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Soroush A, Pourhossein S, Hosseingholizadeh D, Hjazi A, Shahhosseini R, Kavoosi H, Kermanshahi N, Behnamrad P, Ghavamikia N, Dadashpour M, Karkon Shayan S. Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives. Med Oncol 2024; 41:125. [PMID: 38652207 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential anti-tumor agent. This review is an interesting compilation of all the important results of the research carried out to date to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of ZER. The ultimate goal of this comprehensive review is to supply updated information and a crucial evaluation on ZER, including its chemistry and immunomodulating and antitumour properties, which may be of principal importance to supply a novel pathway for subsequent investigation to discover new agents to treat cancers and immune-related sickness. In addition, updated information on the toxicology of ZER has been summarized to support its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Pourhossein
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haniyeh Kavoosi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazgol Kermanshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Behnamrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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de Oliveira Silva N, de Lima LVA, de Oliveira LM, da Silva MF, de Aguiar AP, Semprebon SC, Favaron PO, Lepri SR, Felicidade I, Mantovani MS. Cellular and molecular antiproliferative effects in 2D monolayer and 3D-cultivated HT-29 cells treated with zerumbone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1561-1573. [PMID: 37672080 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER) is a phytochemical isolated from plants of the Zingiberaceae family. Numerous studies have demonstrated its diverse pharmacological properties, particularly its potent antitumorigenic activity. This study aimed to assess the antiproliferative effects of ZER on HT-29 cells cultivated in both two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture systems. The evaluation of growth (size), cell death, and cell cycle arrest in 3D spheroid HT-29 cells was correlated with mRNA expression data. Treatment of 2D cells revealed that ZER exhibited cytotoxicity at concentrations above 30 µM, and an IC50 of 83.54 µM (24-h post-ZER treatment) effectively suppressed cell migration. In the 3D model, ZER induced an increase in spheroid volume over a 72-h period attributed to disaggregation and reconfiguration of characteristic zones. Analysis of cell death demonstrated a significant rise in apoptotic cells after 24 h of ZER treatment, along with cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Furthermore, ZER treatment resulted in alterations in mRNA expression, affecting key signaling pathways involved in cell death (BCL2 and BBC3), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERN1), DNA damage (GADD45A), cell cycle regulation (CDKN1A, NFKB1, MYC, and TP53), and autophagy (BECN1 and SQSTM1). These findings suggested that ZER holds promise as a potential candidate for the development of novel anticancer agents that can modulate crucial cell signaling pathways. Additionally, the use of the 3D culture system proved to be a valuable tool in our investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane de Oliveira Silva
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luan Vitor Alves de Lima
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Liana Martins de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Matheus Felipe da Silva
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amanda Passuello de Aguiar
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Simone Cristine Semprebon
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Phelipe Oliveira Favaron
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Lepri
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Felicidade
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Muchtaridi M, Az-Zahra F, Wongso H, Setyawati LU, Novitasari D, Ikram EHK. Molecular Mechanism of Natural Food Antioxidants to Regulate ROS in Treating Cancer: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:207. [PMID: 38397805 PMCID: PMC10885946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second-highest mortality rate disease worldwide, and it has been estimated that cancer will increase by up to 20 million cases yearly by 2030. There are various options of treatment for cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. All of these options have damaging adverse effects that can reduce the patient's quality of life. Cancer itself arises from a series of mutations in normal cells that generate the ability to divide uncontrollably. This cell mutation can happen as a result of DNA damage induced by the high concentration of ROS in normal cells. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress, which can initiate cancer cell proliferation. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect from elevated ROS levels can be utilized as anticancer therapy. Some bioactive compounds from natural foods such as fruit, vegetables, herbs, honey, and many more have been identified as a promising source of natural antioxidants that can prevent oxidative stress by regulating the level of ROS in the body. In this review, we have highlighted and discussed the benefits of various natural antioxidant compounds from natural foods that can regulate reactive oxygen species through various pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (F.A.-Z.); (L.U.S.); (D.N.)
- Research Collaboration Centre for Radiopharmaceuticals Theranostic, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jln. Raya Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Farhah Az-Zahra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (F.A.-Z.); (L.U.S.); (D.N.)
| | - Hendris Wongso
- Research Collaboration Centre for Radiopharmaceuticals Theranostic, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jln. Raya Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical and Biodosimetry Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Puspiptek, Kota Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Luthfi Utami Setyawati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (F.A.-Z.); (L.U.S.); (D.N.)
- Research Collaboration Centre for Radiopharmaceuticals Theranostic, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jln. Raya Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Dhania Novitasari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (F.A.-Z.); (L.U.S.); (D.N.)
