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Xu M, Meng Q, Zhu S, Yu R, Chen L, Shi G, Wong KH, Fan D, Ding Z. The Performance and Evolutionary Mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum in Enhancing Selenite Tolerance and Bioaccumulation. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:415. [PMID: 38921401 PMCID: PMC11205109 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) pollution poses serious threats to terrestrial ecosystems. Mushrooms are important sources of Se with the potential for bioremediation. Pre-eminent Se resources must possess the ability to tolerate high levels of Se. To obtain Se-accumulating fungi, we isolated selenite-tolerance-enhanced Ganoderma lucidum JNUSE-200 through adaptive evolution. METHODS The molecular mechanism responsible for selenite tolerance and accumulation was explored in G. lucidum JNUSE-200 by comparing it with the original strain, G. lucidum CGMCC 5.26, using a combination of physiological and transcriptomic approaches. RESULTS G. lucidum JNUSE-200 demonstrated tolerance to 200 mg/kg selenite in liquid culture and exhibited normal growth, whereas G. lucidum CGMCC 5.26 experienced reduced growth, red coloration, and an unpleasant odor as a result of exposure to selenite at the same concentration. In this study, G. lucidum JNUSE-200 developed a triple defense mechanism against high-level selenite toxicity, and the key genes responsible for improved selenite tolerance were identified. CONCLUSIONS The present study offers novel insights into the molecular responses of fungi towards selenite, providing theoretical guidance for the breeding and cultivation of Se-accumulating varieties. Moreover, it significantly enhances the capacity of the bio-manufacturing industry and contributes to the development of beneficial applications in environmental biotechnology through fungal selenite transformation bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.X.); (D.F.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.M.); (L.C.); (G.S.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qi Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.M.); (L.C.); (G.S.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Song Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (S.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Ruipeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (S.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Lei Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.M.); (L.C.); (G.S.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.M.); (L.C.); (G.S.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ka-Hing Wong
- Research Institute for Future Food, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Daming Fan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.X.); (D.F.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (S.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.M.); (L.C.); (G.S.)
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Popović AV, Čamagajevac IŠ, Vuković R, Matić M, Velki M, Gupta DK, Galić V, Lončarić Z. Biochemical and molecular responses of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in wheat seedlings exposed to different forms of selenium. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108460. [PMID: 38447422 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Biofortification aims to increase selenium (Se) concentration and bioavailability in edible parts of crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), resulting in increased concentration of Se in plants and/or soil. Higher Se concentrations can disturb protein structure and consequently influence glutathione (GSH) metabolism in plants which can affect antioxidative and other detoxification pathways. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of five different concentrations of selenate and selenite (0.4, 4, 20, 40 and 400 mg kg-1) on the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in wheat shoots and roots and to determine biochemical and molecular tissue-specific responses. Content of investigated metabolites, activities of detoxification enzymes and expression of their genes depended both on the chemical form and concentration of the applied Se, as well as on the type of plant tissue. The most pronounced changes in the expression level of genes involved in GSH metabolism were visible in wheat shoots at the highest concentrations of both forms of Se. Obtained results can serve as a basis for further research on Se toxicity and detoxification mechanisms in wheat. New insights into the Se impact on GSH metabolism could contribute to the further development of biofortification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vuković Popović
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Rosemary Vuković
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Magdalena Matić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mirna Velki
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dharmendra K Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, 110003, New Delhi, India
| | - Vlatko Galić
- Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zdenko Lončarić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
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Zhang L, Shi X, Hou H, Lin Q, Zhu S, Wang G. 6-Benzyladenine Treatment Maintains Storage Quality of Chinese Flowering Cabbage by Inhibiting Chlorophyll Degradation and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:334. [PMID: 36679047 PMCID: PMC9865578 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is widely used to regulate the growth of horticultural crops. However, it is not clear how postharvest treatment with 6-BA at various concentrations affects the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage. In this study, harvested Chinese flowering cabbage was foliar sprayed with 6-BA solution at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg·L-1. All 6-BA treatments protected the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage, and the treatment with 20 and 40 mg·L-1 6-BA showed the most obvious effect. Treatment with 6-BA reduced leaf yellowing degree and weight loss rate; maintained high chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents; suppressed the declines in ascorbic acid and soluble protein; enhanced antioxidant capacity; and reduced oxidative damage in cabbage leaves. Furthermore, 6-BA treatment upregulated the expression of antioxidant genes and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, while inhibiting the expression of senescence-related gene (BrSAG12) and chlorophyll catabolic genes (BrPAO, BrPPH, BrSGR1, BrNYC1, BrRCCR). These results suggest that postharvest 6-BA treatment enhances antioxidant capacity, delays leaf senescence, and inhibits chlorophyll degradation, thereby maintaining the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage. The findings of this study provide a candidate method for preserving Chinese flowering cabbage after harvest.
