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Picazo-Frutos R, Sheberstov KF, Blanchard JW, Van Dyke E, Reh M, Sjoelander T, Pines A, Budker D, Barskiy DA. Zero-field J-spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4487. [PMID: 38802356 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) allows molecular structure elucidation via measurement of electron-mediated spin-spin J-couplings. This study examines zero-field J-spectra from molecules with quadrupolar nuclei, exemplified by solutions of various isotopologues of ammonium cations. The spectra reveal differences between various isotopologues upon extracting precise J-coupling values from pulse-acquire measurements. A primary isotope effect, △ J = γ 14 N / γ 15 N J 15 N H - J 14 N H ≈ - 58 mHz, is deduced by analysis of the proton-nitrogen J-coupling ratios. This study points toward further experiments with symmetric cations containing quadrupolar nuclei, promising applications in biomedicine, energy storage, and benchmarking quantum chemistry calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Picazo-Frutos
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kirill F Sheberstov
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Quantum Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Erik Van Dyke
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Moritz Reh
- Department of Physics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sjoelander
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA.
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2
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Fabricant AM, Put P, Barskiy DA. Proton relaxometry of tree leaves at hypogeomagnetic fields. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1352282. [PMID: 38525149 PMCID: PMC10957608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1352282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
We report on a cross-species proton-relaxometry study in ex vivo tree leaves using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at 7µT. Apart from the intrinsic interest of probing nuclear-spin relaxation in biological tissues at magnetic fields below Earth field, our setup enables comparative analysis of plant water dynamics without the use of expensive commercial spectrometers. In this work, we focus on leaves from common Eurasian evergreen and deciduous tree families: Pinaceae (pine, spruce), Taxaceae (yew), Betulaceae (hazel), Prunus (cherry), and Fagaceae (beech, oak). Using a nondestructive protocol, we measure their effective proton T 2 relaxation times as well as track the evolution of water content associated with leaf dehydration. Newly developed "gradiometric quadrature" detection and data-processing techniques are applied in order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the relatively weak measured signals. We find that while measured relaxation times do not vary significantly among tree genera, they tend to increase as leaves dehydrate. Such experimental modalities may have particular relevance for future drought-stress research in ecology, agriculture, and space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Fabricant
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Piotr Put
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
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3
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Fu Y, Jiao H, Sun J, Okoye CO, Zhang H, Li Y, Lu X, Wang Q, Liu J. Structure-activity relationships of bioactive polysaccharides extracted from macroalgae towards biomedical application: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121533. [PMID: 37985107 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are valuable and structurally diverse sources of bioactive compounds among marine resources. The cell walls of macroalgae are rich in polysaccharides which exhibit a wide range of biological activities, such as anticoagulant, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activities. Macroalgae polysaccharides (MPs) have been recognized as one of the most promising candidates in the biomedical field. However, the structure-activity relationships of bioactive polysaccharides extracted from macroalgae are complex and influenced by various factors. A clear understanding of these relationships is indeed critical in developing effective biomedical applications with MPs. In line with these challenges and knowledge gaps, this paper summarized the structural characteristics of marine MPs from different sources and relevant functional and bioactive properties and particularly highlighted those essential effects of the structure-bioactivity relationships presented in biomedical applications. This review not only focused on elucidating a particular action mechanism of MPs, but also intended to identify a novel or potential application of these valued compounds in the biomedical field in terms of their structural characteristics. In the last, the challenges and prospects of MPs in structure-bioactivity elucidation were further discussed and predicted, where they were emphasized on exploring modern biotechnology approaches potentially applied to expand their promising biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyi Fu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Water, Energy, Environment and Agrifood, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Haixin Jiao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Charles Obinwanne Okoye
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Li
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xuechu Lu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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4
