1
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Wang C, Zhou Q, Liang KJ, Bo XX, Ding YH, Shao LX. Double Direct C-H Bond Arylation of Thiophenes with Aryl Chlorides Catalyzed by the N-Heterocyclic Carbene-PdCl 2-1-methylimidazole Complex. J Org Chem 2024; 89:12533-12539. [PMID: 39166869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
With the combination of the N-heterocyclic carbene-PdCl2-1-methylimidazole complex and Cu2O, we succeeded in the first example of double direct C-H bond arylation reactions between thiophenes and aryl chlorides, giving the desired 2,5-diarylated thiophenes in moderate to high yields under suitable conditions, consistent with the density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jiang Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xu Bo
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, No. 1000 Liuhongqiao Road, Wenzhou 325006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hong Ding
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zhao Z, Gao A, Wang Z, Liu Z, Xiong W, Xu Y, Meng L, Dang D. Recent advances of organic emitters in deep-red light-emitting electrochemical cells. LUMINESCENCE 2023. [PMID: 38111323 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are kind of easily fabricated and low-cost light-emitting devices that can efficiently convert electric power to light energy. Compared with blue and green LECs, the performance of deep-red LECs is limited by the high non-radiative rate of emitters in long-wavelength region. While various organic emitters with deep-red emission have been developed to construct high-performance LECs, including polymers, metal complexes, and organic luminous molecules (OLMs), but this is seldom summarized. Therefore, we overview the recent advances of organic emitters with emission at the deep-red region for LECs, and specifically highlight the molecular design approach and electrochemiluminescence performance. We hope that this review can act as a reference for further research in designing high-performance deep-red LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Anran Gao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhicheng Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Xiong
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanzi Xu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingjie Meng
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongfeng Dang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
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3
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Comparative study of the optoelectronic properties of diketopyrrolopyrrole based polymers obtained by direct C-H arylation. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Cravcenco A, Yu Y, Edhborg F, Goebel JF, Takacs Z, Yang Y, Albinsson B, Börjesson K. Exciton Delocalization Counteracts the Energy Gap: A New Pathway toward NIR-Emissive Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19232-19239. [PMID: 34748317 PMCID: PMC8603381 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Exciton coupling between the transition dipole moments of ordered dyes in supramolecular assemblies, so-called J/H-aggregates, leads to shifted electronic transitions. This can lower the excited state energy, allowing for emission well into the near-infrared regime. However, as we show here, it is not only the excited state energy modifications that J-aggregates can provide. A bay-alkylated quaterrylene was synthesized, which was found to form J-aggregates in 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. A combination of superradiance and a decreased nonradiative relaxation rate made the J-aggregate four times more emissive than the monomeric counterpart. A reduced nonradiative relaxation rate is a nonintuitive consequence following the 180 nm (3300 cm-1) red-shift of the J-aggregate in comparison to the monomeric absorption. However, the energy gap law, which is commonly invoked to rationalize increased nonradiative relaxation rates with increasing emission wavelength, also contains a reorganization energy term. The reorganization energy is highly suppressed in J-aggregates due to exciton delocalization, and the framework of the energy gap law could therefore reproduce our experimental observations. J-Aggregates can thus circumvent the common belief that lowering the excited state energies results in large nonradiative relaxation rates and are thus a pathway toward highly emissive organic dyes in the NIR regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Cravcenco
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edhborg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas F Goebel
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zoltan Takacs
- Swedish NMR Centre, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 5C, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yizhou Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Albinsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Yzeiri X, Calamante M, Dessì A, Franchi D, Pucci A, Ventura F, Reginato G, Zani L, Mordini A. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Thienopyrazine-Based Fluorophores for Application in Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSCs). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185428. [PMID: 34576899 PMCID: PMC8468226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic fluorophores have found broad application as emitters in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) for silicon photovoltaics. In particular, the preparation of organic conjugated systems with intense light-harvesting ability, emissions in the deep-red and NIR regions, and large Stokes shift values represent a very challenging undertaking. Here, we report a simple and easy way to prepare three symmetrical donor–acceptor–donor (DAD) organic-emitting materials based on a thienopyrazine core. The central core in the three dyes was modified with the introduction of aromatic substituents, aiming to affect their optical properties. The fluorophores were characterized by spectroscopic studies. In all cases, visible-NIR emissions with large Stokes shifts were found, highlighting these molecules as promising materials for the application in LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xheila Yzeiri
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (X.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Massimo Calamante
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (X.Y.); (A.M.)
