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Raguindin RKM, Mercado CC. Localized surface plasmon resonance shift of biosynthesized and functionalized quasi-spherical gold nanoparticle systems. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24211-24227. [PMID: 37583667 PMCID: PMC10424193 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and more environment-friendly means of gold nanoparticle synthesis is necessary in many applications, as in ion detection. Leaf extracts have become effective and economical reducing agents for gold nanoparticle formation, however, effects of extract combinations have not been thoroughly investigated. With the exploitation of combined extract effects, gold nanoparticles were synthesized then functionalized and investigated to produce selected nanoparticle systems which are capable of detecting aqueous lead(ii) ions with minimum detection limits of 10-11 ppm. The measured localized surface plasmon resonance absorption peaks of the gold nanoparticles were 541-800 nm for the synthesis and 549 nm for the functionalization. The diameters of different gold nanoparticle systems were 17-37 nm. These were mostly quasi-spherical in morphology with some rod-, triangular-, and hexagonal plate-like particles. The biosynthesis used polyphenols and acids present in the extracts in the reduction of gold ions into gold nanoparticles, and in the nanoparticle capping and stabilization. Functionalization replaced the capping compounds with alliin, S-allylcysteine, allicin, and ajoene. Gold nanoparticle stability in aqueous systems was verified for two weeks up to five months. The investigations concluded the practicability of the gold nanoparticles in lead(ii) ion detection with selectivity initially verified for other divalent cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Kristan M Raguindin
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines
| | - Candy C Mercado
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines
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2
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Rafaqat S, Ali N, Torres C, Rittmann B. Recent progress in treatment of dyes wastewater using microbial-electro-Fenton technology. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17104-17137. [PMID: 35755587 PMCID: PMC9178700 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01831d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, textile dyeing and manufacturing are one of the largest industrial units releasing huge amount of wastewater (WW) with refractory compounds such as dyes and pigments. Currently, wastewater treatment has been viewed as an industrial opportunity for rejuvenating fresh water resources and it is highly required in water stressed countries. This comprehensive review highlights an overall concept and in-depth knowledge on integrated, cost-effective cross-disciplinary solutions for domestic and industrial (textile dyes) WW and for harnessing renewable energy. This basic concept entails parallel or sequential modes of treating two chemically different WW i.e., domestic and industrial in the same system. In this case, contemporary advancement in MFC/MEC (METs) based systems towards Microbial-Electro-Fenton Technology (MEFT) revealed a substantial emerging scope and opportunity. Principally the said technology is based upon previously established anaerobic digestion and electro-chemical (photo/UV/Fenton) processes in the disciplines of microbial biotechnology and electro-chemistry. It holds an added advantage to all previously establish technologies in terms of treatment and energy efficiency, minimal toxicity and sludge waste, and environmental sustainable. This review typically described different dyes and their ultimate fate in environment and recently developed hierarchy of MEFS. It revealed detail mechanisms and degradation rate of dyes typically in cathodic Fenton system under batch and continuous modes of different MEF reactors. Moreover, it described cost-effectiveness of the said technology in terms of energy budget (production and consumption), and the limitations related to reactor fabrication cost and design for future upgradation to large scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Rafaqat
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Cesar Torres
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University USA
| | - Bruce Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University USA
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3
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Majoral JP, Zablocka M, Ciepluch K, Milowska K, Bryszewska M, Shcharbin D, Katir N, El Kadib A, Caminade AM, Mignani S. Hybrid phosphorus–viologen dendrimers as new soft nanoparticles: design and properties. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Design of new families of dendritic soft nanoparticles constituted of phosphorus, viologen and carbosilane fragments and their properties as nanomaterials and applications in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- CNRS
- UPR 8241
- 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4
- France
| | - Maria Zablocka
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies
- Polish Academy of Science
- 90001 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Karol Ciepluch
- Division of Medical Biology
- Jan Kochanowski University
- Kielce
- Poland
| | - Katarzyna Milowska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- Lodz
- Poland
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- Lodz
- Poland
| | | | - Nadia Katir
- Euromed Research Center
- Engineering Division
- Euro-Med University of Fes (UEMF)
- Fès
- Morocco
| | - Abdelkrim El Kadib
- Euromed Research Center
- Engineering Division
- Euro-Med University of Fes (UEMF)
- Fès
- Morocco
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- CNRS
- UPR 8241
- 31077 Toulouse CEDEX 4
- France
| | - Serge Mignani
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologique
