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Lim SH, You H, Kim MJ, Wee KR, Cho DW. Triplet Energy Transfer (EnT)-Promoted 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of N-(Trimethylsilyl)methylphthalimide with Electron-Deficient Alkynes and Alkenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:13150-13166. [PMID: 39225314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Triplet energy transfer (EnT)-promoted photochemical pathways, arisen by visible light and its photosensitizers, have gained significant attention as a complementary strategy for initiating organic transformations in photochemical reactions that are unlikely to occur through a single electron transfer (SET) process. In the present study, we investigated the triplet EnT-promoted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of N-(trimethylsilyl)methylphthalimide with electron-deficient alkynyl and alkenyl dipolarophiles. The triplet excited state of N-(trimethylsilyl)methylphthalimide, promoted by the triplet EnT from thioxanthone (TXA) photosensitizer, underwent sequential intramolecular SET and carbon-to-oxygen migration of the silyl group to form azomethine ylide. This generated ylide cycloadded to alkynes or alkenes to regioselectively and stereospecifically produce a nitrogen-containing benzopyrrolizidine scaffold with multiple stereogenic centers. Crucially, the stereoselectivity of these cycloaddition reactions (i.e., endo versus exo addition) was influenced by the nature of the dipolarophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeon You
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ryang Wee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
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Chen CL, Huang TS, Chang PH, Hsu CS. Iodide-umpolung catalytic system for non-traditional amide coupling from nitroalkanes and amines. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2780-2790. [PMID: 38498332 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
An N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) catalyst was developed for use in the non-traditional synthesis of amide derivatives from nitroalkanes and amines. In contrast to traditional oxidative catalysis, this catalytic system involves reversing the polarities of two catalytic components (umpolung) by means of a hypervalent iodine reagent. A variety of functional groups were tolerated in the reaction, suggesting that they have the potential for use in other types of oxidative catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Tian-Sih Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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Kumar R, Banerjee N, Kumar P, Banerjee P. Electrochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of Three-Membered Strained Carbo- and Heterocycles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301594. [PMID: 37436418 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic ring structures are versatile synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis with biological importance. Moreover, the inherent strain of these three-membered rings leads to their ring-opening functionalization through C->C, C->N, and C-O bond cleavage. Traditional synthesis and ring-opening methods for these molecules require the use of acid catalysts or transition metals. Recently, electro-organic synthesis has emerged as a powerful tool for initiating new chemical transformations. In this review, the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of electro-mediated synthesis and ring-opening functionalization of three-membered carbo- and heterocycles are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Nakshatra Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
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Rein J, Rozema SD, Langner OC, Zacate SB, Hardy MA, Siu JC, Mercado BQ, Sigman MS, Miller SJ, Lin S. Generality-oriented optimization of enantioselective aminoxyl radical catalysis. Science 2023; 380:706-712. [PMID: 37200427 PMCID: PMC10277815 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf6177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective methods that are generally applicable to a broad range of substrates are rare. We report a strategy for the oxidative desymmetrization of meso-diols predicated on a nontraditional catalyst optimization protocol by using a panel of screening substrates rather than a singular model substrate. Critical to this approach was rational modulation of a peptide sequence in the catalyst incorporating a distinct aminoxyl-based active residue. A general catalyst emerged, providing high selectivity in the delivery of enantioenriched lactones across a broad range of diols, while also achieving up to ~100,000 turnovers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Rein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - S. D. Rozema
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - O. C. Langner
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - S. B. Zacate
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M. A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - J. C. Siu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - B. Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M. S. Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - S. J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - S. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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5
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Rkein B, Manneveau M, Gérard H, Legros J, Chataigner I. 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Cyanoheteroarenes with non‐stabilized Azomethine Ylides : C≡N
vs
Aromatic C=C Reactivity. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Rkein
- Normandie Université UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSA Rouen, COBRA laboratory F-76000 Rouen France
| | - Maxime Manneveau
- Normandie Université UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSA Rouen, COBRA laboratory F-76000 Rouen France
| | - Hélène Gérard
- CNRS Sorbonne Université LCT UMR 7616 F-75005 Paris France
| | - Julien Legros
- Normandie Université UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSA Rouen, COBRA laboratory F-76000 Rouen France
| | - Isabelle Chataigner
- Normandie Université UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSA Rouen, COBRA laboratory F-76000 Rouen France
- CNRS Sorbonne Université LCT UMR 7616 F-75005 Paris France
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Saha D, Taily IM, Banerjee N, Banerjee P. Electricity mediated [3+2]-cycloaddition of N-sulfonylcyclopropanes with olefins via N-centered radical intermediates: access to cyclopentane analogs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5459-5462. [PMID: 35352071 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00761d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An external oxidant free electrochemical strategy is designed towards the β-scission of strained C-C bonds in cyclopropylamine. Moreover, the mechanistic studies ascertained that the methodology encompasses the N-center radical (NCRs) route and provides access to di- or tri-substituted cyclopentane analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Saha
- Lab no. 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Irshad Maajid Taily
- Lab no. 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Nakshatra Banerjee
- Lab no. 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Lab no. 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
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