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Alessio Dessì
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Daniele Franchi
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesco Ventura
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.V.)
| | - Gianna Reginato
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Mordini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (X.Y.); (A.M.)
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.F.); (L.Z.)
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6
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Bastide M, Frath D, Gam‐Derouich S, Lacroix J. Electrochemical and Plasmon‐induced Grafting of n‐Dopable π‐Conjugated Oligomers. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bastide
- Université de Paris ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086 15 rue J.-A. de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Denis Frath
- Université de Paris ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086 15 rue J.-A. de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Sarra Gam‐Derouich
- Université de Paris ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086 15 rue J.-A. de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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7
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Panja SK. Dipolar state assisted aggregation induced optical behavior of push-pull Salen-type Schiff base (BIHyDE) in solution. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Goti G, Calamante M, Coppola C, Dessì A, Franchi D, Mordini A, Sinicropi A, Zani L, Reginato G. Donor‐Acceptor‐Donor Thienopyrazine‐Based Dyes as NIR‐Emitting AIEgens. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Goti
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Massimo Calamante
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Carmen Coppola
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
- Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI) Via della Lastruccia 3 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Italy
| | - Alessio Dessì
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Daniele Franchi
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Alessandro Mordini
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” University of Florence Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
- Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI) Via della Lastruccia 3 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Gianna Reginato
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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9
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Zou H, Wei Z, Song C, Ran J, Cao Z, Tang C, Zhang G, Cai Y, Lu M, Han W. Novel NIR-II semiconducting molecule incorporating sorafenib for imaging guided synergetic cancer phototherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3235-3248. [PMID: 33885627 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00209k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor tissues are not only independent of cancer cells, but also tumor blood vessels. Thus, targeting the tumor blood vessels is as important as targeting the tumor for cancer treatment. Herein, an organic semiconducting molecule named T8IC is developed for the potential phototeranostics in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm). The T8IC molecule with an electronic-rich core and electron-deficient side edge shows a typical semiconducting structure, which makes the bandgap narrow. With the addition of anti-angiogenic agent sorafenib into T8IC, TS nanoparticles (NPs) were formed by nanoprecipitation with synergetic anti-angiogenic and phototheranostic effects. Compared to the molecular state, the J-aggregative TS NPs were formed with great bathochromic-shifts in both the absorption spectrum (maximum increased from 755 nm to 826 nm) and the emission spectrum (maximum increased from 840 nm to 1030 nm), which endow them with the ideal deep tumor NIR-II fluorescence imaging ability. Besides, TS NPs present both high photothermal conversion efficiency (∼32.47%) and good ROS generation ability, making them possess excellent cancer phototherapy capability. Guided by NIR-II fluorescence imaging, the tumor blood vessels can be cut off via sorafenib and cancer cells can be killed via T8IC simultaneously, making TS NPs show promising potential for the synergistic therapeutic effect in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Murad AR, Iraqi A, Aziz SB, Abdullah SN, Brza MA, Saeed SR, Abdulwahid RT. Fabrication of Alternating Copolymers Based on Cyclopentadithiophene-Benzothiadiazole Dicarboxylic Imide with Reduced Optical Band Gap: Synthesis, Optical, Electrochemical, Thermal, and Structural Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E63. [PMID: 33375228 PMCID: PMC7795047 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of alternating copolymers containing cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) flanked by thienyl moieties as electron-donor units and benzothiadiazole dicarboxylic imide (BTDI) as electron-acceptor units were designed and synthesized for solar cell applications. Different solubilizing side chains, including 2-ethylhexyl chains and n-octyl chains were attached to CPDT units, whereas 3,7-dimethyloctyl chains and n-octyl chains were anchored to the BTDI moieties. The impact of these substituents on the solubilities, molecular weights, optical and electrochemical properties, and thermal and structural properties of the resulting polymers was