- Université Paris Descartes
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité
- CNRS UMR 860
- 75006 Paris
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4
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Yang J, Carey P, Ren F, Lobo BC, Gebhard M, Leon ME, Lin J, Pearton S. Nanosensor networks for health-care applications. NANOSENSORS FOR SMART CITIES 2020. [PMCID: PMC7158339 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819870-4.00023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized transistors provide effective sensors for a variety of viruses (Zika, severe acute respiratory syndrome), toxins (botulinum), cancers (breast and prostate), and disease or injury biomarkers (troponin, cerebrospinal fluid). A hallmark of this approach is high specificity, rapid response (<5 minutes), and ability to be integrated with wireless data transmission capabilities. The ultimate goal is hand-held point-of-care detection that can streamline patient diagnosis.
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Liu P, Bai FQ, Lin DW, Peng HP, Hu Y, Zheng YJ, Chen W, Liu AL, Lin XH. One-pot green synthesis of mussel-inspired myoglobin–gold nanoparticles–polydopamine–graphene polymeric bionanocomposite for biosensor application. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Progress in the biosensing techniques for trace-level heavy metals. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:47-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Qiao Y, Tahara K, Zhang Q, Song XM, Kikuchi JI. Cerasomes: Soft Interface for Redox Enzyme Electrochemical Signal Transmission. Chemistry 2015; 22:1340-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qiao
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
- Beijing Academy of Printing & Packaging Industrial Technology; Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication; Beijing 102600 PR China
| | - Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 P.R. China
| | - Xi-Ming Song
- College of Chemistry; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 P.R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis; and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials; Liaoning University; Shenyang 110036 P.R. China
| | - Jun-ichi Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
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Mohsin M, Diwan H, Khan I, Ahmad A. Genetically encoded FRET-based nanosensor for in vivo monitoring of zinc concentration in physiological environment of living cell. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Budnikov SR. INVESTIGATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF REACTIVATION OF UREASE BIOSENSOR FOR HEAVY METALS INHIBITION ANALYSIS. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2015. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech8.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Kim M, Lim JW, Kim HJ, Lee SK, Lee SJ, Kim T. Chemostat-like microfluidic platform for highly sensitive detection of heavy metal ions using microbial biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 65:257-64. [PMID: 25461167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reporter-gene-based microbial biosensors have high potential for detecting small molecules, including heavy metal ions (HMIs), in a sensitive and selective manner by involving low costs. However, the sensitivity and dynamic range of the sensing mechanism are largely limited by the conventional culture environment that relies on the batch-type addition of the small molecules in nutrients and the subsequent genetic induction of sensing microbes. Here, we describe a high-throughput, chemostat-like microfluidic platform that can continuously supply both nutrients and inducers (HMIs) using microfabricated ratchet structures and a mixing microchannel network. We found that the microfluidic platform not only allowed microbial biosensors to be highly concentrated in a detection microchamber array but also enabled them to continuously grow and control synthetic genetic circuits in response to heavy metals. We also demonstrated that the combination of the platform and microbial biosensors enhanced the sensitivity for detecting divalent lead and cadmium ions by approximately three orders of magnitude relative to conventional batch-type methods. Because the platform is portable and only requires small sample volumes and fluorescent detection, the chemostat-like microfluidic platform in conjunction with microbial biosensors could be widely utilized to facilitate the specific and sensitive detection of molecular analytes on a chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kim
- Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Infection and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Infection and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taesung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Katir N, El Kadib A, Collière V, Majoral JP, Bousmina M. Viologen-based dendritic macromolecular asterisks: synthesis and interplay with gold nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6981-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02392g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Chang CH, Liu CY. Preconcentration and Determination of Copper(II) at a Chemically Modified Electrode Containing Salicylaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199700035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Fei W, Zhang Y, Sun X, Zhang Y, Cao H, Shen H, Jia N. Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of myoglobin immobilized on DNA-gold nanoparticle clusters composite film. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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15