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Wang B, Peng T, Jiang Z, Xu J, Qu J, Dai X. Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay with an Atomic Magnetometer. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4512-4520. [PMID: 37985186 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a simple point-of-care method for detecting various analytes. However, the lack of test result precision and poor quantification are the main bottlenecks of LFIA. Although magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained prominence as potent labels in LIFA, the quantitative detection method for trace biomarkers remains to be improved. Here, we propose a promising real-time biosensing platform based on a highly sensitive atomic magnetometer to fulfill the quantitative detection of MNP-based lateral flow immunochromatographic assays. The strategy entails obtaining the residual flux density component spectrum by continuously and linearly scanning the trace MNP label and then resolving the magnetization and quantity from the spectrum. Moreover, we exploit the theoretical model of the magnetic dipole to verify the method's reliability. Regarding carcinoembryonic antigen detection, the atomic magnetometer exhibits a low detection limit of ∼0.01 ng mL-1 with a 100-fold enhancement factor compared to optical detection methods and a more straightforward mechanism than other magnetic detection approaches. Together, these results provide valuable insight for the potential application of atomic magnetometer quantum measurement techniques in intelligent diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Wang
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinxin Xu
- China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jifeng Qu
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
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5
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Alcicek S, Put P, Kubrak A, Alcicek FC, Barskiy D, Gloeggler S, Dybas J, Pustelny S. Zero- to low-field relaxometry of chemical and biological fluids. Commun Chem 2023; 6:165. [PMID: 37542142 PMCID: PMC10403525 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is an analytical method that provides information about molecular environments, even for NMR "silent" molecules (spin-0), by analyzing the properties of NMR signals versus the magnitude of the longitudinal field. Conventionally, this technique is performed at fields much higher than Earth's magnetic field, but our work focuses on NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic fields (ZULFs). Operating under such conditions allows us to investigate slow (bio)chemical processes occurring on a timescale from milliseconds to seconds, which coincide with spin evolution. ZULFs also minimize T2 line broadening in heterogeneous samples resulting from magnetic susceptibility. Here, we use ZULF NMR relaxometry to analyze (bio)chemical compounds containing 1H-13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin pairs. We also detected high-quality ULF NMR spectra of human whole-blood at 0.8 μT, despite a shortening of spin relaxation by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). Information on proton relaxation times of blood, a potential early biomarker of inflammation, can be acquired in under a minute using inexpensive, portable/small-size NMR spectrometers based on atomic magnetometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Alcicek
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Institute of Neuroradiology, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Put
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Kubrak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Fatih Celal Alcicek
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Gloeggler
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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6
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Put P, Alcicek S, Bondar O, Bodek Ł, Duckett S, Pustelny S. Detection of pyridine derivatives by SABRE hyperpolarization at zero field. Commun Chem 2023; 6:131. [PMID: 37349558 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool used in modern science and technology. Its novel incarnation, based on measurements of NMR signals without external magnetic fields, provides direct access to intramolecular interactions based on heteronuclear scalar J-coupling. The uniqueness of these interactions makes each zero-field NMR spectrum distinct and useful in chemical fingerprinting. However, the necessity of heteronuclear coupling often results in weak signals due to the low abundance of certain nuclei (e.g., 15N). Hyperpolarization of such compounds may solve the problem. In this work, we investigate molecules with natural isotopic abundance that are polarized using non-hydrogenative parahydrogen-induced polarization. We demonstrate that spectra of hyperpolarized naturally abundant pyridine derivatives can be observed and uniquely identified whether the same substituent is placed at a different position of the pyridine ring or different constituents are placed at the same position. To do so, we constructed an experimental system using a home-built nitrogen vapor condenser, which allows for consistent long-term measurements, crucial for identifying naturally abundant hyperpolarized molecules at a concentration level of ~1 mM. This opens avenues for future chemical detection of naturally abundant compounds using zero-field NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Put
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
| | - Seyma Alcicek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Institute of Neuroradiology, Frankfurt am Main, 60528, Germany.