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Chen Z, Zhang L, Peng M, Zhu S, Wang G. Preharvest application of selenite enhances the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage via regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and phenylpropanoid metabolisms. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112229. [PMID: 36596157 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) is a candidate of selenium (Se) accumulator, but it is not clear whether and how preharvest Se treatment affects its quality after harvest. Here, we showed that preharvest application of 100 μmol/L selenite to roots enhanced storage quality of Chinese flowering cabbage. It increased antioxidant capacity and reduced weight loss, leaf yellowing, and protein degradation after harvest. Furthermore, it increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as POD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GR, as well as contents of AsA, GSH, phenolics, and flavonoids during storage. Metabolome analysis revealed that phenolic acids including p-Coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid; flavonoids such as naringenin, eriodictyol, apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol, and their derivatives were notably increased by preharvest selenite treatment. Consistently, the total antioxidant capacity, evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, were all markedly enhanced in selenite-treated cabbage compared to the control. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the DEGs induced by selenite were significantly enriched in AsA-GSH metabolisms and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis pathways. Moreover, preharvest selenite treatment significantly up-regulated the expressions of BrGST, BrGSH-Px, BrAPX, BrASO, BrC4H, BrCOMT, BrCHS, and BrFLS during storage. These results suggest that preharvest selenite treatment enhanced quality of cabbage not only by increasing Se biological accumulation, but also through regulating AsA-GSH cycle and increasing phenolics and flavonoids synthesis after harvest. This study provides a novel insight into the effects of preharvest Se treatment on quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuosheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Miaomiao Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shijiang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Guang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Extraction and Purification of Flavonoids from Buddleja officinalis Maxim and Their Attenuation of H 2O 2-Induced Cell Injury by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248985. [PMID: 36558121 PMCID: PMC9784229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are an ailment representing the leading cause of blindness in the world. The pathogenesis of cataracts is not clear, and there is no effective treatment. An increasing amount of evidence shows that oxidative stress and autophagy in lens epithelial cells play a key role in the occurrence and development of cataracts. Buddleja officinalis Maxim flavonoids (BMF) are natural antioxidants and regulators that present anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, among others. In this study, we optimized the extraction method of BMFs and detected three of their main active monomers (luteolin, apigenin, and acacetin). In addition, a model of oxidative damage model using rabbit lens epithelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). By detecting the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), and OH (OH), the expression of autophagosomes and autolysosomes were observed after MRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus was introduced into the cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Beclin-1 and P62. Our research results showed that the optimal extraction parameters to obtain the highest yield of total flavonoids were a liquid−solid ratio of 1:31 g/mL, an ethanol volume fraction of 67%, an extraction time of 2.6 h, and an extraction temperature of 58 °C. Moreover, the content of luteolin was 690.85 ppb, that of apigenin was 114.91 ppb, and the content of acacetin was 5.617 ppb. After oxidative damage was induced by H2O2, the cell survival rate decreased significantly. BMFs could increase the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decrease the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and OH (OH). After the MRFP-GFP-LC3 virus was introduced into rabbit lens epithelial cells and detecting the expression of P62 and Beclin-1, we found that the intervention of BMF could promote the binding of autophagosomes to lysosomes. Compared with the model group, the level of P62 in the low-, middle-, and high-dose groups of BMF was significantly down-regulated, the level of Beclin-1 was significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In other words, the optimized extraction method was better than others, and the purified BMF contained three main active monomers (luteolin, apigenin, and acacetin). In addition, BMFs could ameliorate the H2O2-induced oxidative damage to rabbit lens cells by promoting autophagy and regulating the level of antioxidation.
