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You Y, Lin S, Tang C, Li Y, Yan D, Wang D, Chen X. Dual-/multi-organelle-targeted AIE probes associated with oxidative stress for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8812-8824. [PMID: 39150370 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01440e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of biological processes between different organelles upon oxidative stress is one of the most important research hotspots. Fluorescence imaging is especially suitable for biomedical applications due to its distinct advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, high sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and in situ monitoring capabilities. However, most fluorescent probes can only achieve light-up imaging of single organelles, thus the combined use of two or more probes is usually required for monitoring biological processes between organelles, which can suffer from tedious staining and washing procedures, increased cytotoxicity and poor photostability. Exogenetic oxidants can affect broad-spectrum subcellular organelles, which are not conducive to in situ monitoring of biological processes between specific organelles. To tackle these challenges, a series of dual-/multi-organelle-targeted aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes associated with oxidative stress have been designed and developed in the past few years. Herein, the recent progress of these AIE probes is summarized in biomedical applications, such as apoptosis monitoring, interplay between organelles, microenvironmental changes of organelles, organelle morphology tracking, precise cancer therapy, and so forth. Moreover, the further outlook for dual-/multi-organelle-targeted AIE probes is discussed, aiming to promote innovative research in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan You
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Songling Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yuchao Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Dingyuan Yan
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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2
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Lamon S, Yu H, Zhang Q, Gu M. Lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles for low-energy super-resolution applications. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 39277593 PMCID: PMC11401911 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Energy-intensive technologies and high-precision research require energy-efficient techniques and materials. Lens-based optical microscopy technology is useful for low-energy applications in the life sciences and other fields of technology, but standard techniques cannot achieve applications at the nanoscale because of light diffraction. Far-field super-resolution techniques have broken beyond the light diffraction limit, enabling 3D applications down to the molecular scale and striving to reduce energy use. Typically targeted super-resolution techniques have achieved high resolution, but the high light intensity needed to outperform competing optical transitions in nanomaterials may result in photo-damage and high energy consumption. Great efforts have been made in the development of nanomaterials to improve the resolution and efficiency of these techniques toward low-energy super-resolution applications. Lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles that exhibit multiple long-lived excited energy states and emit upconversion luminescence have enabled the development of targeted super-resolution techniques that need low-intensity light. The use of lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles in these techniques for emerging low-energy super-resolution applications will have a significant impact on life sciences and other areas of technology. In this review, we describe the dynamics of lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution under low-intensity light and their use in targeted super-resolution techniques. We highlight low-energy super-resolution applications of lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles, as well as the related research directions and challenges. Our aim is to analyze targeted super-resolution techniques using lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles, emphasizing fundamental mechanisms governing transitions in lanthanide ions to surpass the diffraction limit with low-intensity light, and exploring their implications for low-energy nanoscale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lamon
- School of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haoyi Yu
- School of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Zhang
- School of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Gu
- School of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Liu B, Sun T, Wang Y, Xia XY, Cao S, Wang KN, Chen Q, Mao ZW. Real-Time Monitoring of mtDNA Aggregation and Mitophagy Induced by a Fluorescent Platinum Complex in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2024; 96:13421-13428. [PMID: 39109704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is pivotal for mitochondrial morphology and function. Upon mtDNA damage, mitochondria undergo quality control mechanisms, including fusion, fission, and mitophagy. Real-time monitoring of mtDNA enables a deeper understanding of its effect on mitochondrial function and morphology. Controllable induction and real-time tracking of mtDNA dynamics and behavior are of paramount significance for studying mitochondrial function and morphology, facilitating a deeper understanding of mitochondria-related diseases. In this work, a fluorescent platinum complex was designed and developed that not only induces mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) aggregation but also triggers mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) through the MDV pathway for damaged mtDNA clearance in living cells. Additionally, this complex allows for the real-time monitoring of these processes. This complex may serve as a valuable tool for studying mitochondrial microautophagy and holds promise for broader applications in cellular imaging and disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ting Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shixian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qixin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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4
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Zhao T, Liu X, Nepal D, Park K, Vaia R, Nealey P, Knappenberger KL. Resolving plasmon-mediated high-order multiphoton excitation pathways in dolmen nanostructures using ultrafast nonlinear optical interferometry. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054707. [PMID: 39092948 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The multiphoton excitation pathways of plasmonic nanorod assemblies are described. By using dolmen structures formed from the directed assembly of three gold nanorods, plasmon-mediated three-photon excitation is resolved. These high-order multiphoton excitation channels were accessed by resonantly exciting a hybrid mode of the dolmen structure that was resonant with the 800-nm carrier wavelength of an ultrafast laser system. Rotation of the exciting field polarization to a non-resonant configuration did not generate third-order responses. Hence, the multiphoton excitation and resultant non-equilibrium electron distributions were generated by structure- and mode-selective excitation. Correlation between high-order and resonant plasmon excitation was achieved through sub-cycle time-resolved interferometric detection of incoherent nonlinear emission signals. The results illustrate the advantages of nonlinear optical interferometry and Fourier analysis for distinguishing plasmon-mediated processes from those that do not require plasmon excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Dhriti Nepal
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2491 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Kyoungyeon Park
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2491 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Richard Vaia
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2491 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Paul Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Kenneth L Knappenberger
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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5
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Shoup DN, Fan S, Zapata-Herrera M, Schorr HC, Aizpurua J, Schultz ZD. Comparison of Gap-Enhanced Raman Tags and Nanoparticle Aggregates with Polarization Dependent Super-Resolution Spectral SERS Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11422-11429. [PMID: 38958534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Strongly confined electric fields resulting from nanogaps within nanoparticle aggregates give rise to significant enhancement of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Nanometer differences in gap sizes lead to drastically different confined field strengths; so much attention has been focused on the development and understanding of nanostructures with controlled gap sizes. In this work, we report a novel petal gap-enhanced Raman tag (GERT) consisting of a bipyramid core and a nitrothiophenol (NTP) spacer to support the growth of hundreds of small petals and compare its SERS emission and localization to a traditional bipyramid aggregate. To do this, we use super resolution spectral SERS imaging that simultaneously captures the SERS images and spectra while varying the incident laser polarization. Intensity fluctuations inherent of SERS enabled super resolution algorithms to be applied, which revealed subdiffraction limited differences in the localization with respect to polarization direction for both particles. Interestingly, however, only the traditional bipyramid aggregates experienced a strong polarization dependence in their SERS intensity and in the plasmon-induced conversion of NTP to dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB), which was localized with nanometer precision to regions of intense electromagnetic fields. The lack of polarization dependence (validated through electromagnetic simulations) and surface reactions from the bipyramid-GERTs suggests that the emissions arising from the bipyramid-GERTs are less influenced by confined fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deben N Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sanjun Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mario Zapata-Herrera
- Center for Materials Physics in San Sebastián (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Hannah C Schorr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Javier Aizpurua
- Donostia International Physics Center, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Electricity and Electronics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, ESP, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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6
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Yu M, Tang X, Li Z, Wang W, Wang S, Li M, Yu Q, Xie S, Zuo X, Chen C. High-throughput DNA synthesis for data storage. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4463-4489. [PMID: 38498347 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
With the explosion of digital world, the dramatically increasing data volume is expected to reach 175 ZB (1 ZB = 1012 GB) in 2025. Storing such huge global data would consume tons of resources. Fortunately, it has been found that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule is the most compact and durable information storage medium in the world so far. Its high coding density and long-term preservation properties make itself one of the best data storage carriers for the future. High-throughput DNA synthesis is a key technology for "DNA data storage", which encodes binary data stream (0/1) into quaternary long DNA sequences consisting of four bases (A/G/C/T). In this review, the workflow of DNA data storage and the basic methods of artificial DNA synthesis technology are outlined first. Then, the technical characteristics of different synthesis methods and the state-of-the-art of representative commercial companies, with a primary focus on silicon chip microarray-based synthesis and novel enzymatic DNA synthesis are presented. Finally, the recent status of DNA storage and new opportunities for future development in the field of high-throughput, large-scale DNA synthesis technology are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 201800, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiuliyang Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sijia Xie
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 201800, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 201800, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China
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7
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Ichiji N, Yessenov M, Schepler KL, Abouraddy AF, Kubo A. Exciting space-time surface plasmon polaritons by irradiating a nanoslit structure. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2024; 41:396-405. [PMID: 38437427 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.508044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Space-time (ST) wave packets are propagation-invariant pulsed optical beams that travel freely in dielectrics at a tunable group velocity without diffraction or dispersion. Because ST wave packets maintain these characteristics even when only one transverse dimension is considered, they can realize surface-bound waves (e.g., surface plasmon polaritons at a metal-dielectric interface, which we call ST-SPPs) that have the same unique characteristics as their freely propagating counterparts. However, because the spatiotemporal spectral structure of ST-SPPs is key to their propagation invariance on the metal surface, their excitation methodology must be considered carefully. Using finite-difference time-domain simulations, we show that an appropriately synthesized ST wave packet in free space can be coupled to an ST-SPP via a single nanoscale slit inscribed in the metal surface. Our calculations confirm that this excitation methodology yields surface-bound ST-SPPs that are localized in all dimensions (and can thus be considered as plasmonic "bullets"), which travel rigidly at the metal-dielectric interface without diffraction or dispersion at a tunable group velocity.
