1
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Naruse S, Muroyama H, Matsui T, Eguchi K. Adaptability of Heteropolytungstate Anions as Efficient Anode Redox Mediators in Redox Flow Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301305. [PMID: 38628077 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Heteropolyanions (HPAs) are known as the candidate for an anode redox mediator for redox flow polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The electrochemical properties of HPAs differ depending on the transition elements and heteroatoms in HPAs. For example, heteropolytungstate anions (W-HPAs), in which the transition element is tungsten, have a lower one-electron reduction potential than other HPAs. Therefore, it has been reported that redox flow PEFCs adapted with W-HPAs exhibit high power generation performance. On the other hand, studies on the heteroatoms of HPAs are limited only to electrochemical properties, and statistical and comprehensive studies on the power generation performance of redox flow PEFCs are lacking. Thus, it is beneficial to clarify the optimal heteroatom in order to design anolytes suitable for redox flow PEFCs. In this study, heteropolytungstate anions with different heteroatoms were adapted as anodic redox mediators in a redox flow PEFC. In power generation tests, the redox flow PEFC with an anolyte of zinctungstate anion showed the highest performance. Zinctungstate anion exhibited the fastest reduction and oxidation rates among the W-HPAs investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Naruse
- Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Katsura campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Muroyama
- Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Katsura campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Matsui
- Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Katsura campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Koichi Eguchi
- Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Katsura campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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2
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Han J, Tan H, Guo K, Lv H, Peng X, Zhang W, Lin H, Apfel UP, Cao R. The "Pull Effect" of a Hanging Zn II on Improving the Four-Electron Oxygen Reduction Selectivity with Co Porphyrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409793. [PMID: 38923266 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the challenge of cleaving O-O bonds at single Co sites, mononuclear Co complexes typically show poor selectivity for the four-electron (4e-) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we report on selective 4e- ORR catalyzed by a Co porphyrin with a hanged ZnII ion. Inspired by Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, we designed and synthesized 1-CoZn with a hanging ZnII at the second sphere of a Co porphyrin. Complex 1-CoZn is much more effective than its Zn-lacking analogues to catalyze the 4e- ORR in neutral aqueous solutions, giving an electron number of 3.91 per O2 reduction. With spectroscopic studies, the hanging ZnII was demonstrated to be able to facilitate the electron transfer from CoII to O2, through an electronic "pull effect", to give CoIII-superoxo. Theoretical studies further suggested that this "pull effect" plays crucial roles in assisting O-O bond cleavage. This work is significant to present a new strategy of hanging a ZnII to improve O2 activation and O-O bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huang Tan
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haoyuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinyang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Activation of Small Molecules/Technical Electrochemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Karagiannis A, Neugebauer H, Lalancette RA, Grimme S, Hansen A, Prokopchuk DE. Pushing the Limits of Organometallic Redox Chemistry with an Isolable Mn(-I) Dianion. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19279-19285. [PMID: 38976843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
We report an incredibly reducing and redox-active Mn-I dianion, [Mn(CO)3(Ph2B(tBuNHC)2)]2- (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene), furnished via 2e- reduction of the parent 16e- MnI complex with Na0 or K0. Cyclic voltammograms show a Mn0/-I redox couple at -3.13 V vs Fc+/0 in tetrahydrofuran (THF), -3.06 V in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and -2.85 V in acetonitrile. The diamagnetic Mn-I dianion is stable in solution and solid-state at room temperature, tolerating a wide range of countercations ([M(2.2.2)crypt]+, [M(18-crown-6)]+, [nBu4N]+; M = Na, K). Countercation identity does not significantly alter 13C NMR spectral signatures with [nBu4N]+ and Na+, suggesting minimal ion pairing in solution. IR spectroscopy reveals a significant decrease in CO stretching frequencies from MnI to Mn-I (ca. 240 cm-1), consistent with a drastic increase in electron density at Mn. State-of-the-art DFT calculations are in excellent agreement with the observed IR spectral data. Moreover, the Mn-I dianion behaves as a chemical reductant, smoothly releasing 1e- or 2e- to regenerate the oxidized Mn0 or MnI species in solution. The reducing potential of [Mn(CO)3(Ph2B(tBuNHC)2)]2- surpasses the naphthalenide anion in THF (-3.09 V) and represents one of the strongest isolable chemical redox agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ageliki Karagiannis
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Hagen Neugebauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Roger A Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Demyan E Prokopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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4
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Liu S, Wang A, Liu Y, Zhou W, Wen H, Zhang H, Sun K, Li S, Zhou J, Wang Y, Jiang J, Li B. Catalytically Active Carbon for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Energy Conversion: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308040. [PMID: 38581142 PMCID: PMC11165562 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The shortage and unevenness of fossil energy sources are affecting the development and progress of human civilization. The technology of efficiently converting material resources into energy for utilization and storage is attracting the attention of researchers. Environmentally friendly biomass materials are a treasure to drive the development of new-generation energy sources. Electrochemical theory is used to efficiently convert the chemical energy of chemical substances into electrical energy. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of green and economical electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Although many reviews have been reported around the application of biomass-derived catalytically active carbon (CAC) catalysts in ORR, these reviews have only selected a single/partial topic (including synthesis and preparation of catalysts from different sources, structural optimization, or performance enhancement methods based on CAC catalysts, and application of biomass-derived CACs) for discussion. There is no review that systematically addresses the latest progress in the synthesis, performance enhancement, and applications related to biomass-derived CAC-based oxygen reduction electrocatalysts synchronously. This review fills the gap by providing a timely and comprehensive review and summary from the following sections: the exposition of the basic catalytic principles of ORR, the summary of the chemical composition and structural properties of various types of biomass, the analysis of traditional and the latest popular biomass-derived CAC synthesis methods and optimization strategies, and the summary of the practical applications of biomass-derived CAC-based oxidative reduction electrocatalysts. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest advances to provide research directions and design ideas for the development of catalyst synthesis/optimization and contributes to the industrialization of biomass-derived CAC electrocatalysis and electric energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Liu
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Ao Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
- College of ScienceHenan Agricultural University95 Wenhua RoadZhengzhou450002P. R. China
| | - Wenshu Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Hao Wen
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Kang Sun
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Li
- College of ScienceHenan Agricultural University95 Wenhua RoadZhengzhou450002P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- College of ScienceHenan Agricultural University95 Wenhua RoadZhengzhou450002P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Center for Carbon‐based Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of NanodevicesSchool of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Baojun Li
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
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5
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Cooney SE, Schreiber E, Ferrigno BM, Matson EM. O 2 reduction via proton-coupled electron transfer by a V(III) aquo on a polyoxovanadate-alkoxide cluster. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5610-5613. [PMID: 38713068 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01331j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
We report the transfer of H-atoms from a reduced polyoxovanadate alkoxide [nOct4N][V6O6(OH2)(OMe)12] via concerted proton-electron transfer. Oxygen reduction is compared between bridging and terminal O-H bonds revealing similar mechanisms, providing new insight to design criteria for metal-oxide electrocatalysts that faciliate oxygen reduction by concerted-proton electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Cooney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA.
| | - Eric Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA.
| | - Baela M Ferrigno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA.
| | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA.