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Zhou Y, Tian XL, Li YS, Pan FG, Zhang YY, Zhang JH, Yang L, Wang XR, Ren HL, Lu SY, Li ZH, Chen QJ, Liu ZS, Liu JQ. An enhanced ELISA based on modified colloidal gold nanoparticles for the detection of Pb(II). Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:3700-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Paulo TDF, Diógenes ICN, Abruña HD. Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of myoglobin immobilized on L-cysteine self-assembled gold electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:2052-2057. [PMID: 21244069 DOI: 10.1021/la103505x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin (Mb) has been successfully immobilized on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of L-cysteine (Cys) on a gold electrode, Au/Cys. The presence of a pair of well-defined and nearly reversible waves centered at ca. 0.086 V vs Ag/AgCl (pH 6.5) suggests that the native character of Mb heme Fe(III/II) redox couple has been obtained. The formal potential of Mb on Cys SAM exhibited pH-dependent variation in the pH range of 5-9 with a slope of 55 mV/pH, indicating that the electron transfer is accompanied by a single proton exchange. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of Mb adsorption processes on Au/Cys were studied by using voltammetric and quartz-crystal microbalance methods. The Au/Cys electrode with immobilized Mb exhibited electrocatalytic activity toward ascorbic acid (AA) oxidation with an overpotential decrease of over 400 mV and a linear dependence of current on the AA concentration from 0.5 to 5.0 mmol L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tércio de F Paulo
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Cx. Postal 6021, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 60455-970
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17
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Li NB, Duan JP, Chen GN. Electrochemical polymerization of azure blue II and its electrocatalytic activity toward NADH oxidation. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030210917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Yoon JH, Lee KS, Yang J, Won MS, Shim YB. Electron transfer kinetics and morphology of cytochrome c at the biomimetic phospholipid layers. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2010.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Zaouak O, Authier L, Cugnet C, Normandin E, Champier D, Rivaletto M, Potin-Gautier M. Electroanalytical Device for Cadmium Speciation in Waters. Part 2: Automated System Development and Cadmium Semicontinuous Monitoring. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Gu BX, Xu CX, Zhu GP, Liu SQ, Chen LY, Wang ML, Zhu JJ. Layer by Layer Immobilized Horseradish Peroxidase on Zinc Oxide Nanorods for Biosensing. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:6553-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900048m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J. J. Zhu
- Laboratory of Life Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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21
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Detection of cadmium by a fiber-optic biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1213-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Bagal-Kestwal D, Karve MS, Kakade B, Pillai VK. Invertase inhibition based electrochemical sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous system: Application of ultra-microelectrode to enhance sucrose biosensor's sensitivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:657-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Allen M, Sabio EM, Qi X, Nwengela B, Islam MS, Osterloh FE. Metallic LiMo3Se3 nanowire film sensors for electrical detection of metal ions in water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:7031-7. [PMID: 18507421 DOI: 10.1021/la8004085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
LiMo 3Se 3 nanowire film sensors were fabricated by drop-coating a 0.05% (mass) aqueous nanowire solution onto microfabricated indium tin oxide electrode pairs. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the films are made of a dense network of 3-7 nm thick nanowire bundles. Immersion of the films in 1.0 M aqueous solutions of group 1 or 2 element halides or of Zn(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), or Co(II) chlorides results in an increase of the electrical resistance of the films. The resistance change is always positive and reaches up to 9% of the base resistance of the films. It occurs over the course of 30-240 s, and it is reversible for monovalent ions and partially reversible for divalent ions. The signal depends on the concentration of the electrolyte and on the size and charge of the metal cation. Anions do not play a significant role, presumably, because they are repelled by the negatively charged nanowire strands. The magnitude of the electrical response and its sign suggest that it is due to analyte-induced scattering of conduction electrons in the nanowires. An ion-induced field effect can be excluded based on gated conductance measurements of the nanowire films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Allen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Lisdat F, Schäfer D. The use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for biosensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:1555-67. [PMID: 18414837 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review introduces the basic concepts and terms associated with impedance and techniques of measuring impedance. The focus of this review is on the application of this transduction method for sensing purposes. Examples of its use in combination with enzymes, antibodies, DNA and with cells will be described. Important fields of application include immune and nucleic acid analysis. Special attention is devoted to the various electrode design and amplification schemes developed for sensitivity enhancement. Electrolyte insulator semiconductor (EIS) structures will be treated separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lisdat
- Biosystems Technology, Wildau University of Applied Sciences, 15745, Wildau, Germany.
