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Greño M, Pérez-Redondo A, Torrijos J, Varela-Izquierdo V, Yélamos C. Half-Sandwich Zirconium and Hafnium Amidoborane Complexes: Precursors of Hydride Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6576-6588. [PMID: 38567753 PMCID: PMC11022180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Half-sandwich zirconium(IV) and hafnium(IV) complexes with amidoborane and hydride ligands have been isolated in the stoichiometric reactions of mono(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)metal alkyl and amido derivatives with the amine-boranes NHR2BH3 (R2 = H2, Me2, HtBu). Treatment of the tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2SiMe3)3] with NH3BH3 (3 equiv) gives the seven-coordinate species [M(η5-C5Me5)(NH2BH3)3] (M = Zr (1), Hf (2)) with three κ2N,H-NH2BH3 ligands. The tris(neophyl) [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2CMe2Ph)3] or tris(dimethylamido) [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2)3] derivatives react with NHMe2BH3 (≥3 equiv) to afford bis(dimethylamidoborane) hydride complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)H(NMe2BH3)2] (M = Zr (3), Hf (4)) via thermally unstable [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2BH3)3] species. The reaction of [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2)3] and NH2tBuBH3 (≥4 equiv) affords analogous mixed amidoborane hydride derivatives [M(η5-C5Me5)H(NHtBuBH3)(NMe2BH3)] (M = Zr (5), Hf (6)) with κ2N,H-NHtBuBH3 and κ3N,H,H-NMe2BH3 ligands. The addition of NHR2BH3 (≥1 equiv) on the mono(dimethylamido) complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NMe2)] in hexane leads to the precipitation of the ionic compounds [(NHR2)2BH2][{M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2}2(μ-H)3] (R2 = Me2, M = Zr (7), Hf (8); R2 = HtBu, M = Zr (9), Hf (10)). Molecular hydride species [Cl2(η5-C5Me5)M(μ-Cl)(μ-H)2M(η5-C5Me5)Cl(NH2tBu)] (M = Zr (11), Hf (12)) could be isolated from mixtures of complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NMe2)] and lower ratios of NH2tBuBH3. The zirconium complex 11 decomposes in solution to give the mononuclear tert-butylamido derivative [Zr(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NHtBu)] (13) along with other byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Greño
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Redondo
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Torrijos
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Varela-Izquierdo
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Yélamos
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Beard S, Grasa A, Viguri F, Rodríguez R, López JA, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Lamata P, Carmona D. Molecular hydrogen and water activation by transition metal frustrated Lewis pairs containing ruthenium or osmium components: catalytic hydrogenation assays. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13216-13228. [PMID: 37665066 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The transition metal frustrated Lewis pair compounds [(Cym)M(κ3S,P,N-HL1)][SbF6] (Cym = η6-p-MeC6H4iPr; H2L1 = N-(p-tolyl)-N'-(2-diphenylphosphanoethyl)thiourea; M = Ru (5), Os (6)) have been prepared from the corresponding dimer [{(Cym)MCl}2(μ-Cl)2] and H2L1 by successive chloride abstraction with NaSbF6 and AgSbF6 and NH deprotonation with NaHCO3. Complexes 5 and 6 and the previously reported phosphano-guanidino compounds [(Cym)M(κ3P,N,N'-HL2)][SbF6] [H2L2 = N,N'-bis(p-tolyl)-N''-(2-diphenylphosphanoethyl) guanidine; M = Ru (7), Os (8)] and pyridinyl-guanidino compounds [(Cym)M(κ3N,N',N''-HL3)][SbF6] [H2L3 = N,N'-bis(p-tolyl)-N''-(2-pyridinylmethyl) guanidine; M = Ru (9), Os (10)] heterolytically activate H2 in a reversible manner affording the hydrido complexes [(Cym)MH(H2L)][SbF6] (H2L = H2L1; M = Ru (11), Os (12); H2L = H2L2; M = Ru (13), Os (14); H2L = H2L3; M = Ru (15), Os (16)). DFT calculations carried out on the hydrogenation of complex 7 support an FLP mechanism for the process. Heating 9 and 10 in methanol yields the orthometalated complexes [(Cym)M(κ3N,N',C-H2L3-H)][SbF6] (M = Ru (17), Os (18)). The phosphano-guanidino complex 7 activates deuterated water in a reversible fashion, resulting in the gradual deuteration of the three cymene methyl protons through sequential C(sp3)-H bond activation. From DFT calculations, a metal-ligand cooperative reversible mechanism that involves the O-H bond activation and the formation of an intermediate methylene cyclohexenyl complex has been proposed. Complexes 5-10 catalyse the hydrogenation of the CC double bond of styrene and a range of acrylates, the CO bond of acetophenone and the CN bond of N-benzylideneaniline and quinoline. The CC double bond of methyl acrylate adds to catalyst 9, affording complex 19 in which a new ligand exhibiting a fac κ3N,N',C coordination mode has been incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Beard