| | - Emmy Hainida Khairul Ikram
- Integrated Nutrition Science and Therapy Research Group (INSPIRE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia;
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T S, R SK, Nair AR. Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide-Zerumbone (ZnO-Zer) Nanoflakes Towards Evaluating Its Antibacterial and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Dependent Cytotoxic Activity. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03560-1. [PMID: 38148408 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Being the second most prevalent metal oxide, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials have been widely studied and found to exhibit promising applications in various domains of biomedicine and agriculture. Considering the enhanced bioactivities displayed by secondary metabolite (SM) derived ZnO nanomaterials, present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ZnO nanoflake (NF) derived from Zerumbone (Zer), a sesquiterpenoid from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome with diverse pharmacological properties. ZnO NF prepared by homogeneous precipitation method using ZnSO4.7H2O (0.1 M) and NaOH (0.2 M) as precursors with and without the addition of Zer (0.38 mM) were characterized by powder UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectroscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis. Optical and physical properties of ZnO-Zer NF were found to match with the typical ZnO nanomaterial properties. XRD analysis revealed reduction in size (15 nm) of the green synthesized ZnO-Zer NF compared to ZnO NF (21 nm). ZnO-Zer NF displayed linear correlation between concentration and antimicrobial activity to Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Determination of cytotoxic potential of the synthesized ZnO-Zer NF in cervical cancer cells (HeLa) showed higher cytotoxicity of ZnO-Zer NF (39.32 ± 3.01%) compared to Zer alone (27.02 ± 1.22%). Present study revealing improvement in bioactivity of Zer following conjugation with ZnO NF signifies potential of NF formation in improving therapeutic application of Zer that otherwise displays low solubility limiting its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa T
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar R
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Aswati R Nair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
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Zhang X, Liu D, Ye Z, Chen X, Chen H, Ye M. Gastroprotective effect of the Lachnum polysaccharide and polysaccharide-dipeptide conjugates against gastric ulcer. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113661. [PMID: 36803919 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Lachnum have many important biological activities. The LEP2a-dipeptide derivative (LAG) was obtained by carboxymethyl modification and alanyl-glutamine modification of LEP2a, an extracellular polysaccharide component of Lachnum. Mice with acute gastric ulcers were treated with 50 (low doses) and 150 (high doses) mg/kg, and their therapeutic effects were evaluated from the aspects of pathological damage to gastric tissue, oxidative stress response and inflammatory signal cascade reaction. High doses of LAG and LEP2a significantly inhibited pathological damage to the gastric mucosa, increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and decreased the levels of MDA, and MPO. LEP-2A and LAG could also inhibit the production of proinflammatory factors and reduce the inflammatory response. They significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, while upregulated the level of PGE2 at high doses. LAG and LEP2a inhibited the protein expression of p-JNK, p-ERK, p-P38, p-IKK, p-IKB α and p-NF-KBP65. LAG and LEP2a protect the gastric mucosa in mice with ulcers by improving oxidative stress, blocking the MAPK/NF-κB pathway and inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors, and the anti-ulcer activity of LAG is superior to that of LEP2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, Anqing, 246003, China.
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Ming Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Wuken S, Li J, Gao X, Jiao S, Ma X, Chen S, Tu P, Huang L, Chai X. Zerumbone, a major sesquiterpene from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., exerts the sedative effect by regulating GABAergic nervous system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115813. [PMID: 36220513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zerumbone (ZER) is a humulane sesquiterpenoid isolated from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. (SP), its content accounts for 64.7% of volatile oil and 0.86% of total ethanol extract (TEE), representing one of characteristic ingredient of SP. As a representative Mongolian medicine with anti-"Khii", anti-asthma, and clearing-heat effects, SP has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, upset, insomnia, and other symptoms. AIM OF STUDY Previous results showed that TEE has sedative effect, but the pharmacological substances and its sedative mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to determine whether ZER, as one of major and characteristic sesquiterpenoids of SP, contributes to the sedative effect of SP and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Locomotor activity and threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments were used to evaluate the sedative effects in mice. ELISA assay was used to examine the level of GABA/Glu ratio in rats hippocampus, cortex and hypothalamus tissue. The binding ability of ZER with glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) and Gephyrin protein were predicted by molecular docking. Western blot and Immunohistochemistry assay were used to determine the expression of GABAergic nerve system related proteins (GAD67, Gephyrin) in rat's hypothalamus. ZER was co-administrated with flumazenil and bicuculline (GABAA antagonist) to determine whether it acts on GABAA receptor. Furthermore, MQAE assay was used to test the effect of ZER on the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cells. RESULTS Current data demonstrated that ZER dose-dependently (5-20 mg/kg) reduces the locomotor activity and sleep latency of mice, and extend sleeping time of mice. The results of ELISA showed that ZER increases the level of GABA/Glu in rats brain tissue, in particular in hypothalamus. Molecular docking results revealed that ZER has a strong affinity to GAD67 and Gephyrin protein. The Western blot and Immunohistochemistry data indicated that ZER up-regulates the expression of GAD67 and Gephyrin protein in rat's hypothalamus. Antagonism test results demonstrated that flumazenil and bicuculline reverse the effect of ZER on threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments. In addition, ZER also could dose-dependently (5-20 μM) increase the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cell, suggesting that ZER induces the opening of chloride channel, exerts central inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION ZER has a significant sedative effect in mice and rat, and the effect is associated with GABAergic nervous system. The present results suggest that ZER, as one of the major bioactive ingredients of SP, contributes to the sedative effect and provide substantial evidence for its traditional use of anti-"Khii" in clinic of Syringa pinnatifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia, 750306, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
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Ibáñez MD, Sánchez-Ballester NM, Blázquez MA. Healthy Zerumbone: From Natural Sources to Strategies to Improve Its Bioavailability and Oral Administration. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:5. [PMID: 36616138 PMCID: PMC9823342 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zerumbone is a multifunctional compound with antimicrobial, antitumor, hyperalgesic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory applications, and constitutes a point molecule for the future synthesis of derivatives with improved efficiency. This monocyclic sesquiterpenoid is found in high content in wild ginger (Zingiber zerumbet Smith), a perennial herb with economic importance as an ornamental as well as a medicinal plant. The presence of zerumbone is a distinctive feature that allows identification and differentiation from other species, not only in Zingiber, but also in Curcuma, Alpinia, Boesenbergia, Ethlingera and Ammomum spp., as well as related families (Costaceaee). To successfully use zerumbone in areas such as medicine, food and agriculture, further research on improving its low solubility and bioavailability, as well as its preservation, is a major current priority. In addition, despite its promising pharmacological activities, preclinical and clinical studies are required to demonstrate and evaluate the in vivo efficacy of zerumbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ibáñez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Noelia M. Sánchez-Ballester
- ICGM, Département Chimie et Matériaux Moléculaires, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, 30900 Nîmes, France
