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Afting C, Walther T, Drozdowski OM, Schlagheck C, Schwarz US, Wittbrodt J, Göpfrich K. DNA microbeads for spatio-temporally controlled morphogen release within organoids. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01779-y. [PMID: 39251862 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Organoids are transformative in vitro model systems that mimic features of the corresponding tissue in vivo. However, across tissue types and species, organoids still often fail to reach full maturity and function because biochemical cues cannot be provided from within the organoid to guide their development. Here we introduce nanoengineered DNA microbeads with tissue mimetic tunable stiffness for implementing spatio-temporally controlled morphogen gradients inside of organoids at any point in their development. Using medaka retinal organoids and early embryos, we show that DNA microbeads can be integrated into embryos and organoids by microinjection and erased in a non-invasive manner with light. Coupling a recombinant surrogate Wnt to the DNA microbeads, we demonstrate the spatio-temporally controlled morphogen release from the microinjection site, which leads to morphogen gradients resulting in the formation of retinal pigmented epithelium while maintaining neuroretinal cell types. Thus, we bioengineered retinal organoids to more closely mirror the cell type diversity of in vivo retinae. Owing to the facile, one-pot fabrication process, the DNA microbead technology can be adapted to other organoid systems for improved tissue mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassian Afting
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg International Biosciences Graduate School HBIGS, Heidelberg, Germany
- HeiKa Graduate School on "Functional Materials", Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Walther
- HeiKa Graduate School on "Functional Materials", Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver M Drozdowski
- BioQuant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck School Matter to Life, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Schlagheck
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg International Biosciences Graduate School HBIGS, Heidelberg, Germany
- HeiKa Graduate School on "Functional Materials", Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schwarz
- BioQuant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Göpfrich
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
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2
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Hatami H, Rahiman N, Mohammadi M. Oligonucleotide based nanogels for cancer therapeutics. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131401. [PMID: 38582467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based nanogels, as nascent biomaterials, possess several unique functional, structural, and physicochemical features with excellent drug-loading capacity and high potential for cancer gene therapy. Ongoing studies utilizing oligonucleotide-based nanogels hold great promise, as these cutting-edge nanoplatforms can be elegantly developed with predesigned oligonucleotide sequences and complementary strands which are self-assembled or chemically crosslinked leading to the development of nanogels with predictable shape and tunable size with the desired functional properties. Current paper provides a summary of the properties, preparation methods, and applications of oligonucleotide-based nanogels in cancer therapy. The review is focused on both conventional and modified forms of oligonucleotide-based nanogels, including targeted nanogels, smart release nanogels (responsive to stimuli such as pH, temperature, and enzymes), as well as nanogels used for gene delivery. Their application in cancer immunotherapy and vaccination, photodynamic therapy, and diagnostic applications when combined with other nanoparticles is further discussed. Despite emerging designs in the development of oligonucleotide based nanogels, this field of study is still in its infancy, and clinical translation of these versatile nano-vehicles might face challenges. Hence, extensive research must be performed on in vivo behavior of such platforms determining their biodistribution, biological fate, and acute/subacute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Hatami
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rahiman
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohammadi
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Mariconti M, Dechamboux L, Heckmann M, Gros J, Morel M, Escriou V, Baigl D, Hoffmann C, Rudiuk S. Intracellular Delivery of Functional Proteins with DNA-Protein Nanogels-Lipids Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5118-5127. [PMID: 38363821 PMCID: PMC10910493 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Using functional proteins for therapeutic purposes due to their high selectivity and/or catalytic properties can enable the control of various cellular processes; however, the transport of active proteins inside living cells remains a major challenge. In contrast, intracellular delivery of nucleic acids has become a routine method for a number of applications in gene therapy, genome editing, or immunization. Here we report a functionalizable platform constituting of DNA-protein nanogel carriers cross-linked through streptavidin-biotin or streptactin-biotin interactions and demonstrate its applicability for intracellular delivery of active proteins. We show that the nanogels can be loaded with proteins bearing either biotin, streptavidin, or strep-tag, and the resulting functionalized nanogels can be delivered into living cells after complexation with cationic lipid vectors. We use this approach for delivery of alkaline phosphatase enzyme, which is shown to keep its catalytic activity after internalization by mouse melanoma B16 cells, as demonstrated by the DDAO-phosphate assay. The resulting functionalized nanogels have dimensions on the order of 100 nm, contain around 100 enzyme molecules, and are shown to be transfectable at low lipid concentrations (charge ratio R± = 0.75). This ensures the low toxicity of our system, which in combination with high local enzyme concentration (∼100 μM) underlines potential interest of this nanoplatform for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mariconti
- PASTEUR,
UMR8640, Department of Chemistry, PSL University,
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005 France
| | | | - Marion Heckmann
- Université
Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, UTCBS, Paris 75006, France
| | - Julien Gros
- PASTEUR,
UMR8640, Department of Chemistry, PSL University,
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005 France
| | - Mathieu Morel
- PASTEUR,
UMR8640, Department of Chemistry, PSL University,
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005 France
| | | | - Damien Baigl
- PASTEUR,
UMR8640, Department of Chemistry, PSL University,
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005 France
| | - Céline Hoffmann
- Université
Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, UTCBS, Paris 75006, France
| | - Sergii Rudiuk
- PASTEUR,
UMR8640, Department of Chemistry, PSL University,
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005 France
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4
