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Su Z, Li Y, Xie Y, Huang Z, Cheng A, Zhou X, Li J, Qin R, Wei X, Liu Y, Xia X, Song Q, Zhao L, Liu Z, Xiao D, Wang C. Acute and long COVID-19 symptoms and associated factors in the omicron-dominant period: a nationwide survey via the online platform Wenjuanxing in China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2086. [PMID: 39090598 PMCID: PMC11295386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19510-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS To our knowledge, there is no available nationwide data on omicron symptom patterns in China mainland. We aim to determine the acute and long COVID-19 symptoms in the omicron-dominant period and to evaluate its association with risk factors. METHODS We designed a cross-sectional nationwide study and data about self-reported symptoms were collected by an online platform named Wenjuanxing. Eligible participants were aged 25-65 years and were symptomatic. In this study, the ratios of the number of people of different ages and genders were weighted by the data from the Seventh National Census (2020 years), and validated by a published nationwide representative study through comparing smoking rates. Descriptive indicators were calculated for demographic characteristics, diagnosis ways, and duration time, acute symptoms, hospitalization, severity and long COVID-19 symptoms. And, the associations between risk factors and acute and long COVID-19 symptoms were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS A total of 32,528 individuals diagnosed as COVID-19 infection from October 1, 2022 to February 21, 2023 were included. The first three acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection were fever (69.90%), headache (62.63%), and sore throat (54.29%), respectively. The hospitalization rate within 7 days was 3.07% and symptoms disappearance rate within 21 days was 68.84%, respectively. Among 3983 COVID-19 patients with 3 months or more time difference between first infection and participation into the study, the long COVID-19 rate was 19.68% and the primary symptoms were muscle weakness (19.39%), headache (17.98%) and smell/taste disorder (15.18%). Age groups, smoking, marriage status and vaccination were risk factors for numbers of acute phase symptoms and long COVID-19 symptoms. Lastly, female and current smokers also showed more numbers of symptoms during acute infection period. CONCLUSIONS In Chinese mainland, our respondent indicated that current smokers and women were associated with acute COVID-19 symptoms, which should be treated with caution due to the lack of representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Su
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- China Health Education Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenxiao Huang
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Anqi Cheng
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmei Zhou
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxuan Li
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wei
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Song
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Seefat MR, Stege CAM, Lissenberg-Witte BI, Levin MD, Timmers GJ, Hoogendoorn M, Ypma PF, Klein SK, Velders GA, Westerman M, Strobbe L, Durdu-Rayman N, Davidis-van Schoonhoven MA, van Kampen RJW, Dijk AC, Koster A, Silbermann MH, van der Spek E, Beeker A, Erjavec Z, de Graauw NCHP, Leys MBL, Sonneveld P, van de Donk NWCJ, Nasserinejad K, Blommestein HM, Cucchi DGJ, Zweegman S. Quality of life gains in frail and intermediate-fit patients with multiple Myeloma: Findings from the prospective HOVON123 clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2024; 207:114153. [PMID: 38870747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients is associated with treatment-related toxicity, which negatively affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Currently, data on changes in HRQoL of frail and intermediate-fit MM patients during active treatment and post-treatment follow-up are absent. METHODS The HOVON123 study (NTR4244) was a phase II trial in which NDMM patients ≥ 75 years were treated with nine dose-adjusted cycles of Melphalan-Prednisone-Bortezomib (MPV). Two HRQoL instruments (EORTC QLQ-C30 and -MY20) were obtained before start of treatment, after 3 and 9 months of treatment and 6 and 12 months after treatment for patients who did not yet start second-line treatment. HRQoL changes and/or differences in frail and intermediate-fit patients (IMWG frailty score) were reported only when both statistically significant (p < 0.005) and clinically relevant (>MID). RESULTS 137 frail and 71 intermediate-fit patients were included in the analysis. Compliance was high and comparable in both groups. At baseline, frail patients reported lower global health status, lower physical functioning scores and more fatigue and pain compared to intermediate-fit patients. Both groups improved in global health status and future perspective; polyneuropathy complaints worsened over time. Frail patients improved over time in physical functioning, fatigue and pain. Improvement in global health status occurred earlier than in intermediate-fit patients. CONCLUSION HRQoL improved during anti-myeloma treatment in both intermediate-fit and frail MM patients. In frail patients, improvement occurred faster and, in more domains, which was retained during follow-up. This implies that physicians should not withhold safe and effective therapies from frail patients in fear of HRQoL deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Seefat
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - C A M Stege
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - B I Lissenberg-Witte
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M D Levin
- Internal Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - G J Timmers
- Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, the Netherlands
| | - M Hoogendoorn
- Hematology, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - P F Ypma
- Hematology, Haga Hospital, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - S K Klein
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - G A Velders
- Internal Medicine, Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - M Westerman
- Internal Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - L Strobbe
- Internal Medicine, Gelre Hospital Zutphen, Zutphen, the Netherlands
| | - N Durdu-Rayman
- Internal Medicine, Franciscus Hospital location Vlietland, Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | | | - R J W van Kampen
- Internal Medicine-hematology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - A C Dijk
- Internal Medicine, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, the Netherlands
| | - A Koster
- Internal Medicine, Viecuri Medical Center, Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - M H Silbermann
- Internal Medicine, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, the Netherlands
| | - E van der Spek
- Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - A Beeker
- Internal Medicine, MBA Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands
| | - Z Erjavec
- Internal Medicine, Treant ziekenhuis, Hoogeveen, the Netherlands
| | | | - M B L Leys
- Hematology and Oncology, Maasstad ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Sonneveld
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - N W C J van de Donk
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - K Nasserinejad
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - H M Blommestein
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D G J Cucchi
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī; Internal Medicine, Franciscus Hospital location Vlietland, Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | - S Zweegman
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī.