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
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Islam MR, Akash S, Rahman MM, Nowrin FT, Akter T, Shohag S, Rauf A, Aljohani AS, Simal-Gandara J. Colon cancer and colorectal cancer: Prevention and treatment by potential natural products. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Naeem A, Hu P, Yang M, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhu W, Zheng Q. Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238367. [PMID: 36500466 PMCID: PMC9737905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are currently being investigated as potential cytotoxic agents and have shown a positive trend in preclinical research and have prompted numerous innovative strategies in order to combat cancer and expedite the clinical research. Natural products are becoming increasingly important for drug discovery due to their high molecular diversity and novel biofunctionality. Furthermore, natural products can provide superior efficacy and safety due to their unique molecular properties. The objective of the current review is to provide an overview of the emergence of natural products for the treatment and prevention of cancer, such as chemosensitizers, immunotherapeutics, combinatorial therapies with other anticancer drugs, novel formulations of natural products, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Pengyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Quality Evaluation on Anti-Inflammatory Chinese Herbs, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence:
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Singh N, Yadav SS. Ethnomedicinal uses of Indian spices used for cancer treatment: A treatise on structure-activity relationship and signaling pathways. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1845-1872. [PMID: 36276240 PMCID: PMC9579211 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is among the major cause of demise worldwide. Though the array of anticancer chemical medications is available but unfortunately, they are also associated with negative health effects. The invaluable therapeutic potential of spices makes them an integral part of our daily diet. Therefore, the present work focuses on the traditional uses of 46 spices and the phytochemical analysis of 31 spices. Out of them, only 29 spices are explored for their cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. The pre-clinical and clinical anticancer studies of spices along with their toxicity, mechanism of actions like Wnt/β-catenin, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), JAK/STAT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Notch-mediated pathways and Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies were also focused. Curcumin was found as one of the most explored bioactive in every aspect such as in-vitro, in-vivo, clinical as well as SAR anticancer studies while some other bioactive such as 1,8-Cineole, trans-Anethole, Diosgenin, Trigonelline are either unexplored or least explored for their clinical and SAR studies. In fact, traditional medicinal uses of spices also provide solid shreds of evidence for the new leads towards the invention of novel anticancer agents. Therefore, further research can be designed for the anticancer marketed formulation from spices after having their placebo and related toxicological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Surender Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
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Zong S, Ye H, Ye Z, He Y, Zhang X, Ye M. Polysaccharides from Lachnum sp. Inhibited colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis in mice by modulating fecal microbiota and metabolites. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108656. [PMID: 35390743 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Lachnum sp. polysaccharides (LEP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. In this study, our efforts are focused on the influence of LEP on CRC, intestinal barrier and inflammation, and fecal microbiota and the metabolites, in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CRC mice. Results showed that LEP inhibited CRC mouse colon shortening and weight loss, decreased tumor incidence, restored intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced excessive inflammation. LEP consumption significantly altered microbiota overall structure and community, with reduced pernicious bacteria (such as Parabacteroides, Escherichia_Shigella, Desulfovibrio and Helicobacter), and increased beneficial bacterium (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella and Ruminiclostridium). Fecal-metabolome profile indicated that a total of 43 metabolites were clearly changed, with 10 down-regulated and 33 up-regulated metabolites. In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Moreover, a strong correlation between the fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites was found. These findings provided not only deeper insights into the responsibility of LEP for CRC alleviation, and but also the potential of LEP as a promising candidate for CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Hongling Ye
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fashion Technology, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, Anqing 246003, China
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yaling He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xinmiao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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12
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Fadhel Abbas Albaayit S, Maharjan R, Abdullah R, Hezmee Mohd Noor M. Evaluation of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus property of zerumbone. J Appl Biomed 2022; 20:15-21. [PMID: 35170271 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2022.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Zerumbone has been reported to exert anti-microbial effects, but the mechanism by which the compound exerts its action is not known. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of zerumbone against methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), using the atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and flow cytometry techniques. METHODS MRSA (NCTC 13277) cell viability was determined using the microplate AlamarBlue assay. AFM and SEM were used to determine the morphology of zerumbone-treated MRSA cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the effect of zerumbone on bacterial membrane permeability and membrane potential, using the propidium iodide (PI) staining method, membrane potential-sensitive fluorescence probe, and DiBAC4(3) dye. DCFDA dye was used to determine the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by MRSA. RESULTS Zerumbone significantly inhibited MRSA growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 µg/ml. The AFM analysis showed that zerumbone caused leakage of cytoplasmic content from the bacterial cells. Ultrastructure analysis showed small colonies of the bacteria with pores on the membrane surface. There were increases in zerumbone-treated MRSA PI and DiBAC4(3) fluorescence, indicating an increase in cell membrane permeability and a decrease in membrane potential that culminated in the loss of membrane structural integrity and bacterial death. Based on DCFDA dye analysis, zerumbone also reduced ROS production by MRSA. CONCLUSIONS Zerumbone exerts anti-MRSA effects by causing membrane depolarization, increasing membrane permeability, and finally disrupting cell membrane and bacterial killing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rukesh Maharjan
- University of Karachi, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Bioactive Compounds from Zingiber montanum and Their Pharmacological Activities with Focus on Zerumbone. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The genus Zingiber consists of about 85 species and many of these species are used as food, spices, and medicines. One of the species, Zingiber montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex A. Dietr. is native to Southeast Asia and has been extensively used as traditional medicines and food. The aim of this review was to collect and critically analyze the scientific information about the bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities of Z. montanum with focus on one of the main components, zerumbone (ZER). Various studies have reported the analysis of volatile constituents of the essential oils from Z. montanum. Similarly, many phenylbutanoids, flavonoids and terpenes were also isolated from rhizomes. These essential oils, extracts and compounds showed potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities among others. Zerumbone has been studied widely for its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and other pharmacological activities. Future studies should focus on the exploration of various pharmacological activities of other compounds including phenylbutanoids and flavonoids. Bioassay guided isolation may result in the separation of other active components from the extracts. Z. montanum could be a promising source for the development of pharmaceutical products and functional foods.