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8
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Fedorov AS, Visotin MA, Lukyanenko AV, Gerasimov VS, Aleksandrovsky AS. Intense charge transfer plasmons in golden nanoparticle dimers connected by conductive molecular linkers. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:084110. [PMID: 38411236 DOI: 10.1063/5.0183334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Golden nanoparticle dimers connected by conjugated molecular linkers 1,2-bis(2-pyridyl)ethylene are produced. The formation of stable dimers with 22 nm diameter nanoparticles is confirmed by transmission electron microphotography. The possibility of charge transfer through the linkers between the particles in the dimers is shown by the density functional theory calculations. In addition to localized plasmon resonance of solitary nanoparticles with a wavelength of 530 nm, the optical spectra exhibit a new intense absorption peak in the near-infrared range with a wavelength of ∼780 nm. The emergent absorption peak is attributed to the charge-transfer plasmon (CTP) mode; the spectra simulated within the CTP developed model agree with the experimental ones. This resonant absorption may be of interest to biomedical applications due to its position in the so-called transmission window of biological tissues. The in vitro heating of CTP dimer solution by a laser diode with a wavelength of 792 nm proved the efficiency of CTP dimers for achieving a temperature increase of ΔT = 6 °C, which is sufficient for hyperthermia treatment of malignant tumors. This indicates the possibility of using hyperthermia to treat malignant tumors using the material we synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Fedorov
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry - IRC SQC, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M A Visotin
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - A V Lukyanenko
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V S Gerasimov
- Institute of Computational Modeling, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - A S Aleksandrovsky
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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9
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Chattopadhyay S, Lipok M, Pfaffenberger ZJ, Olesiak-Bańska J, Biteen JS. Single-Particle Photoluminescence Measures a Heterogeneous Distribution of Differential Circular Absorbance of Gold Nanoparticle Aggregates near Constricted Thioflavin T Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1618-1622. [PMID: 38306468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The chirality of biomacromolecules is critical for their function, but the optical signal of this chirality is small in the visible range. Plasmonic nanoparticles are antennas that can couple to this chiral signal. Here, we examine the molecular-scale mechanism behind the induced circular dichroism of gold nanorods (AuNRs) in solution with insulin fibrils and the fibril-intercalating dye thioflavin T (ThT) with polarization-resolved single-molecule fluorescence and single-particle photoluminescence (PL) imaging. We compared the PL upon excitation by left- and right-handed circularly polarized light to calculate the differential absorbance of AuNRs near insulin fibrils with and without ThT. Overall, our results indicate that AuNRs do not act as chiral absorbers near constricted ThT molecules. Instead, we hypothesize that fibrils promote AuNR aggregation, and this templating is mediated by subtle changes in the solution conditions; under the right conditions, only a few chiral aggregates with significantly higher circular dichroism signal contribute to a large net circular dichroism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saaj Chattopadhyay
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Maciej Lipok
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-37044 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Olesiak-Bańska
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-37044 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julie S Biteen
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
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10
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Hardy M, Goldberg Oppenheimer P. 'When is a hotspot a good nanospot' - review of analytical and hotspot-dominated surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy nanoplatforms. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3293-3323. [PMID: 38273798 PMCID: PMC10868661 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Substrate development in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) continues to attract research interest. In order to determine performance metrics, researchers in foundational SERS studies use a variety of experimental means to characterize the nature of substrates. However, often this process would appear to be performed indiscriminately without consideration for the physical scale of the enhancement phenomena. Herein, we differentiate between SERS substrates whose primary enhancing structures are on the hundreds of nanometer scale (analytical SERS nanosubstrates) and those whose main mechanism derives from nanometric-sized gaps (hot-spot dominated SERS substrates), assessing the utility of various characterization methods for each substrate class. In this context, characterization approaches in white-light spectroscopy, electron beam methods, and scanning probe spectroscopies are reviewed. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, wavelength-scanned SERS studies, and the impact of surface hydrophobicity are also discussed. Conclusions are thus drawn on the applicability of each characterization technique regarding amenability for SERS experiments that have features at different length scales. For instance, while white light spectroscopy can provide an indication of the plasmon resonances associated with 10 s-100 s nm-scale structures, it may not reveal information about finer surface texturing on the true nm-scale, critical for SERS' sensitivity, and in need of investigation via scanning probe techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Hardy
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
| | - Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
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11
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Seabury AG, Khodabocus AJ, Kogan IM, Hoy GR, DeSalvo GA, Wustholz KL. Blinking characteristics of organic fluorophores for blink-based multiplexing. Commun Chem 2024; 7:18. [PMID: 38280979 PMCID: PMC10821931 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence experiments have transformed our understanding of complex materials and biological systems. Whether single molecules are used to report on their nano-environment or provide for localization, understanding their blinking dynamics (i.e., stochastic fluctuations in emission intensity under continuous illumination) is paramount. We recently demonstrated another use for blinking dynamics called blink-based multiplexing (BBM), where individual emitters are classified using a single excitation laser based on blinking dynamics, rather than color. This study elucidates the structure-activity relationships governing BBM performance in a series of model rhodamine, BODIPY, and anthraquinone fluorophores that undergo different photo-physical and-chemical processes during blinking. Change point detection and multinomial logistic regression analyses show that BBM can leverage spectral fluctuations, electron and proton transfer kinetics, as well as photostability for molecular classification-even within the context of a shared blinking mechanism. In doing so, we demonstrate two- and three-color BBM with ≥ 93% accuracy using spectrally-overlapped fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Grayson R Hoy
- Chemistry Department, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
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12
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Astratov VN, Sahel YB, Eldar YC, Huang L, Ozcan A, Zheludev N, Zhao J, Burns Z, Liu Z, Narimanov E, Goswami N, Popescu G, Pfitzner E, Kukura P, Hsiao YT, Hsieh CL, Abbey B, Diaspro A, LeGratiet A, Bianchini P, Shaked NT, Simon B, Verrier N, Debailleul M, Haeberlé O, Wang S, Liu M, Bai Y, Cheng JX, Kariman BS, Fujita K, Sinvani M, Zalevsky Z, Li X, Huang GJ, Chu SW, Tzang O, Hershkovitz D, Cheshnovsky O, Huttunen MJ, Stanciu SG, Smolyaninova VN, Smolyaninov II, Leonhardt U, Sahebdivan S, Wang Z, Luk’yanchuk B, Wu L, Maslov AV, Jin B, Simovski CR, Perrin S, Montgomery P, Lecler S. Roadmap on Label-Free Super-Resolution Imaging. LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS 2023; 17:2200029. [PMID: 38883699 PMCID: PMC11178318 DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Label-free super-resolution (LFSR) imaging relies on light-scattering processes in nanoscale objects without a need for fluorescent (FL) staining required in super-resolved FL microscopy. The objectives of this Roadmap are to present a comprehensive vision of the developments, the state-of-the-art in this field, and to discuss the resolution boundaries and hurdles which need to be overcome to break the classical diffraction limit of the LFSR imaging. The scope of this Roadmap spans from the advanced interference detection techniques, where the diffraction-limited lateral resolution is combined with unsurpassed axial and temporal resolution, to techniques with true lateral super-resolution capability which are based on understanding resolution as an information science problem, on using novel structured illumination, near-field scanning, and nonlinear optics approaches, and on designing superlenses based on nanoplasmonics, metamaterials, transformation optics, and microsphere-assisted approaches. To this end, this Roadmap brings under the same umbrella researchers from the physics and biomedical optics communities in which such studies have often been developing separately. The ultimate intent of this paper is to create a vision for the current and future developments of LFSR imaging based on its physical mechanisms and to create a great opening for the series of articles in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily N. Astratov
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223-0001, USA
| | - Yair Ben Sahel
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yonina C. Eldar
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Luzhe Huang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- California Nano Systems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- California Nano Systems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Nikolay Zheludev
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonics Institute, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Junxiang Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Zachary Burns
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Zhaowei Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Material Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Evgenii Narimanov
- School of Electrical Engineering, and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Neha Goswami
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Emanuel Pfitzner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Kukura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Teng Hsiao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica 1, Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Hsieh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS), Academia Sinica 1, Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Brian Abbey
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Optical Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT, CHT, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- DIFILAB, Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aymeric LeGratiet