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Meaklim H, Le F, Drummond SPA, Bains SK, Varma P, Junge MF, Jackson ML. Insomnia is more likely to persist than remit after a time of stress and uncertainty: a longitudinal cohort study examining trajectories and predictors of insomnia symptoms. Sleep 2024; 47:zsae028. [PMID: 38308584 PMCID: PMC11009016 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The study aimed to characterize insomnia symptom trajectories over 12 months during a time of stress and uncertainty, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It also aimed to investigate sleep and psychological predictors of persistent insomnia symptoms. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study comprised 2069 participants with and without insomnia symptoms during the first year of the pandemic. Participants completed online surveys investigating sleep, insomnia, and mental health at four timepoints over 12 months (April 2020-May 2021). Additional trait-level cognitive/psychological questionnaires were administered at 3 months only. RESULTS Six distinct classes of insomnia symptoms emerged: (1) severe persistent insomnia symptoms (21.65%), (2) moderate persistent insomnia symptoms (32.62%), (3) persistent good sleep (32.82%), (4) severe insomnia symptoms at baseline but remitting over time (2.27%), (5) moderate insomnia symptoms at baseline but remitting over time (7.78%), and (6) good sleep at baseline but deteriorating into insomnia symptoms over time (2.85%). Persistent insomnia trajectories were predicted by high levels of sleep reactivity, sleep effort, pre-sleep cognitive arousal, and depressive symptoms at baseline. A combination of high sleep reactivity and sleep effort reduced the odds of insomnia remitting. Higher sleep reactivity also predicted the deterioration of good sleep into insomnia symptoms over 12 months. Lastly, intolerance of uncertainty emerged as the only trait-level cognitive/psychological predictor of insomnia trajectory classes. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia was more likely to persist than remit over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing sleep reactivity and sleep effort appears critical for reducing insomnia persistence rates after times of stress and uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Meaklim
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Flora Le
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sean P A Drummond
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sukhjit K Bains
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Prerna Varma
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Moira F Junge
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Sleep Health Foundation, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melinda L Jackson
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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Czeisler MÉ, Weaver MD, Robbins R, Barger LK, Varma P, Quan SF, Lane RI, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW, Czeisler CA. Sleep and mental health among unpaid caregivers of children, adults, and both: United States, 2022. Sleep Health 2024; 10:S201-S207. [PMID: 37770250 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to characterize sleep and mental health, and their relationship, among unpaid caregivers. METHODS During March through August 2022, four waves of cross-sectional surveys were administered to US adults using demographic quota sampling and weighting to improve representativeness of the US adult population. RESULTS Among 19,767 respondents, 6260 (31.7%) identified as serving one or more unpaid caregiving roles. Compared to people without caregiving roles, caregivers more commonly reported sleep duration outside the healthy range (7-9 hours), insomnia symptoms, diagnosed sleep disorders, and more commonly screened positive for anxiety, depression, and burnout symptoms. Multivariable analyses adjusted for demographics characteristics revealed unpaid caregivers had several-fold elevated odds of adverse mental health symptoms; associations were attenuated but remained significant after adjusting for impaired and nonoptimal sleep. CONCLUSIONS Both sleep and mental health challenges are disproportionately experienced by and commonly co-occur among unpaid caregivers, especially those who care for both children and adults. These populations, which serve critical societal roles, may benefit from enhanced support services to address sleep and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark É Czeisler
- Francis Weld Peabody Society, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Matthew D Weaver
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Robbins
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura K Barger
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Prerna Varma
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rashon I Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Sutter Health, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Mark E Howard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shantha M W Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Cherry N, Adisesh A, Burstyn I, Durand-Moreau Q, Galarneau JM, Labrèche F, Ruzycki SM, Zadunayski T. Cohort profile: recruitment and retention in a prospective cohort of Canadian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074716. [PMID: 37914305 PMCID: PMC10626826 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthcare workers were recruited early in 2020 to chart effects on their health as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved. The aim was to identify modifiable workplace risk factors for infection and mental ill health. PARTICIPANTS Participants were recruited from four Canadian provinces, physicians (medical doctors, MDs) in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec, registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and healthcare aides (HCAs) in Alberta and personal support workers (PSWs) in Ontario. Volunteers gave blood for serology testing before and after vaccination. Cases with COVID-19 were matched with up to four referents in a nested case-referent study. FINDINGS TO DATE Overall, 4964/5130 (97%) of those recruited joined the longitudinal cohort: 1442 MDs, 3136 RNs, 71 LPNs, 235 PSWs, 80 HCAs. Overall, 3812 (77%) were from Alberta. Prepandemic risk factors for mental ill health and respiratory illness differed markedly by occupation. Participants completed questionnaires at recruitment, fall 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022. By 2022, 4837 remained in the cohort (127 had retired, moved away or died), for a response rate of 89% (4299/4837). 4567/4964 (92%) received at least one vaccine shot: 2752/4567 (60%) gave postvaccine blood samples. Ease of accessing blood collection sites was a strong determinant of participation. Among 533 cases and 1697 referents recruited to the nested case-referent study, risk of infection at work decreased with widespread vaccination. FUTURE PLANS Serology results (concentration of IgG) together with demographic data will be entered into the publicly accessible database compiled by the Canadian Immunology Task Force. Linkage with provincial administrative health databases will permit case validation, investigation of longer-term sequelae of infection and comparison with community controls. Analysis of the existing dataset will concentrate on effects on IgG of medical condition, medications and stage of pregnancy, and the role of occupational exposures and supports on mental health during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cherry
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anil Adisesh
- Division of Occupational Medicine, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Igor Burstyn
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Quentin Durand-Moreau
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Galarneau
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Shannon M Ruzycki
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- W21C, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tanis Zadunayski
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Grzesik ER, Ghosh A. Hope, proactive personality, coping styles, and satisfaction with life among veterans during COVID-19. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 35:440-450. [PMID: 37615554 PMCID: PMC10453974 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2023.2204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces are an at-risk population given their increased mental health concerns resulting from their military service. However, there has been limited research conducted with this population during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine aspects of positive psychological functioning with 132 U.S. veterans during COVID-19 using Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) transactional model of stress and coping. Specifically, we examined the personal resources of hope and proactive personality, two coping styles, and satisfaction with life. We performed correlation analyses to determine how these constructs related to each other. We also conducted a regression analysis to examine if the two dimensions of hope, proactive personality, adaptive coping, and maladaptive coping predicted veterans' satisfaction with life. Lastly, we utilized a mediation analysis to investigate whether two coping styles mediated the relationships among personal resources and satisfaction with life. Findings from the regression analysis suggested hope pathways and proactive personality were significant predictors of satisfaction with life. Results from the mediation analysis suggested that adaptive and maladaptive coping did not mediate the relationships among personal resources and satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Grzesik
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Arpita Ghosh
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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7
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Pasqualetti F, Barberis A, Zanotti S, Montemurro N, De Salvo GL, Soffietti R, Mazzanti CM, Ius T, Caffo M, Paiar F, Bocci G, Lombardi G, Harris AL, Buffa FM. The impact of survivorship bias in glioblastoma research. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 188:104065. [PMID: 37392899 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the therapy of Central Nervous System (CNS) malignancies, treatment of glioblastoma (GB) poses significant challenges due to GB resistance and high recurrence rates following post-operative radio-chemotherapy. The majority of prognostic and predictive GB biomarkers are currently developed using tumour samples obtained through surgical interventions. However, the selection criteria adopted by different neurosurgeons to determine which cases are suitable for surgery make operated patients not representative of all GB cases. Particularly, geriatric and frail individuals are excluded from surgical consideration in some cancer centers. Such selection generates a survival (or selection) bias that introduces limitations, rendering the patients or data chosen for downstream analyses not representative of the entire community. In this review, we discuss the implication of survivorship bias on current and novel biomarkers for patient selection, stratification, therapy, and outcome analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pasqualetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Sofia Zanotti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas University Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montemurro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience, University and City of Health and Science University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tamara Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Head-Neck and NeuroScience Department University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Caffo
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Biomorphology and Dental Sciences and Morfophunctional Imaging, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | | | - Francesca M Buffa
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Computing Sciences, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy; Institute for Data Science and Analytics, Bocconi University, Milano, Italy
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8