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14
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Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Sabri H, Bibak B, Mollazadeh H, Sahebkar A. Zerumbone, a ginger sesquiterpene, inhibits migration, invasion, and metastatic behavior of human malignant glioblastoma multiforme in vitro. Biofactors 2021; 47:729-739. [PMID: 34046952 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The most widespread and challenging aggressive malignant tumor in the brain is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is characterized, in particular, by significant intratumor cell variability, high growth rates, and widespread invasiveness within the surrounding normal brain parenchyma. The present study aimed to examine the impact of the natural product Zerumbone, a promising sesquiterpenoid phytochemical from Zingiber zerumbet, on U-87 MG GBM cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. At sub-lethal doses, Zerumbone exerted a concentration- and time-dependent suppression of cell migration ability utilizing scratch wound closure assay; it also inhibited GBM cells' invasion using Transwell invasion assay in a concentration-dependent fashion. The enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 and their protein expression has also been reduced by administration of Zerumbone. Furthermore, Zerumbone was revealed to downregulate the mRNA expression level of IL-1β and MCP-1, two genes contributing to MMPs expression. We also found that Zerumbone exerted an inhibitory effect on the expression of Akt and total p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/Erk2) against U-87 MG cells. These findings collectively provide further proof for the possible molecular signaling basis of the antimetastatic effects of Zerumbone as a promising phytochemical, indicating a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GBM through repression of migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamed Sabri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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El Fagie RM, Yusoff NA, Lim V, Mohamed Kamal NNSN, Samad NA. Anti-Cancer and Anti-Angiogenesis Activities of Zerumbone Isolated from Zingiber Zerumbet - A Systematic Review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.9.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Significant number of literatures has demonstrated the antiproliferative effect of Zerumbone and its role as anti-angiogenesis. The aims of this systematic review were to assess the anti-cancer effects of Zerumbone and the role of its antiangiogenic properties in treating cancer. Relevant articles were selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Articles chosen for this systematic review were between January 2008 and December 2018. Relevant articles were identified through an extensive search in Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus. The literature searches of the electronic databases combined the following key words: anti-angiogenic, anticancer, Zerumbone and Zingiber zerumbet. Studies chosen for this review includes the following designs in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo. The initial literature search obtained a total of 352 related records and the final number of studies that met the inclusion criteria in the current review was 43 studies. In vitro studies were the commonest study design. Evidently, Zerumbone demonstrate a potential antiproliferative and antiangiogenic. The antiproliferative activities of Zerumbone was shown to induce by different signalling pathway. Zerumbone through its antiangiogenic effect play a great role in reducing invasion and metastasis. Some selected studies on Zerumbone were found to plague with limitation such as lack of toxic threshold value which may be needed for the clinical trials on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M.H. El Fagie
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Sains@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Adlin Yusoff
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Sains@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Sains@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Sains@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nozlena Abdul Samad
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Sains@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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16
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Bhukta S, Gopinath P, Dandela R. Target identification of anticancer natural products using a chemical proteomics approach. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27950-27964. [PMID: 35480761 PMCID: PMC9038044 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a strong demand worldwide for the identification and development of potential anticancer drugs based on natural products. Natural products have been explored for their diverse biological and therapeutic applications from ancient time. In order to enhance the efficacy and selectivity and to minimize the undesired side effects of anti cancer natural products (ANPs), it is essential to understand their target proteins and their mechanistic pathway. Chemical proteomics is one of the most powerful tools to connect ANP target identification and quantification where labeling and non-labeling based approaches have been used. Herein, we have discussed the various strategies to systemically develop selective ANP based chemical probes to characterise their specific and non-specific target proteins using a chemical proteomic approach in various cancer cell lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhapriya Bhukta
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Indianoil Odisha Campus, Samantpuri Bhubaneswar 751013 India
| | - Pushparathinam Gopinath
- Department of Chemistry, SRM-Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Chennai Tamilnadu India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Indianoil Odisha Campus, Samantpuri Bhubaneswar 751013 India
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17
