1
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Dang QD, Deng YH, Sun TY, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang X, Wu YD, Niu D. Catalytic glycosylation for minimally protected donors and acceptors. Nature 2024; 632:313-319. [PMID: 38885695 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides have myriad functions throughout biological processes1,2. Chemical synthesis of these structurally complex molecules facilitates investigation of their functions. With a dense concentration of stereocentres and hydroxyl groups, oligosaccharide assembly through O-glycosylation requires simultaneous control of site, stereo- and chemoselectivities3,4. Chemists have traditionally relied on protecting group manipulations for this purpose5-8, adding considerable synthetic work. Here we report a glycosylation platform that enables selective coupling between unprotected or minimally protected donor and acceptor sugars, producing 1,2-cis-O-glycosides in a catalyst-controlled, site-selective manner. Radical-based activation9 of allyl glycosyl sulfones forms glycosyl bromides. A designed aminoboronic acid catalyst brings this reactive intermediate close to an acceptor through a network of non-covalent hydrogen bonding and reversible covalent B-O bonding interactions, allowing precise glycosyl transfer. The site of glycosylation can be switched with different aminoboronic acid catalysts by affecting their interaction modes with substrates. The method accommodates a wide range of sugar types, amenable to the preparation of naturally occurring sugar chains and pentasaccharides containing 11 free hydroxyls. Experimental and computational studies provide insights into the origin of selectivity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Di Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Hui Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Molecular Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian-Yu Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Molecular Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Molecular Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Wang JX, Chen MQ, Zhang Y, Han B, Mou ZD, Feng X, Zhang X, Niu D. A Modified Arbuzov-Michalis Reaction for Selective Alkylation of Nucleophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409931. [PMID: 38957113 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The alkylation of nucleophiles is among the most fundamental and well-developed transformations in chemistry. However, to achieve selective alkylation of complex substrates remains a nontrivial task. We report herein a general and selective alkylation method without using strong acids, bases, or metals. In this method, the readily available phosphinites/phosphites, in combination with ethyl acrylate, function as effective alkylating agents. Various nucleophilic groups, including alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, imides, and thiols can be alkylated. This method can be applied in the late-stage alkylation of natural products and pharmaceutical agents, achieving chemo- and site-selective modification of complex substrates. Experimental studies indicate the relative reactivity of a nucleophile depends on its acidity and its steric environment. Mechanistic studies suggest the reaction pathway resembles that of the Arbuzov-Michalis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xi Wang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mu-Qiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ze-Dong Mou
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xitong Feng
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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3
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Peelikuburage BGD, Martens WN, Waclawik ER. Light switching for product selectivity control in photocatalysis. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10168-10207. [PMID: 38722105 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00885e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Artificial switchable catalysis is a new, rapidly expanding field that offers great potential advantages for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems. Light irradiation is widely accepted as the best stimulus to artificial switchable chemical systems. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the synthesis and application of photo-switchable catalysts that can control when and where bond formation and dissociation take place in reactant molecules. Photo-switchable catalysis is a niche area in current catalysis, on which systematic analysis and reviews are still lacking in the scientific literature, yet it offers many intriguing and versatile applications, particularly in organic synthesis. This review aims to highlight the recent advances in photo-switchable catalyst systems that can result in two different chemical product outcomes and thus achieve a degree of control over organic synthetic reactions. Furthermore, this review evaluates different approaches that have been employed to achieve dynamic control over both the catalytic function and the selectivity of several different types of synthesis reactions, along with the remaining challenges and potential opportunities. Owing to the great diversity of the types of reactions and conditions adopted, a quantitative comparison of efficiencies between considered systems is not the focus of this review, instead the review showcases how insights from successful adopted strategies can help better harness and channel the power of photoswitchability in this new and promising area of catalysis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan G D Peelikuburage
- Centre of Materials Science & School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Wayde N Martens
- Centre of Materials Science & School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Eric R Waclawik
- Centre of Materials Science & School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
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4
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Guo H, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C, Grabe B, Loh CCJ. Asymmetric Pd/Organoboron-Catalyzed Site-Selective Carbohydrate Functionalization with Alkoxyallenes Involving Noncovalent Stereocontrol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400912. [PMID: 38530140 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the robustness of a synergistic chiral Pd/organoboron system in tackling a challenging suite of site-, regio-, enantio- and diastereoselectivity issues across a considerable palette of biologically relevant carbohydrate polyols, when prochiral alkoxyallenes were employed as electrophiles. In view of the burgeoning role of noncovalent interactions (NCIs) in stereoselective carbohydrate synthesis, our mechanistic experiments and DFT modeling of the reaction path unexpectedly revealed that NCIs such as hydrogen bonding and CH-π interactions between the resting states of the Pd-π-allyl complex and the borinate saccharide are critically involved in the stereoselectivity control. Our strategy thus illuminates the untapped potential of harnessing NCIs in the context of transition metal catalysis to tackle stereoselectivity challenges in carbohydrate functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Anorganische Chemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Anorganische Chemie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bastian Grabe
- NMR Department Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Charles C J Loh
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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5
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Kusano S, Yamada Y, Hagihara S. Benzoxaborole Catalyst Embedded with a Lewis Base: A Highly Active and Selective Catalyst for cis-1,2-diol Modification. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6714-6722. [PMID: 38669291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The regioselective modification of polyols allows rapid access to their derivatives, thereby accelerating the polyol-related biology and drug discovery. We previously reported that benzoxaborole is a potent catalyst for the regioselective modification of polyols containing a cis-1,2-diol structure. In this study, we developed a bifunctional benzoxaborole catalyst embedded with a Lewis base. Benzoxaborole and Lewis base groups were designed to cooperatively activate a substrate (cis-1,2-diol) and reactant (electrophile), respectively, hence lowering the reaction barrier for the cis-1,2-diol moiety. The bifunctional catalyst indeed exhibited a significantly higher catalytic activity and selectivity for cis-1,2-diol modifications rather than a benzoxaborole catalyst without a Lewis base group. Mechanistic analyses, using both experimental and theoretical methods, supported the design of our catalyst. The bifunctional catalyst reported herein would be a new tool for the straightforward synthesis of polyol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kusano
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinya Hagihara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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6
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Gupta A, Gururaja GN. Regioselective Addition of Sulfur and Amine Nucleophiles To Assemble S═C-S, S-N, and Umpolung C-N Bonds: Exploration of the -CBr 3 Group as a Synthetic Equivalent of S═C-S. Org Lett 2024; 26:1874-1879. [PMID: 38411402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The regioselective addition of sulfur and amine nucleophiles to a -CBr3 unit and nitromethyl moiety in a molecule with the installation of a five-diverse bond structure to novel isothiazole-5(2H)-thione is demonstrated. Umpolung of the nitromethyl group leads to a novel scaffold with selective C-N bond formation. Consequently, differentiating reactive centers by sulfur and amine nucleophiles has been proposed to create unique S-N bonds in conjunction with the dithioate (S═C-S-) moiety. This protocol allows for exploration of the -CBr3 moiety as a synthetic equivalent of the dithioate (S═C-S-) unit during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Gupta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Guddeangadi N Gururaja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