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Bright SJ, Hübel C, Young KS, Bristow S, Peel AJ, Rayner C, Mundy J, Palmos AB, Purves KL, Kalsi G, Armour C, Jones IR, Hotopf M, McIntosh AM, Smith DJ, Walters JTR, Rogers HC, Thompson KN, Adey BN, Monssen D, Kakar S, Malouf CM, Hirsch C, Glen K, Kelly EJ, Veale D, Eley TC, Breen G, Davies MR. Sociodemographic, mental health, and physical health factors associated with participation within re-contactable mental health cohorts: an investigation of the GLAD Study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:542. [PMID: 37495971 PMCID: PMC10373233 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Genetic Links to Anxiety and Depression (GLAD) Study is a large cohort of individuals with lifetime anxiety and/or depression, designed to facilitate re-contact of participants for mental health research. At the start of the pandemic, participants from three cohorts, including the GLAD Study, were invited to join the COVID-19 Psychiatry and Neurological Genetics (COPING) study to monitor mental and neurological health. However, previous research suggests that participation in longitudinal studies follows a systematic, rather than random, process, which can ultimately bias results. Therefore, this study assessed participation biases following the re-contact of GLAD Study participants. METHODS In April 2020, all current GLAD Study participants (N = 36,770) were invited to the COPING study. Using logistic regression, we investigated whether sociodemographic, mental, and physical health characteristics were associated with participation in the COPING baseline survey (aim one). Subsequently, we used a zero-inflated negative binomial regression to examine whether these factors were also related to participation in the COPING follow-up surveys (aim two). RESULTS For aim one, older age, female gender identity, non-binary or self-defined gender identities, having one or more physical health disorders, and providing a saliva kit for the GLAD Study were associated with an increased odds of completing the COPING baseline survey. In contrast, lower educational attainment, Asian or Asian British ethnic identity, Black or Black British ethnic identity, higher alcohol consumption at the GLAD sign-up survey, and current or ex-smoking were associated with a reduced odds. For aim two, older age, female gender, and saliva kit provision were associated with greater COPING follow-up survey completion. Lower educational attainment, higher alcohol consumption at the GLAD Study sign-up, ex-smoking, and self-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had negative relationships. CONCLUSIONS Participation biases surrounding sociodemographic and physical health characteristics were particularly evident when re-contacting the GLAD Study volunteers. Factors associated with participation may vary depending on study design. Researchers should examine the barriers and mechanisms underlying participation bias in order to combat these issues and address recruitment biases in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Bright
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Christopher Hübel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Economics and Business Economics, National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katherine S Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shannon Bristow
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alicia J Peel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Christopher Rayner
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Mundy
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alish B Palmos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gursharan Kalsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cherie Armour
- Research Centre for Stress, Trauma & Related Conditions (STARC), School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast (QUB), Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ian R Jones
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, National Centre for Mental Health and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James T R Walters
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, National Centre for Mental Health and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Henry C Rogers
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine N Thompson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Brett N Adey
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dina Monssen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Saakshi Kakar
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chelsea M Malouf
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Colette Hirsch
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kiran Glen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily J Kelly
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Veale
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Molly R Davies
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, PO80, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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9
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Newlove‐Delgado T, Russell AE, Mathews F, Cross L, Bryant E, Gudka R, Ukoumunne OC, Ford TJ. Annual Research Review: The impact of Covid-19 on psychopathology in children and young people worldwide: systematic review of studies with pre- and within-pandemic data. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:611-640. [PMID: 36421049 PMCID: PMC10952503 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high volume and pace of research has posed challenges to researchers, policymakers and practitioners wanting to understand the overall impact of the pandemic on children and young people's mental health. We aimed to search for and review the evidence from epidemiological studies to answer the question: how has mental health changed in the general population of children and young people? METHODS Four databases (Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsychINFO) were searched in October 2021, with searches updated in February 2022. We aimed to identify studies of children or adolescents with a mean age of 18 years or younger at baseline, that reported change on a validated mental health measure from prepandemic to during the pandemic. Abstracts and full texts were double-screened against inclusion criteria and quality assessed using a risk of bias tool. Studies were narratively synthesised, and meta-analyses were performed where studies were sufficiently similar. RESULTS 6917 records were identified, and 51 studies included in the review. Only four studies had a rating of high quality. Studies were highly diverse in terms of design, setting, timing in relation to the pandemic, population, length of follow-up and choice of measure. Methodological heterogeneity limited the potential to conduct meta-analyses across studies. Whilst the evidence suggested a slight deterioration on some measures, overall, the findings were mixed, with no clear pattern emerging. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need for a more harmonised approach to research in this field. Despite the sometimes-inconsistent results of our included studies, the evidence supports existing concerns about the impact of Covid-19 on children's mental health and on services for this group, given that even small changes can have a significant impact on provision at population level. Children and young people must be prioritised in pandemic recovery, and explicitly considered in planning for any future pandemic response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frances Mathews
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Lauren Cross
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Eleanor Bryant
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Rebecca Gudka
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Obioha C. Ukoumunne
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC)ExeterUK
| | - Tamsin J. Ford
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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10
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Czeisler MÉ, Wolkow AP, Czeisler CA, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW, Lane RI. Association between burnout and adherence with mask usage and additional COVID-19 prevention behaviours: findings from a large-scale, demographically representative survey of US adults. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066226. [PMID: 36858474 PMCID: PMC9979584 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies have found associations between occupational burnout symptoms and reduced engagement with healthy behaviours. We sought to characterise demographic, employment and sleep characteristics associated with occupational burnout symptoms, and to evaluate their relationships with adherence to COVID-19 prevention behaviours (mask usage, hand hygiene, avoiding gatherings, physical distancing, obtaining COVID-19 tests if potentially infected). METHODS During December 2020, surveys were administered cross-sectionally to 5208 US adults (response rate=65.8%). Quota sampling and survey weighting were employed to improve sample representativeness of sex, age and race and ethnicity. Among 3026 employed respondents, logistic regression models examined associations between burnout symptoms and demographic, employment and sleep characteristics. Similar models were conducted to estimate associations between burnout and non-adherence with COVID-19 prevention behaviours. RESULTS Women, younger adults, unpaid caregivers, those working more on-site versus remotely and those with insufficient or impaired sleep had higher odds of occupational burnout symptoms. Burnout symptoms were associated with less frequent mask usage (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.1), hand hygiene (aOR=2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.7), physical distancing (aOR=1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6), avoiding gatherings (aOR=1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) and obtaining COVID-19 tests (aOR=1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8). CONCLUSIONS Disparities in occupational burnout symptoms exist by gender, age, caregiving, employment and sleep health. Employees experiencing occupational burnout symptoms might exhibit reduced adherence with COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Employers can support employee health by addressing the psychological syndrome of occupational burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark É Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Francis Weld Peabody Society, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander P Wolkow
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark E Howard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shantha M W Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rashon I Lane
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Delayed TBI-Induced Neuronal Death in the Ipsilateral Hippocampus and Behavioral Deficits in Rats: Influence of Corticosterone-Dependent Survivorship Bias? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054542. [PMID: 36901972 PMCID: PMC10003069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic corticosterone (CS) elevations after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be involved in distant hippocampal damage and the development of late posttraumatic behavioral pathology. CS-dependent behavioral and morphological changes were studied 3 months after TBI induced by lateral fluid percussion in 51 male Sprague-Dawley rats. CS was measured in the background 3 and 7 days and 1, 2 and 3 months after TBI. Tests including open field, elevated plus maze, object location, new object recognition tests (NORT) and Barnes maze with reversal learning were used to assess behavioral changes in acute and late TBI periods. The elevation of CS on day 3 after TBI was accompanied by early CS-dependent objective memory impairments detected in NORT. Blood CS levels > 860 nmol/L predicted delayed mortality with an accuracy of 0.947. Ipsilateral neuronal loss in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, microgliosis in the contralateral dentate gyrus and bilateral thinning of hippocampal cell layers as well as delayed spatial memory deficits in the Barnes maze were revealed 3 months after TBI. Because only animals with moderate but not severe posttraumatic CS elevation survived, we suggest that moderate late posttraumatic morphological and behavioral deficits may be at least partially masked by CS-dependent survivorship bias.