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Grasa
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando Viguri
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - José A López
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar Lamata
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Zhang ZF, Su MD. Theoretical Study of the Activation Reaction of a Zr +/P-Based Frustrated Lewis Pair with Carbon Dioxide. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5534-5544. [PMID: 35960144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The combination reactions of carbon dioxide with a Zr+/P-based frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) were computationally explored within the density functional theory framework [B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2-TZVP]. Results showed that these reactions are exothermic, associated with relatively low activation barriers, and proceed concertedly involving Zr+-O and P-C chemical bond formations. Theoretical analysis revealed that the shorter the Zr+···P bond length of the Zr+/P-based FLP, the shorter the stretching O-C bond length of CO2 upon reaction, the larger the ∠OCO bending angle of CO2, the smaller the deformation energy of CO2, the lower the barrier height, and the greater the reactivity between the Zr+/P-based FLP and CO2. According to the energy decomposition analysis-natural orbitals for chemical valence, the bonding natures of their associated transition states are determined by the singlet-singlet interaction (donor-acceptor interaction), not the triplet-triplet interaction (electron-sharing interaction). Moreover, the bonding characteristics between Zr+/P-based FLPs and CO2 are established predominantly by the lone pair orbital(P) → the empty p-π* orbital (CO2) interaction, not the empty d-orbital(Zr+) ← the filled p-π orbital (CO2) interaction. With the use of the activation strain model, theoretical examinations showed that the reactivity trend of such combination reactions is mainly attributed to the deformation energies of the deformed reactants. The relationship between deformed geometrical structures and related activation energies is in good agreement with Hammond's postulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Feng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Carmona M, Pérez R, Ferrer J, Rodríguez R, Passarelli V, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Carmona D. Activation of H-H, HO-H, C(sp 2)-H, C(sp 3)-H, and RO-H Bonds by Transition-Metal Frustrated Lewis Pairs Based on M/N (M = Rh, Ir) Couples. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13149-13164. [PMID: 35948430 PMCID: PMC9406284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Reaction of the dimers [(Cp*MCl)2(μ-Cl)2] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5)
with Ph2PCH2CH2NC(NH(p-Tolyl))2 (H2L) in the presence
of NaSbF6 affords the chlorido complexes [Cp*MCl(κ2N,P-H2L)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 1; Ir, 2).
Upon treatment with aqueous NaOH, solutions of 1 and 2 yield the corresponding complexes [Cp*M(κ3N,N′,P-HL)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 3; Ir, 4) in which the ligand HL presents a fac κ3N,N′,P coordination mode. Treatment of THF solutions
of complexes 3 and 4 with hydrogen gas,
at room temperature, results in the formation of the metal hydrido-complexes
[Cp*MH(κ2N,P-H2L)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 5;
Ir, 6) in which the N(p-Tolyl) group
has been protonated. Complexes 3 and 4 react
with deuterated water in a reversible fashion resulting in the gradual
deuteration of the Cp* group. Heating at 383 K THF/H2O
solutions of the complexes 3 and 4 affords
the orthometalated complexes [Cp*M(κ3C,N,P-H2L-H)][SbF6] [M = Rh, 7; Ir, 8, H2L-H = Ph2PCH2CH2NC(NH(p-Tolyl))(NH(4-C6H3Me))], respectively. At 333 K, complexes 3 and 4 react in THF with methanol, primary alcohols,
or 2-propanol giving the metal-hydrido complexes 5 and 6, respectively. The reaction involves the acceptorless dehydrogenation
of the alcohols at a relatively low temperature, without the assistance
of an external base. The new complexes have been characterized by
the usual analytical and spectroscopic methods including the X-ray
diffraction determination of the crystal structures of complexes 1–5, 7, and 8. Notably, the chlorido complexes 1 and 2 crystallize both as enantiopure conglomerates and as racemates.