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Ding F, Wei X, Dao Y, Zhao F, Wang R, Li P. Use of fulvic acid-like compounds from pulp-derived black liquor for enhancing the selenium content of peanut buds. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:546. [PMID: 36443656 PMCID: PMC9703723 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleaner production involving the extraction of useful material from the black liquor by-product of straw pulp would be environmentally beneficial and would permit increased wastewater usage. RESULTS The fulvic-acid-like components of pulp black liquor (PFA) with molecular weights below 10 kDa were isolated. The chemical and physiological characteristics of PFAs were investigated. Selenite can enhance the selenium nutrition level of crops, but excessive selenite may be toxic to plant growth. In order to explore how to increase selenite tolerance and selenium accumulation in peanut, the effects of PFA on selenium-associated properties in peanut seedlings were examined by growing seedlings with sodium selenite (0, 5, 15, and 25 mg·L- 1 Na2SeO3, 15 mg·L- 1 Na2SeO3 solution containing 60 mg-C/L PFA, and 25 mg·L- 1 Na2SeO3 containing 60 mg-C/L PFA). CONCLUSION The results showed that with 15 mg·L- 1 Na2SeO3, PFA significantly increased both the total and hypocotyl fresh weight of the seedlings but reduced the fresh weight of the root. PFA also effectively promoted the conversion of Se from inorganic to organic compounds in the root and hypocotyl, increased the soluble total sugar and soluble protein contents of the hypocotyl, and thus improved the edible quality and food safety of the selenium-enriched peanut buds. The results suggest that PFA can be used as an innovative bio-based substance for selenium-enriched sprout vegetable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanren Dao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Piwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
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Hu X, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Ding J, Liu Y, Qin W. An updated review of functional properties, debittering methods, and applications of soybean functional peptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8823-8838. [PMID: 35482930 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2062587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Soybean functional peptides (SFPs) are obtained via the hydrolysis of soybean protein into polypeptides, oligopeptides, and a small amount of amino acids. They have nutritional value and a variety of functional properties, including regulating blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, anti-diabetes, anti-oxidant, preventing COVID-19, etc. SFPs have potential application prospects in food processing, functional food development, clinical medicine, infant milk powder, special medical formulations, among others. However, bitter peptides containing relatively more hydrophobic amino acids can be formed during the production of SFPs, seriously restricting the application of SFPs. High-quality confirmatory human trials are needed to determine effective doses, potential risks, and mechanisms of action, especially as dietary supplements and special medical formulations. Therefore, the physiological activities and potential risks of soybean polypeptides are summarized, and the existing debitterness technologies and their applicability are reviewed. The technical challenges and research areas to be addressed in optimizing debittering process parameters and improving the applicability of SFPs are discussed, including integrating various technologies to obtain higher quality functional peptides, which will facilitate further exploration of physiological mechanism, metabolic pathway, tolerance, bioavailability, and potential hazards of SFPs. This review can help promote the value of SFPs and the development of the soybean industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Qinqiu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Jie Ding
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
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Dong Z, Dong G, Lai F, Wu H, Zhan Q. Purification and comparative study of bioactivities of a natural selenized polysaccharide from Ganoderma Lucidum mycelia. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:101-112. [PMID: 34478790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of selenized polysaccharides is a promising strategy for the dietary selenium supplementation. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of selenium on the structure and bioactivity of a polysaccharide fraction (MPN) isolated from Ganoderma lucidum mycelia. After biological selenium enrichment, the selenium content in the selenized polysaccharide (SeMPN) was 18.91 ± 1.8 μg/g. SeMPN had a slightly lower molecular weight than MPN, but the carbohydrate content and monosaccharide composition remained identical. Additionally, the band at 606 cm-1 in MPN changed to 615 cm-1 in SeMPN as revealed by FT-IR spectra. No significant changes were observed in the types and ratios of glycosidic linkages, as determined by NMR spectroscopy. Extracellular and intracellular antioxidant assays demonstrated that SeMPN was more effective than MPN in scavenging free radicals, inhibiting AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis, and protecting catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in H2O2-injured PC12 cells. Additionally, SeMPN had a higher increase effect on RAW 264.7 cells's pinocytic and phagocytic capacity, as well as their production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. SeMPN could be as potential functional selenium supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Dong
