1
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Analysis of the interaction between chitosan with different molecular weights and casein based on optical interferometry. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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2
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Yucesoy D, Akkineni S, Tamerler C, Hinds BJ, Sarikaya M. Solid-Binding Peptide-Guided Spatially Directed Immobilization of Kinetically Matched Enzyme Cascades in Membrane Nanoreactors. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27129-27139. [PMID: 34693133 PMCID: PMC8529655 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis is a useful strategy for sustainable green synthesis of fine chemicals due to its high catalytic rate, reaction specificity, and operation under ambient conditions. Addressable immobilization of enzymes onto solid supports for one-pot multistep biocatalysis, however, remains a major challenge. In natural pathways, enzymes are spatially coupled to prevent side reactions, eradicate inhibitory products, and channel metabolites sequentially from one enzyme to another. Construction of a modular immobilization platform enabling spatially directed assembly of multiple biocatalysts would, therefore, not only allow the development of high-efficiency bioreactors but also provide novel synthetic routes for chemical synthesis. In this study, we developed a modular cascade flow reactor using a generalizable solid-binding peptide-directed immobilization strategy that allows selective immobilization of fusion enzymes on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) monoliths with high positional precision. Here, the lactate dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase enzymes were fused with substrate-specific peptides to facilitate their self-immobilization through the membrane channels in cascade geometry. Using this cascade model, two-step biocatalytic production of l-lactate is demonstrated with concomitant regeneration of soluble nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Both fusion enzymes retained their catalytic activity upon immobilization, suggesting their optimal display on the support surface. The 85% cascading reaction efficiency was achieved at a flow rate that kinetically matches the residence time of the slowest enzyme. In addition, 84% of initial catalytic activity was preserved after 10 days of continuous operation at room temperature. The peptide-directed modular approach described herein is a highly effective strategy to control surface orientation, spatial localization, and loading of multiple enzymes on solid supports. The implications of this work provide insight for the single-step construction of high-power cascadic devices by enabling co-expression, purification, and immobilization of a variety of engineered fusion enzymes on patterned surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz
T. Yucesoy
- Department
of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Susrut Akkineni
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Candan Tamerler
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Bruce J. Hinds
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mehmet Sarikaya
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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3
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Ping J, Wu W, Qi L, Liu J, Liu J, Zhao B, Wang Q, Yu L, Lin JM, Hu Q. Hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor for the detection of trypsin in human serum. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113548. [PMID: 34385014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The detection of trypsin and its inhibitor is significantly important for both clinical diagnosis and disease treatment. Herein, we demonstrate a hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor for the detection of trypsin and its inhibitor for the first time. The gelatin hydrogel is hydrolyzed based on the gel-to-sol transition in the presence of trypsin, which results in the release of the trapped water molecules in the gelatin hydrogel. By placing one end of a pH indicator strip onto the hydrolyzed gelatin hydrogel, water is flowing along the pH indicator strip. However, in the absence of trypsin, water cannot flow along the pH indicator strip as the water molecules are trapped in the gelatin hydrogel. The detection limit of the system reaches as low as 1.0 × 10-6 mg/mL, and it is also applied to the quantitative detection of trypsin in human serum. In addition, the detection of a clinical drug aprotinin that is an inhibitor of trypsin is also successfully achieved. Noteworthy, only the gelatin hydrogel, pH indicator strip, and PS substrate are needed to fulfill the detection of trypsin without the need of other chemicals or reagents. Overall, we develop a particularly simple, elegant, robust, competitive, high-throughput, and low-cost approach for the rapid and label-free detection of trypsin and its inhibitor, which is very promising in the development of commercial products for sensing, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical applications. Besides, the hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor can also be employed to detect other analytes of interest by use of different stimuli-responsive hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Ping
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenli Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Lubin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Binglu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Quanbo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
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4