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Rahman HS. Preclinical Drug Discovery in Colorectal Cancer: A Focus on Natural Compounds. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:977-997. [PMID: 33820517 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210405105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered one of the most predominant and deadly cancer globally. Nowadays, the main clinical management for this cancer includes chemotherapy and surgery; however, these treatments result in the occurrence of drug resistance and severe side effects, and thus it is a crucial requirement to discover an alternative and potential therapy for CRC treatment. Numerous therapeutic cancers were initially recognized from natural metabolites utilized in traditional medicine, and several recent types of research have shown that many natural products own potential effects against CRC and may assist the action of chemotherapy for the treatment of CRC. It has been indicated that most patients are well tolerated by natural compounds without showing any toxicity signs even at high doses. Conventional chemotherapeutics interaction with natural medicinal compounds presents a new feature in cancer exploration and treatment. Most of the natural compounds overwhelm malignant cell propagation by apoptosis initiation of CRC cells and arresting of the cell cycle (especially at G, S, and G2/M phase) that result in inhibition of tumor growth. OBJECTIVE This mini-review aimed to focus on natural compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, terpenoids, lactones, quinones, etc.) that were identified to have anti- CRC activity in vitro on CRC cell lines and/or in vivo experiments on animal models. CONCLUSION Most of the studied active natural compounds possess anti-CRC activity via different mechanisms and pathways in vitro and in vivo that might be used as assistance by clinicians to support chemotherapy therapeutic strategy and treatment doses for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, 46001 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq-Chaq Qularaisee, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
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18
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Alkaloid Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Exerts Antitumor Activity in Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer via Modulation of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5591687. [PMID: 34211571 PMCID: PMC8208859 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5591687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors diagnosed worldwide. Moringa oleifera Lam. is a valuable medicinal plant native to India and Pakistan. However, the antilung cancer activity of M. oleifera alkaloid extract (MOAE) is unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the regulatory effect of MOAE on A549 cells by examination of the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and migration of cells and to elucidate the possible mechanism of action of MOAE. We tested five types of cancer cells and four types of lung cancer cells and found MOAE exerted the strongest growth inhibitory effect against A549 cells but had low toxicity to GES-1 cells (human gastric mucosal epithelial cells). Simultaneously, MOAE induced apoptosis and increased the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins caspase-3 and caspase-9 in A549 cells. Furthermore, MOAE induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase through a decrease in the expression of the proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin E and an increase in the expression of the protein p21. MOAE also inhibited the migratory ability of A549 cells and decreased the expression of the migration-related proteins, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP9. In addition, the phosphorylation level of JAK2 and STAT3 proteins was decreased in MOAE-treated A549 cells. Furthermore, AZD1480 (a JAK inhibitor) and MOAE inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 cells and induced cell apoptosis, and the effects of MOAE and AZD1480 were not additive. These results indicated that MOAE inhibits the proliferation and migration of A549 cells and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through a mechanism that is related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation. Thus, this extract has potential for preventing and treating lung cancer.
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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20
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Zhang J, Fan J, Zeng X, Nie M, Luan J, Wang Y, Ju D, Yin K. Hedgehog signaling in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:609-620. [PMID: 33777671 PMCID: PMC7982428 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays important roles in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and the gastrointestinal tumor microenvironment (TME). Aberrant HH signaling activation may accelerate the growth of gastrointestinal tumors and lead to tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance. The interaction between HH signaling and the TME is intimately involved in these processes, for example, tumor growth, tumor immune tolerance, inflammation, and drug resistance. Evidence indicates that inflammatory factors in the TME, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), macrophages, and T cell-dependent immune responses, play a vital role in tumor growth by affecting the HH signaling pathway. Moreover, inhibition of proliferating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and inflammatory factors can normalize the TME by suppressing HH signaling. Furthermore, aberrant HH signaling activation is favorable to both the proliferation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the drug resistance of gastrointestinal tumors. This review discusses the current understanding of the role and mechanism of aberrant HH signaling activation in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, the gastrointestinal TME, tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance and highlights the underlying therapeutic opportunities.
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Key Words
- 5-Fu, 5-fluorouracil
- ALK5, TGF-β receptor I kinase
- ATO, arsenic trioxide
- BCC, basal cell carcinoma
- BCL-2, B cell lymphoma 2
- BMI-1, B cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region-1
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CSCs, cancer stem cells
- Cancer stem cells
- Carcinogenesis
- DHH, Desert Hedgehog
- Drug resistance
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- FOLFOX, oxaliplatin
- G protein coupled receptor kinase 2, HH
- Gastrointestinal cancer
- Hedgehog
- Hedgehog, HIF-1α
- IHH, Indian Hedgehog
- IL-10/6, interleukin 10/6
- ITCH, itchy E3 ubiquitin ligase
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- NK, natural killer
- NOX4, NADPH Oxidase 4
- PD-1, programmed cell death-1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand-1
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PTCH, Patched
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SHH, Sonic Hedgehog
- SMAD3, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3
- SMO, Smoothened
- SNF5, sucrose non-fermenting 5
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- SUFU, Suppressor of Fused
- TAMs, tumor-related macrophages
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- WNT, Wingless/Integrated
- and leucovorin, GLI
- ch5E1, chimeric monoclonal antibody 5E1
- glioma-associated oncogene homologue, GRK2
- hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, IFN-γ: interferon-γ
- βArr2, β-arrestin2
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingming Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jingyun Luan
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Shanghai 201203, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 65349106 (Kai Yin); Tel.: +86 21 5198 0037; Fax +86 21 5198 0036 (Dianwen Ju).
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 65349106 (Kai Yin); Tel.: +86 21 5198 0037; Fax +86 21 5198 0036 (Dianwen Ju).