- Optical Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT, CHT, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, F-22305 Lannion, France
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Optical Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT, CHT, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- DIFILAB, Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Natan T. Shaked
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Bertrand Simon
- LP2N, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS UMR 5298, Université de Bordeaux, Talence France
| | - Nicolas Verrier
- IRIMAS UR UHA 7499, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Haeberlé
- IRIMAS UR UHA 7499, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, China
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, USA
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA
| | - Yeran Bai
- Boston University Photonics Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Boston University Photonics Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Behjat S. Kariman
- Optical Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT, CHT, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- DIFILAB, Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Katsumasa Fujita
- Department of Applied Physics and the Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory (AIST); and the Transdimensional Life Imaging Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Moshe Sinvani
- Faculty of Engineering and the Nano-Technology Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900 Israel
| | - Zeev Zalevsky
- Faculty of Engineering and the Nano-Technology Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900 Israel
| | - Xiangping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guan-Jie Huang
- Department of Physics and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Wei Chu
- Department of Physics and Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Omer Tzang
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Center for Light matter Interactions, and the Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dror Hershkovitz
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Center for Light matter Interactions, and the Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ori Cheshnovsky
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler faculty of Exact Sciences, and the Center for Light matter Interactions, and the Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Mikko J. Huttunen
- Laboratory of Photonics, Physics Unit, Tampere University, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center for Microscopy – Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vera N. Smolyaninova
- Department of Physics Astronomy and Geosciences, Towson University, 8000 York Rd., Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Igor I. Smolyaninov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ulf Leonhardt
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sahar Sahebdivan
- EMTensor GmbH, TechGate, Donau-City-Strasse 1, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - Zengbo Wang
- School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 1UT, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Luk’yanchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Alexey V. Maslov
- Department of Radiophysics, University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022, Russia
| | - Boya Jin
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223-0001, USA
| | - Constantin R. Simovski
- Department of Electronics and Nano-Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 199034, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stephane Perrin
- ICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg - CNRS - INSA de Strasbourg, 300 Bd. Sébastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Paul Montgomery
- ICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg - CNRS - INSA de Strasbourg, 300 Bd. Sébastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Sylvain Lecler
- ICube Research Institute, University of Strasbourg - CNRS - INSA de Strasbourg, 300 Bd. Sébastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France
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13
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Shen M, Rackers WH, Sadtler B. Getting the Most Out of Fluorogenic Probes: Challenges and Opportunities in Using Single-Molecule Fluorescence to Image Electro- and Photocatalysis. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:692-715. [PMID: 38037609 PMCID: PMC10685636 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy enables the direct observation of individual reaction events at the surface of a catalyst. It has become a powerful tool to image in real time both intra- and interparticle heterogeneity among different nanoscale catalyst particles. Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy of heterogeneous catalysts relies on the detection of chemically activated fluorogenic probes that are converted from a nonfluorescent state into a highly fluorescent state through a reaction mediated at the catalyst surface. This review article describes challenges and opportunities in using such fluorogenic probes as proxies to develop structure-activity relationships in nanoscale electrocatalysts and photocatalysts. We compare single-molecule fluorescence microscopy to other microscopies for imaging catalysis in situ to highlight the distinct advantages and limitations of this technique. We describe correlative imaging between super-resolution activity maps obtained from multiple fluorogenic probes to understand the chemical origins behind spatial variations in activity that are frequently observed for nanoscale catalysts. Fluorogenic probes, originally developed for biological imaging, are introduced that can detect products such as carbon monoxide, nitrite, and ammonia, which are generated by electro- and photocatalysts for fuel production and environmental remediation. We conclude by describing how single-molecule imaging can provide mechanistic insights for a broader scope of catalytic systems, such as single-atom catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meikun Shen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - William H. Rackers
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Bryce Sadtler
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Institute
of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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14
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Wu ZQ, Ma YP, Liu H, Huang CZ, Zhou J. High Confidence Single Particle Analysis with Machine Learning. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15375-15383. [PMID: 37796610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Single particle analysis can effectively determine the heterogeneity between particles based on the local information on a single particle, which is utilized extensively for monitoring chemical reactions and biological activities. However, the study of obtaining ensemble reaction information at the single particle level, which can obtain both the structural and functional heterogeneity of particles as well as the ensemble reaction information, is challenging because the selection of a single particle mainly depends on experience, which will lead to a certain randomness when analyzing the ensemble reaction with single particles. Using machine learning, it is demonstrated that the proposed intelligent single particle analysis strategy can provide single particle and ensemble analyses with high confidence. Convolutional neural network and Gaussian mixture model were utilized to develop a machine learning model for resonance scattering imaging analysis of plasmonic nanoparticles. It can identify the scattered light of single particles and select representative or diverse particles. When single particle scattering imaging is used to obtain ensemble information on the reaction, the error caused by the selection of individual particles can be significantly reduced by selecting representative particles. In addition, the real situation of the reaction can be better revealed by selecting diverse particles. These results indicate that the intelligent single particle analysis strategy has great potential for imaging analysis and biological sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Quan Wu
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yun Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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15
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Hoy GR, DeSalvo GA, Haile SH, Smith EN, Wustholz KL. Rapid, Accurate Classification of Single Emitters in Various Conditions and Environments for Blinking-Based Multiplexing. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3518-3525. [PMID: 37023466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Although single-molecule imaging is widely applied in biology and materials science, most studies are limited by their reliance on spectrally distinct fluorescent probes. We recently introduced blinking-based multiplexing (BBM), a simple approach to differentiate spectrally overlapped single emitters based solely on their intrinsic blinking dynamics. The original proof-of-concept study implemented two methods for emitter classification: an empirically derived metric and a deep learning algorithm, both of which have significant drawbacks. Here, a multinomial logistic regression (LR) classification is applied to rhodamine 6G (R6G) and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) in various experimental conditions (i.e., excitation power and bin time) and environments (i.e., glass versus polymer). We demonstrate that LR analysis is rapid and generalizable, and classification accuracies of 95% are routinely observed, even within a complex polymer environment where multiple factors contribute to blinking heterogeneity. In doing so, this study (1) reveals the experimental conditions (i.e., Pexc = 1.2 μW and tbin = 10 ms) that optimize BBM for QD and R6G and (2) demonstrates that BBM via multinomial LR can accurately classify both emitter and environment, opening the door to new opportunities in single-molecule imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grayson R Hoy
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Grace A DeSalvo
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Sophia H Haile
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Emma N Smith
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Kristin L Wustholz
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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16
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Li N, Zou Q, Zhao B, Min C, Yuan X, Somekh M, Feng F. Near-field manipulation of Tamm plasmon polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7321-7335. [PMID: 36859866 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs) arise from electromagnetic resonant phenomena which appear at the interface between a metallic film and a distributed Bragg reflector. They differ from surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), since TPPs possess both cavity mode properties and surface plasmon characteristics. In this paper, the propagation properties of TPPs are carefully investigated. With the aid of nanoantenna couplers, polarization-controlled TPP waves can propagate directionally. By combining nanoantenna couplers with Fresnel zone plates, asymmetric double focusing of TPP wave is observed. Moreover, radial unidirectional coupling of the TPP wave can be achieved when the nanoantenna couplers are arranged along a circular or a spiral shape, which shows superior focusing ability compared to a single circular or spiral groove since the electric field intensity at the focal point is 4 times larger. In comparison with SPPs, TPPs possess higher excitation efficiency and lower propagation loss. The numerical investigation shows that TPP waves have great potential in integrated photonics and on-chip devices.