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7
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Lorenzetto T, Bordignon F, Munarin L, Mancin F, Fabris F, Scarso A. Substrate Selectivity Imparted by Self-Assembled Molecular Containers and Catalysts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202301811. [PMID: 37466005 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in catalysis are devoted to mimicking some peculiar features of enzymes like site selectivity, through functional group recognition, and substrate selectivity, through recognition of the entire surface of the substrate. The latter is a specific feature of enzymes that is seldomly present in homogeneous catalysis. Supramolecular catalysis, thanks to the self-assembly of simple subunits, enables the creation of cavities and surfaces whose confinement effects drive the preferential binding of a substrate among others with consequent substrate selectivity. The topic is an emerging field that exploits recognition phenomena to discriminate the reagents based on their size and shape. This review deals this cutting-edge field of research covering examples of supramolecular self-assembled molecular containers and catalysts operating in organic as well as aqueous media, with special emphasis for catalytic systems dealing with direct competitive experiments involving two or more substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Lorenzetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Francesca Bordignon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35100, Italy
| | - Luca Munarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35100, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
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8
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Cai X, Ding D, Zhao S, Wen S, Zhang G, Bai P, Zhang W, Song H, Xu C. Zwitterionic Aqua Palladacycles with Noncovalent Interactions for meta-Selective Suzuki Coupling of 3,4-Dichlorophenol and 3,4-Dichlorobenzyl Alcohol in Water. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2313-2321. [PMID: 38112695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective reaction of substrates with multiple reactive sites has been a focus of the current synthetic chemistry. The use of attractive noncovalent interactions between the catalyst and substrate is emerging as a versatile approach to address site-selectivity challenges. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of palladacycles, to control meta-selective Suzuki coupling of 3,4-dichlorophenol and 3,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol. Noncovalent interactions directed zwitterionic aqua palladacycles catalyzed meta-selective Suzuki couplings of 3,4-dichloroarenes bearing hydroxyl in water have been developed. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the electrostatic interactions play a critical role in meta-selective coupling of 3,4-dichlorophenol, while meta-selective coupling of 3,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol arises due to the hydrogen-bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Cai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Danli Ding
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangxun Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Wen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengtao Bai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan, China
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
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9
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Kanta Das K, Kumar Ghosh A, Hajra A. One-Pot Manganese (I)-Catalyzed Oxidant-Controlled Divergent Functionalization of 2-Arylindazoles. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302849. [PMID: 37870380 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The oxidant-controlled divergent synthesis of C-2' formyl 2H-indazoles and indazoloindazolediones has been developed through Mn(I)- catalyzed ortho C-H functionalization of 2H-indazoles with para-formaldehyde to afford C-2' hydroxymethylated 2H-indazoles and subsequently oxidation with varying the amount of DDQ in one-pot. By employing selectfluor as the oxidant instead of DDQ, this reaction exclusively provided indazolebenzoxazine derivatives. This strategy delivered unsymmetrical indazoloindazoledione and indazolobenzoxazine with varied functional group tolerance in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kanta Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, A Central University), 731235, Santiniketanm, West Bengal, India
| | - Asim Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, A Central University), 731235, Santiniketanm, West Bengal, India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, A Central University), 731235, Santiniketanm, West Bengal, India
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10
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Wang G, Ho CC, Zhou Z, Hao YJ, Lv J, Jin J, Jin Z, Chi YR. Site-Selective C-O Bond Editing of Unprotected Saccharides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:824-832. [PMID: 38123470 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Glucose and its polyhydroxy saccharide analogs are complex molecules that serve as essential structural components in biomacromolecules, natural products, medicines, and agrochemicals. Within the expansive realm of saccharides, a significant area of research revolves around chemically transforming naturally abundant saccharide units to intricate or uncommon molecules such as oligosaccharides or rare sugars. However, partly due to the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups with similar reactivities and the structural complexities arising from stereochemistry, the transformation of unprotected sugars to the desired target molecules remains challenging. One such formidable challenge lies in the efficient and selective activation and modification of the C-O bonds in saccharides. In this study, we disclose a modular 2-fold "tagging-editing" strategy that allows for direct and selective editing of C-O bonds of saccharides, enabling rapid preparation of valuable molecules such as rare sugars and drug derivatives. The first step, referred to as "tagging", involves catalytic site-selective installation of a photoredox active carboxylic ester group to a specific hydroxyl unit of an unprotected sugar. The second step, namely, "editing", features a C-O bond cleavage to form a carbon radical intermediate that undergoes further transformations such as C-H and C-C bond formations. Our strategy constitutes the most effective and shortest route in direct transformation and modification of medicines and other molecules bearing unprotected sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chang Chin Ho
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhixu Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yong-Jia Hao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jie Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiamiao Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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11
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Prasoon A, Yu X, Hambsch M, Bodesheim D, Liu K, Zacarias A, Nguyen NN, Seki T, Dianat A, Croy A, Cuniberti G, Fontaine P, Nagata Y, Mannsfeld SCB, Dong R, Bonn M, Feng X. Site-selective chemical reactions by on-water surface sequential assembly. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8313. [PMID: 38097633 PMCID: PMC10721922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling site-selectivity and reactivity in chemical reactions continues to be a key challenge in modern synthetic chemistry. Here, we demonstrate the discovery of site-selective chemical reactions on the water surface via a sequential assembly approach. A negatively charged surfactant monolayer on the water surface guides the electrostatically driven, epitaxial, and aligned assembly of reagent amino-substituted porphyrin molecules, resulting in a well-defined J-aggregated structure. This constrained geometry of the porphyrin molecules prompts the subsequent directional alignment of the perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride reagent, enabling the selective formation of a one-sided imide bond between porphyrin and reagent. Surface-specific in-situ spectroscopies reveal the underlying mechanism of the dynamic interface that promotes multilayer growth of the site-selective imide product. The site-selective reaction on the water surface is further demonstrated by three reversible and irreversible chemical reactions, such as imide-, imine-, and 1, 3-diazole (imidazole)- bonds involving porphyrin molecules. This unique sequential assembly approach enables site-selective chemical reactions that can bring on-water surface synthesis to the forefront of modern organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Prasoon
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mike Hambsch
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Bodesheim
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kejun Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angelica Zacarias
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Nguyen Ngan Nguyen
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Takakazu Seki
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aerzoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Croy
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07737, Jena, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany.