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Li K, Wu L, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Li M, Hao K, Zhang W, Jiang S, Wang Z. Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Effects of β-Mangostin on Rat C6 Glioma Cells Depend on Oxidative Stress Induction via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Inhibition. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:5315-5324. [PMID: 33293793 PMCID: PMC7718963 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s278414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the nervous system, which accounts for more than 45% of central nervous system tumors and seriously threatens our health. Because of high mortality rate, limitations, and many complications of traditional treatment methods, new treatment methods are urgently needed. β-Mangostin is a natural compound derived from the fruit of Garcinia mangostana L. and it has anticancer activity in several types of cancer cells. However, the antitumor effect of β-mangostin in glioma has not been clarified. Hence, this study aimed to investigate its therapeutic effects on gliomas. Materials and Methods To study the effect of β-mangostin on glioma cells, cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species production, cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated in the C6 cell line in vitro. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to analyze protein expression and phosphorylation to study its mechanism of action. A subcutaneous xenograft model was used to investigate the effect of β-mangostin on tumorigenesis in vivo. Results We found that β-mangostin can inhibit glioma cell growth and induce oxidative damage in vitro. In addition, it reduces the phosphorylated form levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR. Furthermore, the phosphorylated form levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were increased after the PI3K inhibitor was added. In vivo experiments showed that β-mangostin can inhibit tumor growth as shown by its reduced size and weight. Conclusion This study suggests that β-mangostin can inhibit cell proliferation and induce oxidative damage in cells. It is the first study to demonstrate that β-mangostin induces oxidative damage in glioma cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yili Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianni Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Hao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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Osorio M, Martinez E, Naranjo T, Castro C. Recent Advances in Polymer Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery of Adjuvants in Colorectal Cancer Treatment: A Scientific-Technological Analysis and Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E2270. [PMID: 32408538 PMCID: PMC7288015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the type with the second highest morbidity. Recently, a great number of bioactive compounds and encapsulation techniques have been developed. Thus, this paper aims to review the drug delivery strategies for chemotherapy adjuvant treatments for CRC, including an initial scientific-technological analysis of the papers and patents related to cancer, CRC, and adjuvant treatments. For 2018, a total of 167,366 cancer-related papers and 306,240 patents were found. Adjuvant treatments represented 39.3% of the total CRC patents, indicating the importance of adjuvants in the prognosis of patients. Chemotherapy adjuvants can be divided into two groups, natural and synthetic (5-fluorouracil and derivatives). Both groups can be encapsulated using polymers. Polymer-based drug delivery systems can be classified according to polymer nature. From those, anionic polymers have garnered the most attention, because they are pH responsive. The use of polymers tailors the desorption profile, improving drug bioavailability and enhancing the local treatment of CRC via oral administration. Finally, it can be concluded that antioxidants are emerging compounds that can complement today's chemotherapy treatments. In the long term, encapsulated antioxidants will replace synthetic drugs and will play an important role in curing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Osorio
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín 050031, Colombia; (M.O.); (E.M.)
| | - Estefanía Martinez
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín 050031, Colombia; (M.O.); (E.M.)
| | - Tonny Naranjo
- School of Health Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78 B # 72 A-109, Medellín 050034, Colombia;
- Medical and Experimental Mycology Group, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Carrera 72 A # 78 B-141, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Cristina Castro
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín 050031, Colombia; (M.O.); (E.M.)
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Zerumbone Promotes Cytotoxicity in Human Malignant Glioblastoma Cells through Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3237983. [PMID: 32454937 PMCID: PMC7225859 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3237983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most hostile tumor in the central nervous system. Unfortunately, the prognosis of GBM patients is poor following surgical interventions, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Consequently, more efficient and effective treatment options for the treatment of GBM need to be explored. Zerumbone, as a sesquiterpene derived from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, has substantial cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities in some types of cancer. Here, we show that exposure of GBM cells (U-87 MG) to Zerumbone demonstrated significant growth inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. Zerumbone also induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest of human GBM U-87 MG cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. In detail, the apoptotic process triggered by Zerumbone involved the upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and the suppression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 genes expression as determined by qRT-PCR. Moreover, Zerumbone enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), as an antioxidant, reversed the ROS-induced cytotoxicity of U-87 MG cells. The Western blot analysis suggested that Zerumbone activated the NF-κB p65, which was partly inhibited by NAC treatment. Collectively, our results confirmed that Zerumbone induces cytotoxicity by ROS generation. Thus, the study raises the possibility of Zerumbone as a potential natural agent for treating GBM due to its ability to induce cytotoxicity.