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17
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Masson JF, Biggins JS, Ringe E. Machine learning for nanoplasmonics. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:111-123. [PMID: 36702956 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanomaterials have outstanding optoelectronic properties potentially enabling the next generation of catalysts, sensors, lasers and photothermal devices. Owing to optical and electron techniques, modern nanoplasmonics research generates large datasets characterizing features across length scales. Furthermore, optimizing syntheses leading to specific nanostructures requires time-consuming multiparametric approaches. These complex datasets and trial-and-error practices make nanoplasmonics research ripe for the application of machine learning (ML) and advanced data processing methods. ML algorithms capture relationships between synthesis, structure and performance in a way that far exceeds conventional simulation and theory approaches, enabling effective performance optimization. For example, neural networks can tailor the nanostructure morphology to target desired properties, identify synthetic conditions and extract quantitative information from complex data. Here we discuss the nascent field of ML for nanoplasmonics, describe the opportunities and limitations of ML in nanoplasmonic research, and conclude that ML is potentially transformative, especially if the community curates and shares its big data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Masson
- Département de chimie, Quebec Center for Advanced Materials, Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe, and Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - John S Biggins
- Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Earth Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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18
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Li X, Jia M, Yu L, Li Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. An ultrasensitive label-free biosensor based on aptamer functionalized two-dimensional photonic crystal for kanamycin detection in milk. Food Chem 2023; 402:134239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Pagnotto D, Muravitskaya A, Benoit DM, Bouillard JSG, Adawi AM. Stark Effect Control
of the Scattering Properties
of Plasmonic Nanogaps Containing an Organic Semiconductor. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2022; 1:500-506. [PMCID: PMC9903362 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.2c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of actively tunable plasmonic nanostructures enables real-time reconfigurable and on-demand enhancement of optical signals. This is an essential requirement for a wide range of applications such as sensing and nanophotonic devices, for which electrically driven tunability is required. By modifying the transition energies of a material via the application of an electric field, the Stark effect offers a reliable and practical approach to achieve such tunability. In this work, we report on the use of the Stark effect to control the scattering response of a plasmonic nanogap formed between a silver nanoparticle and an extended silver film separated by a thin layer of the organic semiconductor PQT-12. The plasmonic response of such nanoscattering sources follows the quadratic Stark shift. In addition, our approach allows one to experimentally determine the polarizability of the semiconductor material embedded in the nanogap region, offering a new approach to probe the excitonic properties of extremely thin semiconducting materials such as 2D materials under applied external electric field with nanoscale resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatello Pagnotto
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, University of
Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Alina Muravitskaya
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, University of
Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Benoit
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, University of
Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Sebastien G. Bouillard
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, University of
Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- G.
W. Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, University
of Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Ali M. Adawi
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, University of
Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- G.
W. Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, University
of Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhang W, Taheri-Ledari R, Ganjali F, Mirmohammadi SS, Qazi FS, Saeidirad M, KashtiAray A, Zarei-Shokat S, Tian Y, Maleki A. Effects of morphology and size of nanoscale drug carriers on cellular uptake and internalization process: a review. RSC Adv 2022; 13:80-114. [PMID: 36605676 PMCID: PMC9764328 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of targeted drug delivery, the effects of size and morphology of drug nanocarriers are of great importance and need to be discussed in depth. To be concise, among all the various shapes of nanocarriers, rods and tubes with a narrow cross-section are the most preferred shapes for the penetration of a cell membrane. In this regard, several studies have focused on methods to produce nanorods and nanotubes with controlled optimized size and aspect ratio (AR). Additionally, a non-spherical orientation could affect the cellular uptake process while a tangent angle of less than 45° is better at penetrating the membrane, and Ω = 90° is beneficial. Moreover, these nanocarriers show different behaviors when confronting diverse cells whose fields should be investigated in future studies. In this survey, a comprehensive classification based on carrier shape is first submitted. Then, the most commonly used methods for control over the size and shape of the carriers are reviewed. Finally, influential factors on the cellular uptake and internalization processes and related analytical methods for evaluating this process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University No. 37, Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province P. R. China
| | - Reza Taheri-Ledari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Fatemeh Ganjali
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Seyedeh Shadi Mirmohammadi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Fateme Sadat Qazi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Mahdi Saeidirad
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Amir KashtiAray
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Simindokht Zarei-Shokat
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University No. 14, 3rd Section of South Renmin Road Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
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21
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Noble Metal Nanoparticles Meet Molecular Cages: A tale of Integration and Synergy. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Wolff N, Kollenda S, Klein K, Loza K, Heggen M, Brochhagen L, Witzke O, Krawczyk A, Hilger I, Epple M. Silencing of proinflammatory NF-κB and inhibition of herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication by ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm) conjugated with small-interfering RNA. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:4502-4516. [PMID: 36341304 PMCID: PMC9595109 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00250g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Azide-terminated ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm gold core) were covalently functionalized with alkyne-terminated small-interfering siRNA duplexes by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC; click chemistry). The nanoparticle core was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. The number of attached siRNA molecules per nanoparticle was determined by a combination of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS; for gold) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (for siRNA). Each nanoparticle carried between 6 and 10 siRNA duplex molecules which corresponds to a weight ratio of siRNA to gold of about 2.2 : 1. Different kinds of siRNA were conjugated to the nanoparticles, depending on the gene to be silenced. In general, the nanoparticles were readily taken up by cells and highly efficient in gene silencing, in contrast to free siRNA. This was demonstrated in HeLa-eGFP cells (silencing of eGFP) and in LPS-stimulated macrophages (silencing of NF-κB). Furthermore, we demonstrated that nanoparticles carrying antiviral siRNA potently inhibited the replication of Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) in vitro. This highlights the strong potential of siRNA-functionalized ultrasmall gold nanoparticles in a broad spectrum of applications, including gene silencing and treatment of viral infections, combined with a minimal dose of gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Wolff
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Sebastian Kollenda
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Kai Klein
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Kateryna Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52428 Jülich Germany
| | - Leonie Brochhagen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen Hufelandstr. 55 45147 Essen Germany
| | - Oliver Witzke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen Hufelandstr. 55 45147 Essen Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen Hufelandstr. 55 45147 Essen Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Am Klinikum 1 07740 Jena Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany
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23
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Wang J, Li Z, Liu W. Rigorous Analysis and Systematical Design of Double-Layer Metal Superlens for Improved Subwavelength Imaging Mediated by Surface Plasmon Polaritons. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3553. [PMID: 36296743 PMCID: PMC9612018 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A double-layer metal superlens was rigorously analyzed and systematically designed to improve subwavelength imaging ability. It was revealed that transmission properties of the imaging system could be accurately interpreted by the five-layer waveguide mode theory-each amplification peak among the spatial frequency range of evanescent waves was associated with a corresponding surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode of an insulator-metal-insulator-metal-insulator (IMIMI) structure. On the basis of such physical insight, evanescent waves of higher spatial frequency were effectively amplified via increasing propagation constants of symmetrically coupled short-range SPP (s-SRSPP) and antisymmetrically coupled short-range SPP (a-SRSPP), and evanescent waves of lower spatial frequency were appropriately diminished by approaching to cut off symmetrically coupled long-range SPP (s-LRSPP). A flat and broad optical transfer function of the imaging system was then achieved, and improved subwavelength imaging performance was validated by imaging an ideal thin object of two slits with a 20-nm width distanced by a 20-nm spacer, under 193-nm illumination. The resolution limit of the designed imaging system with double-layer superlens was further demonstrated to be at least ~λ/16 for an isolated two-slit object model. This work provided sound theoretical analysis and a systematic design approach of double-layer metal superlens for near-field subwavelength imaging, such as fluorescent micro/nanoscopy or plasmonic nanolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Costar (Shanghai) Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Advanced Optics, China South Industries Group Corporation, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Costar (Shanghai) Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Advanced Optics, China South Industries Group Corporation, Nanyang 473000, China
- Costar Group Co., Ltd., Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Weina Liu
- Costar (Shanghai) Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Advanced Optics, China South Industries Group Corporation, Nanyang 473000, China
- Nanyang Lida Optic-Electronics Co., Ltd., Nanyang 473000, China
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24
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Białas N, Sokolova V, van der Meer SB, Knuschke T, Ruks T, Klein K, Westendorf AM, Epple M. Bacteria (
E. coli
) take up ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm) as shown by different optical microscopic techniques (CLSM, SIM, STORM). NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nataniel Białas
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Viktoriya Sokolova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Selina Beatrice van der Meer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Torben Knuschke
- Infection Immunology Institute of Medical Microbiology University Hospital Essen University Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Tatjana Ruks
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Kai Klein
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Astrid M. Westendorf