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12
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Hill ML, Nichter B, Na PJ, Norman SB, Morland LA, Krystal JH, Pietrzak RH. Mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans: a population-based, prospective cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:945-956. [PMID: 34120667 PMCID: PMC8245339 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused myriad health, social, and economic stressors. To date, however, no known study has examined changes in mental health during the pandemic in the U.S. military veteran population. METHODS Data were analyzed from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a nationally representative, prospective cohort survey of 3078 veterans. Pre-to-peri-pandemic changes in psychiatric symptoms were evaluated, as well as pre-pandemic risk and protective factors and pandemic-related correlates of increased psychiatric distress. RESULTS The prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) positive screens increased from pre- to peri-pandemic (7.1% to 9.4%; p < 0.001) and was driven by an increase among veterans aged 45-64 years (8.2% to 13.5%; p < 0.001), but the prevalence of major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder positive screens remained stable. Using a continuous measure of psychiatric distress, an estimated 13.2% of veterans reported a clinically meaningful pre-to-peri-pandemic increase in distress (mean = 1.1 standard deviation). Veterans with a larger pre-pandemic social network size and secure attachment style were less likely to experience increased distress, whereas veterans reporting more pre-pandemic loneliness were more likely to experience increased distress. Concerns about pandemic-related social losses, mental health COVID-19 effects, and housing stability during the pandemic were associated with increased distress, over-and-above pre-pandemic factors. CONCLUSIONS Although most U.S. veterans showed resilience to mental health problems nearly 1 year into the pandemic, the prevalence of GAD positive screens increased, particularly among middle-aged veterans, and one of seven veterans experienced increased distress. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L. Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brandon Nichter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Peter J. Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sonya B. Norman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT, USA
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Leslie A. Morland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- National Center for PTSD, Pacific Islands Division, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - John H. Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Wright A, De Livera A, Lee KH, Higgs C, Nicholson M, Gibbs L, Jorm A. A repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal study of mental health and wellbeing during COVID-19 lockdowns in Victoria, Australia. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2434. [PMID: 36575409 PMCID: PMC9793381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population surveys across the world have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. However, few have simultaneously examined independent cross-sectional data with longitudinal data, each of which have different strengths and weaknesses and facilitate the investigation of distinct research questions. This study aimed to investigate psychological distress and life satisfaction during the first and second lockdowns in the state of Victoria, Australia, and the social factors that may be affected by lockdowns and could affect mental health. METHODS The VicHealth Victorian Coronavirus Wellbeing Impact Study included two 20-min opt-in online panel surveys conducted in May and September 2020 in Victoria, each with a sample of 2000 adults aged 18 + . A two-part study design was used: a repeated cross-sectional study of respondents who participated in Survey One and Survey Two, followed by a longitudinal nested cohort study. The primary exposures were social solidarity, social connectedness and staying connected with family and friends. Using logistic regression modelling, we explored the associations between our exposures and primary outcomes of psychological distress and life satisfaction with and without adjustment for covariates, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The results from the multivariable models were summarised using adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR), 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). RESULTS Cross-sectional results indicated that the percentage of participants with low life satisfaction was significantly higher in the second survey sample (53%) compared to the first (47%). The percentage of participants with high psychological distress was higher but not significantly different between the two survey samples (14% first survey vs 16% second survey). Longitudinal study results indicated that lower social connectedness was significantly associated with higher psychological distress (aOR:3.3; 95% CI: 1.3-8.4) and lower life satisfaction (aOR:0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.4). Younger adults had higher psychological distress compared to older adults (aOR:6.8; 95% CI:1.5-31.1). Unemployment at the time of the first survey was significantly associated with lower life satisfaction at the second survey (aOR:0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9). CONCLUSION This study supports the findings of other international studies. It also highlights the need to promote increased social connection and maintain it at times of isolation and separation, particularly amongst younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Wright
- grid.453690.d0000 0004 0606 6094Department of Health, Victorian State Government, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alysha De Livera
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550Mathematical Sciences, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Keun Hee Lee
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550Mathematical Sciences, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carl Higgs
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550College of Design and Social Context, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Nicholson
- grid.440425.30000 0004 1798 0746Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lisa Gibbs
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony Jorm
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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14
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Granados Samayoa JA, Moore CA, Ruisch BC, Boggs ST, Ladanyi JT, Fazio RH. A gateway conspiracy? Belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories prospectively predicts greater conspiracist ideation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275502. [PMID: 36288276 PMCID: PMC9604008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary focus of research on conspiracy theories has been understanding the psychological characteristics that predict people's level of conspiracist ideation. However, the dynamics of conspiracist ideation-i.e., how such tendencies change over time-are not well understood. To help fill this gap in the literature, we used data from two longitudinal studies (Study 1 N = 107; Study 2 N = 1,037) conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that greater belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories at baseline predicts both greater endorsement of a novel real-world conspiracy theory involving voter fraud in the 2020 American Presidential election (Study 1) and increases in generic conspiracist ideation over a period of several months (Studies 1 and 2). Thus, engaging with real-world conspiracy theories appears to act as a gateway, leading to more general increases in conspiracist ideation. Beyond enhancing our knowledge of conspiracist ideation, this work highlights the importance of fighting the spread of conspiracy theories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Courtney A. Moore
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Shelby T. Boggs
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jesse T. Ladanyi
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Russell H. Fazio
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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15
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Sandrin É, Brun JP, Nguyen C, Biron C, Ivers H. Psychological distress and post-traumatic growth in France during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mediation model of psychosocial safety climate as a determinant of work performance. Front Psychol 2022; 13:993458. [PMID: 36329744 PMCID: PMC9623118 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The psychosocial safety climate (PSC) reflects workers’ perceptions of senior management’s concern for mental health. Because the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated organizational issues, PSC could be a target for interventions attempting to preserve both the psychological health of employees and the economic health of companies. This study examines the direct and indirect relationships between PSC and work performance through two indicators of psychological health, psychological distress and post-traumatic growth, during a health crisis, i.e., prior to the second confinement in France. To this end, 2,004 participants from the French workforce completed a survey in October 2020. The results of mediation analyses indicate that PSC has a direct and positive influence on post-traumatic growth (PTG) and performance, as well as a direct negative influence on psychological distress. PSC also has an indirect positive influence on performance via psychological distress. Organizations that wish to jointly address mental health and performance at work would benefit from optimizing PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Sandrin
- Empreinte Humaine, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Émilie Sandrin,
| | - Jean-Pierre Brun
- Empreinte Humaine, Paris, France
- Department of Management, Faculty of Business and Administration, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Jean-Pierre Brun,
| | | | - Caroline Biron
- Department of Management, Faculty of Business and Administration, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Centre on Sustainable Health, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Hans Ivers
- Department of Management, Faculty of Business and Administration, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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16
