Intrusion was negatively correlated with time from diagnosis independently of tumor dimensions, i.e. independently of the perceived seriousness of the illness. Even though at two-year follow up the prevalence of intrusion and avoidance is similar to that in the general population, patients with high levels of intrusion and avoidance at pre-hospital admission will maintain these levels, showing difficulties in adjusting to illness even two years later. As for psycho-social factors, the presence of a positive cancer family and relational history is associated with high levels of distress, in particular with intrusive thinking. Proper interventions aimed at the management of these issues and at their implications in clinical practice is clearly warranted.

[First year results of "APAAC infos services"]

CONTEXT

In Ivory Coast, the APAAC association "Let us help persons living with cancer or affected by cancer", in French "Aidons les Personnes Atteintes ou Affectées par le Cancer" (APAAC), set up the first ivorian call center to support persons living with or affected by cancer and to inform population about cancer.

PURPOSES OF THE STUDY

To show the feasibility of such a service in a developing country and to present the first results.

METHODOLOGY

This helpline is, since January 28th, 2010, directly accessible to the population by a fixed phone number. The population can, with a local cost call, contact a specialists team (psychologist, adviser in help relation or doctor), in total confidentiality, every Thursday from 3 pm till 5 pm. Outside Thursdays, informations about cancer are available on vocal server 24 hours a day and seven days a week. Callers are welcomed by a message inviting them either to listen to a recorded message about cancer or about APAAC association or finally to speak to a specialist online. Retrospective study based on the statistics of the call center. Because of a problem arisen on the statistics software, our results carry only over the period from August to December, 2010.

RESULTS

We had, during this period, 462 calls among which 23 in August, 58 in September, 67 in October, 230 in November and 84 in December. Reasons of the increasing of the figures are justify by the poster campaign in September and the communication around the service on television program in November. On these 462 calls, we had 35 real communications among whom 10 calls interrupted. The reason was the lack of call credit. The average of the call time was of 20 minutes for the conversations with the specialists. Three hundred and forty-three persons stopped to the welcome message, 341 (9%) listen information on the cancer, 27 (6%) listen information about the association. Sixteen persons wished to speak to specialists but were not regrettably able to make it because having called up except the hours of presence. Three hundred and fifty-five calls took place the working days. The most sought time slots were the ones of 7 am to 6 pm.

CONCLUSION

Those results raises questions about the necessity to create and to continue this kind of telephone counseling for cancer, but also on the need of communication and extension of listening days and hours. In our country context with a population with weak resources, the necessity of access to free call was also raised.

Comparative review of family-professional communication: what mental health care can learn from oncology and nursing home care

Because family members take on caring tasks and also suffer as a consequence of the illness of the patient, communication between health-care professionals and family members of the patient is important. This review compares communication practices between these two parties in three different parts of health care: oncology, nursing home care, and mental health care. It shows that there are important differences between sectors. Mental health stands out because contacts between family members and professionals are considered problematic due to the autonomy and confidentiality of the patient. The article explores several explanations for this, and, by comparing the three health sectors, distils lessons to improve the relationship between family members and health-care professionals.