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12
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Das B, Sahoo SR, Das A, Pathak B, Sarkar D. Sustainable Organic Photocatalysis for Site-Selective Hydrazocoupling of Electron-Rich Arenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7733-7738. [PMID: 37853522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient photocatalytic para- and ortho-selective amination and aminative dearomatization of phenols, naphthols, and anilines with azodicarboxylates was developed using riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA) as an organic photocatalyst. The site selectivity was controlled using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), which also acts as a phase transfer catalyst. The reaction conditions are simple and mild, giving high regioselectivity with good to excellent yields. A broad substrate scope and nice functional group tolerance with scalability and post-functionalization make this protocol both useful and regioselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Sushree Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Amitabha Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
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13
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Huo J, Fu Y, Tang MJ, Liu P, Dong G. Escape from Palladium: Nickel-Catalyzed Catellani Annulation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11005-11011. [PMID: 37184338 PMCID: PMC10973944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
While Catellani reactions have become increasingly important for arene functionalizations, they have been solely catalyzed by palladium. Here we report the first nickel-catalyzed Catellani-type annulation of aryl triflates and chlorides to form various benzocyclobutene-fused norbornanes in high efficiency. Mechanistic studies reveal a surprising outer-sphere concerted metalation/deprotonation pathway during the formation of the nickelacycle, as well as the essential roles of the base and the triflate anion. The reaction shows a broad functional group tolerance and enhanced regioselectivity compared to the corresponding palladium catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Huo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Melody J. Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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14
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Wang HL, Yu QX, Zhu ZH, Lu XL, Li YL, Liang FP, Zou HH. "One-Pot" In Situ Tandem Reaction─Dy(III) Coordination-Catalyzed Multicomponent Condensation of Salicylaldehyde Derivatives to Obtain Ketals. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5863-5871. [PMID: 36976914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to subject simple reaction starting materials to a "one-pot" in situ tandem reaction without post-treatment under mild reaction conditions to obtain multimers with complex structural linkages. In organic synthesis, acetal reactions are often used to protect derivatives containing carbonyl functional groups. Therefore, acetal products tend to have very low stability, and performing multi-step condensation to obtain complex multimeric products is difficult. Herein, we achieved the first efficient multiple condensation of o-vanillin derivatives using Dy(OAc)3·6H2O undergoing a "one-pot" in situ tandem reaction under mild solvothermal conditions to obtain a series of dimers (I and II, clusters 1 and 2) and trimers (I and II, clusters 3 and 4). When methanol or ethanol is used as the solvent, the alcoholic solvent participates in acetal and dehydration reactions to obtain dimers (I and II). Surprisingly, when using acetonitrile as the reaction solvent, the o-vanillin derivatives undergo acetal and dehydration reactions to obtain trimers (I and II). In addition, clusters 1-4 all showed distinct single-molecule magnetic behaviors under zero-field conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that multiple acetal reactions catalyzed by coordination-directed catalysis under "one-pot" conditions have been realized, opening a new horizon for the development of fast, facile, green, and efficient synthetic methods for complex compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Hong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Lin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Lan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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15
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Rao VUB, Wang C, Demarque DP, Grassin C, Otte F, Merten C, Strohmann C, Loh CCJ. A synergistic Rh(I)/organoboron-catalysed site-selective carbohydrate functionalization that involves multiple stereocontrol. Nat Chem 2023; 15:424-435. [PMID: 36585443 PMCID: PMC9986112 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective functionalization is a core synthetic strategy that has broad implications in organic synthesis. Particularly, exploiting chiral catalysis to control site selectivity in complex carbohydrate functionalizations has emerged as a leading method to unravel unprecedented routes into biologically relevant glycosides. However, robust catalytic systems available to overcome multiple facets of stereoselectivity challenges to this end still remain scarce. Here we report a synergistic chiral Rh(I)- and organoboron-catalysed protocol, which enables access into synthetically challenging but biologically relevant arylnaphthalene glycosides. Our method depicts the employment of chiral Rh(I) catalysis in site-selective carbohydrate functionalization and showcases the utility of boronic acid as a compatible co-catalyst. Crucial to the success of our method is the judicious choice of a suitable organoboron catalyst. We also determine that exquisite multiple aspects of stereocontrol, including enantio-, diastereo-, regio- and anomeric control and dynamic kinetic resolution, are concomitantly operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- V U Bhaskara Rao
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakültät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Caiming Wang
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakültät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | - Felix Otte
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Strohmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Charles C J Loh
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany.
- Fakültät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
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16
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Similarities and Differences between Site-Selective Acylation and Phosphorylation of Amphiphilic Diols, Promoted by Nucleophilic Organocatalysts Decorated with Outer-Sphere Appendages. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated recently that organocatalysts, based on a nucleophilic core (N-alkylimidazole or 4-aminopyridine) and decorated with an extensive secondary-sphere envelope (connected to the core through a benzyl substituent), strongly affect the site selectivity in acylation and phosphorylation of amphiphilic diols, sometimes entirely overriding the innate predisposition of the substrate. Preliminary studies pointed out that, despite some similarities, there are differences between the two transformations, regarding the influence of various catalyst features on the selectivity. To fully elucidate this, extended families of organocatalysts of the said design were examined, activity- and selectivity-wise, in the abovementioned transformations of model alcohol and amphiphilic diol substrates. A comparison of the influence of the catalyst design on the two reactions revealed that while the inductive electron donation of the o,o-dialkoxybenzyl substituent of the core, combined with the catalytic intermediate-stabilizing influence of some of the secondary-sphere components, causes an increase in the catalyst activity in both reactions and in the site selectivity in phosphorylation, its effect on the site selectivity in acylation is opposite. On the other hand, the lipophilicity of the secondary-sphere appendages improves the apolar site-favoring selectivity in both reactions. Thus, both factors work in concert in phosphorylation, but in opposite directions in acylation.