- Infection Immunology Institute of Medical Microbiology University Hospital Essen University Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
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25
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Xue J, Fu Y, Fan S, Cao X, Huang W, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Chen F. Branched immunochip-integrated pairwise barcoding amplification exploring the spatial proximity of two post-translational modifications in distinct cell subpopulations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10020-10023. [PMID: 35983894 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the spatial information of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in distinct cell subpopulations represents a new direction toward single-cell analysis. The specific capture of cell populations combined with PTM spatial proximity visualization making it practically challenging. Here, we develop branched immunochip-integrated pairwise barcoding amplification, termed biChip-PBA, which can perform the respective capture of cell subpopulations expressing different membrane proteins and successive PBA-based fluorescence imaging of PTM proximities. Our work may provide multilevel information for new insights into epigenetic regulation and cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Youlan Fu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Siyue Fan
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Xiaowen Cao
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Yongxi Zhao
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
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26
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Shoup D, Scarpitti BT, Schultz ZD. A Wide-Field Imaging Approach for Simultaneous Super-Resolution Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Bioimaging and Spectroscopy. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:332-341. [PMID: 35996539 PMCID: PMC9389649 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High spatial resolution imaging and chemical-specific detection in living organisms is important in a wide range of fields from medicine to catalysis. In this work, we characterize a wide-field surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging approach capable of simultaneously capturing images and SERS spectra from nanoparticle SERS tags in cancer cells. By passing the image through a transmission diffraction grating before it reaches an array detector, we record the image and wavelength dispersed signal simultaneously on the camera sensor. Optimization of the experiment provides an approach with better spectral resolution and more rapid acquisition than liquid crystal tunable filters commonly used for wide-field SERS imaging. Intensity fluctuations inherent to SERS enabled localization algorithms to be applied to both the spatial and spectral domain, providing super-resolution SERS images that are correlated with improved peak positions identified in the spectrum of the SERS tag. The detected Raman signal is shown to be sensitive to the focal plane, providing three-dimensional (3D) sectioning abilities for the detected nanoparticles. Our work demonstrates spectrally resolved super-resolution SERS imaging that has the potential to be applied to complex physical and biological imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deben
N. Shoup
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brian T. Scarpitti
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Comprehensive
Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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27
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Schultz ZD, Shoup DN, Smith AE. Super-Resolution SERS Spectral Bioimaging. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 12203:1220304. [PMID: 37431396 PMCID: PMC10329846 DOI: 10.1117/12.2632824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology enable the detection of trace molecules from the enhanced Raman signal generated at the surface of plasmonic nanoparticles. We have developed technology to enable super-resolution imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles, where the fluctuations in the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal can be analyzed with localization microscopy techniques to provide nanometer spatial resolution of the emitting molecule's location. Additional work now enables the super-resolved SERS image and the corresponding spectrum to be acquired simultaneously. Here we will discuss how this approach can be applied to provide new insights into biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
| | - Deben N. Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
| | - Abigail E. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
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28
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Zou H, Gu X, Xia C, Cheng R, Huang C, Li Y, Gao P. Gold triangular nanoplates with edge effect for reaction monitoring under dark-field microscopy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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29
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Chen S, Weng S, Xiao YH, Li P, Qin M, Zhou G, Dong R, Yang L, Wu DY, Tian ZQ. Insight into the Heterogeneity of Longitudinal Plasmonic Field in a Nanocavity Using an Intercalated Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystal Probe with a ∼7 Å Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13174-13183. [PMID: 35723445 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative measurement of the plasmonic field distribution is of great significance for optimizing highly efficient optical nanodevices. However, the quantitative and precise measurement of the plasmonic field distribution is still an enormous challenge. In this work, we design a unique nanoruler with a ∼7 Å spatial resolution, which is based on a two-dimensional atomic crystal where the intercalated monolayer WS2 is a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probe and four layers of MoS2 are a reference layer in a nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) structure to quantitatively and directionally probe the longitudinal plasmonic field distribution at high permittivity by the quantitative SERS intensity of WS2 located in different layers. A subnanometer two-dimensional atomic crystal was used as a spacer layer to overcome the randomness of the molecular adsorption and Raman vibration direction. Combined with comprehensive theoretical derivation, numerical calculations, and spectroscopic measurements, it is shown that the longitudinal plasmonic field in an individual nanocavity is heterogeneously distributed with an unexpectedly large intensity gradient. We analyze the SERS enhancement factor on the horizontal component, which shows a great attenuation trend in the nanocavity and further provides precise insight into the horizontal component distribution of the longitudinal plasmonic field. We also provide a direct experimental verification that the longitudinal plasmonic field decays more slowly in high dielectric constant materials. These precise experimental insights into the plasmonic field using a two-dimensional atomic crystal itself as a Raman probe may propel understanding of the nanostructure optical response and applications based on the plasmonic field distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.,University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Shirui Weng
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuan-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Miao Qin
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.,University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Guoliang Zhou
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.,University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ronglu Dong
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Liangbao Yang
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - De-Yin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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30
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DeSalvo GA, Hoy GR, Kogan IM, Li JZ, Palmer ET, Luz-Ricca E, de Gialluly PS, Wustholz KL. Blinking-Based Multiplexing: A New Approach for Differentiating Spectrally Overlapped Emitters. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5056-5060. [PMID: 35652798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multicolor single-molecule imaging is widely applied to answer questions in biology and materials science. However, most studies rely on spectrally distinct fluorescent probes or time-intensive sequential imaging strategies to multiplex. Here, we introduce blinking-based multiplexing (BBM), a simple approach to differentiate spectrally overlapped emitters based solely on their intrinsic blinking dynamics. The blinking dynamics of hundreds of rhodamine 6G and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on glass are obtained using the same acquisition settings and analyzed with a change point detection algorithm. Although substantial blinking heterogeneity is observed, the analysis yields a blinking metric with 93.5% classification accuracy. We further show that BBM with up to 96.6% accuracy is achieved by using a deep learning algorithm for classification. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that a single emitter can be accurately classified based on its intrinsic blinking dynamics and without the need to probe its spectral color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace A DeSalvo
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Grayson R Hoy
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Isabelle M Kogan
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - John Z Li
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Elise T Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Emilio Luz-Ricca
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Paul Scemama de Gialluly
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Kristin L Wustholz
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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31
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Song MK, Ma YP, Liu H, Hu PP, Huang CZ, Zhou J. High Resolution of Plasmonic Resonance Scattering Imaging with Deep Learning. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4610-4616. [PMID: 35275492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dark-field microscopy (DFM) imaging technology has the advantage of a high signal-to-noise ratio, and it is often used for real-time monitoring of plasmonic resonance scattering and biological imaging at the single-nanoparticle level. Due to the limitation of the optical diffraction limit, it is still a challenging task to accurately distinguish two or more nanoparticles whose distance is less than the diffraction limit. Here, we propose a computational strategy based on a deep learning framework (NanoNet), which will realize the effective segmentation of the scattered light spots in diffraction-limited DFM images and obtain high-resolution plasmonic light scattering imaging. A small data set of DFM and the corresponding scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image pairs are used to learn for obtaining a highly resolved semantic imaging model using NanoNet, and thus highly resolved DFM images matching the resolution of those acquired using SEM can be obtained. Our method has the ability to transform diffraction-limited DFM images to highly resolved ones without adding a complex optical system. As a proof of concept, a highly resolved DFM image of living cells through the NanoNet technique is successfully made, opening up a new avenue for high-resolution optical nanoscopic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ke Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yun Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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32
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Cao Y, Wang X, Yang S, Pei Y, Zang J, Wang J, Ye YH. Super-resolution imaging of plasmonic nanostructures by microsphere-assisted microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:E8-E13. [PMID: 35297868 DOI: 10.1364/ao.444881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We fabricate both triangularly and circularly shaped Au, Ag, and Cr nanoparticle arrays and observe the imaging properties of these plasmonic nanostructures by BaTiO3 glass (BTG) microsphere-assisted microscopy. We experimentally find that the resolution of triangularly shaped Ag nanoparticle arrays is higher than that of Au and Cr ones, and a gap resolution of ∼λ/7.7 is demonstrated for the circularly shaped Au, Ag, and Cr nanostructures. Numerical simulations show that when a fully immersed BTG microsphere is dispersed on the surface of a plasmonic nanostructure sample, an enhanced electric field is generated in the vicinity of the sample, especially at the gap of the microsphere and the sample, due to the focusing effect of the microsphere and the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance in the plasmonic nanostructure. The enhanced electric field in Ag nanostructures is significantly stronger than that in Au and Cr ones. Besides, the microsphere collects, amplifies, and propagates the enhanced near-field information to the far field, resulting in the improvement of imaging resolution.