Reaction mechanisms are proposed based on stoichiometric reactions,
nuclear magnetic resonance studies, and X-ray crystallography as well
as density functional theory calculations. In solution, masked transition-metal
frustrated Lewis pairs
(TMFLPs) give rise to the corresponding TMFLP species which activate
dihydrogen, water, and alcohols following FLP reaction pathways. When
D2O or alcohols with deuterated OH groups were employed,
H/D exchange at the Cp* ligand (involving C(sp3)−H
activation) was observed. C(sp2)−H bond activation
involving orthometalation of the p-Tolyl ring was
also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Pérez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquina Ferrer
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Chatelain L, Breton JB, Arrigoni F, Schollhammer P, Zampella G. Geometrical influence on the non-biomimetic heterolytic splitting of H 2 by bio-inspired [FeFe]-hydrogenase complexes: a rare example of inverted frustrated Lewis pair based reactivity. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4863-4873. [PMID: 35655865 PMCID: PMC9067592 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high levels of interest in the synthesis of bio-inspired [FeFe]-hydrogenase complexes, H2 oxidation, which is one specific aspect of hydrogenase enzymatic activity, is not observed for most reported complexes. To attempt H-H bond cleavage, two disubstituted diiron dithiolate complexes in the form of [Fe2(μ-pdt)L2(CO)4] (L: PMe3, dmpe) have been used to play the non-biomimetic role of a Lewis base, with frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) formed in the presence of B(C6F5)3 Lewis acid. These unprecedented FLPs, based on the bimetallic Lewis base partner, allow the heterolytic splitting of the H2 molecule, forming a protonated diiron cation and hydrido-borate anion. The substitution, symmetrical or asymmetrical, of two phosphine ligands at the diiron dithiolate core induces a strong difference in the H2 bond cleavage abilities, with the FLP based on the first complex being more efficient than the second. DFT investigations examined the different mechanistic pathways involving each accessible isomer and rationalized the experimental findings. One of the main DFT results highlights that the iron site acting as a Lewis base for the asymmetrical complex is the {Fe(CO)3} subunit, which is less electron-rich than the {FeL(CO)2} site of the symmetrical complex, diminishing the reactivity towards H2. Calculations relating to the different mechanistic pathways revealed the presence of a terminal hydride intermediate at the apical site of a rotated {Fe(CO)3} site, which is experimentally observed, and a semi-bridging hydride intermediate from H2 activation at the Fe-Fe site; these are responsible for a favourable back-reaction, reducing the conversion yield observed in the case of the asymmetrical complex. The use of two equivalents of Lewis acid allows for more complete and faster H2 bond cleavage due to the encapsulation of the hydrido-borate species by a second borane, favouring the reactivity of each FLP, in agreement with DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Chatelain
- UMR CNRS 6521 Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, CS 93837 Brest-Cedex 3 29238 France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Breton
- UMR CNRS 6521 Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, CS 93837 Brest-Cedex 3 29238 France
| | - Federica Arrigoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milan Italy
| | - Philippe Schollhammer
- UMR CNRS 6521 Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, CS 93837 Brest-Cedex 3 29238 France
| | - Giuseppe Zampella
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 2 20126 Milan Italy
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Activation of Small Molecules and Hydrogenation of CO2 Catalyzed by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) is widely explored in the activation of small molecules, the hydrogenation of CO2, and unsaturated organic species. A survey of several experimental works on the activation of small molecules by FLPs and the related mechanistic insights into their reactivity from electronic structure theory calculation are provided in the present review, along with the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2. The mechanistic insight into H2 activation is thoroughly discussed, which may provide a guideline to design more efficient FLP for H2 activation. FLPs can activate other small molecules like, CO, NO, CO2, SO2, N2O, alkenes, alkynes, etc. by cooperative action of the Lewis centers of FLPs, as revealed by several computational analyses. The activation barrier of H2 and other small molecules by the FLP can be decreased by utilizing the aromaticity criterion in the FLP as demonstrated by the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) analysis. The term boron-ligand cooperation (BLC), which is analogous to the metal-ligand cooperation (MLC), is invoked to describe a distinct class of reactivity of some specific FLPs towards H2 activation.