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25
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Lou L, Jiang L, Sun W, Shen Z. A novel optically active diblock copolymer composed of poly(ethylene glycol) and poly[N-{o-(4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl}maleimide]: Synthesis, micellization behavior, and chiroptical property. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Lin TJ, Chung MF. Using Monoclonal Antibody to Determine Lead Ions with a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Fiber-optic Biosensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2008; 8:582-593. [PMID: 27879723 PMCID: PMC3681130 DOI: 10.3390/s8010582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel reflection-based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) fiber-optic probe has been developed to determine the heavy metal lead ion concentration. Monoclonal antibody as the detecting probe containing massive amino groups to capture Pb(II)-chelate complexes was immobilized onto gold nanoparticle-modified optical fiber (NMAuOF). The optimal immobilizing conditions of monoclonal antibody on to the NMAuOF are 189 μg/mL in pH7.4 PBS for 2 h at 25°C. The absorbability of the functionalized NMAuOF sensor increases to 12.2 % upon changing the Pb(II)-EDTA level from 10 to 100 ppb with a detection limit of 0.27 ppb. The sensor retains 92.7 % of its original activity and gives reproducible results after storage in 5% D-( )-Trehalose dehydrate solution at 4°C for 35 days. In conclusion, the monoclonal antibody-functionalized NMAuOF sensor shows a promising result for determining the concentration of Pb(II) with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsao-Jen Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan.
| | - Mon-Fu Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan
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Pänke O, Balkenhohl T, Kafka J, Schäfer D, Lisdat F. Impedance spectroscopy and biosensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 109:195-237. [PMID: 17992488 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This chapter introduces the basic terms of impedance and the technique of impedance measurements. Furthermore, an overview of the application of this transduction method for analytical purposes will be given. Examples for combination with enzymes, antibodies, DNA but also for the analysis of living cells will be described. Special attention is devoted to the different electrode design and amplification schemes developed for sensitivity enhancement. Finally, the last two sections will show examples from the label-free determination of DNA and the sensorial detection of autoantibodies involved in celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pänke
- Biosystems Technology, Wildau University of Applied Sciences, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
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28
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Hong J, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Ghourchian H, Rad AM, Rezaei-Zarchi S. Direct electron transfer of horseradish peroxidase on Nafion-cysteine modified gold electrode. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Selective Detection of Hg(II) Ions from Cu(II) and Pb(II) Using AlGaN∕GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1149/1.2778997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Hong J, Ghourchian H, Moosavi–Movahedi AA. Direct electron transfer of redox proteins on a Nafion-cysteine modified gold electrode. Electrochem commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Schachl K, Alemu H, Kalcher K, Jezkova J, Svancara I, Vytras K. Flow Injection Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with a Manganese Dioxide Film. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719708001812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Xie X, Stueben D, Berner Z. The Application of Microelectrodes for the Measurements of Trace Metals in Water. ANAL LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710500316050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Shahrokhian S, Jannat-Rezvani MJ. Voltammetric Studies of Propylthiouracil at a Carbon-Paste Electrode Modified with Cobalt(II)-4-chlorosalophen: Application to Voltammetric Determination in Pharmaceutical and Clinical Preparations. Mikrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-005-0382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Yeh JI, Zimmt MB, Zimmerman AL. Nanowiring of a redox enzyme by metallized peptides. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 21:973-8. [PMID: 16257666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Revised: 02/15/2005] [Accepted: 02/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A molecular assembly consisting of a redox enzyme, NADH peroxidase, a metallized double-helical peptide, and a gold nanoparticle immobilized onto a gold wire derivatized with a benzenedithiol compound, initiated and conducted redox signals in the presence of H(2)O(2) and NADH. The current generated by the binding of NADH, the electron donor, was transduced through the molecular assembly with apparently little loss of signal to the solution. The currents measured correlate to an electron transfer rate constant on the order of 3,000 s(-1) within each assembly. This electron transfer rate is two orders of magnitude higher than the endogenous electron transfer rate from NADH to the native enzyme, 27 s(-1). This rate indicates that the metallized peptide is in a conformation conducive for electron transfer and, in conjunction with the redox enzyme, can form effective conduits of electrical signals. This work demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing designed and highly efficient biomolecular assemblies for the production of ultra-sensitive, in-situ biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne I Yeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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35