investigated. PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO was synthesized via Suzuki polymerization, whereas PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO, and PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, 8 were prepared through direct arylation polymerization. PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO has the highest number average molecular weight (Mn = 17,400 g mol-1) among all polymers prepared. The PCPDTDTBTDI-8, DMO and PCPDTDTBTDI-8, 8 which have n-octyl substituents on their CPDT units have comparable optical band gaps (Eg ~ 1.3 eV), which are around 0.1 eV lower than PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO analogues that have 2-ethylhexyl substituents on their CPDT units. The polymers have their HOMO levels between -5.10 and -5.22 eV with PCPDTDTBTDI-EH, DMO having the deepest highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of the polymers are between -3.4 and -3.5 eV. All polymers exhibit good thermal stability with decomposition temperatures surpassing 350 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have shown that all polymers have the amorphous nature in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary R. Murad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal 46023, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq;
| | - Mohamad A. Brza
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia
| | - Salah R. Saeed
- Charmo Research Center, Charmo University, Chamchamal 46023, Iraq;
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
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11
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Murad AR, Iraqi A, Aziz SB, Almeataq MS, Abdullah SN, Brza MA. Characteristics of Low Band Gap Copolymers Containing Anthracene-Benzothiadiazole Dicarboxylic Imide: Synthesis, Optical, Electrochemical, Thermal and Structural Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E62. [PMID: 33375767 PMCID: PMC7795893 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel low band gap donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers, poly[9,10-bis(4-(dodecyloxy)phenyl)-2,6-anthracene-alt-5,5-(4',7'-bis(2-thienyl)-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole-N-5,6-(3,7-dimethyloctyl)dicarboxylic imide)] (PPADTBTDI-DMO) and poly[9,10-bis(4-(dodecyloxy)phenyl)-2,6-anthracene-alt-5,5-(4',7'-bis(2-thienyl)-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole-5,6-N-octyl-dicarboxylic imide)] (PPADTBTDI-8) were synthesized in the present work by copolymerising the bis-boronate ester of 9,10-phenylsubstituted anthracene flanked by thienyl groups as electron-donor units with benzothiadiazole dicarboxylic imide (BTDI) as electron-acceptor units. Both polymers were synthesized in good yields via Suzuki polymerisation. Two different solubilizing alkyl chains were anchored to the BTDI units in order to investigate the impact upon their solubilities, molecular weights, optical and electrochemical properties, structural properties and thermal stability of the resulting polymers. Both polymers have comparable molecular weights and have a low optical band gap (Eg) of 1.66 eV. The polymers have low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of about -5.5 eV as well as the similar lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of -3.56 eV. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of PPADTBTDI-DMO and PPADTBTDI-8 did not prove instability with decomposition temperatures at 354 and 313 °C, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have shown that both polymers have an amorphous nature in the solid state, which could be used as electrolytes in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary R. Murad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal 46023, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | | | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq;
| | - Mohamad A. Brza
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
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12
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R. Murad A, Iraqi A, Aziz SB, Hi H, N. Abdullah S, Brza MA, Abdulwahid RT. Influence of Fluorine Substitution on the Optical, Thermal, Electrochemical and Structural Properties of Carbazole-Benzothiadiazole Dicarboxylic Imide Alternate Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2910. [PMID: 33291677 PMCID: PMC7761964 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work four novel donor-acceptor copolymers, PCDTBTDI-DMO, PCDTBTDI-8, P2F-CDTBTDI-DMO and P2F-CDTBTDI-8, were designed and synthesised via Suzuki polymerisation. The first two copolymers consist of 2,7-carbazole flanked by thienyl moieties as the electron donor unit and benzothiadiazole dicarboxylic imide (BTDI) as electron acceptor units. In the structures of P2F-CDTBTDI-DMO and P2F-CDTBTDI-8 copolymers, two fluorine atoms were incorporated at 3,6-positions of 2,7-carbazole to investigate the impact of fluorine upon the optoelectronic, structural and thermal properties of the resulting polymers. P2F-CDTBTDI-8 possesses the highest number average molecular weight (Mn = 24,200 g mol-1) among all the polymers synthesised. PCDTBTDI-DMO and PCDTBTDI-8 show identical optical band gaps of 1.76 eV. However, the optical band gaps of fluorinated copolymers are slightly higher than non-fluorinated counterparts. All polymers have deep-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels. Changing the alkyl chain substituents on BTDI moieties from linear n-octyl to branched 3,7-dimethyloctyl groups as well as substituting the two hydrogen atoms at 3,6-positions of carbazole unit by fluorine atoms has negligible impact on the HOMO levels of the polymers. Similarly, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are almost comparable for all polymers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has shown that all polymers have good thermal stability and also confirmed that the fluorinated copolymers have higher thermal stability relative to those non-fluorinated analogues. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies proved that all polymers have an amorphous nature in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ary R. Murad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimani 46023, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK; (A.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Civil engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Hunan Hi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK; (A.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq;
| | - M. A. Brza
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq; (M.A.B.); (R.T.A.)
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Old Campus, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
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13
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Li XC, Xue Y, Song W, Yan Y, Min J, Liu F, Liu X, Lai WY, Huang W. Highly Regioselective Direct C-H Arylation: Facile Construction of Symmetrical Dithienophthalimide-Based π-Conjugated Molecules for Optoelectronics. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:9075697. [PMID: 33015637 PMCID: PMC7510346 DOI: 10.34133/2020/9075697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Controllable direct C-H arylation with high regioselectivity is highly desirable yet remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a facile regioselective direct C-H arylation is developed for efficient construction of a variety of symmetrical dithienophthalimide-based π-conjugated molecules. The resulting methodology is applicable to a wide range of substrates, from electron-rich units to electron-deficient units with large steric end groups. Aryl halides have been confirmed to be able to couple with dithienophthalimide (DTI) via direct C-H arylation, showing high regioselectivity. Varying the functional end groups onto the DTI core has been demonstrated to fine tune the emission colors to cover most of the visible spectra. The results suggest a facile strategy towards highly selective direct C-H arylation, opening the prospects towards efficient construction of π-conjugated molecules for various potential optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Chun Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yibo Xue
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wan Song
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Min
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lai
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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14
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Cheminet N, Nogueira SL, Benaqqa O, El Malki Z, Bourass M, Cassegrain S, Hamidi M, Bouachrine M, Sotiropoulos JM, Miqueu K, Jarrosson T, Niebel C, Lère-Porte JP, Serein-Spirau F. Elaboration of low-band-gap π-conjugated systems based on thieno[3,4- b]pyrazines. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In order to understand the electronic contribution of the thienopyrazine building block on the electronic properties of π-conjugated systems, small molecules containing thiophene and thienopyrazine moieties are synthesized and jointly studied by theoretical (DFT) and experimental methods (UV-Vis, UPS). Taking advantages of these preliminar attractive results, four low band gap extended structures have been elaborated on the base of Donor-Acceptor-Donor sequences (DAD); these elongated π-conjugated molecules exhibit noticeable electronic and absorption properties spreading from the near UV to NIR regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Cheminet
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Sandra L. Nogueira
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Oumayma Benaqqa
- Faculté des sciences et techniques , BP 8509, Boutalamine , Errachidia , Morocco
| | - Zakaria El Malki
- Faculté des sciences et techniques , BP 8509, Boutalamine , Errachidia , Morocco
| | | | - Simon Cassegrain
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Mohammed Hamidi
- Faculté des sciences et techniques , BP 8509, Boutalamine , Errachidia , Morocco
| | | | - Jean Marc Sotiropoulos
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, UMR5254 – IPREM, Equipe Chimie-Physique , Hélioparc, Pau , France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, UMR5254 – IPREM, Equipe Chimie-Physique , Hélioparc, Pau , France
| | - Thibaut Jarrosson
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Claude Niebel
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lère-Porte
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
| | - Françoise Serein-Spirau
- Institut Charles-Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5253, Architectures Moléculaires et Matériaux Nanostructurés, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier , Cedex 5 , France
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15
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Raikwar MM, Mohbiya DR, Sekar N. N‐Ethyl Carbazole Derived D‐π‐A‐π‐D Based Fluorophores: Consolidated Spectroscopic, Viscosity and DFT Studies. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manish M. Raikwar