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6
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Hu T, Yang J, Li Y. High-entropy PtCuSnWNb nanoalloys as efficient and stable catalysts for ethanol oxidation electrocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4072-4075. [PMID: 38505979 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ternary nanoalloys used as electrochemical ethanol oxidation catalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells are confronted with poor stability issues under harsh acidic operating conditions. To address this issue, a carbon-supported quinary PtCuSnWNb high-entropy nanoalloy (denoted as PtCuSnWNb/C) was synthesized by using a polyol reduction method. Due to the unique high-entropy mixing states and strong catalyst-support interactions, PtCuSnWNb/C shows robust structural and compositional stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Tieyu Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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7
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Dagar M, Brennessel WW, Matson EM. Elucidation of Design Criteria for V-based Redox Mediators: Structure-Function Relationships that Dictate Rates of Heterogeneous Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2024:e202400764. [PMID: 38574277 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Redox mediators are attractive solutions for addressing the stringent kinetic stipulations required for efficient energy conversion processes. In this work, we compare the electrochemical properties of four vanadium complexes, namely [V(acac)3], [V6O7(OMe)12], [nBu4N]3[V6O13(TRISNO2)2], and [nBu4N]5[V18O46(NO3)] in non-aqueous solutions on glassy carbon electrodes. The goal of this study is to investigate the electron transfer kinetics and diffusivity of these compounds under identical experimental conditions to develop an understanding of structure-function relationships that dictate the physicochemical properties of vanadium oxide assemblies. Complex selection was dictated by two criteria - (1) nuclearity of the transition metal complexes (2) distribution of electron density in the native electronic configuration. Our analyses establish that electronic communication between metal centers significantly impacts charge transfer kinetics of these vanadium-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Dagar
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemistry, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - Ellen M Matson
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemistry, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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8
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Zhang S, Yin L, Wang S, Liu JC, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Zhang Q, Du Y. Ternary Rare Earth Alloy Pt 3-xIr xSc Nanoparticles Modulate Negatively Charged Pt via Charge Transfer To Facilitate pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23103-23114. [PMID: 37930125 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth (RE) elements possess electronic configurations that can provide additional pathways for tailoring the electronic structures of active elements through alloying, making it an important area of exploration in electrocatalysis. However, the large negative redox potential between RE and Pt has hindered the development of RE nanoalloys. In this study, a solid-phase synthesis strategy was employed to synthesize ternary Pt3-xIrxSc nanoparticles (NPs). By leveraging the electronegativity difference between Pt (2.28), Ir (2.20), and Sc (1.36), a charge-balance strategy was implemented to stabilize and enhance the catalytic performance of the alloy. The electron transfer from Sc to Pt/Ir results in the latter being negatively charged, and the Ir modifies the electron density of Pt, enabling favorable adsorption of active H species during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Pt2IrSc exhibits enhanced HER activity at all pH values, achieving low overpotentials at 10 mA cm-2 of only 13, 18, and 25 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4, 1 M PBS, and 1 M KOH, respectively. This electrocatalyst also exhibits robust electrocatalytic stability even after 20,000 cycles. This work represents an application of the charge balance strategy to RE nanoalloys, and it is expected to inspire the design and synthesis of highly reactive RE nanoalloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Leilei Yin
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, and School of Resources Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yongqing Wen
- Rare Earth Advanced Materials Technology Innovation Center, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yaping Du
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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9
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Zhang HT, Xie F, Guo YH, Xiao Y, Zhang MT. Selective Four-Electron Reduction of Oxygen by a Nonheme Heterobimetallic CuFe Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310775. [PMID: 37837365 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the first nonheme CuFe oxygen reduction catalyst ([CuII (bpbp)(μ-OAc)2 FeIII ]2+ , CuFe-OAc), which serves as a functional model of cytochrome c oxidase and can catalyze oxygen reduction to water with a turnover frequency of 2.4×103 s-1 and selectivity of 96.0 % in the presence of Et3 NH+ . This performance significantly outcompetes its homobimetallic analogues (2.7 s-1 of CuCu-OAc with %H2 O2 selectivity of 98.9 %, and inactive of FeFe-OAc) under the same conditions. Structure-activity relationship studies, in combination with density functional theory calculation, show that the CuFe center efficiently mediates O-O bond cleavage via a CuII (μ-η1 : η2 -O2 )FeIII peroxo intermediate in which the peroxo ligand possesses distinctive coordinating and electronic character. Our work sheds light on the nature of Cu/Fe heterobimetallic cooperation in oxygen reduction catalysis and demonstrates the potential of this synergistic effect in the design of nonheme oxygen reduction catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu-Hua Guo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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10
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Ke X, Zhou F, Chen Y, Zhao M, Yang Y, Jin H, Dong Y, Zou C, Chen X, Zhang L, Wang S. Modifying charge transfer between rhodium and ceria for boosted hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline electrolyte. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1842-1850. [PMID: 37515974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline solution has restricted the rapid development of hydrogen economy. Constructing catalyst with metal-oxide heterostructures can enhance HOR performance; however, little studies concentrate on charge transfer between them, and the corresponding effects on reactions remain unclear. Herein, we report charge-transfer-adjustable CeO2/Rh interfaces uniformly dispersed on multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT), which exhibit excellent alkaline HOR performance. Results confirm that the charge transfer from Rh to CeO2 could be conveniently tuned via thermal treatment. Consequently, the adsorption free energies of H* in Rh sites and OH* adsorption strength in CeO2 could be adjusted, as corroborated by density functional theory study. The optimized CeO2/Rh interfaces exhibit an exchange current density and a mass-specific kinetic current of 0.53 mA cmPGM-2 and 830 A gPGM-1 at an overpotential of 50 mV, respectively, which surpasses most of the advanced noble-metal-based electrocatalysts. This work provides a new insight of harnessing charge transfer of heterostructure to enhance catalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ke
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Yihuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Huile Jin
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Youqing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Chao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Xi'an Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Shun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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11
