1
|
Spyropoulou AE, Lazarou YG, Sapalidis AA, Laspidou CS. Geochemical modeling of mercury in coastal groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131609. [PMID: 34315074 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The systematic analysis of groundwater in the Greek island of Skiathos revealed a seasonal increase of total mercury concentrations after the extensive groundwater abstraction during the busy and heavily touristic summer months. This contamination was accompanied by a corresponding increase of the chloride content of groundwater, attributed to seawater intrusion into the freshwater-depleted aquifer within mercury-rich bedrock. The effects of elevated concentrations of chloride anions in the mobilization of mercury and its speciation were addressed by geochemical equilibrium modeling, considering cinnabar (HgS) as the mineral source of mercury. Adsorption onto hydrous ferric oxide (Fe2O3·H2O) was a necessary ingredient of the geochemical model for bringing the calculated concentrations in agreement with field measurements, after optimization of the cinnabar/adsorbent mass ratio to a value of 4.9 × 10-8. The speciation of mercury was found to depend on the acidity and redox status as well as on the chloride content of groundwater. Mercury concentrations in the groundwater of Skiathos rise above the World Health Organization limit of 1 μg L-1 for a seawater intrusion higher than 3 %, with HgCl2 being the dominant species followed by HgClOH, HgCl3- and HgCl42-. The assumed concentration of dissolved organic matter in groundwater had a negligible impact on the mercury speciation and its mobilization by chloride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yannis G Lazarou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Athens, Greece.
| | - Andreas A Sapalidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Athens, Greece.
| | - Chrysi S Laspidou
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Volos, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brombach CC, Pichler T. Determination of ultra-low volatile mercury concentrations in sulfur-rich gases and liquids. Talanta 2019; 199:277-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
3
|
Tolessa T, Tan ZQ, Yin YG, Liu JF. Single-drop gold nanoparticles for headspace microextraction and colorimetric assay of mercury (II) in environmental waters. Talanta 2018; 176:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
4
|
Sung J, Nevissi A, Dewalle F. Simple sample digestion of sewage and sludge for multi‐element analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10934528409375204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.F.C. Sung
- a Department of Environmental Health , University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - A.E. Nevissi
- b Laboratory of Radiation Ecology , University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - F.B. Dewalle
- c Department of Environmental Health , University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, 98195
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Hight SC, Cheng J. Determination of total mercury in seafood by cold vapor-atomic absorption spectroscopy (CVAAS) after microwave decomposition. Food Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
7
|
Application of Cold Vapor Differential Pulse Voltammetric Method for Determination of Mercury in Urine Samples. Microchem J 1997. [DOI: 10.1006/mchj.1997.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
Eide R, Schiønning JD, Ernst E, Hansen IM, Wesenberg GR. Mercury content in rat teeth after administration of organic and inorganic mercury. The effects of interrupted exposure and of selenite. Acta Odontol Scand 1995; 53:12-6. [PMID: 7740924 DOI: 10.3109/00016359509005937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rat molars are indicators of exposure concentration and target organ content in chronic mercury vapor exposure. We wished to study the accumulation and persistence of organic and inorganic mercury in rat teeth and the effect of selenium on mercury retention. Male Wistar rats received either inorganic or organic mercury (with or without addition of selenite), selenite only, or no mercury or selenite (controls) in the drinking water for 4 weeks. Group A was killed after exposure. Group B was killed 20 weeks later. The mercury content was measured by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mercury content in the molars in group B was 66% and 77% less than in group A after inorganic and organic exposure, respectively. In the incisors the corresponding reductions were 90% and 97%. Selenite had limited effect on mercury retention in group A and none in group B. We suggest that rat molars and, by inference, human deciduous teeth may serve as indicators of organic and inorganic mercury exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Eide
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Puk R, Weber JH. Critical review of analytical methods for determination of inorganic mercury and methylmercury compounds. Appl Organomet Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.590080404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
10
|
Elimination of interferences from Cu, Pb, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd and Se in the determination of mercury by CVAAS using sodium tetrahydroborate(III) reduction in copper concentrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00323183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