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Farid D, Li P, Dasgupta K, Rahme E. Determinants of loss to follow-up in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging: a retrospective cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:1011-1018. [PMID: 36137737 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic loss to follow-up (LFU) creates selection bias and hinders generalisability in longitudinal cohort studies. Little is known about LFU risks in underserved populations including immigrants, those with depressive symptoms and language minorities. We used the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (baseline 2012-2015 and 3-year follow-up 2015-2018) comprehensive and tracking cohorts to examine the association of language with LFU and its effect modification by immigrant status and depressive symptoms among participants from Quebec and those from outside Quebec. METHODS Language was English-speaking, French-speaking and Bilingual according to the language participants' reported being able to converse in. Language minorities were French-speakers outside Quebec and English-speakers inside Quebec. LFU was withdrawal or not providing follow-up data. Logistic regression models assessed the associations of interest. RESULTS Our cohort included 49 179 individuals (mean age 63.0, SD 10.4 years; 51.4% female). Overall, 7808 (15.9%) were immigrants and 7902 (16.1%) had depressive symptoms. Language was 4672 (9.5%) French-speaking, 33 532 (68.2%) English-speaking and 10 976 (22.3%) Bilingual. Immigration ≤20 years (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.53) or arrival at age >22 years (1.32, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.58) and depressive symptoms (1.23, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.46) had higher LFU risks. Bilingual (vs French-speaking) had lower LFU risk outside (0.45, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.86) and inside Quebec (0.78, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.98). LFU risk was higher in French-speakers (vs English-speakers) outside (2.33, 95% CI 1.19 to 4.55), but not inside Quebec. Female, higher income, higher education and low nutritional risk had lower LFU risks. CONCLUSION Speaking only French (vs Bilingual), having depressive symptoms and immigrant status increased LFU risks, with the latter not modifying the language effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Farid
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Patricia Li
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kaberi Dasgupta
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Divisions of Internal Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology, and Endocrinology and Metabolism, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada .,Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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17
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Gémes K, Bergström J, Papola D, Barbui C, Lam AIF, Hall BJ, Seedat S, Morina N, Quero S, Campos D, Pinucci I, Tarsitani L, Deguen S, van der Waerden J, Patanè M, Sijbrandij M, Acartürk C, Burchert S, Bryant RA, Mittendorfer-Rutz E. Symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in six European countries and Australia - Differences by prior mental disorders and migration status. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:214-223. [PMID: 35598751 PMCID: PMC9119165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about changes of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in potentially disadvantaged groups. We investigated changes in anxiety and depression symptoms during the first year of the pandemic in six European countries and Australia by prior mental disorders and migration status. METHODS Overall, 4674 adults answered a web-based survey in May-June 2020 and were followed by three repeated surveys up to February 2021. Information on psychosocial, financial and demographic, living conditions, prior mental disorders, depression and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic and migration status was collected. Weighted general estimation equations modelling was used to investigate the association between prior mental disorders, migration status, and symptoms over time. RESULTS Most participants were <40 years old (48%), women (78%) and highly educated (62%). The baseline prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms ranged between 19%-45% and 13%-35%, respectively. In most countries, prevalence rates remained unchanged throughout the pandemic and were higher among people with prior mental disorders than without even after adjustment for several factors. We observed interactions between previous mental disorders and symptoms of anxiety or depression over time in two countries. No difference by migration status was noted. LIMITATIONS Convenience sampling limits generalizability. Self-assessed symptoms of depression and anxiety might involve some misclassification. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety symptoms were worse among individuals with prior mental disorders than without, but there was no clear trend of worsening mental health in the observed groups during the observed period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gémes
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jakob Bergström
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Davide Papola
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Agnes Iok Fong Lam
- Centre for Macau Studies, University of Macau, Macao (SAR), People's Republic of China
| | - Brian J Hall
- Center for Global Health Equity, New York University (Shanghai), Shanghai, People Republic of China; School of Public Health, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Naser Morina
- Department of Consultation-Liason Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soledad Quero
- Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Campos
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Pinucci
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Tarsitani
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Séverine Deguen
- INSERM U1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France; EHESP School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rennes, France
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- INSERM U1136, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France
| | - Martina Patanè
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ceren Acartürk
- Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sebastian Burchert
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Eldridge LA, Estrich CG, Gurenlian JR, Battrell A, Lynch A, Vujicic M, Morrissey R, Dershewitz S, Geisinger ML, Araujo MW. US dental health care workers' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Dent Assoc 2022; 153:740-749. [PMID: 35902154 PMCID: PMC9310057 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and understand factors influencing mental health among dental health care workers (DHCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Beginning in June 2020, 8,902 DHCWs participated monthly in an anonymous longitudinal, web-based survey (response rate, 6.7%). The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 was used to estimate rates of anxiety and depression symptoms. Changes in mental health over time and differences by demographic and practice characteristics, COVID-19 community transmission level, and COVID-19 vaccination status were tested using χ2 tests and multilevel multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Anxiety symptom rates peaked in November 2020 (28% of dental hygienists, 17% of dentists) and declined to 12% for both professions in May 2021. Depression symptom rates were highest in December 2020 (17% of dental hygienists, 10% of dentists) and declined to 8% in May 2021. Controlling for gender, age, race or ethnicity, and COVID-19 community transmission level, the authors found that dentists had significantly lower odds of anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.95) and depression symptoms (aOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.93) than dental hygienists. Compared with vaccinated respondents, those who were unvaccinated but planning on getting vaccinated had significantly higher rates of anxiety (aOR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.44) and depression (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.29) symptoms. CONCLUSIONS DHCWs' mental health fluctuated during the pandemic. Anxiety and depression in DHCWs were associated with demographic and professional characteristics as well as perceived risk of COVID-19. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Mental health support should be made available for DHCWs. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The registration numbers are NCT04423770 and NCT04542915.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Eldridge
- Address correspondence to Ms. Eldridge, ADA Science and Research Institute, 211 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60622
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19
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Sleep and mental health in pregnancy during COVID-19: A parallel process growth model. Sleep Health 2022; 8:484-490. [PMID: 35872151 PMCID: PMC9301500 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Pregnancy is associated with elevated risk for poor sleep quality, which increases the risk for poor obstetrical outcomes and parent mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has seen increased reports of disturbed sleep worldwide; however, the degree this extends to pregnancy or influences pregnancy mental health outcomes has not been examined. The goal of this study was to examine changes in pregnant individuals’ sleep, anxiety, and depression during the pandemic, and to understand how sleep was associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression over time. Methods The Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic (PdP) study is a prospective longitudinal cohort of pregnant individuals (at enrollment) with repeated follow-ups during pregnancy and the postpartum period. About 3747 pregnant individuals participated between April and July 2020. The present analysis was restricted to participants who completed at least 2 assessments, yielding a final sample of 1842 pregnant individuals. Results Depression symptoms were elevated at baseline, compared to prepandemic estimates of prevalence, but declined gradually over time. Shorter sleep duration, higher sleep disturbance, and more sleep-related impairments at baseline predicted a slower decline in depression symptoms over time. More sleep disturbances at baseline also predicted slower decline in anxiety symptoms over time. In contrast, rates of depression and anxiety symptoms at baseline were not predictive of changes in any of the 3 sleep variables over time. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of early intervention for sleep problems in pregnancy, in order to optimize mental health throughout pregnancy and mitigate long-term negative outcomes.