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17
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Li YL, Lu XL, Zhu ZH, Wang HL, Liang FP, Zou HH. Manipulating Solvothermal Coordination-Catalyzed In Situ Tandem Reactions to Construct Dysprosium-Based Complexes with Different Shapes and Zero-Field SMM Behaviors. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20513-20523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Lin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Hong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Ling Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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18
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Cohen A, Siddaraju Y, Marek I. Directed Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation and Epoxidation of Alkenyl Cyclopropyl Carbinol Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:8322-8325. [PMID: 36354275 PMCID: PMC9743385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the directed diastereoselective Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation and vanadium-catalyzed epoxidation reactions of alkenyl cyclopropyl carbinol derivatives. The reaction furnished densely substituted stereodefined bicyclopropanes and cyclopropyl oxiranes as a single diastereomer in each case. The remarkable selectivity is obtained thanks to the rigidity of the cyclopropyl core, allowing diastereoselective reactions on the alkenyl moiety. This emphasizes the uniqueness of the cyclopropyl ring as a central platform in stereoselective synthesis.
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19
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Zeng Y, Yang H, Du J, Huang Q, Huang G, Xia Y. Rh-catalyzed regio-switchable cross-coupling of gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes with allylboronates to structurally diverse fluorinated dienes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12419-12425. [PMID: 36382270 PMCID: PMC9629036 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04118a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of linear/branched selectivity is one of the major focuses in transition-metal catalyzed allyl-allyl cross-coupling reactions, in which bond connection occurs at the terminal site of both the allyl fragments forming different types of 1,5-dienes. Herein, terminal/internal regioselectivity is investigated and found to be switchable in allyl-allyl cross-coupling reactions between gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes and allylboronates. The controlled terminal/internal regioselectivity arises from the fine-tuning of the rhodium catalytic system. Fluorinated 1,3-dienes, 1,4-dienes and 1,5-dienes are therefore produced in good yields with respectively isomerized terminal, internal, and terminal regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hui Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jiayi Du
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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20
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Toledano-Pinedo M, Martínez del Campo T, Yanai H, Almendros P. Au(I) as a π-Lewis Base Catalyst: Controlled Synthesis of Sterically Congested Bis(triflyl)enals from α-Allenols. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Toledano-Pinedo
- Grupo de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Martínez del Campo
- Grupo de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hikaru Yanai
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Pedro Almendros
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Qin Q, Wang D, Shao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Li X, Huang C, Mi L. Sequentially Regulating the Structural Transformation of Copper Metal-Organic Frameworks (Cu-MOFs) for Controlling Site-Selective Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36845-36854. [PMID: 35938901 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Regulating atomically precise sites in catalysts to achieve site-selective reactions is remarkable but challenging. In this work, a convenient and facile solid-gas/liquid reaction strategy was used to construct controllable active sites in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to guide an orientation site-selective reaction. A flexible CuI-MOF-1 with dynamics originating from an anionic and tailorable framework could undergo a reversible structural transformation to engineer a topologically equivalent mixed-valent CuICuII-MOF-2 via a solid-gas/liquid oxidation/reduction process. More importantly, CuI-MOF-1 and CuICuII-MOF-2 could further execute the solid-gas/liquid reaction under ammonia vapor/solution to generate CuII-MOF-3. Furthermore, the transformation from CuI-MOF-1 to CuICuII-MOF-2 and CuII-MOF-3 served as controllable catalysts to facilitate site-selective reactions to realize direct C-N bond arylations. The results demonstrated that CuI-MOF-1 and CuII-MOF-3 possessed well-defined platforms with uniformly and accurately active sites to attain a "turn-on/off" process via different reaction routes, providing the desired site-selective ring-opening products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qin
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Di Wang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Zhichao Shao
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research and Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
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22
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Patil RD, Dutta M, Pratihar S. Hydrogenation Involving Two Different Proton- and Hydride-Transferring Reagents through Metal–Ligand Cooperation: Mechanism and Scope. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Daga Patil
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Manali Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay Pratihar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
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23
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Fallek R, Ashush N, Fallek A, Fleischer O, Portnoy M. Controlling the Site Selectivity in Acylations of Amphiphilic Diols: Directing the Reaction toward the Apolar Domain in a Model Diol and the Midecamycin A 1 Macrolide Antibiotic. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9688-9698. [PMID: 35801540 PMCID: PMC9361358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seeking to improve the site selectivity of acylation of amphiphilic diols, which is induced by imidazole-based nucleophilic catalysts and directs the reaction toward apolar sites, as we recently reported, we examined a new improved catalytic design and an alteration of the acylating agent. The new catalysts performed slightly better selectivity-wise in the model reaction, compared to the previous set, but notably could be prepared in a much more synthetically economic way. The change of the acylating agent from anhydride to acyl chloride, particularly in combination with the new catalysts, accelerated the reaction and increased the selectivity in favor of the apolar site. The new selectivity-inducing techniques were applied to midecamycin, a natural amphiphilic antibiotic possessing a secondary alcohol moiety in each of its two domains, polar as well as apolar. In the case of the anhydride, a basic dimethylamino group, decorating this substrate, overrides the catalyst's selectivity preference and forces selective acylation of the alcohol in the polar domain with a more than 91:1 ratio of the monoacylated products. To counteract the internal base influence, an acid additive was used or the acylating agent was changed to acyl chloride. The latter adjustment leads, in combination with our best catalyst, to the reversal of the ratio between the products to 1:11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natali Ashush