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Zhou L, Wang L, Ma N, Wu F, Wan Y, Zhang Y, Qian W. Construction of lipid layer and monitoring its digestion by optical interferometry. Food Chem 2021; 366:130553. [PMID: 34284194 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A method for real-time monitoring of lipid digestion based on photonic crystals formed from silica was developed. As an effective "net", the highly ordered silica colloidal crystal (SCC) film provides structural support for lipid payload. This method based on optical interferometric film kinetics was used to record the whole kinetics progress of olive oil hydrolysis by lipase in real time and calculate the kinetic Michaelis constant. The kinetic parameters were compared with the results determined by the titration method. The effects of bile salt content on lipase and olive oil layer were studied. This method provides a potential evaluation system for real-time digestion and degradation of edible oil in the food field. It also provides a basis for further real-time evaluation of lipid bioavailability in food systems by real-time recording the release and degradation of lipids in the food nano-matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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5
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Liu S, Tian J, Zhang W. Fabrication and application of nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:222001. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe25f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Due to the unique optical and electrochemical properties, large surface area, tunable properties, and high thermal stability, nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) has become one of the most popular materials with a large potential to develop emerging applications in numerous areas, including biosensors, desalination, high-risk pollutants detection, capacitors, solar cell devices, photonic crystals, template-assisted fabrication of nanostructures, and so on. This review covers the mechanism of AAO formation, manufacturing technology, the relationship between the properties of AAO and fabrication conditions, and applications of AAO. Properties of AAO, like pore diameter, interpore distance, wall thickness, and anodized aluminum layer thickness, can be fully controlled by fabrication conditions, including electrolyte, applied voltage, anodizing and widening time. Generally speaking, the pore diameter of AAO will affect its specific application to a large extent. Moreover, manufacturing technology like one/two/multi step anodization, nanoimprint lithography anodization, and pulse/cyclic anodization also have a major impact on overall array arrangement. The review aims to provide a perspective overview of the relationship between applications and their corresponding AAO pore sizes, systematically. And the review also focuses on the strategies by which the structures and functions of AAO can be utilized.
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferre-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Advances in Optical Biosensors and Sensors Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5068. [PMID: 32906635 PMCID: PMC7570681 DOI: 10.3390/s20185068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review paper focuses on recent progress in optical biosensors using self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina. We present the fabrication of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina, surface functionalization, and optical sensor applications. We show that self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina has good potential for use in the fabrication of antibody-based (immunosensor), aptamer-based (aptasensor), gene-based (genosensor), peptide-based, and enzyme-based optical biosensors. The fabricated optical biosensors presented high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, we also showed that the performance of the biosensors and the self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina can be used for assessing biomolecules, heavy ions, and gas molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.A.T.); (J.F.-B.)
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Zamrik I, Bayat H, Alhusaini Q, Raoufi M, Schönherr H. In Situ Study of Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition in Nanopores of Anodic Aluminum Oxide by Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:1907-1915. [PMID: 32009415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The modification of cylindrical anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores by alternating layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of poly(sodium-4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) was studied in situ by reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). In particular, the kinetics of polyelectrolyte deposition inside the pores with a diameter of 37 ± 3 nm and a length of 3.7 ± 0.3 μm were unraveled, and potential differences in the LBL multilayer growth compared to flat silicon substrates as well as the effect of different ionic strengths and different types of ions were investigated. RIfS measures the effective optical thicknesses, which is-for a constant pore length-proportional to the effective refractive index of the AAO sample, from which, in turn, the deposited mass of the polymer or the corresponding layer thickness can be estimated. Compared to the multilayer growth by the LBL deposition on the flat aminosilane-primed silicon wafers, which was assessed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, the thickness increment per deposited bilayer, as well as the dependence of this increment on the ionic strength (0.01-0.15) and the counterion type (Na+ vs Ca2+) inside the aminosilane-primed nanopores, was for the first bilayers to within the experimental error identical. For thicker multilayers, the pore diameter became smaller, which led to reduced thickness increments and eventually virtually completely filled the pores. The observed kinetics is consistent with the mass-transport-limited adsorption of the polyelectrolyte to the charged surface according to a Langmuir isotherm with a negligible desorption rate. In addition to fundamental insights into the buildup of polyelectrolyte multilayers inside the AAO nanopores, our results highlight the sensitivity of RIfS and its use as an analytical tool for probing processes inside the nanopores and for the development of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Zamrik