- Department of Dyestuff TechnologyInstitute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Dhanraj R. Mohbiya
- Department of Dyestuff TechnologyInstitute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Department of Dyestuff TechnologyInstitute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
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16
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Canola S, Mardegan L, Bergamini G, Villa M, Acocella A, Zangoli M, Ravotto L, Vinogradov SA, Di Maria F, Ceroni P, Negri F. One- and two-photon absorption properties of quadrupolar thiophene-based dyes with acceptors of varying strengths. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2180-2190. [PMID: 30816403 PMCID: PMC6713623 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00006b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The one-photon (1P) and two-photon (2P) absorption properties of three quadrupolar dyes, featuring thiophene as a donor and acceptors of varying strengths, are determined by a combination of experimental and computational methods employing the density functional theory (DFT). The emission shifts in different solvents are well reproduced by time-dependent DFT calculations with the linear response and state specific approaches in the framework of the polarizable continuum model. The calculations show that the energies of both 1P- and 2P-active states decrease with an increase of the strength of the acceptor. The 2P absorption cross-sections predicted by the response theory are accounted for by considering just one intermediate state (S1) in the sum-over-states formulation. For the chromophore featuring the stronger acceptor, the energetic positions of the 1P- and 2P-active states prevent the exploitation of the theoretically predicted very high 2P activity due to the competing 1P absorption into the S1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Canola
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy. and INSTM, UdR Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mardegan
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Villa
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Angela Acocella
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mattia Zangoli
- MEDITEKNOLOGY srl, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Ravotto
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Francesca Di Maria
- CNR-NANOTEC - Instituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica 'G. Ciamician', Via F. Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy. and INSTM, UdR Bologna, Italy
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17
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Pérez-Caaveiro C, Oliva MM, López Navarrete JT, Pérez Sestelo J, Martínez MM, Sarandeses LA. Synthesis of D–A–A and D–A–D Pyrimidine π-Systems Using Triorganoindium Reagents: Optical, Vibrational, and Electrochemical Studies. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8870-8885. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pérez-Caaveiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Universidade da Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Moreno Oliva
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - José Pérez Sestelo
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Universidade da Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - M. Montserrat Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Universidade da Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis A. Sarandeses
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Universidade da Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
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18
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Raikwar MM, Mathew E, Varghese M, Joe IH, Nethi SN. NLOphoric Triphenylamine Derived Donor-π-Acceptor-π-Donor Based Colorants: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Density Functional Theory and Z-scan Studies. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:931-945. [PMID: 30689210 DOI: 10.1111/php.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Three Donor-π-Acceptor-π-Donor type styryl dyes (5a-c) with different secondary donors are synthesized and characterized to study their nonlinear and linear optical properties. The structure-property relationships of the dyes are described in the light of systematic photophysical and theoretical investigations. The photophysical characteristics of 5a-c are influenced by the polarity of the medium, with an appreciable bathochromic shift in emission (5b = 81 nm) and large Stoke shifts (5b = 104-173 nm) in polar solvents. 5a-c showed intramolecular charge transfer characteristics recognized with the help of emission solvatochromism, solvent polarity graphs, natural bond orbital analysis and HOMO-LUMO energy difference. The optimized geometry and frontier molecular orbitals reveal that the electron donation takes place from secondary donors and not from a fixed donor (triphenylamine) which is more twisted. The nonlinear optical properties obtained using solvent induced spectral shift and computational methods are found within the limiting values. Z-scan results reveal saturable kind of behavior for 5a, 5b and 5c, whereas 5a and 5b show reverse saturable kind of behavior in acetone and ethanol and hence give optical limiting values. The two-photon absorption cross section described by two-level approximation is highest for 5b (251-300 GM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish M Raikwar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (Formerly UDCT), Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, India