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Meng J, Qin H, Lei H, Li X, Fan J, Zhang W, Apfel UP, Cao R. Adapting Synthetic Models of Heme/Cu Sites to Energy-Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202312255. [PMID: 37921242 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In nature, cytochrome c oxidases catalyze the 4e- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the heme/Cu site, in which CuI is used to assist O2 activation. Because of the thermodynamic barrier to generate CuI , synthetic Fe-porphyrin/Cu complexes usually show moderate electrocatalytic ORR activity. We herein report on a Co-corrole/Co complex 1-Co for energy-efficient electrocatalytic ORR. By hanging a CoII ion over Co corrole, 1-Co realizes electrocatalytic 4e- ORR with a half-wave potential of 0.89 V versus RHE, which is outstanding among corrole-based electrocatalysts. Notably, 1-Co outperforms Co corrole hanged with CuII or ZnII . We revealed that the hanging CoII ion can provide an electron to improve O2 binding thermodynamically and dynamically, a function represented by the biological CuI ion of the heme/Cu site. This work is significant to present a remarkable ORR electrocatalyst and to show the vital role of a second-sphere redox-active metal ion in promoting O2 binding and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haonan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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12
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Twilton J, Johnson MR, Sidana V, Franke MC, Bottecchia C, Lehnherr D, Lévesque F, Knapp SMM, Wang L, Gerken JB, Hong CM, Vickery TP, Weisel MD, Strotman NA, Weix DJ, Root TW, Stahl SS. Quinone-mediated hydrogen anode for non-aqueous reductive electrosynthesis. Nature 2023; 623:71-76. [PMID: 37604186 PMCID: PMC10777621 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis can provide more sustainable routes to industrial chemicals1-3. Electrosynthetic oxidations may often be performed 'reagent-free', generating hydrogen (H2) derived from the substrate as the sole by-product at the counter electrode. Electrosynthetic reductions, however, require an external source of electrons. Sacrificial metal anodes are commonly used for small-scale applications4, but more sustainable options are needed at larger scale. Anodic water oxidation is an especially appealing option1,5,6, but many reductions require anhydrous, air-free reaction conditions. In such cases, H2 represents an ideal alternative, motivating the growing interest in the electrochemical hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) under non-aqueous conditions7-12. Here we report a mediated H2 anode that achieves indirect electrochemical oxidation of H2 by pairing thermal catalytic hydrogenation of an anthraquinone mediator with electrochemical oxidation of the anthrahydroquinone. This quinone-mediated H2 anode is used to support nickel-catalysed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC), a reaction class gaining widespread adoption in the pharmaceutical industry13-15. Initial validation of this method in small-scale batch reactions is followed by adaptation to a recirculating flow reactor that enables hectogram-scale synthesis of a pharmaceutical intermediate. The mediated H2 anode technology disclosed here offers a general strategy to support H2-driven electrosynthetic reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Twilton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mathew R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vinayak Sidana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mareena C Franke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Dan Lehnherr
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Spring M M Knapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James B Gerken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cynthia M Hong
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas P Vickery
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Mark D Weisel
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Neil A Strotman
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel J Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Thatcher W Root
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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13
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Konev DV, Zader PA, Vorotyntsev MA. Evolution of the Bromate Electrolyte Composition in the Course of Its Electroreduction inside a Membrane-Electrode Assembly with a Proton-Exchange Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15297. [PMID: 37894976 PMCID: PMC10607049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The passage of cathodic current through the acidized aqueous bromate solution (catholyte) leads to a negative shift of the average oxidation degree of Br atoms. It means a distribution of Br-containing species in various oxidation states between -1 and +5, which are mutually transformed via numerous protonation/deprotonation, chemical, and redox/electrochemical steps. This process is also accompanied by the change in the proton (H+) concentration, both due to the participation of H+ ions in these steps and due to the H+ flux through the cation-exchange membrane separating the cathodic and anodic compartments. Variations of the composition of the catholyte concentrations of all these components has been analyzed for various initial concentrations of sulfuric acid, cA0 (0.015-0.3 M), and two values of the total concentrations of Br atoms inside the system, ctot (0.1 or 1.0 M of Br atoms), as functions of the average Br-atom oxidation degree, x, under the condition of the thermodynamic equilibrium of the above transformations. It is shown that during the exhaustion of the redox capacity of the catholyte (x pass from 5 to -1), the pH value passes through a maximum. Its height and the corresponding average oxidation state of bromine atoms depend on the initial bromate/acid ratio. The constructed algorithm can be used to select the initial acid content in the bromate catholyte, which is optimal from the point of view of preventing the formation of liquid bromine at the maximum content of electroactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Konev
- Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Zader
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Vorotyntsev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
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14
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Liu M, Feng T, Wang Y, Kou G, Wang Q, Wang Q, Qiu Y. Metal-free electrochemical dihydroxylation of unactivated alkenes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6467. [PMID: 37833286 PMCID: PMC10575955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a metal-free electrochemical dihydroxylation of unactivated alkenes is described. The transformation proceeds smoothly under mild conditions with a broad range of unactivated alkenes, providing valuable and versatile dihydroxylated products in moderate to good yields without the addition of costly transition metals and stoichiometric amounts of chemical oxidants. Moreover, this method can be applied to a range of natural products and pharmaceutical derivatives, further demonstrating its synthetic utility. Mechanistic studies have revealed that iodohydrin and epoxide intermediate are formed during the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guangsheng Kou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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15
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Dou FY, Harvey SM, Mason KG, Homer MK, Gamelin DR, Cossairt BM. Effect of a redox-mediating ligand shell on photocatalysis by CdS quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2889496. [PMID: 37158330 DOI: 10.1063/5.0144896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are efficient organic photoredox catalysts due to their high extinction coefficients and easily tunable band edge potentials. Despite the majority of the surface being covered by ligands, our understanding of the effect of the ligand shell on organic photocatalysis is limited to steric effects. We hypothesize that we can increase the activity of QD photocatalysts by designing a ligand shell with targeted electronic properties, namely, redox-mediating ligands. Herein, we functionalize our QDs with hole-mediating ferrocene (Fc) derivative ligands and perform a reaction where the slow step is hole transfer from QD to substrate. Surprisingly, we find that a hole-shuttling Fc inhibits catalysis, but confers much greater stability to the catalyst by preventing a build-up of destructive holes. We also find that dynamically bound Fc ligands can promote catalysis by surface exchange and creation of a more permeable ligand shell. Finally, we find that trapping the electron on a ligand dramatically increases the rate of reaction. These results have major implications for understanding the rate-limiting processes for charge transfer from QDs and the role of the ligand shell in modulating it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Y Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Samantha M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Konstantina G Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Micaela K Homer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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16