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Haider Bayat
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Qasim Alhusaini
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1416753955Tehran, Iran
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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8
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Remote biosensor for the determination of trypsin by using nanoporous anodic alumina as a three-dimensional nanostructured material. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2356. [PMID: 32047212 PMCID: PMC7012875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of trypsin in the human real sample is a routine medical investigation to assess the pancreatic disease. Herein, we fabricated an interferometric reflectance spectroscopy based biosensor for the determination trypsin. For this purpose, urease and fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FLITC) were immobilized on the nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA). The operation principle of the proposed biosensor is based on the change in the pH of the solution during the reaction of urease and urea and therefore change in the light-absorbing ability of FLITC in the presence of trypsin. The reaction of the urease enzyme with urea increased the pH of the solution because of producing ammonia. This increase in the pH of solution increased the light-absorbing ability of the immobilized FLITC on NAA and therefore the intensity of the reflected light from the NAA to the charge-coupled device detector decreased. In the presence of trypsin, the catalytic activity of immobilized urease on NAA decreased. This decrease in the activity of urease enzyme consequent on the decrease in the amount of the generated ammonia. Therefore, the immobilized FLITC on the NAA did not absorb more light and consciously, the intensity of the light reflected light into the detector increased. The proposed biosensor exhibited a good response to the concentration of trypsin in the range of 0.25–20 μg.mL−1 with the limit of detection of 0.06 μg.mL−1.
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9
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Su Q, Wu F, Xu P, Dong A, Liu C, Wan Y, Qian W. Interference Effect of Silica Colloidal Crystal Films and Their Applications to Biosensing. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6080-6087. [PMID: 30994327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to develop better and more reliable interference effective substrates, silica colloidal crystal films with different sphere diameters and film thicknesses were successfully made by an improved vertical deposition method and a systematic investigation of their reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) properties are presented in this work. The influence of silica sphere diameter and film thickness on the RIfS signals was studied. The results showed that the film thickness is the key factor of RIfS signals. An RIfS system was set up by using a silica colloidal crystal film as an interference effective substrate. The influence of film thickness on the response to refractive index changes of the proposed system was also investigated. When the influence of film thickness on RIfS signals and refractive index response we considered together, silica colloidal crystal films with a thickness between 4 and 6 μm were chosen for sensor construction. Monitoring the digestive process of gelatin with trypsin was also demonstrated by combining gelatin-modified silica colloidal crystal films with RIfS. The system showed excellent sensitivity with a wide linear range and could achieve real-time measurement of each process. It has been proved that this is a promising method to construct biosensors using silica colloidal crystal films as interference-sensitive substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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10
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Real-Time Interferometric Refractive Index Change Measurement for the Direct Detection of Enzymatic Reactions and the Determination of Enzyme Kinetics. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19030539. [PMID: 30696020 PMCID: PMC6387378 DOI: 10.3390/s19030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Back scatter interferometry (BSI) is a sensitive method for detecting changes in the bulk refractive index of a solution in a microfluidic system. Here we demonstrate that BSI can be used to directly detect enzymatic reactions and, for the first time, derive kinetic parameters. While many methods in biomedical assays rely on detectable biproducts to produce a signal, direct detection is possible if the substrate or the product exert distinct differences in their specific refractive index so that the total refractive index changes during the enzymatic reaction. In this study, both the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, catalyzed by hexokinase, and the conversion of adenosine-triphosphate to adenosine di-phosphate and mono-phosphate, catalyzed by apyrase, were monitored by BSI. When adding hexokinase to glucose solutions containing adenosine-triphosphate, the conversion can be directly followed by BSI, which shows the increasing refractive index and a final plateau corresponding to the particular concentration. From the initial reaction velocities, KM was found to be 0.33 mM using Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The experiments with apyrase indicate that the refractive index also depends on the presence of various ions that must be taken into account when using this technique. This study clearly demonstrates that measuring changes in the refractive index can be used for the direct determination of substrate concentrations and enzyme kinetics.
