Continuous Synthesis of Barium Sulfate Nanoparticles in a New High-Speed Spinning Disk Reactor

Structure and properties of starch - BaSO4 composite obtained using mechanical activation techniques

The aim of this study is to obtain and characterize starch films structurally modified by in situ precipitation of BaSO4 combined with mechanical activation of casting dispersion in a rotor-stator device. By the rheological method, it was found that the modification causes a decrease in the ability of casting dispersions to structure over time. Composite films with a filler content of 0 %-15 % (w/w) were characterized using optical and SEM microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and tensile and moisture resistance testing data. The maximum increase in strength (by 70 %) and elongation at break (by 870 %) is achieved with a filler content of 5 % and 15 %, respectively. An increase in the filler content to 5 % causes an increase in starch recrystallization rate, but at concentrations above 5 % of BaSO4, it inhibits retrogradation. The films obtained by mechanical activation with optimized parameters were uniformly translucent, had lower water vapor permeability than films made from starch alone, had high flexibility, and did not warp or shrink. The developed high-performance, environmentally friendly method can be recommended for the large-scale production of starch-based composite materials.

Multiphasic Continuous-Flow Reactors for Handling Gaseous Reagents in Organic Synthesis: Enhancing Efficiency and Safety in Chemical Processes

The use of reactive gaseous reagents for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) remains a scientific challenge due to safety and efficiency limitations. The implementation of continuous-flow reactors has resulted in rapid development of gas-handling technology because of several advantages such as increased interfacial area, improved mass- and heat transfer, and seamless scale-up. This technology enables shorter and more atom-economic synthesis routes for the production of pharmaceutical compounds. Herein, we provide an overview of literature from 2016 onwards in the development of gas-handling continuous-flow technology as well as the use of gases in functionalization of APIs.

Recent Advances in the Preparation of Barium Sulfate Nanoparticles: A Mini-Review

The potential for barium sulphate nanoparticles to be used in a variety of important fields has sparked a lot of attention. Methods for obtaining this material by milling (top-down approach) are not very popular due to the difficulty of controlling the size and shape of particles, as well as changes in their physicochemical properties during milling. More promising is the bottom-up approach, which is the interaction of Ba2+ and SO42− ions in a liquid environment. Direct precipitation is the simplest method; however, it does not allow control of the particle size. Microemulsions, microreactors membrane dispersion, as well as spinning disc reactors are used to overcome drawbacks of direct precipitation and allow control of particle size and shape. This is ensured mainly by intensive controlled micromixing of the precursors with concentrations close to saturated ones. The present review focuses on recent advances in the production of barium sulfate nanoparticles using various approaches, as well as their advantages and limitations. The issues of scaling up the techniques are also considered, and promising methods for obtaining BaSO4 nanoparticles are also discussed.

Inorganic nanoparticle synthesis in flow reactors – applications and future directions

The use of flow technologies for obtaining nanoparticles can play an important role in the development of ecological and sustainable processes for obtaining inorganic nanomaterials, and the continuous methods are part of the Flow Chemistry trend.