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Abstract
The relevance of multidimensional and porous crystalline materials to nuclear waste remediation and storage applications has motivated exploratory research focused on materials discovery of compounds, such as actinide mixed-oxoanion phases, which exhibit rich structural chemistry. The novel phase K1.8Na1.2[(UO2)BSi4O12] has been synthesized using hydrothermal methods, representing the first example of a uranyl borosilicate. The three-dimensional structure crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmce with lattice parameters a = 15.5471(19) Å, b = 14.3403(17) Å, c = 11.7315(15) Å, and V = 2615.5(6) Å3, and is composed of UO6 octahedra linked by [BSi4O12]5− chains to form a [(UO2)BSi4O12]3− framework. The synthesis method, structure, results of Raman, IR, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and thermal stability are discussed.
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2
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Smart MM, McMillen CD, Ivey K, Kolis JW. Chemistry of Metal Silicates and Germanates: The Largest Metal Polygermanate, K 11Mn 21Ge 32O 86(OH) 9(H 2O), with a 76 Å Periodic Lattice. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16804-16808. [PMID: 33225701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An examination of manganese silicates and germanates revealed unusual structural motifs and extremely different chemistries, with identical hydrothermal reactions forming K2Mn2Si3O9 versus K11Mn21Ge32O86(OH)9(H2O). The germanate is exceptional in both its c-axis length (exceeding 76 Å) and unit cell volume (nearly 18000 Å3), the largest known polygermanate structure to our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Smart
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Colin D McMillen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Kimberly Ivey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Joseph W Kolis
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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3
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Lu H, Lin J, Wang Y, Li Z, Guo X, Wang J, Wang S. Unusual Heterometallic Cation‐Cation Interactions in Uranyl Zinc Germanates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huangjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 2019 Jia Luo Road 201800 Shanghai China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy 116023 Dalian China
| | - Jian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 2019 Jia Luo Road 201800 Shanghai China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy 116023 Dalian China
| | - Yaxing Wang
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road 215123 Suzhou China
| | - Zi‐Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 2019 Jia Luo Road 201800 Shanghai China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy 116023 Dalian China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Chemistry Washington State University 99164‐4630 Pullman WA USA
| | - Jian‐Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 2019 Jia Luo Road 201800 Shanghai China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy 116023 Dalian China
| | - Shuao Wang
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X) and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road 215123 Suzhou China
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Li H, Kegler P, Alekseev EV. Crystal growth of novel 3D skeleton uranyl germanium complexes: influence of synthetic conditions on crystal structures. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2244-2257. [PMID: 32009134 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04750f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five centrosymmetric uranyl germanate compounds, K8BrF(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2, Rb6(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2·0.5H2O, Cs6(UO2)2Ge8O21 and A+2(UO2)3(GeO4)2 (A+ = Rb+, Cs+), were synthesized in this work. K8BrF(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 and Rb6(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2·0.5H2O were obtained under mixed KF-KBr flux and hydrothermal conditions, respectively. Both structures crystallized in the triclinic P1[combining macron] space group and have similar anionic frameworks featuring novel hexagon shaped 12-membered channels. The condensation of two different types of SBU [UGe4] pentamers (A) and (A2) results in the formation of K8BrF(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 and Rb6(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2·0.5H2O frameworks. Cs6(UO2)2Ge8O21 was obtained from a CsF-CsCl high temperature flux, and it also crystallized in the centrosymmetric triclinic P1[combining macron] space group. The structure of Cs6(UO2)2Ge8O21 has a novel oxo-germanate layer composed of germanate tetrahedra and trigonal bipyramids. Two new SBU types, (42·52-A2) and (54-A2) [UGe4] pentamers, were found in the structure of Cs6(UO2)2Ge8O21. A+2(UO2)3(GeO4)2 (A+ = Rb+, Cs+) were synthesized by a high temperature/high pressure (HT/HP) technique, and both structures with oval-shaped 12-membered channels crystallized in the centrosymmetric orthorhombic Pnma space group. The extreme conditions led to the formation of [U2Ge2] tetramers (E), which consist of 7-coordinated U and 5-coordinated Ge. Different synthetic methods of uranyl germanate compounds resulted in a distinct coordination environment of the uranyl cations and a variety of U[double bond, length as m-dash]O and U-O bond lengths, further affecting the dimensionality and types of uranyl units and SBUs. The Raman and IR spectra of the five new phases were collected and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Li
- Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
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5
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Lu KT, Zhang Y, Aughterson RD, Zheng R. Uranyl oxide hydrate frameworks with lanthanide ions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15854-15863. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02944k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first two uranyl oxide hydrate frameworks incorporating lanthanide ions (Ln = Eu3+/Gd3+) have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimbal T. Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
- Australia
- School of Physics
- The University of Sydney
- Camperdown
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
- Australia
| | | | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics
- The University of Sydney
- Camperdown