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Huang XM, Yang ZJ, Xie Q, Zhang ZK, Zhang H, Ma JY. Natural products for treating colorectal cancer: A mechanistic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Zong S, Li J, Yang L, Huang Q, Hou G, Ye Z, Ye M. Mechanism of bioactive polysaccharide from Lachnum sp. acts synergistically with 5-fluorouracil against human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15548-15562. [PMID: 30770552 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used antitumor agent, however the overall response rate to 5-FU as a single agent is usually limited. Herein, how Lachnum expolysaccharide (LEP-2a), a type of active polysaccharide isolated from Lachnum sp., acted synergistically with 5-FU on HepG2 cells was investigated. It was found that LEP-2a notably enhanced 5-FU sensitivity in HepG2 cells in a synergistic manner. After combination treatment of 5-FU and LEP-2a, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were inactivated. In addition, combination treatment induced generation of reactive oxygen species, decreased the levels of intracellular antioxidant enzymes and triggered mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, 5-FU combined with LEP-2a also resulted in p53 activation and NF-κB inhibition, and cell cycle arrest in the S phase as well as cell metastasis stagnation. Interestingly, LEP-2a treatment also blocked the DNA damage repair procedure. These findings demonstrate that LEP-2a enhanced 5-FU sensitivity and combination of 5-FU and LEP-2a exerts synergistic antitumor efficiency through multiple approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinglei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianli Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Rosa A, Caprioglio D, Isola R, Nieddu M, Appendino G, Falchi AM. Dietary zerumbone from shampoo ginger: new insights into its antioxidant and anticancer activity. Food Funct 2019; 10:1629-1642. [PMID: 30834410 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02395f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dietary sesquiterpene dienone zerumbone (ZER) selectively targets cancer cells, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, and protects non-cancerous cells towards oxidative stress and insult. This study examines the in vitro effects of ZER on lipid peroxidation in biological systems (cholesterol and phospholipid membrane oxidation) and explores its antitumor action in terms of its ability to modulate cancer cell lipid profile. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of ZER showed that this compound is unable to trap lipoperoxyl radicals per se. ZER significantly modulated the total lipid and fatty acid profiles in cancer cells, inducing marked changes in the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio, with significant decreases in the levels of oleic and palmitic acids and a marked increase of stearic acid. Cell-based fluorescent measurements of intracellular membranes and lipid droplets using the Nile Red staining technique showed that in cancer cells, ZER induced significant accumulation of cytosolic lipid droplets and altered cell membrane organization/protein dynamics, depolarizing the mitochondrial membranes and inducing apoptosis and alteration of nuclear morphology. The modulatory activity of ZER on the total lipid and fatty acid profiles and lipid droplets may therefore represent another possible mechanism of its anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Km 4.5 SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Wang M, Niu J, Ou L, Deng B, Wang Y, Li S. Zerumbone Protects against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl 4)-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response: Involving the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101964. [PMID: 31121820 PMCID: PMC6571963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural compound Zerumbone (hereinafter referred to as ZER), a monocyclic sesquiterpenoid, has been reported to possess many pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of ZER against acute liver injury (ALI) in CCl4-induced mice models. ICR mice were pretreated intraperitoneally with ZER for five days, then received a CCl4 injection two hours after the last ZER administration and were sacrificed 24 h later. Examination of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and the histopathological analysis confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of ZER. Biochemical assays revealed that ZER pretreatment recovered the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), restored the glutathione (GSH) reservoir, and reduced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), all in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, administration of ZER in vivo reduced the release amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inhibited the increased protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p-p65, and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). Further studies in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 inflammatory cellular models verified that ZER could inhibit inflammation via inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. Thus, our study indicated that ZER exhibited a hepatoprotective effect against ALI through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the possible mechanism might be mediated by the TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. Collectively, our studies indicate ZER could be a potential candidate for chemical liver injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Wang
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Jingling Niu
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Lina Ou
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Bo Deng
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Sanqiang Li
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
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Gopalan G, Prabha B, Joe A, Reshmitha TR, Sherin DR, Abraham B, Sabu M, Manojkumar TK, Radhakrishnan KV, Nisha P. Screening of Musa balbisiana Colla. seeds for antidiabetic properties and isolation of apiforol, a potential lead, with antidiabetic activity. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:2521-2529. [PMID: 30393852 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Phytonutrients' have been reported to exert an incredible impact on the healthcare system and offer medical benefits including the prevention or treatment of lifestyle-associated diseases. We chose one of the most common and important plant families, Musaceae, for our present study and explored its antidiabetic potential. RESULTS Seeds of the edible fruits of Musa balbisiana Colla. were investigated for their antidiabetic potential. After estimating the proximate composition, the seeds were extracted with various solvents and evaluated for antidiabetic potential in terms of the inhibition of digestive enzymes, antiglycation activity and in vitro glucose uptake. The acetone extract demonstrated the highest inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes with IC50 values of 36.67 ± 0.367 and 100.61 ± 0.707 µg mL-1 , respectively. The extract also exhibited significant glycation inhibition with an IC50 value of 86.48 ± 0.751 µg mL-1 . Furthermore, a major phytochemical, apiforol, was isolated from the acetone extract for the first time, which demonstrated promising α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 48.25 ± 0.255 µmol L-1 ), antiglycation property (IC50 = 114.23 ± 0.567 µmol L-1 ) and enhanced glucose uptake in L6 myoblasts. In molecular docking studies, apiforol efficiently bonded to the active sites of α-glucosidase enzyme 3A4A. CONCLUSIONS As dietary intervention is one of the effective strategies for addressing diabetes, special attention is always given to natural food bio-actives or agro-products for better human health. The results of our study suggest that Musa balbisiana has significant potential as an ingredient in health food formulations by reducing postprandial hyperglycaemia. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma Gopalan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Organic Chemistry Section, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Bernard Prabha
- Organic Chemistry Section, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Alfred Joe
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut, India
| | - Thankappan R Reshmitha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Daisy R Sherin
- Centre for Computational Modeling and Data Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Billu Abraham
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Mamiyil Sabu
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut, India
| | - Thanathu K Manojkumar