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Gang Dong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Furao Lai
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Qiping Zhan
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu H, Liang C, Ma L, Liu J, Wang Q. Analysis of antioxidant response in pomelo fruitlets subjected to external injury stress: Significance of naringin biosynthesis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang G, Zhan Q, Wu H. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of RAW 264.7 macrophages by Se-methylseleno-l-cysteine. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Alamri S, Kushwaha BK, Singh VP, Siddiqui MH. Dose dependent differential effects of toxic metal cadmium in tomato roots: Role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:110978. [PMID: 32678757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydroponic experiments were conducted to elucidate mechanism(s) that are associated with differential effects of low (5 μM) and high (25 μM) dose of cadmium (Cd) stress in tomato. Furthermore, emphasis has also been focused on any involvement of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in differential behaviour of low and high doses of Cd stress. At low dose of Cd, root growth i.e. root fresh weight, length and fitness did not significantly alter when compared to the control seedlings. Though at low dose of Cd, cellular accumulation of Cd was slightly increased but this was accompanied by higher endogenous H2S and phytochelatins, L-cysteine desulfhydrase (DES) activity, activities of glutathione biosynthetic and AsA-GSH cycle enzymes, and maintained redox status of ascorbate and glutathione. However, addition of hypotaurine (HT, a scavenger of H2S) resulted in greater toxicity, even at low dose of Cd, and these responses resembled with higher dose of Cd stress such as greater decline in root growth, endogenous H2S and phytochelatins, activities of DES, glutathione biosynthesis and AsA-GSH cycle enzymes, disturbed redox status of ascorbate and glutathione which collectively led to higher oxidative stress in tomato roots. Moreover, addition of HT with higher dose of Cd also further enhanced its toxicity. Collectively, the results showed that differential behaviour of low and high dose of Cd stress is mediated by differential regulation of biochemical attributes in which endogenous H2S has a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bishwajit Kumar Kushwaha
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Mohsin SM, Hasanuzzaman M, Parvin K, Fujita M. Pretreatment of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings with 2,4-D improves tolerance to salinity-induced oxidative stress and methylglyoxal toxicity by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defenses, and glyoxalase systems. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:221-231. [PMID: 32438299 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The commonly used herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has an as yet undetermined protective role in mitigating salinity-induced damage in crop plants. The aim of this study was to explore the possible roles of antioxidant defense and methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification systems in enhancing salt tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norin 61) seedlings following pretreatment with 2,4-D. Wheat seedlings were grown hydroponically, pretreated with 10 μM 2,4-D for 48 h, and then exposed to salt stress (150 and 250 mM NaCl) for the next five days. The protective effect of 2,4-D was associated with increased antioxidant enzyme activity and ascorbate and glutathione content, and with decreased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content and reduced electrolytic leakage. Application of 2,4-D increased glyoxalase enzyme activity, resulting in greater MG detoxification. Seedlings pretreated with 2,4-D showed improved growth, biomass, and leaf water content due to reductions in Na+ accumulation and increases in K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ uptake. Overall, these results highlight the potential use of this common herbicide as a phytoprotectant against salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Khursheda Parvin
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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Foliar application is an effective method for incorporating selenium into peanut leaf proteins with antioxidant activities. Food Res Int 2019; 126:108617. [PMID: 31732068 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteins were extracted from Se-enriched peanut leaves, an agro-byproduct, and the foliar application of sodium selenite was indicated to be an effective method to incorporate Se into leaf selenoproteins with 75-80% incorporation rates. After trypsin digestion, the most abundant proteins from Se-enriched peanut leaf (PSPL) were identified as pathogenesis-related class 10 proteins, Ara h 8 allergen and its isoforms, using LC-MS/MS. The Se species in both the low Se PSPL and high Se PSPL were determined to be selenomethionine (SeMet), methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) and selenocystine (SeCys2) with SeMet (15.6 mg/g) dominated the high Se PSPL. Their antioxidant activities were also evaluated using free radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay and ferric thiocyanate (FTC) test. As results, the PSPL exhibited potent DPPH radical (96.2%) and superoxide anion radical (98.4%) scavenging activities and showed strong reducing power in a Se-concentration-dependent manner, indicating that PSPL can be used as antioxidants and Se sources to improve health.