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Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Voelcker NH, Santos A. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals for Optical Chemo- and Biosensing: Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E788. [PMID: 30287772 PMCID: PMC6215225 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical sensors are a class of devices that enable the identification and/or quantification of analyte molecules across multiple fields and disciplines such as environmental protection, medical diagnosis, security, food technology, biotechnology, and animal welfare. Nanoporous photonic crystal (PC) structures provide excellent platforms to develop such systems for a plethora of applications since these engineered materials enable precise and versatile control of light⁻matter interactions at the nanoscale. Nanoporous PCs provide both high sensitivity to monitor in real-time molecular binding events and a nanoporous matrix for selective immobilization of molecules of interest over increased surface areas. Nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA), a nanomaterial long envisaged as a PC, is an outstanding platform material to develop optical sensing systems in combination with multiple photonic technologies. Nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals (NAA-PCs) provide a versatile nanoporous structure that can be engineered in a multidimensional fashion to create unique PC sensing platforms such as Fabry⁻Pérot interferometers, distributed Bragg reflectors, gradient-index filters, optical microcavities, and others. The effective medium of NAA-PCs undergoes changes upon interactions with analyte molecules. These changes modify the NAA-PCs' spectral fingerprints, which can be readily quantified to develop different sensing systems. This review introduces the fundamental development of NAA-PCs, compiling the most significant advances in the use of these optical materials for chemo- and biosensing applications, with a final prospective outlook about this exciting and dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Melbourne 3168, Australia.
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Melbourne 3168, Australia.
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
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Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Marsal LF, Santos A. Structural tailoring of nanoporous anodic alumina optical microcavities for enhanced resonant recirculation of light. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14139-14152. [PMID: 29999512 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04263b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study about the structural engineering of high quality nanoporous anodic alumina optical microcavities (NAA-μCVs) fabricated by rationally designed anodisation strategies to enhance the light-confining capabilities of these photonic crystal (PC) structures is presented. Two types of NAA-μCV architectures are produced: (i) GIF-NAA-μCVs composed of a cavity layer featuring straight nanopores that is sandwiched between two gradient-index filters (GIFs) with sinusoidally modulated porosity in depth, and (ii) DBR-NAA-μCVs formed by sandwiching a cavity layer with straight nanopores between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), in which the porosity is engineered in a stepwise fashion. The geometric features of GIF-NAA-μCVs and DBR-NAA-μCVs are engineered and optimised through a systematic modification of the anodisation parameters (i.e. cavity anodisation time, cavity anodisation current density, anodisation period and number of anodisation pulses, and pore widening time). This methodology enables fine-tuning of the optical properties of GIF-NAA-μCVs and DBR-NAA-μCVs, such as quality factor and position and width of resonance band, to generate NAA-μCVs with unprecedented quality factors (i.e. 170 ± 8 and 206 ± 10 for the first and second order resonance bands - threefold and fourfold quality enhancement as compared to previous studies). Our results demonstrate that an optimal design of the geometric features and the nanoporous architecture of NAA-μCVs can significantly enhance resonant recirculation of light within these PC structures, creating new opportunities to develop ultrasensitive optical platforms, highly selective optical filters, and other photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lluís F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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13
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Fabrication and Optimization of Bilayered Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Structures as Multi-Point Interferometric Sensing Platform. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020470. [PMID: 29415436 PMCID: PMC5855889 DOI: 10.3390/s18020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present an innovative strategy for optimizing hierarchical structures of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) to advance their optical sensing performance toward multi-analyte biosensing. This approach is based on the fabrication of multilayered NAA and the formation of differential effective medium of their structure by controlling three fabrication parameters (i.e., anodization steps, anodization time, and pore widening time). The rationale of the proposed concept is that interferometric bilayered NAA (BL-NAA), which features two layers of different pore diameters, can provide distinct reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) signatures for each layer within the NAA structure and can therefore potentially be used for multi-point biosensing. This paper presents the structural fabrication of layered NAA structures, and the optimization and evaluation of their RIfS optical sensing performance through changes in the effective optical thickness (EOT) using quercetin as a model molecule. The bilayered or funnel-like NAA structures were designed with the aim of characterizing the sensitivity of both layers of quercetin molecules using RIfS and exploring the potential of these photonic structures, featuring different pore diameters, for simultaneous size-exclusion and multi-analyte optical biosensing. The sensing performance of the prepared NAA platforms was examined by real-time screening of binding reactions between human serum albumin (HSA)-modified NAA (i.e., sensing element) and quercetin (i.e., analyte). BL-NAAs display a complex optical interference spectrum, which can be resolved by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to monitor the EOT changes, where three distinctive peaks were revealed corresponding to the top, bottom, and total layer within the BL-NAA structures. The spectral shifts of these three characteristic peaks were used as sensing signals to monitor the binding events in each NAA pore in real-time upon exposure to different concentrations of quercetin. The multi-point sensing performance of BL-NAAs was determined for each pore layer, with an average sensitivity and low limit of detection of 600 nm (mg mL−1)−1 and 0.14 mg mL−1, respectively. BL-NAAs photonic structures have the capability to be used as platforms for multi-point RIfS sensing of biomolecules that can be further extended for simultaneous size-exclusion separation and multi-analyte sensing using these bilayered nanostructures.
