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Jana M, Sahoo S, Kottekad S, Usharani D, Rath H. Rational and controllable syntheses of variants of modified N-confused N-fused porphodimethenes and a porphotrimethene with adaptive properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7397-7405. [PMID: 38587541 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00770k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Retrosynthetic design and synthesis with structural isolation of two unprecedented core modified N-confused N-fused porphodimethene-like porphyrinoids possessing a [5.5.5.5] tetracyclic ring with tunable photophysical properties is reported. The solid-state X-ray crystal structure reveals the expected cis geometry for the meso-sp3 carbons. Controlled chemical oxidation of the porphodimethene analogue 11 bearing the N-confused pyrrole moiety to the corresponding porphotrimethene 12 has been achieved in quantitative yield, while 10 bearing the N-methyl N-confused pyrrole moiety remained unsusceptible to chemical oxidation. All three S2N3 hybrid N-confused N-fused porphodi(tri)methene-like porphyrinoids 10-12 could recognize the fluoride anion with high selectivity; however, porphodimethene 10 and porphotrimethene 12 do so via deprotonation rather than an anion recognition based mechanism as has been anticipated in the case of porphodimethene 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Sumit Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Sanjay Kottekad
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technology Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 700020, India.
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technology Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 700020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
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Vetter G, Białońska A, Jezierska A, Panek JJ, Pacholska-Dudziak E. Heterobimetallic 21,23-dimetallaporphyrin: activation of metal-metal interactions within the porphyrinoid macrocycle. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37183796 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01367g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Two core-modified porphyrins containing metal atoms, namely platinum(II) or platinum(IV) and rhodium(III), in place of two NH units, have been obtained by a post-synthetic modification of the 21,23-ditelluraporphyrin. The products of the tellurium-to-metal exchange, 21-platina-23-rhodaporphyrins, incorporate rhodacyclopentadiene and platinacyclopentadiene units with the metal atoms facing each other. The two molecules exhibit different degrees of metal-metal interaction depending on the oxidation state of platinum, with the NBO bond order being 0.04 for platinum(IV) and 0.15 for platinum(II). Consistently, the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules analysis revealed the presence of the bond determinant, the bond critical point, in the platinum(II) species, in contrast to the platinum(IV) congener. The two porphyrinoids are interconvertible in redox reactions. They both exhibit fluxional behaviour in solution, studied by 1H NMR, involving alteration in the metal ion coordination sphere accompanied by the macrocyclic skeleton conformation change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Vetter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta Jezierska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław J Panek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Halder N, Jana M, Kottekad S, Usharani D, Rath H. Metalloceneincorporated Hybrid Singly N-Methyl N-Confused Calixphyrins: Synthesis, Characterization, Protonation and Deprotonation Studies. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200108. [PMID: 35312224 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rational design and isolation of two hitherto unknown highly stable single conformer of ferrocene incorporated meso-aryl substituted singly N-methyl N-confused-calixphyrins have been achieved in quantitative yields. The solid-state crystal structure reveals the obvious trans-geometry for the meso-protons with the possibility for both the macrocycles to exist either racemic or enantiomer forms. However, thorough solution-state spectroscopic characterization strongly concludes the experimental isolation of a single isomer for both the macrocycles. The drastic modification of UV-vis spectral patterns upon imine pyrrole N protonation and amine pyrrole NH deprotonation of both the calixphyrins could pave way for these macrocycles to act as opto-electronic materials. The conformational preorganization and protonation and deprotonation induced conformational reorganization have been extensively studied by solution state spectroscopic techniques, solid state X-ray crystal structure and in depth DFT level theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyancy Halder
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sanjay Kottekad
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory Institution, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 700020, Karnataka, India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory Institution, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 700020, Karnataka, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Thuita DW, Brückner C. Metal Complexes of Porphyrinoids Containing Nonpyrrolic Heterocycles. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7990-8052. [PMID: 35302354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of one or more pyrrolic building block(s) of a porphyrin by a nonpyrrolic heterocycle leads to the formation of so-called pyrrole-modified porphyrins (PMPs), porphyrinoids of broad structural variability. The wide range of coordination environments (type, number, charge, and architecture of the donor atoms) that the pyrrole-modified frameworks provide to the central metal ions, the frequent presence of donor atoms at their periphery, and their often observed nonplanarity or conformational flexibility distinguish the complexes of the PMPs clearly from those of the traditional square-planar, dianionic, N4-coordinating (hydro)porphyrins. Their different coordination properties suggest their utilization in areas beyond which regular metalloporphyrins are suitable. Following a general introduction to the synthetic methodologies available to generate pyrrole-modified porphyrins, their general structure, history, coordination chemistry, and optical properties, this Review highlights the chemical, electronic (optical), and structural differences of specific classes of metalloporphyrinoids containing nonpyrrolic heterocycles. The focus is on macrocycles with similar "tetrapyrrolic" architectures as porphyrins, thusly excluding the majority of expanded porphyrins. We highlight the relevance and application of these metal complexes in biological and technical fields as chemosensors, catalysts, photochemotherapeutics, or imaging agents. This Review provides an introduction to the field of metallo-PMPs as well as a comprehensive snapshot of the current state of the art of their synthesis, structures, and properties. It also aims to provide encouragement for the further study of these intriguing and structurally versatile metalloporphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Waiyigo Thuita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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Toganoh M, Furuta H. Creation from Confusion and Fusion in the Porphyrin World─The Last Three Decades of N-Confused Porphyrinoid Chemistry. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8313-8437. [PMID: 35230807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Confusion is a novel concept of isomerism in porphyrin chemistry, delivering a steady stream of new chemistry since the discovery of N-confused porphyrin, a porphyrin mutant, in 1994. These days, the number of confused porphyrinoids is increasing, and confusion and associated fusion are found in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry, materials chemistry, biological chemistry, and catalysts. In this review, the birth and growth of confused porphyrinoids in the last three decades are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Toganoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Sahoo S, Jana M, Rath H. Tailor-made aromatic porphyrinoids with NIR absorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1834-1859. [PMID: 35028653 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highlight of this article is the recent progress in the state-of-the-art synthetic design and isolation of artificial porphyrinoids by swapping pyrrole component(s) with diverse functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/carbacycle building block(s) to compare the impact on the electronic absorption spectra and aromaticity of the incorporated isomeric/expanded porphyrinoids. Attention has been directed towards five distinct criteria of utilizing functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/aromatic hydrocarbons as synthons for NIR absorbing aromatic isomeric (N-confusion)/expanded porphyrinoids (with five/six heterocycles): (i) fused or annelated pyrrole (heterocycle), (ii) functionalized bi-pyrrole/bi-thiophene/bi-furan building blocks, (iii) azulene based carbacycle building block, (iv) vinylogous aromatic carbacycle/heterocycle(s) building block and (v) N-confused pyrrole ring(s), and N-confused fused pyrrole ring(s) leading to π-extension. These hybrid porphyrinoids are ideal candidates for basic research into macrocyclic aromaticity and for many potential applications owing to NIR absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
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Rath H, Jana M, Narayanasamy R, Usharani D, Tripathi K. Fluoride ion Coordination-Induced Turn-On Fluorescence of Tailored N-Methyl N-Confused Tripyrromonomethene Analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6741-6749. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01180h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorder to achieve striking compromise between flexibility and rigidity, two unprecedented highly air-stable N-methyl N-Confused tripyrromonomethene analogues in near quantitative yields have been synthesized by chloranil oxidation under aerobic condition....
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Rath H, Halder N, Narayanasamy R, Usharani D. Chemical transformation of Doubly N-Confused Porphodimethene to variants of (anti)Aromatic Doubly N-Confused Porphyrinoids and σ aromatic Doubly N-Confused Isophlorinoid. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical conversion of non-aromatic trans-doubly N-confused porphodimethene to hitherto unknown variants of doubly N-confused porphyrinoids/isophlorinoid have been unravelled by precise interplay between the types of oxidants, the types of meso-aryl...
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Chakraborty B, Sahoo S, Narayansamy R, Usharani D, Rath H. Structural isolation of NIR absorbing ferrocenyl bridged N-confused fused expanded phlorin, N-confused porphodimethene and the π-extended corrorin isomer: synthesis and characterization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14421-14431. [PMID: 34570128 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02385c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Concise syntheses and spectroscopic, solid state X-ray crystal structure and theoretical studies of three electronically appealing new generation hitherto unknown ferrocenyl bridged N-confused heterocyclic macrocycles with (without) fusion are reported. Intriguingly, the expanded N-confused fused phlorin (1.1.1.1.1) with the built-in tripentacyclic [5.5.5] moiety exhibits tailing of the NIR absorption band beyond 1000 nm while the nonconjugated porphodimethene and a new generation π-extended isomeric corrorin analogue exhibit UV-vis absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhadeb Chakraborty
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Sumit Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Raja Narayansamy
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 700020, Karnataka, India.
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 700020, Karnataka, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR-HRDG, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
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