- Centre for Computational Modeling and Data Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Kokkuvayil V Radhakrishnan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Organic Chemistry Section, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Prakasan Nisha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Zhang X, Zhang HM. Alantolactone induces gastric cancer BGC-823 cell apoptosis by regulating reactive oxygen species generation and the AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4795-4802. [PMID: 31186685 PMCID: PMC6507453 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alantolactone (ALT), a natural sesquiterpene lactone, has been suggested to exert anti-cancer activities in various cancer cell lines. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of ALT in human gastric cancer remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the effects of ALT on BGC-823 cells were examined and the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with these effects were investigated. Cell viability was detected by using an MTT assay. Cell cycle, cell apoptosis and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of proteins of interest were analyzed by western blot assay. The results demonstrated that ALT triggered apoptosis and induced G0/G1 phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression level of the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 was downregulated, and expression of the pro-apoptosis proteins Bax and cleaved PARP were significantly upregulated. The cell cycle-associated proteins cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B were also increased, while cyclin D1 was deceased. In addition, ALT induced apoptosis via the inhibition of RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) signaling and ROS generation, which was effectively inhibited by the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine. Therefore, the results from the present study indicated that the ROS-mediated inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway serves an important role in ALT-induced apoptosis in BGC-823 cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that ALT exerted significant anti-cancer effects against gastric cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital, Chongqing 401120, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Ming Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Area Command for The People's Liberation Army, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830000, P.R. China
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Zhang P, Zhang Y, Liu K, Liu B, Xu W, Gao J, Ding L, Tao L. Ivermectin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HeLa cells via mitochondrial pathway. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12543. [PMID: 30515909 PMCID: PMC6496724 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of study was to investigate the anticancer activities of Ivermectin (IVM) and the possible mechanisms in cells level via cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis and migration inhibition in model cancer cell HeLa. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MTT assay was used to study the inhibitory effect of IVM on the proliferation of Hela cells, and the cell cycle was analysed by flow cytometry. The neutral comet assay was used to study the DNA damage. The presence of apoptosis was confirmed by DAPI nuclear staining and flow cytometry. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined using Rhodamine 123 staining and DCFH-DA staining. Western blot analysis for apoptosis-related proteins was carried out. We use scratch test to analyse the antimigration potential of IVM. RESULTS Ivermectin can inhibit the viability of HeLa cells significantly. In addition, treatment with IVM resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase which partly account for the suppressed proliferation. Typical apoptosis morphological changes were shown in IVM treatment cells including DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation. At the same time, the results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly with the increase of IVM concentration. Moreover, we observed that the mitochondrial membrane potential collapses and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the cytoplasm increases, which induces cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, activates caspase-9/-3 and finally induces apoptosis. We also found that IVM can significantly increase intracellular ROS content. At the same time, we determined that IVM can significantly inhibit the migration of HeLa cells. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental results show that IVM might be a new potential anticancer drug for therapy of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Kuikui Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical MedicineShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Vegetable Technical Extension Station Qingpu District ShanghaiShanghaiChina
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
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Girisa S, Shabnam B, Monisha J, Fan L, Halim CE, Arfuso F, Ahn KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential of Zerumbone as an Anti-Cancer Agent. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040734. [PMID: 30781671 PMCID: PMC6413012 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still a major risk factor to public health globally, causing approximately 9.8 million deaths worldwide in 2018. Despite advances in conventional treatment modalities for cancer treatment, there are still few effective therapies available due to the lack of selectivity, adverse side effects, non-specific toxicities, and tumour recurrence. Therefore, there is an immediate need for essential alternative therapeutics, which can prove to be beneficial and safe against cancer. Various phytochemicals from natural sources have been found to exhibit beneficial medicinal properties against various human diseases. Zerumbone is one such compound isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith that possesses diverse pharmacological properties including those of antioxidant, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, as well as anti-neoplastic. Zerumbone has shown its anti-cancer effects by causing significant suppression of proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through the molecular modulation of different pathways such as NF-κB, Akt, and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 (interleukin-6/janus kinase-2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and their downstream target proteins. The current review briefly summarizes the modes of action and therapeutic potential of zerumbone against various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Bano Shabnam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Javadi Monisha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Lu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Clarissa Esmeralda Halim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Singh YP, Girisa S, Banik K, Ghosh S, Swathi P, Deka M, Padmavathi G, Kotoky J, Sethi G, Fan L, Mao X, Halim CE, Arfuso F, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential application of zerumbone in the prevention and therapy of chronic human diseases. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Ashraf SM, Sebastian J, Rathinasamy K. Zerumbone, a cyclic sesquiterpene, exerts antimitotic activity in HeLa cells through tubulin binding and exhibits synergistic activity with vinblastine and paclitaxel. Cell Prolif 2018; 52:e12558. [PMID: 30525278 PMCID: PMC6496756 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to elucidate the antimitotic mechanism of zerumbone and to investigate its effect on the HeLa cells in combination with other mitotic blockers. Materials and methods HeLa cells and fluorescence microscopy were used to analyse the effect of zerumbone on cancer cell lines. Cellular internalization of zerumbone was investigated using FITC‐labelled zerumbone. The interaction of zerumbone with tubulin was characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy. The Chou and Talalay equation was used to calculate the combination index. Results Zerumbone selectively inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells with an IC50 of 14.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L through enhanced cellular uptake compared to the normal cell line L929. It induced a strong mitotic block with cells exhibiting bipolar spindles at the IC50 and monopolar spindles at 30 μmol/L. Docking analysis indicated that tubulin is the principal target of zerumbone. In vitro studies indicated that it bound to goat brain tubulin with a Kd of 4 μmol/L and disrupted the assembly of tubulin into microtubules. Zerumbone and colchicine had partially overlapping binding site on tubulin. Zerumbone synergistically enhanced the anti‐proliferative activity of vinblastine and paclitaxel through augmented mitotic block. Conclusion Our data suggest that disruption of microtubule assembly dynamics is one of the mechanisms of the anti‐cancer activity of zerumbone and it can be used in combination therapy targeting cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabeeba M Ashraf
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Jomon Sebastian
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnan Rathinasamy
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Li WJ, Zhang XY, Wu RT, Song YH, Xie MY. Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide improves doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice by regulation of apoptotic pathway in mitochondria. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:581-590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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