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Hu Y, Gao S, Lu H, Tan S, Chen F, Ke Y, Ying JY. A Self-Immolative DNA Nanogel Vaccine toward Cancer Immunotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9778-9787. [PMID: 37877690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of precisely engineered vehicles for intracellular delivery and the controlled release of payloads remains a challenge. DNA-based nanomaterials offer a promising solution based on the A-T-G-C alphabet-dictated predictable assembly and high programmability. Herein, we present a self-immolative DNA nanogel vaccine, which can be tracelessly released in the intracellular compartments and activate the immune response. Three building blocks with cytosine-rich overhang domains are designed to self-assemble into a DNA nanogel framework with a controlled size. Two oligo agonists and one antigen peptide are conjugated to the building blocks via an acid-labile chemical linker. Upon internalization into acidic endosomes, the formation of i-motif configurations leads to dissociation of the DNA nanogel vaccine. The acid-labile chemical linker is cleaved, releasing the agonists and antigen in their traceless original form to activate antigen-presenting cells and an immune response. This study presents a novel strategy for constructing delivery platforms for intracellularly stimuli-triggered traceless release of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Hu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shujun Gao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongfang Lu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Susi Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yujie Ke
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jackie Y Ying
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
- Bioengineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Altuntaş E, Özkan B, Güngör S, Özsoy Y. Biopolymer-Based Nanogel Approach in Drug Delivery: Basic Concept and Current Developments. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1644. [PMID: 37376092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their increased surface area, extent of swelling and active substance-loading capacity and flexibility, nanogels made from natural and synthetic polymers have gained significant interest in scientific and industrial areas. In particular, the customized design and implementation of nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable micro/nano carriers makes their usage very feasible for a range of biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bioimaging. The design and application methodologies of nanogels are outlined in this review. Additionally, the most recent advancements in nanogel biomedical applications are discussed, with particular emphasis on applications for the delivery of drugs and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Altuntaş
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Burcu Özkan
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sevgi Güngör
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yıldız Özsoy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Türkiye
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Jäkel AC, Heymann M, Simmel FC. Multiscale Biofabrication: Integrating Additive Manufacturing with DNA-Programmable Self-Assembly. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200195. [PMID: 36328598 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Structure and hierarchical organization are crucial elements of biological systems and are likely required when engineering synthetic biomaterials with life-like behavior. In this context, additive manufacturing techniques like bioprinting have become increasingly popular. However, 3D bioprinting, as well as other additive manufacturing techniques, show limited resolution, making it difficult to yield structures on the sub-cellular level. To be able to form macroscopic synthetic biological objects with structuring on this level, manufacturing techniques have to be used in conjunction with biomolecular nanotechnology. Here, a short overview of both topics and a survey of recent advances to combine additive manufacturing with microfabrication techniques and bottom-up self-assembly involving DNA, are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Jäkel
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Michael Heymann
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Friedrich C Simmel
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
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Li Y, Champion JA. Self-assembling nanocarriers from engineered proteins: Design, functionalization, and application for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114462. [PMID: 35934126 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling proteins are valuable building blocks for constructing drug nanocarriers due to their self-assembly behavior, monodispersity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Genetic and chemical modifications allow for modular design of protein nanocarriers with effective drug encapsulation, targetability, stimuli responsiveness, and in vivo half-life. Protein nanocarriers have been developed to deliver various therapeutic molecules including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids with proven in vitro and in vivo efficacy. This article reviews recent advances in protein nanocarriers that are not derived from natural protein nanostructures, such as protein cages or virus like particles. The protein nanocarriers described here are self-assembled from rationally or de novo designed recombinant proteins, as well as recombinant proteins complexed with other biomolecules, presenting properties that are unique from those of natural protein carriers. Design, functionalization, and therapeutic application of protein nanocarriers will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Li
- BioEngineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
| | - Julie A Champion
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States; BioEngineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States.
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Abstract
Recent years have seen substantial efforts aimed at constructing artificial cells from various molecular components with the aim of mimicking the processes, behaviours and architectures found in biological systems. Artificial cell development ultimately aims to produce model constructs that progress our understanding of biology, as well as forming the basis for functional bio-inspired devices that can be used in fields such as therapeutic delivery, biosensing, cell therapy and bioremediation. Typically, artificial cells rely on a bilayer membrane chassis and have fluid aqueous interiors to mimic biological cells. However, a desire to more accurately replicate the gel-like properties of intracellular and extracellular biological environments has driven increasing efforts to build cell mimics based on hydrogels. This has enabled researchers to exploit some of the unique functional properties of hydrogels that have seen them deployed in fields such as tissue engineering, biomaterials and drug delivery. In this Review, we explore how hydrogels can be leveraged in the context of artificial cell development. We also discuss how hydrogels can potentially be incorporated within the next generation of artificial cells to engineer improved biological mimics and functional microsystems.
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