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Amit Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Or Fleischer
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Moshe Portnoy
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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24
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Veth L, Grab HA, Dydio P. Recent Trends in Group 9 Catalyzed C–H Borylation Reactions: Different Strategies To Control Site-, Regio-, and Stereoselectivity. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1711-5889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganoboron compounds continue contributing substantially to advances in organic chemistry with their increasing role as both synthetic intermediates and target compounds for medicinal chemistry. Particularly attractive methods for their synthesis are based on the direct borylation of C–H bonds of available starting materials since no additional pre-functionalization steps are required. However, due to the high abundance of C–H bonds with similar reactivity in organic molecules, synthetically useful C–H borylation protocols demand sophisticated strategies to achieve high regio- and stereoselectivity. For this purpose, selective transition-metal-based catalysts have been developed, with group 9 centered catalysts being among the most commonly utilized. Recently, a multitude of diverse strategies has been developed to push the boundaries of C–H borylation reactions with respect to their regio- and enantioselectivity. Herein, we provide an overview of approaches for the C–H borylation of arenes, alkenes, and alkanes based on group 9 centered catalysts with a focus on the recent literature. Lastly, an outlook is given to assess the future potential of the field.1 Introduction1.1 Mechanistic Considerations1.2 Selectivity Issues in C–H Borylation1.3 Different Modes of Action Employing Directing Group Strategies in C–H Borylation1.4 Scope and Aim of this Short Review2 Trends in C–H Borylation Reactions2.1 Photoinduced Catalysis2.2 Transfer C–H Borylation2.3 Lewis Acid Mediated C–H Borylation2.4 Directed Metalation2.5 Miscellaneous C–H Borylation Reactions2.6 Electrostatic Interactions2.7 Hydrogen Bonding3 Conclusion and Outlook
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25
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Li YF, Wei YF, Tian J, Zhang J, Chang HH, Gao WC. N-Thiohydroxy Succinimide Esters (NTSEs): Versatile Reagents for Selective Acyl and Acylthio Transfer. Org Lett 2022; 24:5736-5740. [PMID: 35904329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation between similarly reactive sites in molecules represents an ongoing challenge of organic synthesis. Herein we described one kind of versatile reagents, N-thiohydroxy succinimide esters (NTSEs), serving as both acyl and acylthio surrogates for the diverse synthesis of ketones, thioesters, amides, and acyl disulfides by selective cleavage of similarly reactive C-S and N-S bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Feng Wei
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hong Chang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.,Shanxi Tihondan Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Gao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.,Shanxi Tihondan Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, People's Republic of China
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26
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Carder HM, Wang Y, Wendlandt AE. Selective Axial-to-Equatorial Epimerization of Carbohydrates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11870-11877. [PMID: 35731921 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Radical-mediated transformations have emerged as powerful methods for the synthesis of rare and unnatural branched, deoxygenated, and isomeric sugars. Here, we describe a radical-mediated axial-to-equatorial alcohol epimerization method to transform abundant glycans into rare isomers. The method delivers highly predictable and selective reaction outcomes that are complementary to other sugar isomerization methods. The synthetic utility of isomer interconversion is showcased through expedient glycan synthesis, including one-step glycodiversification. Mechanistic studies reveal that both site- and diastereoselectivities are achieved by highly selective H atom abstraction of equatorially disposed α-hydroxy C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden M Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Site-selective, stereocontrolled glycosylation of minimally protected sugars. Nature 2022; 608:74-79. [PMID: 35709829 PMCID: PMC9427130 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04958-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The identification of general and efficient methods for the construction of oligosaccharides stands as one of the great challenges for the field of synthetic chemistry1,2. Selective glycosylation of unprotected sugars and other polyhydroxylated nucleophiles is a particularly significant goal, requiring not only control over the stereochemistry of the forming bond but also differentiation between similarly reactive nucleophilic sites in stereochemically complex contexts3,4. Chemists have generally relied on multi-step protecting-group strategies to achieve site control in glycosylations, but practical inefficiencies arise directly from the application of such approaches5-7. We describe here a new strategy for small-molecule-catalyst-controlled, highly stereo- and site-selective glycosylations of unprotected or minimally protected mono- and disaccharides using precisely designed bis-thiourea small-molecule catalysts. Stereo- and site-selective galactosylations and mannosylations of a wide assortment of polyfunctional nucleophiles is thereby achieved. Kinetic and computational studies provide evidence that site selectivity arises from stabilizing C-H/π interactions between the catalyst and the nucleophile, analogous to those documented in sugar-binding proteins. This work demonstrates that highly selective glycosylation reactions can be achieved through control of stabilizing noncovalent interactions, a potentially general strategy for selective functionalization of carbohydrates.