| | - Oksana Bondar
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Łukasz Bodek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
| | - Simon Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
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7
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Stern Q, Sheberstov K. Simulation of NMR spectra at zero and ultralow fields from A to Z - a tribute to Prof. Konstantin L'vovich Ivanov. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2023; 4:87-109. [PMID: 38650894 PMCID: PMC11034480 DOI: 10.5194/mr-4-87-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Simulating NMR experiments may appear mysterious and even daunting for those who are new to the field. Yet, broken down into pieces, the process may turn out to be easier than expected. Quite the opposite, it is in fact a powerful and playful means to get insights into the spin dynamics of NMR experiments. In this tutorial paper, we show step by step how some NMR experiments can be simulated, assuming as little prior knowledge from the reader as possible. We focus on the case of NMR at zero and ultralow fields, an emerging modality of NMR in which the spin dynamics are dominated by spin-spin interactions rather than spin-field interactions, as is usually the case with conventional high-field NMR. We first show how to simulate spectra numerically. In a second step, we detail an approach to construct an eigenbasis for systems of spin-1 / 2 nuclei at zero field. We then use it to interpret the numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCBL, CNRS, CRMN UMR 5082, 69100,
VILLEURBANNE, France
| | - Kirill Sheberstov
- Laboratoire des biomolécules (LBM), Département de chimie, École
normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris,
France
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8
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Perron S, Ouriadov A. Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI at low field: Current status and future directions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 348:107387. [PMID: 36731353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is dictated by the magnetization of the sample, and is thus a low-sensitivity imaging method. Inhalation of hyperpolarized (HP) noble gases, such as helium-3 and xenon-129, is a non-invasive, radiation-risk free imaging technique permitting high resolution imaging of the lungs and pulmonary functions, such as the lung microstructure, diffusion, perfusion, gas exchange, and dynamic ventilation. Instead of increasing the magnetic field strength, the higher spin polarization achievable from this method results in significantly higher net MR signal independent of tissue/water concentration. Moreover, the significantly longer apparent transverse relaxation time T2* of these HP gases at low magnetic field strengths results in fewer necessary radiofrequency (RF) pulses, permitting larger flip angles; this allows for high-sensitivity imaging of in vivo animal and human lungs at conventionally low (<0.5 T) field strengths and suggests that the low field regime is optimal for pulmonary MRI using hyperpolarized gases. In this review, theory on the common spin-exchange optical-pumping method of hyperpolarization and the field dependence of the MR signal of HP gases are presented, in the context of human lung imaging. The current state-of-the-art is explored, with emphasis on both MRI hardware (low field scanners, RF coils, and polarizers) and image acquisition techniques (pulse sequences) advancements. Common challenges surrounding imaging of HP gases and possible solutions are discussed, and the future of low field hyperpolarized gas MRI is posed as being a clinically-accessible and versatile imaging method, circumventing the siting restrictions of conventional high field scanners and bringing point-of-care pulmonary imaging to global facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Perron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Alexei Ouriadov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia
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10
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Picazo-Frutos R, Stern Q, Blanchard JW, Cala O, Ceillier M, Cousin SF, Eills J, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Budker D. Zero- to Ultralow-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enhanced with Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. Anal Chem 2023; 95:720-729. [PMID: 36563171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance is a modality of magnetic resonance experiment which does not require strong superconducting magnets. Contrary to conventional high-field nuclear magnetic resonance, it has the advantage of allowing high-resolution detection of nuclear magnetism through metal as well as within heterogeneous media. To achieve high sensitivity, it is common to couple zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance with hyperpolarization techniques. To date, the most common technique is parahydrogen-induced polarization, which is only compatible with a small number of compounds. In this article, we establish dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization as a versatile method to enhance signals in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on sample mixtures of [13C]sodium formate, [1-13C]glycine, and [2-13C]sodium acetate, and our technique is immediately extendable to a broad range of molecules with >1 s relaxation times. We find signal enhancements of up to 11,000 compared with thermal prepolarization in a 2 T permanent magnet. To increase the signal in future experiments, we investigate the relaxation effects of the TEMPOL radicals used for the hyperpolarization process at zero- and ultralow-fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Picazo-Frutos
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Olivier Cala
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - James Eills
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Stuart J Elliott
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France.,Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, LondonW12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
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11
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Pokochueva EV, Svyatova AI, Burueva DB, Koptyug IV. Chemistry of nuclear spin isomers of the molecules: from the past of the Universe to emerging technologies. Russ Chem Bull 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-023-3711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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12
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Kaseman DC, Batrice RJ, Williams RF. Detection of natural abundance 13C J-couplings at Earth's magnetic field for spin system differentiation of small organic molecules. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 342:107272. [PMID: 35917767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy routinely characterizes the unique spin systems of molecules using a combination of chemical shift and J-coupling interactions for the 1H and 13C nuclei. However, at Earth's magnetic field, chemical shifts are unresolvable and the ability to characterize structure relies solely on the J-couplings. Fortuitously, the J-couplings at Earth's field provides the same spin system information as high field, but only requires detection of the 1H nucleus. We report the first identification of the multiple natural abundance 1H-13C spin systems on organic molecules detected at Earth's magnetic field. The results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of Earth's field NMR to characterize small organic molecules without costly enrichment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick C Kaseman