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33
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Dhiman S, Andrian T, Gonzalez BS, Tholen MME, Wang Y, Albertazzi L. Can super-resolution microscopy become a standard characterization technique for materials chemistry? Chem Sci 2022; 13:2152-2166. [PMID: 35310478 PMCID: PMC8864713 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05506b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of newly synthesized materials is a cornerstone of all chemistry and nanotechnology laboratories. For this purpose, a wide array of analytical techniques have been standardized and are used routinely by laboratories across the globe. With these methods we can understand the structure, dynamics and function of novel molecular architectures and their relations with the desired performance, guiding the development of the next generation of materials. Moreover, one of the challenges in materials chemistry is the lack of reproducibility due to improper publishing of the sample preparation protocol. In this context, the recent adoption of the reporting standard MIRIBEL (Minimum Information Reporting in Bio-Nano Experimental Literature) for material characterization and details of experimental protocols aims to provide complete, reproducible and reliable sample preparation for the scientific community. Thus, MIRIBEL should be immediately adopted in publications by scientific journals to overcome this challenge. Besides current standard spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, there is a constant development of novel technologies that aim to help chemists unveil the structure of complex materials. Among them super-resolution microscopy (SRM), an optical technique that bypasses the diffraction limit of light, has facilitated the study of synthetic materials with multicolor ability and minimal invasiveness at nanometric resolution. Although still in its infancy, the potential of SRM to unveil the structure, dynamics and function of complex synthetic architectures has been highlighted in pioneering reports during the last few years. Currently, SRM is a sophisticated technique with many challenges in sample preparation, data analysis, environmental control and automation, and moreover the instrumentation is still expensive. Therefore, SRM is currently limited to expert users and is not implemented in characterization routines. This perspective discusses the potential of SRM to transition from a niche technique to a standard routine method for material characterization. We propose a roadmap for the necessary developments required for this purpose based on a collaborative effort from scientists and engineers across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dhiman
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Teodora Andrian
- Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
| | - Beatriz Santiago Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Marrit M E Tholen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology Postbus 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
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34
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Liu S, Lv M, Li H, Wang S, Feng C, Wang X, Hu W, Wang W. Optical Imaging of the Molecular Mobility of Single Polystyrene Nanospheres. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1267-1273. [PMID: 35014804 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An ultrathin surface layer with extraordinary molecular mobility has been discovered and intensively investigated on thin-film polymer materials for decades. However, because of the lack of suitable characterization techniques, it remains largely unexplored whether such a surface mobile layer also exists on individual polymeric nanospheres. Here, we propose a thermal-optical imaging technique to determine the glass transition (Tg) and rubber-fluid transition (Tf) temperatures of single isolated polystyrene nanospheres (PSNS) in a high-throughput and nonintrusive manner for the first time. Two distinct steps, corresponding to the glass transition and rubber-fluid transition, respectively, were clearly observed in the optical trace of single PSNS during temperature ramping. Because the transition temperature and size of the same individuals were both determined, single nanoparticle measurements revealed the reduced apparent Tf and increased Tg of single PSNS on the gold substrate with a decreasing radius from 130 to 70 nm. Further experiments revealed that the substrate effect played an important role in the increased Tg. More importantly, a gradual decrease in the optical signal was detected prior to the glass transition, which was consistent with a surface layer with enhanced molecular mobility. Quantitative analysis further revealed the thickness of this layer to be ∼8 nm. This work not only uncovered the existence and thickness of a surface mobile layer in single isolated nanospheres but also demonstrated a general bottom-up strategy to investigate the structure-property relationship of polymeric nanomaterials by correlating the thermal property (Tg and Tf) and structural features (size) at single nanoparticle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengqi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haoran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengdong Feng
- State Key Lab of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Lab of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenbing Hu
- State Key Lab of Coordination Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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35
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Sikes JC, Wonner K, Nicholson A, Cignoni P, Fritsch I, Tschulik K. Characterization of Nanoparticles in Diverse Mixtures Using Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance and Nanoparticle Tracking by Dark-Field Microscopy with Redox Magnetohydrodynamics Microfluidics. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:289-298. [PMID: 35915589 PMCID: PMC9335947 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.1c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
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Redox magnetohydrodynamics
(RMHD) microfluidics is coupled with
dark-field microscopy (DFM) to offer high-throughput single-nanoparticle
(NP) differentiation in situ and operando in a flowing mixture by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
and tracking of NPs. The color of the scattered light allows visualization
of the NPs below the diffraction limit. Their Brownian motion in 1-D
superimposed on and perpendicular to the RMHD trajectory yields their
diffusion coefficients. LSPR and diffusion coefficients provide two
orthogonal modalities for characterization where each depends on a
particle’s material composition, shape, size, and interactions
with the surrounding medium. RMHD coupled with DFM was demonstrated
on a mixture of 82 ± 9 nm silver and 140 ± 10 nm gold-coated
silica nanospheres. The two populations of NPs in the mixture were
identified by blue/green and orange/red LSPR and their scattering
intensity, respectively, and their sizes were further evaluated based
on their diffusion coefficients. RMHD microfluidics facilitates high-throughput
analysis by moving the sample solution across the wide field of view
absent of physical vibrations within the experimental cell. The well-controlled
pumping allows for a continuous, reversible, and uniform flow for
precise and simultaneous NP tracking of the Brownian motion. Additionally,
the amounts of nanomaterials required for the analysis are minimized
due to the elimination of an inlet and outlet. Several hundred individual
NPs were differentiated from each other in the mixture flowing in
forward and reverse directions. The ability to immediately reverse
the flow direction also facilitates re-analysis of the NPs, enabling
more precise sizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazlynn C. Sikes
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Kevin Wonner
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Aaron Nicholson
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Paolo Cignoni
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fritsch
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
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36
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Steves MA, Knappenberger KL. Achieving sub-diffraction spatial resolution using combined Fourier transform spectroscopy and nonlinear optical microscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:021101. [PMID: 35032991 DOI: 10.1063/5.0069944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourier transform nonlinear optical microscopy is used to perform nonlinear spectroscopy of single gold nanorods in an imaging platform, which enables sub-diffraction spatial resolution. The nonlinear optical signal is detected as a function of the time delay between two phase-locked pulses, forming an interferogram that can be used to retrieve the resonant response of the nanoparticles. Detection of the nonlinear signal through a microscopy platform enables wide-field hyperspectral imaging of the longitudinal plasmon resonances in individual gold nanorods. Super-resolution capabilities are demonstrated by distinguishing multiple nanorods that are co-located within the optical diffraction limit and are spatially separated by only tens of nanometers. The positions and resonance energies obtained through Fourier transform nonlinear optical microscopy agree with the relative positions and aspect ratios deduced from electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Steves
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Kenneth L Knappenberger
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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37
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Wang C, O'Hagan MP, Li Z, Zhang J, Ma X, Tian H, Willner I. Photoresponsive DNA materials and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:720-760. [PMID: 34985085 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00688f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive nucleic acids attract growing interest as functional constituents in materials science. Integration of photoisomerizable units into DNA strands provides an ideal handle for the reversible reconfiguration of nucleic acid architectures by light irradiation, triggering changes in the chemical and structural properties of the nanostructures that can be exploited in the development of photoresponsive functional devices such as machines, origami structures and ion channels, as well as environmentally adaptable 'smart' materials including nanoparticle aggregates and hydrogels. Moreover, photoresponsive DNA components allow control over the composition of dynamic supramolecular ensembles that mimic native networks. Beyond this, the modification of nucleic acids with photosensitizer functionality enables these biopolymers to act as scaffolds for spatial organization of electron transfer reactions mimicking natural photosynthesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these exciting developments in the design of photoresponsive DNA materials, and showcases a range of applications in catalysis, sensing and drug delivery/release. The key challenges facing the development of the field in the coming years are addressed, and exciting emergent research directions are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Michael P O'Hagan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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38
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Fedorov AS, Visotin M, Eremkin E, Krasnov PO, Ågren H, Polyutov S. Charge-transfer plasmons of complex nanoparticle arrays connected by conductive molecular bridges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19531-19540. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01811j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Charge-transfer plasmons (CTP) in complexes of metal nanoparticles bridged by conductive molecular linkers are theoretically analysed using a statistic approach. The applied model takes into account the kinetic energy of...