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Sasmal S, Prakash G, Dutta U, Laskar R, Lahiri GK, Maiti D. Directing group assisted rhodium catalyzed meta-C-H alkynylation of arenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5616-5621. [PMID: 35694332 PMCID: PMC9116288 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Site-selective C-H alkynylation of arenes to produce aryl alkynes is a highly desirable transformation due to the prevalence of aryl alkynes in various natural products, drug molecules and in materials. To ensure site-selective C-H functionalization, directing group (DG) assisted C-H activation has been evolved as a useful synthetic tool. In contrast to DG-assisted ortho-C-H activation, distal meta-C-H activation is highly challenging and has attracted significant attention in recent years. However, developments are majorly focused on Pd-based catalytic systems. In order to diversify the scope of distal meta-C-H functionalization, herein we disclosed the first Rh(i) catalyzed meta-C-H alkynylation protocol through the inverse Sonogashira coupling reaction. The protocol is compatible with various substrate classes which include phenylacetic acids, hydrocinnamic acids, 2-phenyl benzoic acids, 2-phenyl phenols, benzyl sulfonates and ether-based scaffolds. The post-synthetic modification of meta-alkynylated arenes is also demonstrated through DG-removal as well as functional group interconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheuli Sasmal
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Uttam Dutta
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Ranjini Laskar
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | | | - Debabrata Maiti
- IIT Bombay, Department of Chemistry Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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Fu Y, Chen CH, Huang MG, Tao JY, Peng X, Xu HB, Liu YJ, Zeng MH. Remote C5-Selective Functionalization of Naphthalene Enabled by P–Ru–C Bond-Directed δ-Activation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueliuting Fu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Cui-Hong Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Mao-Gui Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun-Yang Tao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xu Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hai-Bing Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yue-Jin Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Bose I, Zhao Y. Site-Selective Catalytic Epoxidation of Alkene with Tunable, Atomic Precision by Molecularly Imprinted Artificial Epoxidases. ACS Catal 2022; 12:3444-3451. [PMID: 35515882 PMCID: PMC9066603 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Distinction of chemical functionality by their local chemical environment is a skill mastered by enzymes, evident from the selective synthesis, cleavage, and transformation of peptides, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides that abound with the same type of functional groups. In contrast, synthetic catalysts are generally better at differentiating functional groups based on their electronic and steric properties. Here we report artificial epoxidases prepared through molecular imprinting of surface-core doubly cross-linked micelles, followed by efficient functionalization of the imprinted site in the micellar core via photoaffinity labeling. The size and shape of the active sites are tuned by the modularly synthesized templates, with the oxygen-delivering peroxy acid group positioned accurately. These catalysts are used in epoxidation of alkene in water with hydrogen peroxide under mild conditions, without any additional additives. Most importantly, atomic precision is achieved in the catalysis and enables alkenes to be distinguished that differ in the position of the carbon-carbon double bond by a single carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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31
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Ni SF, Huang G, Chen Y, Wright JS, Li M, Dang L. Recent advances in γ-C(sp3)–H bond activation of amides, aliphatic amines, sulfanilamides and amino acids. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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32
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Zeng M, Xue Y, Qin Y, Peng F, Li Q, Zeng MH. CuBr-promoted domino Biginelli reaction for the diastereoselective synthesis of bridged polyheterocycles: mechanism studies and in vitro anti-tumor activities. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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33
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Dutta U, Maiti D. Emergence of Pyrimidine-Based meta-Directing Group: Journey from Weak to Strong Coordination in Diversifying meta-C-H Functionalization. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:354-372. [PMID: 35021007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
C-H activation has emerged as a powerful transformative synthetic tool to construct complex molecular frameworks, which are ubiquitous in natural products, medicines, dyes, polymers, and many more. However, reactivity and selectivity, arising from the inertness of C-H bonds and their overabundance in organic molecules, are the two major fundamental challenges in developing various carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bond formation reactions via C-H activation technique. Functional groups with coordinating capacity to the transition metal catalysts, profoundly known as directing groups (DGs), have shown great promise in exerting selective C-H activation, often called site-selective or regioselective transformation of a target molecule. Advent of directing group (DG)-assisted strategies not only has resolved the selectivity issues but also offers a unique solution to the rapid synthesis of complex molecules in a convenient and predictable manner. Our laboratory, in this regard, is fascinated by the prospect of DG-assisted distal C-H functionalization of arenes, in which the target C-H bond is remotely located from the existing directing group. Notably, in opposition to proximal ortho-C-H activation, which proceeded via an energetically favorable five- to seven-membered metallacycle, distal C-H activation remained a formidable challenge as it required formation of a large macrocyclic metallacycle. Therefore, designing a suitable directing template that would maintain the required distance and geometric relationship between the target C-H bond and the appended directing auxiliary in order to ensure the prolific delivery of the metal catalyst to the closest proximity of targeted distal C-H bond was the key to success. In this regard, the Yu group devised an elegant "U-shaped" template for the first time to execute distal meta-C-H activation recruiting a cyano-based directing group. Our initial effort to diversify the scope of meta-C-H functionalization using a cyano-based template led us to realize that the "cyano-based DGs" are intrinsically limited with weak coordinating ability, competitive binding mode (end-on vs side-on), and incompatibility with acidic and basic reaction conditions. In search of a robust directing auxiliary, we were intrigued by the possibility of using the strongly coordinating ability of pyrimidine and quinoline-based DGs.In this Account, we describe our journey from the weakly coordinating cyano-based DG to the strongly coordinating pyrimidine-based DG to achieve diverse meta-C-H functionalization of electronically and sterically unbiased arenes. While some of the functionalizations were achieved by finding suitable reaction conditions, others were led by mechanistic understanding. Notably, initial development in this realm was constrained with short linkers, in which the DG was attached to the arene of interest through 2-4 atoms. In later studies, we demonstrated that the selective meta-C-H activation can be attained even though the DG is 10-atoms away from the targeted arene. More importantly, a transient DG was successfully utilized to deliver meta-C-H olefination of arenes via in situ imine formation, which provided a step-economic route to meta-C-H activation.We hope that this Account will stimulate further template design and will provide a guiding platform for the future development of distal meta-C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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35
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Li R, Dong G. Redox‐Neutral Vicinal Difunctionalization of Five‐Membered Heteroarenes with Dual Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renhe Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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36
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Li R, Dong G. Redox-Neutral Vicinal Difunctionalization of Five-Membered Heteroarenes with Dual Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26184-26191. [PMID: 34591355 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A new reaction mode of palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis is reported involving the selective coupling of two different carbon-based electrophiles for vicinal double C-H functionalization of five-membered heteroarenes in a site-selective and redox-neutral manner. The key is to use alkynyl bromides as the second electrophile, which allows vicinal difunctionalization of a wide range of heteroarenes including pyrroles, thiophenes and furans at their C4 and C5 positions. One- or two-step tetrafunctionalizations of simple pyrrole and thiophene have also been realized. The C2-substituted NBEs prove most effective in these reactions, and the mechanistic exploration discloses the origin of the high selectivity of this transformation. Synthetic utility of this method has been exemplified in the concise preparations of thiophene-containing organic materials and a protein kinase inhibitor analogue. Preliminary success has also been achieved in a direct annulation event, using a tethered ketone as the second electrophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhe Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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37
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Tao L, Zhang Y, Du S. Structures and electronic properties of functional molecules on metal substrates: From single molecule to self‐assemblies. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tao
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yu‐yang Zhang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation Beijing China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation Beijing China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Beijing China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan China
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38
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Suh CE, Carder HM, Wendlandt AE. Selective Transformations of Carbohydrates Inspired by Radical-Based Enzymatic Mechanisms. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1814-1828. [PMID: 33988380 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are a longstanding source of inspiration for synthetic reaction development. However, enzymatic reactivity and selectivity are frequently untenable in a synthetic context, as the principles that govern control in an enzymatic setting often do not translate to small molecule catalysis. Recent synthetic methods have revealed the viability of using small molecule catalysts to promote highly selective radical-mediated transformations of minimally protected sugar substrates. These transformations share conceptual similarities with radical SAM enzymes found in microbial carbohydrate biosynthesis and present opportunities for synthetic chemists to access microbial and unnatural carbohydrate building blocks without the need for protecting groups or lengthy synthetic sequences. Here, we highlight strategies through which radical reaction pathways can enable the site-, regio-, and diastereoselective transformation of minimally protected carbohydrates in both synthetic and enzymatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn E. Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hayden M. Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E. Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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39
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Exploiting non-covalent interactions in selective carbohydrate synthesis. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:792-815. [PMID: 37117666 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-covalent interactions (NCIs) are a vital component of biological bond-forming events, and have found important applications in multiple branches of chemistry. In recent years, the biomimetic exploitation of NCIs in challenging glycosidic bond formation and glycofunctionalizations has attracted significant interest across diverse communities of organic and carbohydrate chemists. This emerging theme is a major new direction in contemporary carbohydrate chemistry, and is rapidly gaining traction as a robust strategy to tackle long-standing issues such as anomeric and site selectivity. This Review thus seeks to provide a bird's-eye view of wide-ranging advances in harnessing NCIs within the broad field of synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. These include the exploitation of NCIs in non-covalent catalysed glycosylations, in non-covalent catalysed glycofunctionalizations, in aglycone delivery, in stabilization of intermediates and transition states, in the existence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding networks and in aggregation by hydrogen bonds. In addition, recent emerging opportunities in exploiting halogen bonding and other unconventional NCIs, such as CH-π, cation-π and cation-n interactions, in various aspects of carbohydrate chemistry are also examined.