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20
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Yu T, Chen J, Gu NY, Hay JW, Gong CL. Predicting panel attrition in longitudinal HRQoL surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:104. [PMID: 35794553 PMCID: PMC9258760 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-02015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online longitudinal surveys may be subject to potential biases due to sample attrition. This study was designed to identify potential predictors of attrition using a longitudinal panel survey collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Three waves of data were collected using Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), an online crowd-sourced platform. For each wave, the study sample was collected by referencing a US national representative sample distribution of age, gender, and race, based on US census data. Variables included respondents' demographics, medical history, socioeconomic status, COVID-19 experience, changes of health behavior, productivity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Results were compared to pre-pandemic US norms. Measures that predicted attrition at different times of the pandemic were identified via logistic regression with stepwise selection. RESULTS 1467 of 2734 wave 1 respondents participated in wave 2 and, 964 of 2454 wave 2 respondents participated in wave 3. Younger age group, Hispanic origin (p ≤ 0.001) and higher self-rated survey difficulty (p ≤ 0.002) consistently predicted attrition in the following wave. COVID-19 experience, employment, productivity, and limited physical activities were commonly observed variables correlated with attrition with specific measures varying by time periods. From wave 1, mental health conditions, average daily hours worked (p = 0.004), and COVID-19 impact on work productivity (p < 0.001) were associated with a higher attrition rate at wave 2, additional to the aforementioned factors. From wave 2, support of social distancing (p = 0.032), being Republican (p < 0.001), and having just enough money to make ends meet (p = 0.003) were associated with predicted attrition at wave 3. CONCLUSIONS Attrition in this longitudinal panel survey was not random. Besides commonly identified demographic factors that contribute to panel attrition, COVID-19 presented novel opportunities to address sample biases by correlating attrition with additional behavioral and HRQoL factors in a constantly evolving environment. While age, ethnicity, and survey difficulty consistently predicted attrition, other factors, such as COVID-19 experience, changes of employment, productivity, physical health, mental health, and financial situation impacted panel attrition during the pandemic at various degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhou Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jiafan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ning Yan Gu
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joel W Hay
- Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia L Gong
- Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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21
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Osório FL, Zuardi AW, Silveira ILM, Crippa JAS, Hallak JEC, Pereira-Lima K, Loureiro SR. Monitoring the Mental Health and Professional Overload of Health Workers in Brazil: A Longitudinal Study Considering the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:852157. [PMID: 35463516 PMCID: PMC9024166 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.852157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Few longitudinal studies assessed the less immediate consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on health workers' mental health, especially in less developed countries. The objective was to assess the evolution of mental health indicators of Brazilian health workers providing care to COVID-19 patients, considering the beginning and first wave of the pandemic, identifying risk and protective factors. A non-probabilistic sample of health professionals was assessed for 6 months at seven different points in time using standardized instruments to measure anxiety, depression, insomnia, posttraumatic stress, and burnout symptoms. Risk and protective factors were assessed using a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic, clinical, occupational variables, and COVID-19 risk perception. The results indicate high rates for all the indicators (>30%) throughout the follow-up; only anxiety symptoms decreased in the different phases compared to the baseline. Depression and insomnia symptoms showed a significant drop in isolated points of the assessment, which were not maintained at the final follow-up. Burnout indicators concerning emotional exhaustion and depersonalization remained stable (40 and 20%), while professional achievement decreased by approximately 19%. Occupational and personal characteristics (profession and work setting), perceptions regarding protective measures imposed by the institutions, and future professional prospects stood out as risk/protective factors in mental health. Unlike European and Asian countries, where mental distress symptoms tended to decrease over the pandemic, this study's results suggest alarming indicators of mental health problems remaining stable with burnout symptoms on the rise. Hence, the different contexts across countries, with different management resources and investments in health actions, seem to influence workers' mental health differently, demanding constant attention and monitoring and measures to minimize the impacts on individuals and collectives, especially in less developed countries like Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia L. Osório
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Karina Pereira-Lima
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia R. Loureiro
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Jia R, Ayling K, Chalder T, Massey A, Gasteiger N, Broadbent E, Coupland C, Vedhara K. The prevalence, incidence, prognosis and risk factors for symptoms of depression and anxiety in a UK cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e64. [PMID: 35256024 PMCID: PMC8914134 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound consequences for population mental health. However, it is less clear for whom these effects are sustained. AIMS To investigate the prevalence, incidence, prognosis and risk factors for symptoms of depression and anxiety in a UK cohort over three distinct periods in the pandemic in 2020. METHOD An online survey was completed by a UK community cohort at three points (n = 3097 at baseline, n = 878 completed all surveys): April (baseline), July to September (time point 2) and November to December (time point 3). Participants completed validated measures of depression and anxiety on each occasion, and we prospectively explored the role of sociodemographic and psychological factors (loneliness, positive mood and perceived risk of and worry about COVID-19) as risk factors. RESULTS Depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 means: baseline, 7.69; time point 2, 5.53; time point 3, 6.06) and anxiety scores (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 means: baseline, 6.59; time point 2, 4.60; time point 3, 4.98) were considerably greater than pre-pandemic population norms at all time points. Women reported greater depression and anxiety symptoms than men. Younger age, history of mental health disorder, more COVID-19-related negative life events, greater loneliness and lower positive mood at baseline were all significant predictors of poorer mental health at time point 3. CONCLUSIONS The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has persisted to some degree. Younger people and individuals with prior mental health disorders are at greatest risk. Easing of restrictions and resumption of social interaction could mitigate the risk factors of loneliness and positive mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Jia
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Kieran Ayling
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Adam Massey
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Norina Gasteiger
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Carol Coupland
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Kavita Vedhara
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
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23