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39
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de Albuquerque CDL, Zoltowski CM, Scarpitti BT, Shoup DN, Schultz ZD. Spectrally Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging Reveals Plasmon-Mediated Chemical Transformations. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2021; 1:38-46. [PMID: 34966910 PMCID: PMC8700175 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
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Challenges investigating
molecules on plasmonic nanostructures
have limited understanding of these interactions. However, the chemically
specific information in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
spectrum can identify perturbations in the adsorbed molecules to provide
insight relevant to applications in sensing, catalysis, and energy
conversion. Here, we demonstrate spectrally resolved SERS imaging,
to simultaneously image and collect the SERS spectra from molecules
adsorbed on individual nanoparticles. We observe intensity and frequency
fluctuations in the SERS signal on the time scale of tens of milliseconds
from n-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) adsorbed to gold
nanoparticles. The SERS signal fluctuations correlate with density
functional theory calculations of radicals generated by the interaction
between MBA and plasmon-generated hot electrons. Applying localization
microscopy to the data provides a super-resolution spectrally resolved
map that indicates the plasmonic-induced molecular charging occurs
on the extremities of the nanoparticles, where the localized electromagnetic
field is reported to be most intense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chelsea M Zoltowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brian T Scarpitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Deben N Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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40
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Chen Q, Nan X, Chen M, Pan D, Yang X, Wen L. Nanophotonic Color Routing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103815. [PMID: 34595789 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in low-dimensional materials and nanofabrication technologies have stimulated many breakthroughs in the field of nanophotonics such as metamaterials and plasmonics that provide efficient ways of light manipulation at a subwavelength scale. The representative structure-induced spectral engineering techniques have demonstrated superior design of freedom compared with natural materials such as pigment/dye. In particular, the emerging spectral routing scheme enables extraordinary light manipulation in both frequency-domain and spatial-domain with high-efficiency utilization of the full spectrum, which is critically important for various applications and may open up entirely new operating paradigms. In this review, a comparative introduction on the operating mechanisms of spectral routing and spectral filtering schemes is given and recent progress on various color nanorouters based on metasurfaces, plasmonics, dielectric antennas is reviewed with a focus on the potential application in high-resolution imaging. With a thorough analysis and discussion on the advanced properties and drawbacks of various techniques, this report is expected to provide an overview and vision for the future development and application of nanophotonic color (spectral) routing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xianghong Nan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Dahui Pan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Long Wen
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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41
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Gao Z, Song Y, Hsiao TY, He J, Wang C, Shen J, MacLachlan A, Dai S, Singer BH, Kurabayashi K, Chent P. Machine-Learning-Assisted Microfluidic Nanoplasmonic Digital Immunoassay for Cytokine Storm Profiling in COVID-19 Patients. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18023-18036. [PMID: 34714639 PMCID: PMC8577373 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine storm, known as an exaggerated hyperactive immune response characterized by elevated release of cytokines, has been described as a feature associated with life-threatening complications in COVID-19 patients. A critical evaluation of a cytokine storm and its mechanistic linkage to COVID-19 requires innovative immunoassay technology capable of rapid, sensitive, selective detection of multiple cytokines across a wide dynamic range at high-throughput. In this study, we report a machine-learning-assisted microfluidic nanoplasmonic digital immunoassay to meet the rising demand for cytokine storm monitoring in COVID-19 patients. Specifically, the assay was carried out using a facile one-step sandwich immunoassay format with three notable features: (i) a microfluidic microarray patterning technique for high-throughput, multiantibody-arrayed biosensing chip fabrication; (ii) an ultrasensitive nanoplasmonic digital imaging technology utilizing 100 nm silver nanocubes (AgNCs) for signal transduction; (iii) a rapid and accurate machine-learning-based image processing method for digital signal analysis. The developed immunoassay allows simultaneous detection of six cytokines in a single run with wide working ranges of 1-10,000 pg mL-1 and ultralow detection limits down to 0.46-1.36 pg mL-1 using a minimum of 3 μL serum samples. The whole chip can afford a 6-plex assay of 8 different samples with 6 repeats in each sample for a total of 288 sensing spots in less than 100 min. The image processing method enhanced by convolutional neural network (CNN) dramatically shortens the processing time ∼6,000 fold with a much simpler procedure while maintaining high statistical accuracy compared to the conventional manual counting approach. The immunoassay was validated by the gold-standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and utilized for serum cytokine profiling of COVID-19 positive patients. Our results demonstrate the nanoplasmonic digital immunoassay as a promising practical tool for comprehensive characterization of cytokine storm in patients that holds great promise as an intelligent immunoassay for next generation immune monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangqiang Gao
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Yujing Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
| | - Te Yi Hsiao
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Jiacheng He
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Chuanyu Wang
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Jialiang Shen
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Alana MacLachlan
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Siyuan Dai
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Benjamin H. Singer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
| | - Katsuo Kurabayashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
| | - Pengyu Chent
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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42
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Wang S, Zhang J, Fu M, He J, Li X. Multifunctional Plasmonic Grating Based on the Phase Modulation of Excitation Light. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112941. [PMID: 34835705 PMCID: PMC8621653 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional optical devices are desirable at all times due to their features of flexibility and high efficiency. Based on the principle that the phase of excitation light can be transferred to the generated surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), a plasmonic grating with three functions is proposed and numerically demonstrated. The Cherenkov SPPs wake or nondiffracting SPPs Bessel beam or focusing SPPs field can be correspondingly excited for the excitation light, which is modulated by a linear gradient phase or a symmetrical phase or a spherical phase, respectively. Moreover, the features of these functions such as the propagation direction of SPPs wake, the size and direction of the SPPs Bessel beam, and the position of SPPs focus can be dynamically manipulated. In consideration of the fact that no extra fabrication is required to obtain the different SPPs fields, the proposed approach can effectively reduce the cost in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Maixia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Jingwen He
- State Key Laboratory of Space-Ground Integrated Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Satellite Information Engineering, Beijing 100095, China;
| | - Xing Li
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (X.L.)