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40
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Ueda Y. Site-Selective Molecular Transformation: Acylation of Hydroxy Groups and C-H Amination. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:931-944. [PMID: 34602573 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Control of site selectivity is an exciting direction for synthetic organic chemistry owing to the possibility of selective modification of multifunctionalized molecules, ultimately including biomacromolecules. In this review, our recent research related to site selectivity in two types of transformation, namely, the acylation of hydroxy groups and C-H amination, is summarized. Regarding the acylation of hydroxy groups, catalyst-controlled site selectivity enables unconventional retrosynthetic analysis, leading to efficient syntheses of sugar-related natural and unnatural products. Regarding C-H amination, the discovery of unprecedented reaction sites in intermolecular amination mediated by dirhodium nitrenes is described. The findings of this research demonstrate the power of site-selective transformation in the synthesis of a particular class of compounds.
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41
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Du X, Zhao H, Li X, Zhang L, Dong Y, Wang P, Zhang D, Liu Q, Liu H. Ligand-Regulated Palladium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Hydroarylation of the Distal Double Bond of Allenamides with Aryl Boronic Acid. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13276-13288. [PMID: 34541854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ligand-regulated regiodivergent hydroarylation of the distal double bond of allenamides with aryl boronic acid was achieved in the presence of palladium(II) catalysts, delivering a variety of functionalized enamide with excellent E selectivity and Markovnikov/anti-Markovnikov selectivity. Two possible coordination intermediates were proposed to be responsible for the regiodivergent hydroarylation: (1) The coordination Intermediate I, which was proposed to be formed through the coordination of MeCN, distal double bond, phenyl to palladium, led to the aryl group away from the Intermediate I, inducing excellent E selectivity and anti-Markovnikov selectivity. (2) A switch of regioselectivity to 1,2-Markovnikov hydroarylation was obtained using bidentate phosphine ligand (dppf or Xantphos). The formed coordination Intermediate II led to the N-tether away from the Intermediate II and at the trans position of aryl, resulting in excellent E selectivity and Markovnikov selectivity. Meanwhile, tentative investigation on the mechanism proved that the hydron source of this hydroarylation is more likely to be boronic acid. The transmetallation between aryl boronic acid and palladium catalyst was the initial step of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Daopeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
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Candish L, Collins KD, Cook GC, Douglas JJ, Gómez-Suárez A, Jolit A, Keess S. Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2907-2980. [PMID: 34558888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in the life science industry require access to mild and robust synthetic methodologies to systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel chemical space, and enable efficient synthesis. In this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for the synthesis of complex and often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims to summarize the published contributions to the field from the life science industry, including research from industrial-academic partnerships. An overview of the synthetic methodologies developed and strategic applications in chemical synthesis, including peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, and both DNA-encoded and traditional library synthesis, is provided, along with a summary of the state-of-the-art in photoreactor technology and the effective upscaling of photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Candish
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl D Collins
- Bayer Foundation, Public Affairs, Science and Sustainability, Bayer AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anais Jolit
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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43
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Carder HM, Suh CE, Wendlandt AE. A Unified Strategy to Access 2- and 4-Deoxygenated Sugars Enabled by Manganese-Promoted 1,2-Radical Migration. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13798-13805. [PMID: 34406756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The selective manipulation of carbohydrate scaffolds is challenging due to the presence of multiple, nearly chemically indistinguishable O-H and C-H bonds. As a result, protecting-group-based synthetic strategies are typically necessary for carbohydrate modification. Here we report a concise semisynthetic strategy to access diverse 2- and 4-deoxygenated carbohydrates without relying on the exhaustive use of protecting groups to achieve site-selective reaction outcomes. Our approach leverages a Mn2+-promoted redox isomerization step, which proceeds via sugar radical intermediates accessed by neutral hydrogen atom abstraction under visible light-mediated photoredox conditions. The resulting deoxyketopyranosides feature chemically distinguishable functional groups and are readily transformed into diverse carbohydrate structures. To showcase the versatility of this method, we report expedient syntheses of the rare sugars l-ristosamine, l-olivose, l-mycarose, and l-digitoxose from commercial l-rhamnose. The findings presented here validate the potential for radical intermediates to facilitate the selective transformation of carbohydrates and showcase the step and efficiency advantages attendant to synthetic strategies that minimize a reliance upon protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden M Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carolyn E Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Wu H, Su H, Schulze EJ, Peters BBC, Nolan MD, Yang J, Singh T, Ahlquist MSG, Andersson PG. Site- and Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Desymmetric Mono-Hydrogenation of 1,4-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19428-19434. [PMID: 34137493 PMCID: PMC8456900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The control of site selectivity in asymmetric mono-hydrogenation of dienes or polyenes remains largely underdeveloped. Herein, we present a highly efficient desymmetrization of 1,4-dienes via iridium-catalyzed site- and enantioselective hydrogenation. This methodology demonstrates the first iridium-catalyzed hydrogenative desymmetriation of meso dienes and provides a concise approach to the installation of two vicinal stereogenic centers adjacent to an alkene. High isolated yields (up to 96 %) and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 d.r. and 99 % ee) were obtained for a series of divinyl carbinol and divinyl carbinamide substrates. DFT calculations reveal that an interaction between the hydroxy oxygen and the reacting hydride is responsible for the stereoselectivity of the desymmetrization of the divinyl carbinol. Based on the calculated energy profiles, a model that simulates product distribution over time was applied to show an intuitive kinetics of this process. The usefulness of the methodology was demonstrated by the synthesis of the key intermediates of natural products zaragozic acid A and (+)-invictolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wu