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Wei L, Hossain MD, Boyd MJ, Aviles-Acosta J, Kreider ME, Nielander AC, Stevens MB, Jaramillo TF, Bajdich M, Hahn C. Insights into Active Sites and Mechanisms of Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation on Nickel–Iron Oxyhydroxide Electrodes. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingze Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Md Delowar Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael J. Boyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jaime Aviles-Acosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Melissa E. Kreider
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Adam C. Nielander
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michaela Burke Stevens
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michal Bajdich
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christopher Hahn
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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17
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Liu HL, He Z, Wang NN, Xu H, Fang P, Mei TS. C(sp 3)-H Alkenylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines via Merging Electrochemistry and Organocatalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:608-613. [PMID: 36695740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
C(sp3)-H alkenylation of tetrahydroisoquinoline by merging Shono oxidation and the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction is developed, employing 4-dimethylaminopyridine as an organocatalyst and TEMPO/NaBr as an electrocatalyst. The reaction proceeds via the interception of an iminium cation intermediate, which is generated in situ from anodic oxidation, leading to aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction products. Additionally, the use of TEMPO and NaBr as mediators is crucial to avoid the decomposition of products by lowering the oxidation potential of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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18
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Battistella B, Iffland-Mühlhaus L, Schütze M, Cula B, Kuhlmann U, Dau H, Hildebrandt P, Lohmiller T, Mebs S, Apfel UP, Ray K. Evidence of Sulfur Non-Innocence in [Co II (dithiacyclam)] 2+ -Mediated Catalytic Oxygen Reduction Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214074. [PMID: 36378951 PMCID: PMC10108118 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In many metalloenzymes, sulfur-containing ligands participate in catalytic processes, mainly via the involvement in electron transfer reactions. In a biomimetic approach, we now demonstrate the implication of S-ligation in cobalt mediated oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). A comparative study between the catalytic ORR capabilities of the four-nitrogen bound [Co(cyclam)]2+ (1; cyclam=1,5,8,11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane) and the S-containing analog [Co(S2 N2 -cyclam)]2+ (2; S2 N2 -cyclam=1,8-dithia-5,11-diaza-cyclotetradecane) reveals improved catalytic performance once the chalcogen is introduced in the Co coordination sphere. Trapping and characterization of the intermediates formed upon dioxygen activation at the CoII centers in 1 and 2 point to the involvement of sulfur in the O2 reduction process as the key for the improved catalytic ORR capabilities of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Battistella
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Iffland-Mühlhaus
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maximillian Schütze
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Cula
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Kuhlmann
- Institut für Chemie, Fakultät II, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Institut für Physik, Freie Universität zu Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Hildebrandt
- Institut für Chemie, Fakultät II, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lohmiller
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,EPR4Energy Joint Lab, Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 16, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Physik, Freie Universität zu Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Department for Electrosynthesis, Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Kallol Ray
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Abstract
Homogeneous electrocatalysis has been well studied over the past several decades for the conversion of small molecules to useful products for green energy applications or as chemical feedstocks. However, in order for these catalyst systems to be used in industrial applications, their activity and stability must be improved. In naturally occurring enzymes, redox equivalents (electrons, often in a concerted manner with protons) are delivered to enzyme active sites by small molecules known as redox mediators (RMs). Inspired by this, co-electrocatalytic systems with homogeneous catalysts and RMs have been developed for the conversion of alcohols, nitrogen, unsaturated organic substrates, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. In these systems, the RMs have been shown to both increase the activity of the catalyst and shift selectivity to more desired products by altering catalytic cycles and/or avoiding high-energy intermediates. However, the area is currently underdeveloped and requires additional fundamental advancements in order to become a more general strategy. Here, we summarize the recent examples of homogeneous co-electrocatalysis and discuss possible future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Charles W Machan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
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20
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Reinikovaite V, Zukauskas S, Zalneravicius R, Ratautaite V, Ramanavicius S, Bucinskas V, Vilkiene M, Ramanavicius A, Samukaite-Bubniene U. Assessment of Rhizobium anhuiense Bacteria as a Potential Biocatalyst for Microbial Biofuel Cell Design. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:bios13010066. [PMID: 36671901 PMCID: PMC9855892 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of microbial fuel cells based on electro-catalytic processes is among the novel topics, which are recently emerging in the sustainable development of energetic systems. Microbial fuel cells have emerged as unique biocatalytic systems, which transform the chemical energy accumulated in renewable organic fuels and at the same time reduce pollution from hazardous organic compounds. However, not all microorganisms involved in metabolic/catalytic processes generate sufficient redox potential. In this research, we have assessed the applicability of the microorganism Rhizobium anhuiense as a catalyst suitable for the design of microbial fuel cells. To improve the charge transfer, several redox mediators were tested, namely menadione, riboflavin, and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ). The best performance was determined for a Rhizobium anhuiense-based bio-anode mediated by menadione with a 0.385 mV open circuit potential and 5.5 μW/cm2 maximal power density at 0.35 mV, which generated 50 μA/cm2 anode current at the same potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Reinikovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sarunas Zukauskas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Nanotechnology, Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rokas Zalneravicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Nanotechnology, Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Bucinskas
- Department of Mechatronics, Robotics, and Digital Manufacturing, Faculty of Mechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, J. Basanaviciaus Str. 28, LT-03224 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Monika Vilkiene
- Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto Ave. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Urte Samukaite-Bubniene
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Nanotechnology, Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Mechatronics, Robotics, and Digital Manufacturing, Faculty of Mechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, J. Basanaviciaus Str. 28, LT-03224 Vilnius, Lithuania
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21
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Malakar CC, Dell'Amico L, Zhang W. Dual Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: Current Challenges and New Trends. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol Imphal 795004 Manipur India
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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22