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Pilz LK, Couto Pereira NS, Francisco AP, Carissimi A, Constantino DB, Caus LB, Abreu ACO, Amando GR, Bonatto FS, Carvalho PVV, Cipolla-Neto J, Harb A, Lazzarotto G, Marafiga JR, Minuzzi L, Montagner F, Nishino FA, Oliveira MAB, Dos Santos BGT, Steibel EG, Tavares PS, Tonon AC, Xavier NB, Zanona QK, Amaral FG, Calcagnotto ME, Frey BN, Hidalgo MP, Idiart M, Russomano T. Effective recommendations towards healthy routines to preserve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2022; 44:136-146. [PMID: 35262615 PMCID: PMC9041970 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the adherence to a set of evidence-based recommendations to support mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods: A team of health workers and researchers prepared the recommendations, formatted into three volumes (1: COVID-19 prevention; 2: Healthy habits; 3: Biological clock and sleep). Participants were randomized to receive only Volume 1 (control), Volumes 1 and 2, Volumes 1 and 3, or all volumes. We used a convenience sample of Portuguese-speaking participants over age 18 years. An online survey consisting of sociodemographic and behavioral questionnaires and mental health instruments (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]) was administered. At 14 and 28 days later, participants were invited to complete follow-up surveys, which also included questions regarding adherence to the recommendations. A total of 409 participants completed the study – mostly young adult women holding university degrees. Results: The set of recommendations contained in Volumes 2 and 3 was effective in protecting mental health, as suggested by significant associations of adherence with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (reflecting anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively). Conclusion: The recommendations developed in this study could be useful to prevent negative mental health effects in the context of the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa K Pilz
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natividade S Couto Pereira
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Francisco
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alicia Carissimi
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora B Constantino
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia B Caus
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina O Abreu
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Amando
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Bonatto
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula V V Carvalho
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Pineal, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia e Neurociências, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Harb
- Universidade Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lazzarotto
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joseane Righes Marafiga
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Francisco Montagner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Nishino
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Pineal, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia e Neurociências, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa A B Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno G T Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo G Steibel
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrice S Tavares
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André C Tonon
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nicóli B Xavier
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Querusche Klippel Zanona
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Amaral
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Pineal, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Paz Hidalgo
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco Idiart
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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24
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Ettman CK, Cohen GH, Abdalla SM, Trinquart L, Castrucci BC, Bork RH, Clark MA, Wilson IB, Vivier PM, Galea S. Assets, stressors, and symptoms of persistent depression over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm9737. [PMID: 35235345 PMCID: PMC8890702 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been accompanied by an increase in depression in U.S. adults. Previous literature suggests that having assets may protect against depression. Using a nationally representative longitudinal panel survey of U.S. adults studied in March and April 2020 and in March and April 2021, we found that (i) 20.3% of U.S. adults reported symptoms of persistent depression in Spring 2020 and Spring 2021, (ii) having more assets was associated with lower symptoms of persistent depression, with financial assets-household income and savings-most strongly associated, and (iii) while having assets appeared to protect persons-in particular those without stressors-from symptoms of persistent depression over the COVID-19 pandemic, having assets did not appear to reduce the effects of job loss, financial difficulties, or relationship stress on symptoms of persistent depression. Efforts to reduce population depression should consider the role played by assets in shaping risk of symptoms of persistent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine K. Ettman
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | - Ludovic Trinquart
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ira B. Wilson
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Patrick M. Vivier
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Hassenfeld Child Health Innovation Institute, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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McBride O, Butter S, Murphy J, Shevlin M, Hartman TK, Bennett KM, Stocks TVA, Lloyd A, McKay R, Gibson-Miller J, Levita L, Mason L, Martinez AP, Hyland P, Vallières F, Karatzias T, Valiente C, Vazquez C, Bentall RP. Design, content, and fieldwork procedures of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study - Wave 4. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2022; 31:e1899. [PMID: 34739156 PMCID: PMC8646695 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper outlines fieldwork procedures for Wave 4 of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study in the UK during November-December 2020. METHODS Respondents provided data on socio-political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours, and mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress). In Phase 1, adults (N = 2878) were reinvited to participate. At Phase 2, new recruitment: (i) replenished the longitudinal strand to account for attrition; and (ii) oversampled from the devolved UK nations to facilitate robust between-country analyses for core study outcomes. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure the longitudinal panel was representative of the baseline sample characteristics. RESULTS In Phase 1, 1796 adults were successfully recontacted and provided full interviews at Wave 4 (62.4% retention rate). In Phase 2, 292 new respondents were recruited to replenish the panel, as well as 1779 adults from Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, who were representative of the socio-political composition of the adult populations in these nations. The raking procedure successfully re-balanced the longitudinal panel to within 1% of population estimates for selected socio-demographic characteristics. CONCLUSION The C19PRC Study offers a unique opportunity to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research addressing important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla McBride
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | | | - Jamie Murphy
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - Mark Shevlin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Alex Lloyd
- Royal Holloway, University of London, London, England
| | - Ryan McKay
- Royal Holloway, University of London, London, England
| | | | | | - Liam Mason
- University College London, London, England
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26
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Aydin E, Torlak N, Haberman B, Lim FY, Peiro JL. The Survivorship Bias in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020218. [PMID: 35204938 PMCID: PMC8869836 DOI: 10.3390/children9020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current literature for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) focuses on the comparison of the overall mortality in CDH patients. Only a few studies concentrate on analyzing the unstable patients who could not achieve surgical repair, as well as those who could but did not survive after. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the effects of various parameters on the timing of death. A retrospective analysis was performed by using the data of all CDH patients from 2003 to 2016 at a single tertiary center. Patients who were diagnosed with left-sided CDH and expired were included in the study regardless of the cause. Of the 66 expired patients, 5 were excluded due to right-sided CDH. The study population constituted a total of 61 patients, of which 31 patients expired prior to CDH repair, and 30 patients expired at different times after CDH repair. Multinomial regression analysis identified that the ECMO need (B = 20.257, p = 0.000, OR: 62.756, 95% CI 10.600–371.384) and O/E LHR (B = 20.376, p = 0.000, OR: 70.663, 95% CI 48.716–102.415) values were the independent predictors that influenced mortality in this cohort. Prenatal pulmonary measurements are the major predictors determining the severity of the disease in patients with CDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Aydin
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (F.-Y.L.); (J.L.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University School of Medicine, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Nilhan Torlak
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Beth Haberman
- Division of Neonatology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Foong-Yen Lim
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (F.-Y.L.); (J.L.P.)