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Hao Su
- School of BiotechnologyKTH Royal Institute of Technology10691StockholmSweden
| | - Erik J. Schulze
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Bram B. C. Peters
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Mark D. Nolan
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Thishana Singh
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Kwazulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban4000South Africa
| | | | - Pher G. Andersson
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Kwazulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban4000South Africa
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Wu H, Su H, Schulze EJ, Peters BBC, Nolan MD, Yang J, Singh T, Ahlquist MSG, Andersson PG. Site‐ and Enantioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Mono‐Hydrogenation of 1,4‐Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hao Su
- School of Biotechnology KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Erik J. Schulze
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bram B. C. Peters
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mark D. Nolan
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Thishana Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of Kwazulu-Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | | | - Pher G. Andersson
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of Kwazulu-Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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Palani V, Perea MA, Sarpong R. Site-Selective Cross-Coupling of Polyhalogenated Arenes and Heteroarenes with Identical Halogen Groups. Chem Rev 2021; 122:10126-10169. [PMID: 34402611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Methods to functionalize arenes and heteroarenes in a site-selective manner are highly sought after for rapidly constructing value-added molecules of medicinal, agrochemical, and materials interest. One effective approach is the site-selective cross-coupling of polyhalogenated arenes bearing multiple, but identical, halogen groups. Such cross-coupling reactions have proven to be incredibly effective for site-selective functionalization. However, they also present formidable challenges due to the inherent similarities in the reactivities of the halogen substituents. In this Review, we discuss strategies for site-selective cross-couplings of polyhalogenated arenes and heteroarenes bearing identical halogens, beginning first with an overview of the reaction types that are more traditional in nature, such as electronically, sterically, and directing-group-controlled processes. Following these examples is a description of emerging strategies, which includes ligand- and additive/solvent-controlled reactions as well as photochemically initiated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Palani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Melecio A Perea
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Olivo G, Capocasa G, Del Giudice D, Lanzalunga O, Di Stefano S. New horizons for catalysis disclosed by supramolecular chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7681-7724. [PMID: 34008654 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The adoption of a supramolecular approach in catalysis promises to address a number of unmet challenges, ranging from activity (unlocking of novel reaction pathways) to selectivity (alteration of the innate selectivity of a reaction, e.g. selective functionalization of C-H bonds) and regulation (switch ON/OFF, sequential catalysis, etc.). Supramolecular tools such as reversible association and recognition, pre-organization of reactants and stabilization of transition states upon binding offer a unique chance to achieve the above goals disclosing new horizons whose potential is being increasingly recognized and used, sometimes reaching the degree of ripeness for practical use. This review summarizes the main developments that have opened such new frontiers, with the aim of providing a guide to researchers approaching the field. We focus on artificial supramolecular catalysts of defined stoichiometry which, under homogeneous conditions, unlock outcomes that are highly difficult if not impossible to attain otherwise, namely unnatural reactivity or selectivity and catalysis regulation. The different strategies recently explored in supramolecular catalysis are concisely presented, and, for each one, a single or very few examples is/are described (mainly last 10 years, with only milestone older works discussed). The subject is divided into four sections in light of the key design principle: (i) nanoconfinement of reactants, (ii) recognition-driven catalysis, (iii) catalysis regulation by molecular machines and (iv) processive catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Olivo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Capocasa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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Wu Z, Fatuzzo N, Dong G. Palladium/norbornene-catalyzed distal alkenyl C-H arylation and alkylation of cis-olefins. Tetrahedron 2021; 90. [PMID: 34690377 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this full article, a detailed study of a distal alkenyl C-H arylation and alkylation through the palladium/norbornene (NBE) cooperative catalysis is described. Both aminopyridine- and oxime ether-type directing groups have been found effective for this transformation, allowing functionalization of diverse allyl amines and homoallyl alcohols. In addition, the C5,C6-substititued NBEs show optimal reactivity and selectivity. Various cis-olefins can be transformed to the corresponding arylated or alkylated trisubstituted alkenes with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies support the Catellani pathway instead of the Heck pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Nina Fatuzzo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Scaringi S, Mazet C. Kinetically Controlled Stereoselective Access to Branched 1,3-Dienes by Ru-Catalyzed Remote Conjugative Isomerization. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Scaringi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clément Mazet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Xue Y, Dong G. Total Synthesis of Penicibilaenes via C-C Activation-Enabled Skeleton Deconstruction and Desaturation Relay-Mediated C-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8272-8277. [PMID: 34038107 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the first total synthesis of sesquiterpene penicibilaenes A and B through a "C-C/C-H" approach. In the "C-C" stage, the Rh-catalyzed "cut-and-sew" transformation between trisubstituted alkene and cyclobutanone has been employed to construct the unique tricyclo[6.3.1.01,5]dodecane skeleton and the all-carbon quaternary center. Critical linker and Lewis acid effects have been identified for the C-C activation process. In the "C-H" stage, a desaturation relay-based strategy involving consecutive ketone α,β-dehydrogenation and β-functionalization has been adopted to introduce the 1,3,5-triad stereocenters to the core. The synthesis of penicibilaenes A and B has been completed in 13 and 14 steps, respectively, in the longest linear sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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