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14
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Yang F, Liu X, Wang H, Deng R, Yu H, Cheng Z. Identification and Allelopathy of Green Garlic ( Allium sativum L.) Volatiles on Scavenging of Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Reactive Oxygen Species. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183263. [PMID: 31500271 PMCID: PMC6767350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic and formulations containing allicin are used widely as fungicides in modern agriculture. However, limited reports are available on the allelopathic mechanism of green garlic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and its component allelochemicals. The aim of this study was to investigate VOCs of green garlic and their effect on scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cucumber. In this study, green garlic VOCs were collected by HS-SPME, then analyzed by GS-MS. Their biological activity were verified by bioassays. The results showed that diallyl disulfide (DADS) is the main allelochemical of green garlic VOCs and the DADS content released from green garlic is approximately 0.08 mg/g. On this basis, the allelopathic effects of green garlic VOCs in vivo and 1 mmol/L DADS on scavenging of ROS in cucumber seedlings were further studied. Green garlic VOCs and DADS both reduce superoxide anion and increase the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide of cucumber seedlings. They can also regulate active antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD), antioxidant substances (MDA, GSH and ASA) and genes (CscAPX, CsGPX, CsMDAR, CsSOD, CsCAT, CsPOD) responding to oxidative stress in cucumber seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Rui Deng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Hanhan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road No.3, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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15
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Yu Y, Li Z, Cao G, Huang S, Yang H. Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids Extracts Alleviate Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells via Naturally Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense Responses. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1609-1620. [PMID: 31116430 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bamboo leaf flavonoids extracts (BFE) were employed to alleviate oxidative stress induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells. Biochemical indexes, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, lipid droplets accumulation, antioxidant enzymes production, and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined to show the alleviation performance of BFE intervention (P < 0.05). Importantly, the results of qRT-PCR and western blot determination indicated that BFE intervention upregulated the expression of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 to initiate the antioxidant defense response for counteracting oxidative stress (P < 0.05). Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential-mediated apoptosis and FOXO signaling pathway initiation caused by BFE intervention may together contribute to oxidative stress alleviation in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggested that BFE intervention upregulated related antioxidant defense responses for preventing cells from oxidative damage. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, bamboo leaf flavonoids extracts intervention upregulated related antioxidant defense responses for preventing cells from oxidative damage. These findings in bamboo leaf extracts antioxidants are a promising and innovative subject with practical applications to enhance the development of bamboo leaf extracts functional products in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Huzhou Vocational and Technical College, Huzhou, 313000, PR China.,Dept. of Food Science, China Jiliang Univ., Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Zhanming Li
- Dept. of Food Science, China Jiliang Univ., Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.,Food Science and Technology Programme, Dept. of Chemistry, National Univ. of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Guangtian Cao
- Dept. of Food Science, China Jiliang Univ., Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Shudan Huang
- Dept. of Food Science, China Jiliang Univ., Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Hongshun Yang
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Dept. of Chemistry, National Univ. of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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16
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Islam F, Xie Y, Farooq MA, Wang J, Yang C, Gill RA, Zhu J, Zhou W. Salinity reduces 2,4-D efficacy in Echinochloa crusgalli by affecting redox balance, nutrient acquisition, and hormonal regulation. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:785-802. [PMID: 29151143 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Distinct salinity levels have been reported to enhance plants tolerance to different types of stresses. The aim of this research is to assess the interaction of saline stress and the use of 2,4-D as a means of controlling the growth of Echinochloa crusgalli. The resultant effect of such interaction is vital for a sustainable approach of weed management and food production. The results showed that 2,4-D alone treatment reduces the chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic capacity, enhanced MDA, electrolyte leakage, and ROS production (H2O2, O2·-) and inhibited the activities of ROS scavenging enzymes. Further analysis of the ultrastructure of chloroplasts indicated that 2,4-D induced severe damage to the ultrastructure of chloroplasts and thylakoids. Severe saline stress (8 dS m-1) followed by mild saline stress treatments (4 dS m-1) also reduced the E. crusgalli growth, but had the least impact as compared to the 2,4-D alone treatment. Surprisingly, under combined treatments (salinity + 2,4-D), the phytotoxic effect of 2,4-D was reduced on saline-stressed E. crusgalli plants, especially under mild saline + 2,4-D treatment. This stimulated growth of E. crusgalli is related to the higher activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and dynamic regulation of IAA, ABA under mild saline + 2,4-D treatment. This shows that 2,4-D efficacy was affected by salinity in a stress intensity-dependent manner, which may result in the need for greater herbicide application rates, additional application times, or more weed control operations required for controlling salt-affected weed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Islam
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad A Farooq