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Rami J Batrice
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
| | - Robert F Williams
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
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13
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Van Dyke ET, Eills J, Picazo-Frutos R, Sheberstov KF, Hu Y, Budker D, Barskiy DA. Relayed hyperpolarization for zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9242. [PMID: 35857837 PMCID: PMC9299534 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) is a rapidly developing form of spectroscopy that provides rich spectroscopic information in the absence of large magnetic fields. However, signal acquisition still requires a mechanism for generating a bulk magnetic moment for detection, and the currently used methods only apply to a limited pool of chemicals or come at prohibitively high cost. We demonstrate that the parahydrogen-based SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange)-Relay method can be used as a more general means of generating hyperpolarized analytes for ZULF NMR by observing zero-field J-spectra of [13C]-methanol, [1-13C]-ethanol, and [2-13C]-ethanol in both 13C-isotopically enriched and natural abundance samples. We explore the magnetic field dependence of the SABRE-Relay efficiency and show the existence of a second maximum at 19.0 ± 0.3 mT. Despite presence of water, SABRE-Relay is used to hyperpolarize ethanol extracted from a store-bought sample of vodka (%PH ~ 0.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T. Van Dyke
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Román Picazo-Frutos
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kirill F. Sheberstov
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- École normale supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Yinan Hu
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
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14
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Allert RD, Briegel KD, Bucher DB. Advances in nano- and microscale NMR spectroscopy using diamond quantum sensors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8165-8181. [PMID: 35796253 PMCID: PMC9301930 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01546c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantum technologies have seen a rapid developmental surge over the last couple of years. Though often overshadowed by quantum computation, quantum sensors show tremendous potential for widespread applications in chemistry and biology. One system stands out in particular: the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, an atomic-sized sensor allowing the detection of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals at unprecedented length scales down to a single proton. In this article, we review the fundamentals of NV center-based quantum sensing and its distinct impact on nano- and microscale NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, we highlight possible future applications of this novel technology ranging from energy research, materials science, to single-cell biology, and discuss the associated challenges of these rapidly developing NMR sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin D Allert
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Karl D Briegel
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Dominik B Bucher
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
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15
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Blanchard JW, Ripka B, Suslick BA, Gelevski D, Wu T, Münnemann K, Barskiy DA, Budker D. Towards large-scale steady-state enhanced nuclear magnetization with in situ detection. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1208-1215. [PMID: 33826170 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) boosts NMR signals of various nuclei enabling new applications spanning from magnetic resonance imaging to analytical chemistry and fundamental physics. SABRE is especially well positioned for continuous generation of enhanced magnetization on a large scale; however, several challenges need to be addressed for accomplishing this goal. Specifically, SABRE requires (i) a specialized catalyst capable of reversible H2 activation and (ii) physical transfer of the sample from the point of magnetization generation to the point of detection (e.g., a high-field or a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectrometer). Moreover, (iii) continuous parahydrogen bubbling accelerates solvent (e.g., methanol) evaporation, thereby limiting the experimental window to tens of minutes per sample. In this work, we demonstrate a strategy to rapidly generate the best-to-date precatalyst (a compound that is chemically modified in the course of the reaction to yield the catalyst) for SABRE, [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis-[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]-imidazol-2-ylidene; COD = cyclooctadiene) via a highly accessible synthesis. Second, we measure hyperpolarized samples using a home-built zero-field NMR spectrometer and study the field dependence of hyperpolarization directly in the detection apparatus, eliminating the need to physically move the sample during the experiment. Finally, we prolong the measurement time and reduce evaporation by presaturating parahydrogen with the solvent vapor before bubbling into the sample. These advancements extend opportunities for exploring SABRE hyperpolarization by researchers from various fields and pave the way to producing large quantities of hyperpolarized material for long-lasting detection of SABRE-derived nuclear magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Ripka
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Dario Gelevski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Münnemann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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16
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Alcicek S, Put P, Barskiy D, Kontul V, Pustelny S. Zero-Field NMR of Urea: Spin-Topology Engineering by Chemical Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10671-10676. [PMID: 34705470 PMCID: PMC8573776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Well-resolved and information-rich J-spectra are the foundation for chemical detection in zero-field NMR. However, even for relatively small molecules, spectra exhibit complexity, hindering the analysis. To address this problem, we investigate an example biomolecule with a complex J-coupling network─urea, a key metabolite in protein catabolism─and demonstrate ways of simplifying its zero-field spectra by modifying spin topology. This goal is achieved by controlling pH-dependent chemical exchange rates of 1H nuclei and varying the composition of the D2O/H2O mixture used as a solvent. Specifically, we demonstrate that by increasing the proton exchange rate in the [13C,15N2]-urea solution, the spin system simplifies, manifesting through a single narrow spectral peak. Additionally, we show that the spectra of 1H/D isotopologues of [15N2]-urea can be understood easily by analyzing isolated spin subsystems. This study paves the way for zero-field NMR detection of complex biomolecules, particularly in biofluids with a high concentration of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Alcicek
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Put
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Helmholtz
Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center
for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kontul
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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