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Park SY, Kawakami Y. Optically Active Poly[{methyl(1-naphthyl)silylene}(o-phenylene)methylene]-Poly(ethylene glycol) Block Copolymer Micelles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200400469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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Swaddle TW. Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Self-Exchange Electron Transfer Reactions of Metal Complexes: Insights from Pressure Effects. Chem Rev 2005; 105:2573-608. [PMID: 15941222 DOI: 10.1021/cr030727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Swaddle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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37
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Fang B, Wang G, Yang X, Zha Q, Zhang W, Kan X. Electrochemistry of Hemoglobin on a Gold Colloid‐1,4‐Benzenedimethanethiol Modified Electrode and Electrocatalyte Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide. ANAL LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/al-200035782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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38
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Yin F. A Novel Capacitive Sensor Based on Human Serum Albumin–Chelant Complex as Heavy Metal Ions Chelating Proteins. ANAL LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120035897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Li J, Wang H, Deng T, Wu Z, Shen G, Yu R. A plasma-polymerized film for capacitance immunosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 20:841-7. [PMID: 15522600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Revised: 03/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A capacitance immunosensor based on a plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine film (PPEF) has been developed. The resulting PPEF is studied with scanning electrode micrograph (SEM), IR reflection spectrum and cyclic voltammetry. SEM and IR reflection spectrum showed that the plasma-polymerized film (PPF) formed on the gold electrode surface is quite homogeneous, flat, nonporous and contains plenty of free-reacted -NH2. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry showed that the hexacyanoferrate redox reactions were blocked well by the formed PPF, that is to say, the formed PPF has excellent insulating characteristics. To investigate its applicability for capacitive immunosensing, goat-anti-human IgG antibody (IgGAb) was coupled to the PPF-coated gold electrode surface via glutaraldehyde (GA) to form an immunoglobulin G (IgG) probe. Alternating current (ac) impedance and capacitance measurement were used in the immunoassay. The experiment results show that the PPEF is applicable to form insulating layer of capacitive immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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40
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Wu CM, Lin LY. Immobilization of metallothionein as a sensitive biosensor chip for the detection of metal ions by surface plasmon resonance. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 20:864-71. [PMID: 15522603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2004] [Revised: 03/24/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor based on mammalian metallothionein (MT) for the detection of metal ions was developed and characterized. MT was immobilized onto a carboxymethylated dextran matrix as a biosensor for the detection of metal ions by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The optimal pH for the immobilization step was determined to be 4. The temperature for the analysis was also defined, and the highest interaction was observed at 30 degrees C. The MT sensor chip binds cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) or nickel (Ni), but not magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and calcium (Ca). Calibration curves for the quantification of metal ions showed excellent linearity. The sensitivity for metal detection is at the micromolar level. The interaction between the metal ions and the sensor chip is influenced significantly by the presence of NaCl, Tween 20 and the pH of the reaction buffer. By decreasing the NaCl in the reaction buffer to 1 mM, the MT chip effectively differentiates cadmium from zinc and nickel. Kinetic parameters of the metal-MT interactions were also determined by using this chip. The binding affinity between the metal ions and the immobilized MT follows the order of cadmium > zinc > nickel, which is the same as that determined for MT in solution. Thus, the MT chip can be an effective biosensor for the detection and measurement of several metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Mei Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