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Zhang Y, Mo Y, Cao Z. Rational Design of Main Group Metal-Embedded Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials as Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation to Formic Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1002-1014. [PMID: 34935336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and inexpensive main group catalysts for CO2 conversion and utilization has attracted increasing attention, as the conversion process would be both economical and environmentally benign. Here, based on the main group element Al, we designed several heterogeneous frustrated Lewis acid/base pair (FLP) catalysts and performed extensive first-principles calculations for the hydrogenation of CO2. These catalysts, including Al@N-Gr-1, Al@N-Gr-2, and Al@C2N, are composed of a single Al atom and two-dimensional (2D) N-doped carbon-based materials to form frustrated Al/C or Al/N Lewis acid/base pairs, which are all predicted to have high reactivity to absorb and activate hydrogen (H2). Compared with Al@N-Gr-1, both Al@N-Gr-2 and Al@C2N, especially Al@N-Gr-2, containing Al/N Lewis pairs exhibit better catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation with lower activation energies. CO2 hydrogenation on the three catalysts prefers to go through a three-step mechanism, i.e., the heterolytic dissociation of H2, followed by the transfer of the hydride near Al to CO2, and finally the activation of a second H2 molecule. Other IIIA group element (B and Ga)-embedded N-Gr-2 materials (B@N-Gr-2 and Ga@N-Gr-2) were also explored and compared. Both Al@N-Gr-2 and Ga@N-Gr-2 show higher catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation to HCOOH than B@N-Gr-2. However, the CO2 hydrogenation path on Ga@N-Gr-2 tends to follow a two-step mechanism, including H2 dissociation and subsequent hydrogen transfer. The present study provides a potential solution for CO2 hydrogenation by designing novel and effective FLP catalysts based on main group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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8
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Chatterjee B, Chang WC, Jena S, Werlé C. Implementation of Cooperative Designs in Polarized Transition Metal Systems—Significance for Bond Activation and Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basujit Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wei-Chieh Chang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Soumyashree Jena
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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9
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Hidalgo N, Moreno JJ, Pérez-Jiménez M, Maya C, López-Serrano J, Campos J. Tuning Activity and Selectivity during Alkyne Activation by Gold(I)/Platinum(0) Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Organometallics 2020; 39:2534-2544. [PMID: 33281270 PMCID: PMC7707620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introducing transition metals into frustrated Lewis pair systems has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Here we report a selection of three metal-only frustrated systems based on Au(I)/Pt(0) combinations and their reactivity toward alkynes. We have inspected the activation of acetylene and phenylacetylene. The gold(I) fragments are stabilized by three bulky phosphines bearing terphenyl groups. We have observed that subtle modifications on the substituents of these ligands proved critical in controlling the regioselectivity of acetylene activation and the product distribution resulting from C(sp)-H cleavage of phenylacetylene. A mechanistic picture based on experimental observations and computational analysis is provided. As a result of the cooperative action of the two metals of the frustrated pairs, several uncommon heterobimetallic structures have been characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nereida Hidalgo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marina Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas
(IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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10
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Hidalgo N, Moreno JJ, Pérez-Jiménez M, Maya C, López-Serrano J, Campos J. Evidence for Genuine Bimetallic Frustrated Lewis Pair Activation of Dihydrogen with Gold(I)/Platinum(0) Systems. Chemistry 2020; 26:5982-5993. [PMID: 31971290 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A joint experimental/computational effort to elucidate the mechanism of dihydrogen activation by a gold(I)/platinum(0) metal-only frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) is described herein. The drastic effects on H2 activation derived from subtle ligand modifications have also been investigated. The importance of the balance between bimetallic adduct formation and complete frustration has been interrogated, providing for the first time evidence for genuine metal-only FLP reactivity in solution. The origin of a strong inverse kinetic isotopic effect has also been clarified, offering further support for the proposed bimetallic FLP-type cleavage of dihydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nereida Hidalgo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marina Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and, University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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11
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Budzelaar PHM, Hughes DL, Bochmann M, Macchioni A, Rocchigiani L. H 2 activation by zirconaziridinium ions: σ-bond metathesis versus frustrated Lewis pair reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2542-2545. [PMID: 32016193 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09466k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zirconaziridinium ions [Cp2Zr(η2-CH2NR2)]+ can potentially activate H2 by two routes: σ-bond metathesis or FLP reactivity. We show here that Zr-C hydrogenolysis by σ-bond metathesis precedes and enables subsequent heterolytic H2 cleavage through FLP pathways. DFT calculations show the involvement of transition states with approximately linear NHH and bent ZrHH arrangements without any direct Zr-amine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H M Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
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