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Li G, Wang S, Li H, Guo P, Li Y, Ji D, Zhao X. Carbon-Supported PdCu Alloy as Extraordinary Electrocatalysts for Methanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4210. [PMID: 36500832 PMCID: PMC9736472 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) nanostructures are highly active non-platinum anodic electrocatalysts in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), and their electrocatalytic performance relies highly on their morphology and composition. This study reports the preparation, characterizations, and electrocatalytic properties of palladium-copper alloys loaded on the carbon support. XC-72 was used as a support, and hydrazine hydrate served as a reducing agent. PdxCuy/XC-72 nanoalloy catalysts were prepared in a one-step chemical reduction process with different ratios of Pd and Cu. A range of analytical techniques was used to characterize the microstructure and electronic properties of the catalysts, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Benefiting from excellent electronic structure, Pd3Cu2/XC-72 achieves higher mass activity enhancement and improves durability for MOR. Considering the simple synthesis, excellent activity, and long-term stability, PdxCuy/XC-72 anodic electrocatalysts will be highly promising in alkaline DMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shoudeng Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Basic Research Innovation Group, Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Basic Research Innovation Group, Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Peng Guo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Basic Research Innovation Group, Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yanru Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Basic Research Innovation Group, Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Dong Ji
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xinhong Zhao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
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23
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Application of a TEMPO-Polypyrrole Polymer for NOx-Mediated Oxygen Electroreduction. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the key processes for electrochemical energy storage, such as the cathode process in fuel cells and metal–air batteries. To date, the efficiency of the ORR half-reaction limits the overall performance of these energy storage devices. Traditional platinum-based materials are expensive and cannot provide the desired ORR efficiency. As an alternative, a new catalytic scheme for an ORR was proposed, which consisted of an electrode modified with a TEMPO-containing conductive polymer and a solution redox mediator system based on nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOx is perfect for oxygen reduction in solution, which, however, cannot be efficiently reduced onto a pristine electrode, while TEMPO is inactive in the ORR itself but catalyzes the electrochemical reduction of NO2 on the electrode surface. Together, these catalysts have a synergistic effect, enabling an efficient ORR in an acidic medium. In the present study, the synthesis of a novel TEMPO-containing conductive polymer and its application in the synergistic ORR system with a NOx mediator is described. The proposed mediator system may increase the performance of proton-exchange fuel cells and metal–air batteries.
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24
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Fenton A, Ashraf Gandomi Y, Mallia CT, Neyhouse BJ, Kpeglo MA, Exson WE, Wan CTC, Brushett FR. Toward a Mechanically Rechargeable Solid Fuel Flow Battery Based on Earth-Abundant Materials. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40540-40547. [PMID: 36385869 PMCID: PMC9648110 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal-air batteries are a promising energy storage solution, but material limitations (e.g., metal passivation and low active material utilization) have stymied their adoption. We investigate a solid fuel flow battery (SFFB) architecture that combines the energy density of metal-air batteries with the modularity of redox flow batteries. Specifically, a metallic solid electrochemical fuel (SEF) is spatially separated from the anodic current collector, a dissolved redox mediator (RM) shuttles charges between the two, and an oxygen reduction cathode completes the circuit. This modification decouples power and energy system components while enabling mechanical recharging and mitigating the effects of nonuniform metal oxidation. We conduct an exploratory study showing that metallic SEFs can chemically reduce organic RMs repeatedly. We subsequently operate a proof-of-concept SFFB cell for ca. 25 days as an initial demonstration of technical feasibility. Overall, this work illustrates the potential of this storage concept and highlights scientific and engineering pathways to improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis
M. Fenton
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Yasser Ashraf Gandomi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Christopher T. Mallia
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Bertrand J. Neyhouse
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - M. Aba Kpeglo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - William E. Exson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Charles Tai-Chieh Wan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Fikile R. Brushett
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
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25
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Shi J, Xie WZ, Wang LR, Song YL, Lin Y, Wu Y, Luo H, Huang KJ, Tan X. All-carbon sandwich-type self-powered biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of femtomolar miRNA-141. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1236:340589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Recent Advances of Single-atom Catalysts for Electro-catalysis. Chem Res Chin Univ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-022-2216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Lv J, Lang Z, Fu J, Lan Q, Liu R, Zang H, Li Y, Ye D, Streb C. Molecular Iron Oxide Clusters Boost the Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Platinum Electrocatalysts at Near‐Neutral pH. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202650. [PMID: 35381106 PMCID: PMC9546390 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key energy conversion process, which is critical for the efficient operation of fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Here, we report the significant enhancement of the ORR‐performance of commercial platinum‐on‐carbon electrocatalysts when operated in aqueous electrolyte solutions (pH 5.6), containing the polyoxoanion [Fe28(μ3‐O)8(L‐(−)‐tart)16(CH3COO)24]20−. Mechanistic studies provide initial insights into the performance‐improving role of the iron oxide cluster during ORR. Technological deployment of the system is demonstrated by incorporation into a direct formate microfluidic fuel cell (DFMFC), where major performance increases are observed when compared with reference electrolytes. The study provides the first examples of iron oxide clusters in electrochemical energy conversion and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Qi Lv
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Zhong‐Ling Lang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Jia‐Qi Fu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Qiao Lan
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Rongji Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) Helmholtzstr. 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Hong‐Ying Zang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Yang‐Guang Li
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Ding‐Ding Ye
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) Helmholtzstr. 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55131 Mainz Germany
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28
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Wu T, Rajabimoghadam K, Puri A, Hebert DD, Qiu YL, Eichelberger S, Siegler MA, Swart M, Hendrich MP, Garcia-Bosch I. A 4H +/4e - Electron-Coupled-Proton Buffer Based on a Mononuclear Cu Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16905-16915. [PMID: 36083845 PMCID: PMC10123533 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this research article, we describe a 4H+/4e- electron-coupled-proton buffer (ECPB) based on Cu and a redox-active ligand. The protonated/reduced ECPB (complex 1: [Cu(8H+/14e-)]1+), consisting of CuI with 2 equiv of the ligand (catLH4: 1,1'-(4,5-dimethoxy-1,2-phenylene)bis(3-(tert-butyl)urea)), reacted with H+/e- acceptors such as O2 to generate the deprotonated/oxidized ECPB. The resulting compound, (complex 5: [Cu(4H+/10e-)]1+), was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and density functional theory, and it is electronically described as a cuprous bis(benzoquinonediimine) species. The stoichiometric 4H+/4e- reduction of 5 was carried out with H+/e- donors to generate 1 (CuI and 2 equiv of catLH4) and the corresponding oxidation products. The 1/5 ECPB system catalyzed the 4H+/4e- reduction of O2 to H2O and the dehydrogenation of organic substrates in a decoupled (oxidations and reductions are separated in time and space) and a coupled fashion (oxidations and reductions coincide in time and space). Mechanistic analysis revealed that upon reductive protonation of 5 and oxidative deprotonation of 1, fast disproportionation reactions regenerate complexes 5 and 1 in a stoichiometric fashion to maintain the ECPB equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | | | - Ankita Puri