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Law CS, Sylvia GM, Nemati M, Yu J, Losic D, Abell AD, Santos A. Engineering of Surface Chemistry for Enhanced Sensitivity in Nanoporous Interferometric Sensing Platforms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8929-8940. [PMID: 28240862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We explore new approaches to engineering the surface chemistry of interferometric sensing platforms based on nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) and reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). Two surface engineering strategies are presented, namely (i) selective chemical functionalization of the inner surface of NAA pores with amine-terminated thiol molecules and (ii) selective chemical functionalization of the top surface of NAA with dithiol molecules. The strong molecular interaction of Au3+ ions with thiol-containing functional molecules of alkane chain or peptide character provides a model sensing system with which to assess the sensitivity of these NAA platforms by both molecular feature and surface engineering. Changes in the effective optical thickness of the functionalized NAA photonic films (i.e., sensing principle), in response to gold ions, are monitored in real-time by RIfS. 6-Amino-1-hexanethiol (inner surface) and 1,6-hexanedithiol (top surface), the most sensitive functional molecules from approaches i and ii, respectively, were combined into a third sensing strategy whereby the NAA platforms are functionalized on both the top and inner surfaces concurrently. Engineering of the surface according to this approach resulted in an additive enhancement in sensitivity of up to 5-fold compared to previously reported systems. This study advances the rational engineering of surface chemistry for interferometric sensing on nanoporous platforms with potential applications for real-time monitoring of multiple analytes in dynamic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Georgina M Sylvia
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Madieh Nemati
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jingxian Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Ertürk G, Hedström M, Mattiasson B. A sensitive and real-time assay of trypsin by using molecular imprinting-based capacitive biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:557-565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Nemati M, Santos A, Law CS, Losic D. Assessment of Binding Affinity between Drugs and Human Serum Albumin Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5971-80. [PMID: 27128744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report an innovative approach aiming to assess the binding affinity between drug molecules and human serum albumin by combining nanoporous anodic alumina rugate filters (NAA-RFs) modified with human serum albumin (HSA) and reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). NAA-RFs are photonic crystal structures produced by sinusoidal pulse anodization of aluminum that present two characteristic optical parameters, the characteristic reflection peak (λPeak), and the effective optical thickness of the film (OTeff), which can be readily used as sensing parameters. A design of experiments strategy and an ANOVA analysis are used to establish the effect of the anodization parameters (i.e., anodization period and anodization offset) on the sensitivity of HSA-modified NAA-RFs toward indomethacin, a model drug. To this end, two sensing parameters are used, that is, shifts in the characteristic reflection peak (ΔλPeak) and changes in the effective optical thickness of the film (ΔOTeff). Subsequently, optimized NAA-RFs are used as sensing platforms to determine the binding affinity between a set of drugs (i.e., indomethacin, coumarin, sulfadymethoxine, warfarin, and salicylic acid) and HSA molecules. Our results verify that the combination of HSA-modified NAA-RFs with RIfS can be used as a portable, low-cost, and simple system for establishing the binding affinity between drugs and plasma proteins, which is a critical factor to develop efficient medicines for treating a broad range of diseases and medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Nemati
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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