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41
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42
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Redox thermodynamics of cytochrome c adsorbed on mercaptoundecanol monolayer electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Amini MK, Khorasani JH, Khaloo SS, Tangestaninejad S. Cobalt(II) salophen-modified carbon-paste electrode for potentiometric and voltammetric determination of cysteine. Anal Biochem 2003; 320:32-8. [PMID: 12895467 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2697(03)00355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A chemically modified electrode constructed by incorporating N,N(')-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediaminocobalt(II) into carbon-paste matrix was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for detection of cysteine. The resulting electrode exhibits catalytic properties for the electrooxidation of cysteine and lowers the overpotential for the oxidation of this compound. The faster rate of electron transfer results in a near-Nernstian behavior of the modified electrode and makes it a suitable potentiometric and voltammetric sensor for the fast and easy determination of cysteine. A linear response in concentration range from approximately 2 microM to 0.01 M was obtained with a detection limit of 1 microM for the potentiometric detection of cysteine. The modified electrode was also used for the amperometric and differential pulse voltammetric determination of cysteine and the results were compared with those of the potentiometric method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Amini
- Chemistry Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
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44
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Jeuken LJC. Conformational reorganisation in interfacial protein electron transfer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1604:67-76. [PMID: 12765764 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(03)00026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein electron transfer (ET) plays an essential role in all redox chains. Earlier studies which used cross-linking and increased solution viscosity indicated that the rate of many ET reactions is limited (i.e., gated) by conformational reorientations at the surface interface. These results are later supported by structural studies using NMR and molecular modelling. New insights into conformational gating have also come from electrochemical experiments in which proteins are noncovalently adsorbed on the electrode surface. These systems have the advantage that it is relatively easy to vary systematically the driving force and electronic coupling. In this review we summarize the current knowledge obtained from these electrochemical experiments and compare it with some of the results obtained for protein-protein ET.
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45
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Bontidean I, Ahlqvist J, Mulchandani A, Chen W, Bae W, Mehra RK, Mortari A, Csöregi E. Novel synthetic phytochelatin-based capacitive biosensor for heavy metal ion detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:547-53. [PMID: 12706561 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel capacitance biosensor based on synthetic phytochelatins for sensitive detection of heavy metals is described. Synthetic phytochelatin (Glu-Cys)(20)Gly (EC20) fused to the maltose binding domain protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified for construction of the biosensor. The new biosensor was able to detect Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) ions in concentration range of 100 fM-10 mM, and the order of sensitivity was S(Zn)>S(Cu)>S(Hg)>>S(Cd) congruent with S(Pb). The biological sensing element of the sensor could be regenerated using EDTA and the storage stability of the biosensor was 15 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Bontidean
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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46
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Determination of Heavy Metal Inos Using Conductometric Biosensor Based on Sol-Gel Immobilized Urease. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2002. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2002.23.8.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Miranda-Hernández M, González I, Batina N. Silver Electrocrystallization onto Carbon Electrodes with Different Surface Morphology: Active Sites vs Surface Features. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002057d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Miranda-Hernández
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Dpto Química, Área de Electroquímica, A.P. 55-534, 09340 México. D.F. (México), and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Coordinación de Simulación Molecular, Área de Materiales y Corrosión, Eje Central Lázaro Cardenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, México, D.F. (México)