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - David D Hebert
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yi Lin Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sidney Eichelberger
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Marcel Swart
- University of Girona, IQCC, Campus Montilivi (Cie#x300;ncies), 17003 Girona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael P Hendrich
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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29
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Zhu J, Xia L, Yu R, Lu R, Li J, He R, Wu Y, Zhang W, Hong X, Chen W, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Mai L, Wang Z. Ultrahigh Stable Methanol Oxidation Enabled by a High Hydroxyl Concentration on Pt Clusters/MXene Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15529-15538. [PMID: 35943197 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Anchoring platinum catalysts on appropriate supports, e.g., MXenes, is a feasible pathway to achieve a desirable anode for direct methanol fuel cells. The authentic performance of Pt is often hindered by the occupancy and poisoning of active sites, weak interaction between Pt and supports, and the dissolution of Pt. Herein, we construct three-dimensional (3D) crumpled Ti3C2Tx MXene balls with abundant Ti vacancies for Pt confinement via a spray-drying process. The as-prepared Pt clusters/Ti3C2Tx (Ptc/Ti3C2Tx) show enhanced electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activity, including a relatively low overpotential, high tolerance to CO poisoning, and ultrahigh stability. Specifically, it achieves a high mass activity of up to 7.32 A mgPt-1, which is the highest value reported to date in Pt-based electrocatalysts, and 42% of the current density is retained on Ptc/Ti3C2Tx even after the 3000 min operative time. In situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that an electric field-induced repulsion on the Ptc/Ti3C2Tx interface accelerates the combination of OH- and CO adsorption intermediates (COads) in kinetics and thermodynamics. Besides, this Ptc/Ti3C2Tx also efficiently electrocatalyze ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol oxidation reactions with comparable activity and stability to commercial Pt/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lixue Xia
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ruohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ruihu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ruhan He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yucai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Ferro & Piezoelectric Materials and Devices, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.,Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.,Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu hydrogen Valley, Foshan 528200, P. R. China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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30
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Lei H, Zhang Q, Liang Z, Guo H, Wang Y, Lv H, Li X, Zhang W, Apfel UP, Cao R. Metal-Corrole-Based Porous Organic Polymers for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201104. [PMID: 35355376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Integrating molecular catalysts into designed frameworks often enables improved catalysis. Compared with porphyrin-based frameworks, metal-corrole-based frameworks have been rarely developed, although monomeric metal corroles are usually more efficient than porphyrin counterparts for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). We herein report on metal-corrole-based porous organic polymers (POPs) as ORR and OER electrocatalysts. M-POPs (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Cu) were synthesized by coupling metal 10-phenyl-5,15-(4-iodophenyl)corrole with tetrakis(4-ethynylphenyl)methane. Compared with metal corrole monomers, M-POPs displayed significantly enhanced catalytic activity and stability. Co-POP outperformed other M-POPs by achieving four-electron ORR with a half-wave potential of 0.87 V vs. RHE and reaching 10 mA cm-2 OER current density at 340 mV overpotential. This work is unparalleled to develop and explore metal-corrole-based POPs as electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zuozhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haoyuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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31
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Zhang F, Gao M, Huang S, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu L, Han M, Wang Q. Redox Targeting of Energy Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104562. [PMID: 34595770 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The redox-targeting (RT) process or redox-mediated process, which provides great operation flexibility in circumventing the constraints intrinsically posed by the conventional electrochemical systems, is intriguing for various energy storage and conversion applications. Implementation of the RT reactions in redox-flow cells, which involves a close-loop electrochemical-chemical cycle between an electrolyte-borne redox mediator and an energy storage or conversion material, not only boosts the energy density of flow battery system, but also offers a versatile research platform applied to a wide variety of chemistries for different applications. Here, the recent progress of RT-based energy storage and conversion systems is summarized and great versatility of RT processes for various energy-related applications is demonstrated, particularly for large-scale energy storage, spatially decoupled water electrolysis, electrolytic N2 reduction, thermal-to-electrical conversion, spent battery material recycling, and more. The working principle, materials aspects, and factors dictating the operation are highlighted to reveal the critical roles of RT reactions for each application. In addition, the challenges lying ahead for deployment are stated and recommendations for addressing these constraints are provided. It is anticipated that the RT concept of energy materials will provide important implications and eventually offer a credible solution for advanced large-scale energy storage and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Shiqiang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Lijun Liu
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Ming Han
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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32
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Lv J, Lang Z, Fu J, Lan Q, Liu R, Zang H, Li Y, Ye D, Streb C. Molecular Iron Oxide Clusters Boost the Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Platinum Electrocatalysts at Near‐Neutral pH. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Qi Lv
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Zhong‐Ling Lang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Jia‐Qi Fu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Qiao Lan
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Rongji Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) Helmholtzstr. 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Hong‐Ying Zang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Yang‐Guang Li
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Ding‐Ding Ye
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Ulm (HIU) Helmholtzstr. 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55131 Mainz Germany
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33
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Lei H, Zhang Q, Liang Z, Guo H, Wang Y, Lv H, Li X, Zhang W, Apfel U, Cao R. Metal‐Corrole‐Based Porous Organic Polymers for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Zuozhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Yabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Haoyuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Ulf‐Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie I Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Strasse 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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34