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chong Yang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rafaqat A Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinwen Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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17
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D'Amato R, Fontanella MC, Falcinelli B, Beone GM, Bravi E, Marconi O, Benincasa P, Businelli D. Selenium Biofortification in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Sprouting: Effects on Se Yield and Nutritional Traits with Focus on Phenolic Acid Profile. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4082-4090. [PMID: 29619819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The contents of total Se and of inorganic and organic Se species, as well as the contents of proteins, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolic acids, were measured in 10-day old sprouts of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) obtained with increasing levels (15, 45, 135, and 405 mg Se L-1) of sodium selenite and sodium selenate and with distilled water as control. Increasing Se levels increased organic and inorganic Se contents of sprouts, as well as the content of phenolic acids, especially in their soluble conjugated forms. Moderate levels of sodium selenite (i.e., not higher that 45 mg L-1) appeared the best compromise to obtain high Se and phenolic acid yields together with high proportion of organic Se while limiting residual Se in the germination substrate waste. Se biofortification of rice sprouts appears a feasible and efficient way to promote Se and phenolic acid intake in human diet, with well-known health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto D'Amato
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Fontanella
- Department for Sustainable Food Process , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Piacenza , 29100 Piacenza , Italy
| | - Beatrice Falcinelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Gian Maria Beone
- Department for Sustainable Food Process , Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Piacenza , 29100 Piacenza , Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bravi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Ombretta Marconi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paolo Benincasa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
| | - Daniela Businelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Perugia , 06121 Perugia , Italy
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18
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Islam F, Farooq MA, Gill RA, Wang J, Yang C, Ali B, Wang GX, Zhou W. 2,4-D attenuates salinity-induced toxicity by mediating anatomical changes, antioxidant capacity and cation transporters in the roots of rice cultivars. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10443. [PMID: 28874677 PMCID: PMC5585390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth regulator herbicides are widely used in paddy fields to control weeds, however their role in conferring environmental stress tolerance in the crop plants are still elusive. In this study, the effects of recommended dose of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on growth, oxidative damage, antioxidant defense, regulation of cation transporter genes and anatomical changes in the roots of rice cultivars XS 134 (salt resistant) and ZJ 88 (salt sensitive) were investigated under different levels of saline stress. Individual treatments of saline stress and 2,4-D application induced oxidative damage as evidenced by decreased root growth, enhanced ROS production, more membrane damage and Na+ accumulation in sensitive cultivar compared to the tolerant cultivar. Conversely, combined treatments of 2,4-D and saline stress significantly alleviated the growth inhibition and oxidative stress in roots of rice cultivars by modulating lignin and callose deposition, redox states of AsA, GSH, and related enzyme activities involved in the antioxidant defense system. The expression analysis of nine cation transporter genes showed altered and differential gene expression in salt-stressed roots of sensitive and resistant cultivars. Together, these results suggest that 2,4-D differentially regulates the Na+ and K+ levels, ROS production, antioxidant defense, anatomical changes and cation transporters/genes in roots of rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Islam
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad A Farooq
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat A Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chong Yang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Basharat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Guang-Xi Wang
- Department of Environmental Bioscience, Meijo University, Nagoya City, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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19
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Guardado-Félix D, Serna-Saldivar SO, Cuevas-Rodríguez EO, Jacobo-Velázquez DA, Gutiérrez-Uribe JA. Effect of sodium selenite on isoflavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) sprouts. Food Chem 2017; 226:69-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Wang G, Wu L, Zhang H, Wu W, Zhang M, Li X, Wu H. Regulation of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway: A Mechanism of Selenium Tolerance in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seedlings. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3626-35. [PMID: 27089243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the mechanisms of selenium (Se) tolerance in peanut seedlings, we grew peanut seedlings with sodium selenite (0, 3, and 6 mg/L), and investigated the phenylpropanoids metabolism in seedling roots. The results showed that selenite up-regulated the expression of genes and related enzyme activities involving in the phenylpropanoids biosynthesis cascade, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, trans-cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase. Selenite significantly increased phenolic acids and flavonoids, which contributed to the alleviation of selenite-induced stress. Moreover, selenite enhanced the formation of endodermis in roots, which may be attributed to the up-regulation of lignin biosynthesis mediated by the selenite-induced changes of H2O2 and NO, which probably regulated the selenite uptake from an external medium. Accumulation of polyphenolic compounds via the phenylpropanoid pathway may be one of the mechanisms of the increasing selenite tolerance in plants, by which peanut seedlings survived in seleniferous soil, accompanied by accumulation of Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liying Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenjia Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
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