- Australia
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Li H, Langer EM, Kegler P, Alekseev EV. Structural and Spectroscopic Investigation of Novel 2D and 3D Uranium Oxo-Silicates/Germanates and Some Statistical Aspects of Uranyl Coordination in Oxo-Salts. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10333-10345. [PMID: 31310517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization, and topological analysis of five novel uranyl-based silicates and germanates have been performed. The open-framework K4(UO2)2Si8O20·4H2O has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and is based upon [USi6] heptamers interconnected via edge-sharing. Its structure is composed of sechser silicate layers with 4-, 8-, and 16-membered rings. The largest 16-membered rings have an average dimension of ∼8.93 × 9.42 Å2. β-K2(UO2)Si4O10 has been obtained by the high-temperature flux growth method. Its 3D framework contains a loop-branched sechser single layer with 4- and 8-membered rings and consists of the same [USi6] heptamers as observed in K4(UO2)2Si8O20·4H2O. Na6(UO2)3(Si2O7)2 has also been synthesized from melted fluxes and represents a 2D layer structure composed by [USi4] pentamers. Two iso-structural compounds A+(UO2)(HGeO4)·H2O (A+ = Rb+, Cs+) were synthesized via the hydrothermal method, and their structures are of the α-uranophane type. The 2D layers consist of [U2Ge2] tetramer secondary building units (SBUs). The Raman spectra of all novel phases were collected, and bands were assigned according to the existing oxo-silicate rings and oxo-germanium units. Additionally, we performed a statistical investigation of the local coordination of uranyl ions in all known inorganic structures with different oxo-anions (TOx, T = B3+, Si/Ge4+, P/As5+, S/Se/Te6+, Cr/Mo/W6+, P/As3+, and Se/Te4+). We found a direct correlation between the ionic potential of the central cations T in oxo-anions in their higher oxidation states and the coordination number of uranyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Li
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany.,Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory , Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute , Xi'an 710065 , China
| | - Eike M Langer
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Philip Kegler
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Evgeny V Alekseev
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany.,Institut für Kristallographie , RWTH Aachen University , 52066 Aachen , Germany
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7
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A novel family of microporous uranyl germanates: Framework topology and complexity of the crystal structures. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Dal Bo F, Aksenov SM, Burns PC. Mg[(UO2)2(Ge2O6(OH)2]·(H2O)4.4, a novel compound with mixed germanium coordination: cation disordering and topological features of β-U3O8 type sheets. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2018-2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A novel hydrated magnesium uranyl germanate, Mg[(UO2)2(Ge2O6(OH)2)]·(H2O)4.4, has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions at 200 °C. The orthorhombic unit-cell parameters are a=10.829(6), b=7.625(4), c=16.888(10) Å, V=1394.5(1) Å3, space group Cmcm, Z=4. The crystal structure is based on β-U3O8-type sheets of corner- and edge-sharing U6+O7 pentagonal bipyramids. The GeO3(OH) tetrahedra and GeO4(OH) trigonal bipyramids are linked to form [Ge2φ8] diortho groups that fill the hexagonal-shaped windows within the sheets. The uranyl germanate layers are connected through Mgφ6 octahedra. The disorder of the [Ge2φ8] diortho groups leads to different local structure types with layered- and framework-like characters. A review of the crystal structures of uranyl minerals and actinide-bearing synthetic compounds based on β-U3O8 topological-type sheets is provided. Structural complexity parameters (I
G,total=176.19 bits/unit cell) indicate that the title compound is one of the simplest actinyl compounds among this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Dal Bo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 , USA
| | - Sergey M. Aksenov
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 , USA
| | - Peter C. Burns
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 , USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 , USA
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Klepov VV, Pace KA, Calder S, Felder JB, Loye HCZ. 3d-Metal Induced Magnetic Ordering on U(IV) Atoms as a Route toward U(IV) Magnetic Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3838-3842. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav V. Klepov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Kristen A. Pace
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Stuart Calder
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 27831, United States
| | - Justin B. Felder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Hans-Conrad zur Loye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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10
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Mineralogy, Crystallography and Structural Complexity of Natural Uranyl Silicates. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8120551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring uranyl silicates are common constituents of the oxidized parts (i.e., supergene zone) of various types of uranium deposits. Their abundance reflects the widespread distribution of Si4+ in the Earth’s crust and, therefore, in groundwaters. Up to date, 16 uranyl silicate minerals are known. Noteworthy is that the natural uranyl silicates are not extremely diverse regarding their crystal structures; it is a result of possible concentrations (activity) of Si4+ in aqueous solutions derived from dissolution of primary Si minerals or the composition of late hydrothermal fluids. Therefore, in natural systems, we distinguish in fact among two groups of uranyl silicate minerals: uranophane and weeksite-group. They differ in U:Si ratio (uranophane, 1:1; weeksite, 2:5) and they form under different conditions, reflected in distinctive mineral associations. An overview of crystal-chemistry is provided in this paper, along with the new structure data for few members of the uranophane group. Calculations of the structural complexity parameters for natural uranyl silicates are commented about as well as other groups of uranyl minerals; these calculations are also presented from the point of view of the mineral paragenesis and associations.