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jose L. Peiro
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (F.-Y.L.); (J.L.P.)
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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27
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McGinty EE, Presskreischer R, Han H, Barry CL. Trends in Psychological Distress Among US Adults During Different Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2144776. [PMID: 35072723 PMCID: PMC8787591 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This survey study assesses trends in psychological distress among US adults surveyed during 4 different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. McGinty
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rachel Presskreischer
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Hahrie Han
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Political Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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28
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Parkes S, Mantell B, Oloyede E, Blackman G. Patients' Experiences of Clozapine for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN OPEN 2022; 3:sgac042. [PMID: 39144802 PMCID: PMC11205966 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), however, it remains widely under-utilized in clinical practice. To date, relatively little attention has been given to patients' experience of clozapine. By synthesizing the existing literature, we sought to determine the experiences of patients with TRS treated with clozapine. Methods A systematic review was conducted on Embase, Medline, PsychInfo, and PubMed databases for studies from 1956 to 2021. English language studies and those based on adult patients prescribed clozapine for TRS were included. Results Thirteen studies were included with a total of 1487 patients and a narrative synthesis was performed. Overall, most patients reported positive experiences of clozapine, with generally high levels of satisfaction, alongside symptom improvement and preference over previous medications. Negative experiences of clozapine were less common, but when mentioned, focused on blood tests and common side effects, including hypersalivation and weight gain. Conclusions This is the first systematic review exploring patients' subjective experiences of clozapine for TRS. Findings suggest that patients generally have a favorable experience when being treated with clozapine. However, conclusions are limited by the risk of bias, particularly survivorship bias. High-quality longitudinal studies exploring patients' experiences of clozapine are indicated for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Parkes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Bethany Mantell
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ebenezer Oloyede
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Graham Blackman
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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29
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Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation among unpaid caregivers of adults in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: Relationships to age, race/ethnicity, employment, and caregiver intensity. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:1259-1268. [PMID: 34706440 PMCID: PMC8413485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unpaid caregivers of adults play critical roles in health care systems by providing care to older adults and those with chronic conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened caregiving needs, forcing some into caregiving roles and disrupting others. We sought to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with adverse mental health symptoms, substance use, and suicidal ideation amongst unpaid caregivers of adults versus non-caregivers. METHODS During June 24-30, 2020, surveys were administered to U.S. adults. Quota sampling and survey weighting were implemented to improve sample representativeness of age, gender, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Of 9,896 eligible invited adults, 5,412 (54.7%) completed surveys and 5,011 (92.6%) met screening criteria and were analyzed, including 1,362 (27.2%) caregivers. Caregivers had higher adverse mental health symptom prevalences than non-caregivers, including suicidal ideation (33.4% vs 3.7%, p < 0.0001). Symptoms were more common among caregivers who were young vs older adults (e.g., aged 18-24 vs ≥65 years, aPR 2.75, 95% CI 1.95-3.88, p < 0.0001) and with moderate and high vs low Caregiver Intensity Index scores (2.31, 1.65-3.23; 2.81, 2.00-3.94; both p < 0.0001). LIMITATIONS Self-report data may be subject to recall, response, and social desirability biases; unpaid caregivers were self-identified; child caregiving roles were not assessed; and internet-based survey samples might not fully represent the U.S. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers experienced disproportionately high levels of adverse mental health symptoms. Younger caregivers and those with higher caregiving intensity were disproportionately affected. Increased visibility of and access to mental health care resources are urgently needed to address mental health challenges of caregiving.
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30
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Czeisler MÉ, Wiley JF, Facer-Childs ER, Robbins R, Weaver MD, Barger LK, Czeisler CA, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW. Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during a prolonged COVID-19-related lockdown in a region with low SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 140:533-544. [PMID: 34174556 PMCID: PMC8177437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with mental health consequences due to direct (i.e., SARS-CoV-2 infection, potentially due to neuronal or astrocytic infection, microvascular, or inflammatory mechanisms) and indirect (i.e., social and economic impacts of COVID-19 prevention measures) effects. Investigation of mental health in a region with one of the longest lockdowns and lowest COVID-19 prevalence globally (Victoria, Australia) allowed for evaluation of mental health in the absence of substantial direct pandemic mental health consequences. Surveys were administered during 15-24 September 2020 to Victorian residents aged ≥18 years for The COVID-19 Outbreak Public Evaluation (COPE) Initiative. Responses were compared cross-sectionally with April-2020 data, and longitudinally among respondents who completed both surveys. Multivariable Poisson regressions were used to estimate prevalence ratios for adverse mental health symptoms, substance use, and suicidal ideation adjusted for demographics, sleep, and behaviours (e.g., screen-time, outdoor-time). In September-2020, among 1157 Victorians, one-third reported anxiety or depressive disorder symptoms, one-fifth reported suicidal ideation, and one-tenth reported having seriously considered suicide in the prior 30 days. Young adults, unpaid caregivers, people with disabilities, and people with diagnosed psychiatric or sleep conditions showed increased prevalence of adverse mental health symptoms. Prevalence estimates of symptoms of burnout, anxiety, and depressive disorder were unchanged between April-2020 and September-2020. Persistently common experiences of adverse mental health symptoms despite low SARS-CoV-2 prevalence during prolonged lockdown highlight the urgent need for mental health support services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark É Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Joshua F Wiley
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elise R Facer-Childs
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Robbins
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew D Weaver
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Laura K Barger
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark E Howard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shantha M W Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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31
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Vaillancourt T, Szatmari P, Georgiades K, Krygsman A. The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of Canadian children and youth. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and youth flourish in environments that are predictable, safe, and structured. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted these protective factors making it difficult for children and youth to adapt and thrive. Pandemic-related school closures, family stress, and trauma have led to increases in mental health problems in some children and youth, an area of health that was already in crisis well before COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic. Because mental health problems early in life are associated with significant impairment across family, social, and academic domains, immediate measures are needed to mitigate the potential for long-term sequalae. Now more than ever, Canada needs a national mental health strategy that is delivered in the context in which children and youth are most easily accessible—schools. This strategy should provide coordinated care across sectors in a stepped care framework and across a full continuum of mental health supports spanning promotion, prevention, early intervention, and treatment. In parallel, we must invest in a comprehensive population-based follow-up of Statistics Canada’s Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth so that accurate information about how the pandemic is affecting all Canadian children and youth can be obtained. It is time the Canadian government prioritizes the mental health of children and youth in its management of the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Vaillancourt
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Royal Society of Canada, Working Group on Children and Schools
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Royal Society of Canada, Working Group on Children and Schools
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
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