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Jin X, Zhao Y, Gu X, Zhong M, Kong X, Li G, Tian G, Liu J. Quantification of Myoinositol in Serum by Electrochemical Detection with an Unmodified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:3998338. [PMID: 35392281 PMCID: PMC8983225 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3998338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Simple, rapid, and accurate detection of myoinositol (MI) concentration in blood is crucial in diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome, neurological disorders, and cancer. A novel electrochemical detection (IED) method was established to quantify MI in human serum using a disposable unmodified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the first time. MI was detected indirectly by the reaction product of myoinositol dehydrogenase (IDH) and cofactor β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Good linear calibration curves were obtained at the concentration range from 5.0 μM to 500.0 μM (R 2 = 0.9981) with the lower limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 1.0 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively. Recoveries were calculated at three spiked concentrations, and the values were between 90.3 and 106%, with relative standard deviation values of 3.2-6.2% for intraday precision and 7.1-9.0% for interday precision. The SPCE-electrochemical biosensor is simple, accurate, and without modification, showing great potential for point-of-care testing (POCT) of serum MI in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiujuan Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xin Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Guangrong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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35
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Zeng Y, Chen T, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhou H, Yu L. Mesoporous Mn‐Se/Al
2
O
3
: A Recyclable and Reusable Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Tian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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36
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Hatch CE, Martin MI, Gilmartin PH, Xiong L, Beam DJ, Yap GPA, Von Bargen MJ, Rosenthal J, Chain WJ. Electrochemically Mediated Oxidation of Sensitive Propargylic Benzylic Alcohols. Org Lett 2022; 24:1423-1428. [PMID: 35148118 PMCID: PMC9097598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of sensitive propargylic benzylic alcohols having varying substituents is reported. We describe the preparation and characterization of N-hydroxytetrafluorophthalimide (TFNHPI) and pseudo-high-throughput development of a green electrochemical oxidation protocol for sensitive propargylic benzylic alcohols that employs TFNHPI as a stable electrochemical mediator. The electrochemical oxidation of propargylic benzylic alcohols was leveraged to develop short synthetic pathways for preparing gram quantities of resveratrol natural products such as pauciflorols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad E Hatch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Maxwell I Martin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Philip H Gilmartin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Lu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Danielle J Beam
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Matthew J Von Bargen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joel Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - William J Chain
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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37
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Bruch QJ, Malakar S, Goldman AS, Miller AJM. Mechanisms of Electrochemical N 2 Splitting by a Molybdenum Pincer Complex. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2307-2318. [PMID: 35043634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molybdenum complexes supported by tridentate pincer ligands are exceptional catalysts for dinitrogen fixation using chemical reductants, but little is known about their prospects for electrochemical reduction of dinitrogen. The viability of electrochemical N2 binding and splitting by a molybdenum(III) pincer complex, (pyPNP)MoBr3 (pyPNP = 2,6-bis(tBu2PCH2)-C5H3N)), is established in this work, providing a foundation for a detailed mechanistic study of electrode-driven formation of the nitride complex (pyPNP)Mo(N)Br. Electrochemical kinetic analysis, optical and vibrational spectroelectrochemical monitoring, and computational studies point to two concurrent reaction pathways: In the reaction-diffusion layer near the electrode surface, the molybdenum(III) precursor is reduced by 2e- and generates a bimetallic molybdenum(I) Mo2(μ-N2) species capable of N-N bond scission; and in the bulk solution away from the electrode surface, over-reduced molybdenum(0) species undergo chemical redox reactions via comproportionation to generate the same bimetallic molybdenum(I) species capable of N2 cleavage. The comproportionation reactions reveal the surprising intermediacy of dimolybdenum(0) complex trans,trans-[(pyPNP)Mo(N2)2](μ-N2) in N2 splitting pathways. The same "over-reduced" molybdenum(0) species was also found to cleave N2 upon addition of lutidinium, an acid frequently used in catalytic reduction of dinitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Santanu Malakar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alan S Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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38
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Bates JS, Biswas S, Suh SE, Johnson MR, Mondal B, Root TW, Stahl SS. Chemical and Electrochemical O 2 Reduction on Earth-Abundant M-N-C Catalysts and Implications for Mediated Electrolysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:922-927. [PMID: 34985869 PMCID: PMC8833842 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
M-N-C catalysts, incorporating non-precious-metal ions (e.g. M = Fe, Co) within a nitrogen-doped carbon support, have been the focus of broad interest for electrochemical O2 reduction and aerobic oxidation reactions. The present study explores the mechanistic relationship between the O2 reduction mechanism under electrochemical and chemical conditions. Chemical O2 reduction is investigated via the aerobic oxidation of a hydroquinone, in which the O-H bonds supply the protons and electrons needed for O2 reduction to water. Mechanistic studies have been conducted to elucidate whether the M-N-C catalyst couples two independent half-reactions (IHR), similar to electrode-mediated processes, or mediates a direct inner-sphere reaction (ISR) between O2 and the organic molecule. Kinetic data support the latter ISR pathway. This conclusion is reinforced by rate/potential correlations that reveal significantly different Tafel slopes, implicating different mechanisms for chemical and electrochemical O2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Bates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sourav Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sung-Eun Suh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mathew R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Biswajit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thatcher W. Root
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA,Corresponding Authors: ;
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA,Corresponding Authors: ;
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39
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Surfactant-Free Monodispersed Pd Nanoparticles Template for Core-Shell Pd@PdPt Nanoparticles as Electrocatalyst towards Methanol Oxidation Reaction (MOR). NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020260. [PMID: 35055279 PMCID: PMC8778185 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An eco-friendly two-step synthetic method for synthesizing Pd@PdPt/CNTs nanoparticles was introduced and studied for the methanol oxidation reaction. The Pd@PdPt alloy core-shell structure was synthesized by preparing a surfactant-free monodispersed Pd/CNTs precursor through the hydrolysis of tetrachloropalladate (II) ion ([PdCl4]2−) in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the subsequent hydrogen reduction and followed by a galvanic replacement reaction. This method opens up an eco-friendly, practical, and straightforward route for synthesizing monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticles with a clean surfactant-free electrocatalytic surface. It is quite promising for large-scale preparation. The Pd@PdPt/CNTs electrocatalyst demonstrated a high specific mass activity for methanol oxidation (400.2 mAmgPt−1) and excellent stability towards direct methanol oxidation compared to its monometallic counterparts.