Chapter 20 Mercury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-9244(08)70162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
12
|
Guo T, Baasner J. Determination of mercury in urine by flow-injection cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(93)80096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
13
|
Scheuhammer AM, Bond D. Factors affecting the determination of total mercury in biological samples by continuous-flow cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 1991; 31:119-29. [PMID: 9438033 DOI: 10.1007/bf02990420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The acidic reduction of Hg using a continuous-flow analytical system was evaluated. With 25% SnCl2 as the reductant, characteristic concentrations (sensitivities) of 0.44 microgram/L (open cell) and 0.29 microgram/L (flow-through cell) were obtained using inorganic Hg2+ standards in 1.5% HCl. When CH3Hg+ standards were used, absorption signals were an order of magnitude lower, indicating that Sn(II) is incapable of producing Hg degree from organic Hg in this acidic reduction system. Addition of CdCl2 to the SnCl2 reductant, as suggested by Magos (1) for the reduction of organomercurials under alkaline conditions, was without beneficial effect. Similarly, combining Sn with another reducing agent (hydroxylamine hydrochloride), or a strong alkaline solution (40% NaOH), in the reaction coil of the flow-through system did not significantly enhance the Hg absorption signal for either inorganic or organic Hg. Recovery of Hg from spiked liver homogenates digested at 70-80 degrees C using a HNO3/H2SO4/HCl procedure and stabilized with 0.5 mM K2Cr2O7 was > 85% using either inorganic Hg2+ or CH3Hg+, indicating that this digestion procedure successfully breaks the C-Hg bond to form readily reducible Hg species. Using L-cysteine to stabilize standards of inorganic Hg2+ in HCl caused significant depressions of the Hg absorption signal at L-cysteine concentrations > 0.001% (approximately 0.5 mM); 0.1% L-cysteine caused total suppression of the Hg signal. These results indicate that: (1) acidic reduction of Hg by Sn in this continuous-flow system requires breakdown of organomercurials prior to analysis; (2) tissue digestion using HNO3/H2SO4/HCl followed by the addition of K2Cr2O7 to stabilize Hg2+ achieves this breakdown and allows good recovery of total Hg; and (3) use of L-cysteine to complex and prevent losses of Hg should be avoided in systems using acidic reduction of Hg. Concentrations of endogenous tissue sulfhydryls are generally lower than those associated with depressed absorbance signals during the acidic reduction of Hg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Scheuhammer
- Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Munaf E, Haraguchi H, Takeuchi T. Comparative study of copper(II) and cadmium(II) salts as catalytic reagents in the determination of mercury by continuous-microflow cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)82567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Baxter DC, Frech W. Critical comparison of two standard digestion procedures for the determination of total mercury in natural water samples by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)83337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Hursh JB, Clarkson TW, Miles EF, Goldsmith LA. Percutaneous absorption of mercury vapor by man. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 1989; 44:120-7. [PMID: 2494955 DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1989.9934385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Five volunteer male subjects who were 24 to 78 y of age exposed the skin of their forearm to mercury vapor (203Hg) at concentrations of 0.88-2.14 ng/cm3 for periods of 27-43 min. Approximately 216 to 844 ng was taken up by the skin at rates of 0.0101 to 0.0402 ng Hg per cm2 per min per ng Hg per cm3 air. About half of the mercury taken up was shed by desquamation of epidermal cells during several weeks. The remainder diffused into the general circulation and could be measured as systemic mercury. When the total skin area (of which the forearm skin was assumed to be representative) was compared to the lung as a route of entry for mercury vapor at the same concentration, the rate of uptake was estimated to be 2.2% of the rate of uptake by the lung. A model is proposed that describes the growth and loss of skin-derived systemic mercury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Hursh
- Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Matrix effects in the determination of mercury by continuous micro flow — cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in alkaline medium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00476668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
Abstract
A method is described for studying the in vitro oxidation of mercury vapour by red blood cells at short times and with diminishing mercury vapour concentrations. It is found that for 40% red blood cell suspensions and 37 degrees at concentrations greater than about 6 ng mercury vapour/ml, the oxidation rate is zero order, and that at lower concentrations the rate changes to first order. The effect of temperature and of added hydrogen peroxide are studied. Results are considered in terms of the generally accepted belief that the catalase-compound I system is the main path of oxidation. If the results obtained in vitro in these experiments apply in vivo to man, it follows that inhaled mercury is carried in the blood to the brain and other organs primarily as dissolved vapour rather than as inorganic mercury ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Hursh
- Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York 14642
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Goto M, Munaf E, Ishii D. Continuous micro flow monitoring method for total mercury at sub-ppb level in wastewater and other waters using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01129768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometric determination of mercury using sodium tetrahydroborate reduction and collection on gold. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00481904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- H T Delves
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Adeloju SB, Mann TF. Acid Effects on the Measurement of Mercury by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 1987. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718708064586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
23
|
Hursh JB, Clarkson TW, Nowak TV, Pabico RC, McKenna BA, Miles E, Gibb FR. Prediction of kidney mercury content by isotope techniques. Kidney Int 1985; 27:898-907. [PMID: 3894764 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1985.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A 61-year-old female patient accidentally aspirated liquid mercury during a medically ordered diagnostic procedure. To develop animal-based guidelines, liquid mercury was introduced into the lungs of four dogs. Based on the study of these animals, a method of predicting the kidney inorganic mercury burden was developed using radioactive isotope dilution techniques. It was further demonstrated in dogs that oral administration of dimercaptopropane sulfonate (DMPS) increased mercury excretion and reduced the kidney burden. A rat experiment was performed permitting a statistical evaluation of the assumptions basic to the use of the method. The method was applied to the patient with the result that the kidney inorganic mercury burden was predicted to be 28.1 mg, 8 months after the accident. Treatment with DMPS increased urinary excretion and the post-treatment kidney burden was estimated at 19.6 mg Hg. Inasmuch as the radioactive dose to the subject may be kept at a negligible level and because sensitive methods exist for measurement of radioactive and stable mercury concentrations, the technique may be applicable in special cases to the estimation of kidney inorganic mercury burdens incurred by industrial exposure.
Collapse
|
24
|
Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric techniques for the determination of zinc and copper in microliter and submicroliter volumes of aqueous and serum matrices. Anal Chim Acta 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)83966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Zur direkten Bestimmung von Quecksilber im Urin nach der Kaltdampf-Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie-Methode. Clin Chem Lab Med 1981. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1981.19.7.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
26
|
|
27
|
Levi S, Purdy WC. The AAS determination of copper and zinc levels in the serum of hemodialysis patients. Clin Biochem 1980; 13:253-8. [PMID: 7214691 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(80)80004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An electrothermal atomic absorption technique for the determination of subnanogram amounts of copper and zinc in aqueous and blood serum matrices has been evaluated. The technique has been utilized to study the effect of dialysis (artificial kidney) on the levels of these trace elements in the serum of hemodialysis patients. The present results confirm a previous study (1) which was conducted on representative samples that were taken from the continuous flow of the dialysis fluid (dialysate). Matrix effects have been minimized by using serum controls (obtained from a pool made of the tested serum samples), small sample size, and background correction. Before dialysis, values of copper for patients who were dialysed against tap water (tap-water patients) and distilled water (distilled-water patients) were: (mean +/- SD) 1297 +/- 59 and 1064 +/- 137 micrograms/L, respectively; after dialysis: 1539 +/- 98 and 1120 +/- 129 micrograms/L, respectively. Zinc levels were less affected by the dialysis process; before dialysis: tap-water patients, 952 +/- 131 micrograms/L; distilled-water patients, 932 +/- 119 micrograms/L; after dialysis: 1001 +/- 137 micrograms/L, and 934 +/- 121 micrograms/L, respectively. Because the method is sensitive, accurate, and precise, it can be utilized to study trace levels of copper and zinc in serum when limitations of sample volume exist as in the present case or with pediatric patients.
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Kaiser G, Götz D, Tölg G, Knapp G, Maichin B, Spitzy H. Untersuchung von systematischen Fehlern bei der Bestimmung von Hg-Gesamtgehalten im Bereich < 10−5% in anorganischen und organischen Matrices mit zwei unabhängigen Verbundverfahren. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00491943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
30
|
Yamamoto Y, Kumamaru T, Shiraki A. Comparative study of sodium borohydride tablet and tin(II) chloride reducing systems in the determination of mercury by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00493694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|