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43
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Bloksma F, Zijlstra P. Imaging and Localization of Single Emitters near Plasmonic Particles of Different Size, Shape, and Material. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:22084-22092. [PMID: 34676018 PMCID: PMC8521989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal plasmonic materials are increasingly used in biosensing and catalysis, which has sparked the use of super-resolution localization microscopy to visualize processes at the interface of the particles. We quantify the effect of particle-emitter coupling on super-resolution localization accuracy by simulating the point spread function (PSF) of single emitters near a plasmonic nanoparticle. Using a computationally inexpensive boundary element method, we investigate a broad range of conditions allowing us to compare the simulated localization accuracy to reported experimental results. We identify regimes where the PSF is not Gaussian anymore, resulting in large mislocalizations due to the appearance of multilobed PSFs. Such exotic PSFs occur when near-field excitation of quadrupole plasmons is efficient but unexpectedly also occur for large particle-emitter spacing where the coherent emission from the particle and emitter results in anisotropic emission patterns. We provide guidelines to enable faithful localization microscopy near colloidal plasmonic materials, which indicate that simply decreasing the coupling between particle and molecule is not sufficient for faithful super-resolution imaging.
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44
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Misbah I, Ohannesian N, Qiao Y, Lin SH, Shih WC. Exploring the synergy of radiative coupling and substrate undercut in arrayed gold nanodisks for economical, ultra-sensitive label-free biosensing. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021; 21:23971-23978. [PMID: 34970084 PMCID: PMC8713518 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2021.3111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report radiatively coupled arrayed gold nanodisks on invisible substrate (AGNIS) as a cost-effective, high-performance platform for nanoplasmonic biosensing. By substrate undercut, the electric field distribution around the nanodisks has been restored to as if the nanodisks were surrounded by a single medium, thereby provides analyte accessibility to otherwise buried enhanced electric field. The AGNIS substrate has been fabricated by wafer-scale nanosphere lithography without the need for costly lithography. The LSPR blue-shifting behavior synergistically contributed by radiative coupling and substrate undercut have been investigated for the first time, which culminates in a remarkable refractive index sensitivity increase from 207 nm/RIU to 578 nm/RIU. The synergy also improves surface sensitivity to monolayer neutravidin-biotin binding from 7.4 nm to 20.3 nm with the limit of detection (LOD) of neutravidin at 50 fM, which is among the best label-free results reported to date on this specific surface binding reaction. As a potential cancer diagnostic application, extracellular vesicles such as exosomes excreted by cancer and normal cells were measured with a LOD within 112-600 (exosomes/μL), which would be sufficient in many clinical applications. Using CD9, CD63, and CD81 antibodies, label-free profiling has shown increased expression of all three surface antigens in cancer-derived exosomes. This work demonstrates, for the first time, strong synergy of arrayed radiative coupling and substrate undercut can enable economical, ultrasensitive biosensing in the visible light spectrum where high-quality, low-cost silicon detectors are readily available for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yawei Qiao
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Steven H Lin
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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45
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Cai YY, Tauzin LJ, Ostovar B, Lee S, Link S. Light emission from plasmonic nanostructures. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:060901. [PMID: 34391373 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of light emission from metallic nanoparticles has been a subject of debate in recent years. Photoluminescence and electronic Raman scattering mechanisms have both been proposed to explain the observed emission from plasmonic nanostructures. Recent results from Stokes and anti-Stokes emission spectroscopy of single gold nanorods using continuous wave laser excitation carried out in our laboratory are summarized here. We show that varying excitation wavelength and power change the energy distribution of hot carriers and impact the emission spectral lineshape. We then examine the role of interband and intraband transitions in the emission lineshape by varying the particle size. We establish a relationship between the single particle emission quantum yield and its corresponding plasmonic resonance quality factor, which we also tune through nanorod crystallinity. Finally, based on anti-Stokes emission, we extract electron temperatures that further suggest a hot carrier based mechanism. The central role of hot carriers in our systematic study on gold nanorods as a model system supports a Purcell effect enhanced hot carrier photoluminescence mechanism. We end with a discussion on the impact of understanding the light emission mechanism on fields utilizing hot carrier distributions, such as photocatalysis and nanothermometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Lawrence J Tauzin
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Behnaz Ostovar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Stephen Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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46
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Sundaresan V, Cutri AR, Metro J, Madukoma CS, Shrout JD, Hoffman AJ, Willets KA, Bohn PW. Potential dependent spectroelectrochemistry of electrofluorogenic dyes on indium‐tin oxide. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Allison R. Cutri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Jarek Metro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Chinedu S. Madukoma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Joshua D. Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Anthony J. Hoffman
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | | | - Paul W. Bohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
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47
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Bentley CL. Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy for the study of (nano)particle electrochemistry: From the sub‐particle to ensemble level. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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48
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Jorns M, Pappas D. A Review of Fluorescent Carbon Dots, Their Synthesis, Physical and Chemical Characteristics, and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1448. [PMID: 34070762 PMCID: PMC8228846 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a particularly useful type of fluorescent nanoparticle that demonstrate biocompatibility, resistance to photobleaching, as well as diversity in composition and characteristics amongst the different types available. There are two main morphologies of CDs: Disk-shaped with 1-3 stacked sheets of aromatic carbon rings and quasi-spherical with a core-shell arrangement having crystalline and amorphous properties. They can be synthesized from various potentially environmentally friendly methods including hydrothermal carbonization, microwaving, pyrolysis or combustion, and are then purified via one or more methods. CDs can have either excitation wavelength-dependent or -independent emission with each having their own benefits in microscopic fluorescent imaging. Some CDs have an affinity for a particular cell type, organelle or chemical. This property allows the CDs to be used as sensors in a biological environment and can even provide quantitative information if the quenching or intensity of their fluorescence is dependent on the concentration of the analyte. In addition to fluorescent imaging, CDs can also be used for other applications including drug delivery, quality control, photodynamic therapy, and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
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49
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Mauro N, Utzeri MA, Varvarà P, Cavallaro G. Functionalization of Metal and Carbon Nanoparticles with Potential in Cancer Theranostics. Molecules 2021; 26:3085. [PMID: 34064173 PMCID: PMC8196792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer theranostics is a new concept of medical approach that attempts to combine in a unique nanoplatform diagnosis, monitoring and therapy so as to provide eradication of a solid tumor in a non-invasive fashion. There are many available solutions to tackle cancer using theranostic agents such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) under the guidance of imaging techniques (e.g., magnetic resonance-MRI, photoacoustic-PA or computed tomography-CT imaging). Additionally, there are several potential theranostic nanoplatforms able to combine diagnosis and therapy at once, such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs), graphene oxide (GO), superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and carbon nanodots (CDs). Currently, surface functionalization of these nanoplatforms is an extremely useful protocol for effectively tuning their structures, interface features and physicochemical properties. This approach is much more reliable and amenable to fine adjustment, reaching both physicochemical and regulatory requirements as a function of the specific field of application. Here, we summarize and compare the most promising metal- and carbon-based theranostic tools reported as potential candidates in precision cancer theranostics. We focused our review on the latest developments in surface functionalization strategies for these nanosystems, or hybrid nanocomposites consisting of their combination, and discuss their main characteristics and potential applications in precision cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Mauro
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.A.U.); (P.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Mara Andrea Utzeri
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.A.U.); (P.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Paola Varvarà
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.A.U.); (P.V.); (G.C.)
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.A.U.); (P.V.); (G.C.)
- Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Orientation-independent reaction activity monitoring with single particle and data analytics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:458-466. [PMID: 33561595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Single-particle analysis is the most powerful method to obtain accurate local information for understanding and monitoring chemical reactions. However, investigations about obtaining comprehensive information at the single-particle level to overcome individual errors and sampling randomness have not been reported to date. Plasmonic nanorods, which have excellent anisotropic optical and chemical properties, make us in situ acquisition of conformation and dynamics of the biological information. On the basis of their anisotropic optical properties of the plasmonic nanorods such as Au nanorods (AuNRs) and data analytics, herein we developed a high-throughput resonance scattering imaging method of AuNRs under dark-field microscopy (DFM) to monitor orientation-independent reaction activity of AuNRs. Data analytics are introduced to determine a large number of AuNRs orientation obtained from a series of polarized DFM images, allowing us to real-time monitor reaction activity of AuNRs at all orientations, and also makes it possible to study the global and local reaction processes of AuNRs at single-particle level. Our method is expected to provide a new strategy for analytical study and single-particle sensing in chemistry.
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