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40
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Ouyang D, Han Y, Wang F, Zhao X. All-iron ions mediated electron transfer for biomass pretreatment coupling with direct generation of electricity from lignocellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126189. [PMID: 34748975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A coupled process of biomass pretreatment for increasing cellulose digestibility and direct conversion of biomass to electricity has been developed with ferric or ferricyanide ions as the anode electron carriers, and Fe(NO3)3 activated by HNO3 as the cathode electron carriers. Pretreated substrates are subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis for release of fermentable sugars, while the pretreatment liquor is employed as anolyte for electricity generation in a liquid flow fuel cell (LFFC). Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with 2 M FeCl3 in anode reactor removes ∼ 100% hemicelluloses and obtains 76% enzymatic glucan conversion (EGC), while pretreatment with 0.1 M K3[Fe(CN)6] in 0.5 M KOH achieves 78% lignin removal, 95.8% EGC and 85.1% xylan conversion. From 1000 g bagasse, 171.3 g fermentable sugars is produced with co-generation of 101.4 W·h electricity based on FeCl3 pretreatment, while 519 g fermentable sugars and 28.9 W·h electricity are obtained based on K3[Fe(CN)6] pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yazhu Han
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Fangqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xuebing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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41
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Ma Q, Jin H, Zhu J, Li Z, Xu H, Liu B, Zhang Z, Ma J, Mu S. Stabilizing Fe-N-C Catalysts as Model for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102209. [PMID: 34687174 PMCID: PMC8655191 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The highly efficient energy conversion of the polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is extremely limited by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and poor electrochemical stability of catalysts. Hitherto, to replace costly Pt-based catalysts, non-noble-metal ORR catalysts are developed, among which transition metal-heteroatoms-carbon (TM-H-C) materials present great potential for industrial applications due to their outstanding catalytic activity and low expense. However, their poor stability during testing in a two-electrode system and their high complexity have become a big barrier for commercial applications. Thus, herein, to simplify the research, the typical Fe-N-C material with the relatively simple constitution and structure, is selected as a model catalyst for TM-H-C to explore and improve the stability of such a kind of catalysts. Then, different types of active sites (centers) and coordination in Fe-N-C are systematically summarized and discussed, and the possible attenuation mechanism and strategies are analyzed. Finally, some challenges faced by such catalysts and their prospects are proposed to shed some light on the future development trend of TM-H-C materials for advanced ORR catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong LaboratoryXianhu Hydrogen ValleyFoshan528200P. R. China
| | - Huihui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Zilan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Hanwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Bingshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Shichun Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong LaboratoryXianhu Hydrogen ValleyFoshan528200P. R. China
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42
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Anantharaj S, Karthik PE, Noda S. The Significance of Properly Reporting Turnover Frequency in Electrocatalysis Research. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sengeni Anantharaj
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Pitchiah Esakki Karthik
- Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni ro, Seongdong-gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Suguru Noda
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
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43
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Anantharaj S, Karthik PE, Noda S. The Significance of Properly Reporting Turnover Frequency in Electrocatalysis Research. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23051-23067. [PMID: 34523770 PMCID: PMC8596788 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
For decades, turnover frequency (TOF) has served as an accurate descriptor of the intrinsic activity of a catalyst, including those in electrocatalytic reactions involving both fuel generation and fuel consumption. Unfortunately, in most of the recent reports in this area, TOF is often not properly reported or not reported at all, in contrast to the overpotentials at a benchmarking current density. The current density is significant in determining the apparent activity, but it is affected by catalyst-centric parasitic reactions, electrolyte-centric competing reactions, and capacitance. Luckily, a properly calculated TOF can precisely give the intrinsic activity free from these phenomena in electrocatalysis. In this Viewpoint we ask: 1) What makes the commonly used activity markers unsuitable for intrinsic activity determination? 2) How can TOF reflect the intrinsic activity? 3) Why is TOF still underused in electrocatalysis? 4) What methods are used in TOF determination? and 5) What is essential in the more accurate calculation of TOF? Finally, the significance of normalizing TOF by Faradaic efficiency (FE) is stressed and we give our views on the development of universal analytical tools to determine the exact number of active sites and real surface area for all kinds of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengeni Anantharaj
- Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of Advanced Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan
| | - Pitchiah Esakki Karthik
- Department of Chemical EngineeringHanyang University222 Wangsimni ro, Seongdong-guSeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Suguru Noda
- Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of Advanced Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan
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44
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Tellez-Cruz MM, Escorihuela J, Solorza-Feria O, Compañ V. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3064. [PMID: 34577965 PMCID: PMC8468942 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to work at low and moderate temperatures. The design of new conductive membranes and nanoparticles (NPs) whose morphology directly affects their catalytic properties is of utmost importance. Nanoparticle morphologies, like cubes, octahedrons, icosahedrons, bipyramids, plates, and polyhedrons, among others, are widely studied for catalysis applications. The recent progress around the high catalytic activity has focused on the stabilizing agents and their potential impact on nanomaterial synthesis to induce changes in the morphology of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Tellez-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (M.M.T.-C.); (O.S.-F.)
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Solorza-Feria
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (M.M.T.-C.); (O.S.-F.)
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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45
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Trincado M, Bösken J, Grützmacher H. Homogeneously catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols: A progress report. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Determining the Overpotential of Electrochemical Fuel Synthesis Mediated by Molecular Catalysts: Recommended Practices, Standard Reduction Potentials, and Challenges. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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47
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Sun H, Shi Y, Fu W, Yu L. Polyaniline‐Supported Tungsten‐Catalyzed Green and Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Yaocheng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Weijun Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Henan Key Laboratory of Fuction-Oriented Porous Materials Luoyang Normal University Luoyang Henan 471934 P. R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
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48
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Liu J, Guðmundsson A, Bäckvall J. Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Organic Molecules by Multistep Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University 410082 Changsha China
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Arnar Guðmundsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jan‐E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Natural Sciences Mid Sweden University Holmgatan 10 SE-85170 Sundsvall Sweden
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49
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Liu J, Guðmundsson A, Bäckvall J. Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Organic Molecules by Multistep Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15686-15704. [PMID: 33368909 PMCID: PMC9545650 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This Minireview presents recent important homogenous aerobic oxidative reactions which are assisted by electron transfer mediators (ETMs). Compared with direct oxidation by molecular oxygen (O2 ), the use of a coupled catalyst system with ETMs leads to a lower overall energy barrier via stepwise electron transfer. This cooperative catalytic process significantly facilitates the transport of electrons from the reduced form of the substrate-selective redox catalyst (SSRCred ) to O2 , thereby increasing the efficiency of the aerobic oxidation. In this Minireview, we have summarized the advances accomplished in recent years in transition-metal-catalyzed as well as metal-free aerobic oxidations of organic molecules in the presence of ETMs. In addition, the recent progress of photochemical and electrochemical oxidative functionalization using ETMs and O2 as the terminal oxidant is also highlighted. Furthermore, the mechanisms of these transformations are showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University410082ChangshaChina
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-10691StockholmSweden
| | - Arnar Guðmundsson
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-10691StockholmSweden
| | - Jan‐E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-10691StockholmSweden
- Department of Natural SciencesMid Sweden UniversityHolmgatan 10SE-85170SundsvallSweden
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50
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González J, Sequí J. Analysis of the Electrochemical Response of Surface‐confined Bidirectional Molecular Electrocatalysts in the Presence of Intermolecular Interactions. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín González
- Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Química Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - José‐Alfonso Sequí
- Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Química Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia 30100 Murcia Spain
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