| | - I. González
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Dpto Química, Área de Electroquímica, A.P. 55-534, 09340 México. D.F. (México), and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Coordinación de Simulación Molecular, Área de Materiales y Corrosión, Eje Central Lázaro Cardenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, México, D.F. (México)
| | - N. Batina
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Dpto Química, Área de Electroquímica, A.P. 55-534, 09340 México. D.F. (México), and Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Coordinación de Simulación Molecular, Área de Materiales y Corrosión, Eje Central Lázaro Cardenas No. 152, C.P. 07730, México, D.F. (México)
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48
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Larsson T, Lindgren A, Ruzgas T. Spectroelectrochemical study of cellobiose dehydrogenase and diaphorase in a thiol-modified gold capillary in the absence of mediators. Bioelectrochemistry 2001; 53:243-9. [PMID: 11339313 DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(01)00099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A spectroelectrochemical cell was constructed from a gold capillary with 200 microm inner diameter as a working electrode. This allowed spectroelectrochemical study of liquid samples with available volumes less than 5 microl. The optical measurements were accomplished with an optical fibre spectrometer. The optical path of the cell was about 1 cm. To facilitate electrochemistry of biomolecules, the surface of the gold capillary was modified with thiols. The formal potential, E degrees', of the heme in cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium was determined by spectroelectrochemistry in the absence of redox mediators. The number of electrons per redox conversion of heme in CDH was found to be equal to 0.98 + 0.04 corresponding well to a theoretical value representing the redox reaction Fe3+ + e-= Fe2+. Similar spectroelectrochemical experiments with diaphorase from Bacillus stearothermophilus showed the redox conversion of the flavin mononucleotide in diaphorase in the absence of external redox mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Larsson
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
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49
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Alfonta L, Singh AK, Willner I. Liposomes labeled with biotin and horseradish peroxidase: a probe for the enhanced amplification of antigen--antibody or oligonucleotide--DNA sensing processes by the precipitation of an insoluble product on electrodes. Anal Chem 2001; 73:91-102. [PMID: 11195517 DOI: 10.1021/ac000819v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes labeled with biotin and the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are used as a probe to amplify the sensing of antigen-antibody interactions or oligonucleotide-DNA binding. The HRP-biocatalyzed oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol (1) in the presence of H2O2, and the precipitation of the insoluble product 2 on electrode supports, are used as an amplification route for the sensing processes. The anti-dinitrophenyl antibody (DNP-Ab) is sensed by a dinitrophenyl-L-cysteine antigen monolayer associated with an Au electrode. A biotinylated anti-IgG-antibody (Fc-specific) is linked to the antigen-DNP-Ab complex, and the biotin-labeled HRP-liposomes associate with the assembly through an avidin bridge. The biocatalyzed precipitation of 2 on the electrode increases the electron-transfer resistances at the electrode-solution interface or the electrode resistance itself. The binding events of the different proteins on the electrode and the biocatalyzed precipitation of 2 on the conductive support are followed by Faradaic impedance spectroscopy or constant-current chronopotentiometry. DNP-Ab concentrations as low as 1 x 10(-11) g x mL(-1) can be detected by this method. The labeled liposomes were also used for the amplified detection of DNA 3. The oligonucleotide 4, complementary to a part of the target DNA 3 that is a model nucleic acid sequence for the Tay-Sachs genetic disorder, is assembled on an Au electrode. Hybridization of the analyte 3 followed by the association of the biotin-tagged oligonucleotide 5 yields a three-component double-stranded assembly. Sensing of the analyte 3 is amplified by the association of avidin, the labeled liposomes, and the subsequent biocatalyzed precipitation of 2 on the electrodes. The DNA 3 is detected with a sensitivity that corresponds to 6.5 x 10(-13) M. Faradaic impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometry were employed to follow the stepwise assembly of the systems and the electronic transduction of the detection of the analyte DNA 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alfonta
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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50
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Biomedical aspects of electrochemical methods of analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02757324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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