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11
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Li H, Langer EM, Kegler P, Modolo G, Alekseev EV. Formation of Open Framework Uranium Germanates: The Influence of Mixed Molten Flux and Charge Density Dependence in U-Silicate and U-Germanate Families. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11201-11216. [PMID: 30125085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seven novel open-framework uranyl germanates, K2(UO2)GeO4, K6(UO2)3Ge8O22, α-Cs2(UO2)Ge2O6, β-Cs2(UO2)Ge2O6, Cs2(UO2)GeO4, and A(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 (A = [NaK6Cl]6+, [Na2Cs6Cl2]6+), were grown from different mixed molten fluxes. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of K2(UO2)GeO4 with 8-ring channels can be built upon [UGe4] pentamer secondary building units (SBUs). The 3D framework of K6(UO2)3Ge8O22 with trapezoid (Ge8O22)12- clusters consists of two types of [UGe4] pentamers. The 3D framework of α-Cs2(UO2)Ge2O6 with 10-ring channels, crystallizing in the P21/ n space group, is constructed by [UGe4] pentamers. The structure of β-Cs2(UO2)Ge2O6 contains achter (eight) single germanate chains and is composed of [UGe6] heptamers and [UGe4] pentamers. The structure of Cs2(UO2)GeO4 with hexagonal 10-ring channels is composed of [U3Ge4] heptamers and twisting five-fold GeO4 tetrahedra in four-membered Ge4O12 rings occur. 3D frameworks of NaK6Cl(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 (space group Pnnm) and Na2Cs6Cl2(UO2)3(Ge2O7)2 ( P21/ c) can be constructed from the same SBUs [UGe4] pentamers. Thermal stability of salt-inclusions was studied by TG and PXRD analysis. Analysis of charge density for the U-Si-O system indicates that the polymerization of silicate units reduces the cross-links of the 3D frameworks. The concept of SBUs combined with the cutting and gluing strategy was applied to understand and analyze the distinct 8-, 10-, 12-, and 14- membered channels for the uranyl germanate family. The charge density of all known 3D U-Si/Ge-O frameworks has been investigated, which shows strong correlations with chemical composition of corresponding phases. The increase of Si/O (Ge/O) ratios in silicate units results in the decrease of negative charge density. Moreover, the charge density increases with decreasing countercation size within the same Si/O ratio. The correlations can be used to predict inclusion phase formation within U-Si/Ge-O families. Raman spectra of the studied uranyl germanates were measured, and bands were assigned on the basis of structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Li
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Eike M Langer
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Philip Kegler
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Giuseppe Modolo
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Evgeny V Alekseev
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany.,Institut für Kristallographie , RWTH Aachen University , 52066 Aachen , Germany
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12
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Ren YN, Xu W, Si ZX, Zhou LX, Zheng YQ. Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotics under visible light using uranyl isophthalate coordination polymers. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Li H, Kegler P, Klepov VV, Klinkenberg M, Bosbach D, Alekseev EV. Comparison of Uranium(VI) and Thorium(IV) Silicates Synthesized via Mixed Fluxes Techniques. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6734-6745. [PMID: 29767508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two uranium and two thorium silicates were obtained using high temperature mixed fluxes methods. K14(UO2)3Si10O30 crystallizes in the P21/ c space group and contains open-branched sechser (six) single silicate chains, whereas K2(UO2)Si2O6 crystallizes in the C2/ c space group and is built of unbranched achter (eight) silicate chains. The crystals of K14(UO2)3Si10O30 and K2(UO2)Si2O6 are related by increasing U/Si molar ratios, and both structures contain the same secondary building units (SBUs), [USi6] heptamers. The triangle diagram for all known A+-UO22+-SiO44- phases demonstrates the high polymerization level of silicate groups in the system, which was compared with the family of A+-UO22+-BO33-/BO45- compounds. For both thorium silicates, the transformation of K2ThSi2O7 to K2ThSi3O9 was found to be a factor of the reaction time. K2ThSi2O7 crystallizes in the C2/ c space group and belongs to the Na2SiVISi2O7 structure type. Its 3D framework consists of diorthosilicate Si2O7 group and ThO6 octahedra. Noncentrosymmetric K2ThSi3O9 crystallizes in the hexagonal P63 space group and adopts mineral wadeite-type structure based upon triorthosilicate Si3O9 rings and ThO6 octahedra. The coordination environment of thorium for all existing oxo-anion compounds including B, Si/Ge, P/As, Cr/Mo/W, and S/Se/Te are summarized and analyzed. Additionally, spectroscopic properties of all novel materials have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Li
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany.,Institut für Kristallographie , RWTH Aachen University , 52066 Aachen , Germany
| | - Philip Kegler
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | | | - Martina Klinkenberg
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Dirk Bosbach
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Evgeny V Alekseev
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany.,Institut für Kristallographie , RWTH Aachen University , 52066 Aachen , Germany
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