| | - Elizabeth Mathew
- Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Department of Physics, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Manu Varghese
- Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Department of Physics, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Issac H Joe
- Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Department of Physics, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sekar Nagaiyan Nethi
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (Formerly UDCT), Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, India
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19
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Gayton J, Autry SA, Meador W, Parkin SR, Hill GA, Hammer NI, Delcamp JH. Indolizine-Cyanine Dyes: Near Infrared Emissive Cyanine Dyes with Increased Stokes Shifts. J Org Chem 2018; 84:687-697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Gayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Shane A. Autry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - William Meador
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Sean R. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Glake Alton Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, United States
| | - Nathan I. Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jared H. Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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20
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Gayton JN, Autry S, Fortenberry RC, Hammer NI, Delcamp JH. Counter Anion Effect on the Photophysical Properties of Emissive Indolizine-Cyanine Dyes in Solution and Solid State. Molecules 2018; 23:E3051. [PMID: 30469460 PMCID: PMC6321477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared emissive materials with tunable Stokes shifts and solid-state emissions are needed for several active research areas and applications. To aid in addressing this need, a series of indolizine-cyanine compounds varying only the anions based on size, dipole, and hydrophilicity were prepared. The effect of the non-covalently bound anions on the absorption and emission properties of identical π-system indolizine-cyanine compounds were measured in solution and as thin films. Interestingly, the anion choice has a significant influence on the Stokes shift and molar absorptivities of the dyes in solution. In the solid-state, the anion choice was found to have an effect on the formation of aggregate states with higher energy absorptions than the parent monomer compound. The dyes were found to be emissive in the NIR region, with emissions peaking at near 900 nm for specific solvent and anion selections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline N Gayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Shane Autry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Ryan C Fortenberry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Nathan I Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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21
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Joseph V, Justin Thomas KR, Yang WY, Kumar Yadav RA, Kumar Dubey D, Jou JH. Tetra-substituted Dipolar Carbazoles: Tuning Optical and Electroluminescence Properties by Linkage Variation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vellaichamy Joseph
- Organic Materials Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
| | - K. R. Justin Thomas
- Organic Materials Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee 247 667 India
| | - Wan Yun Yang
- Department of Materials science and engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Rohit Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Materials science and engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Deepak Kumar Dubey
- Department of Materials science and engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Jwo-Huei Jou
- Department of Materials science and engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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22
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Zhang J, Kang LJ, Parker TC, Blakey SB, Luscombe CK, Marder SR. Recent Developments in C-H Activation for Materials Science in the Center for Selective C-H Activation. Molecules 2018; 23:E922. [PMID: 29659537 PMCID: PMC6017541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Organic electronics is a rapidly growing field driven in large part by the synthesis of ∏-conjugated molecules and polymers. Traditional aryl cross-coupling reactions such as the Stille and Suzuki have been used extensively in the synthesis of ∏-conjugated molecules and polymers, but the synthesis of intermediates necessary for traditional cross-couplings can include multiple steps with toxic and hazardous reagents. Direct arylation through C-H bond activation has the potential to reduce the number of steps and hazards while being more atom-economical. Within the Center for Selective C-H Functionalization (CCHF), we have been developing C-H activation methodology for the synthesis of ∏-conjugated materials of interest, including direct arylation of difficult-to-functionalize electron acceptor intermediates and living polymerization of ∏-conjugated polymers through C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Lauren J Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Timothy C Parker
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Simon B Blakey
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Christine K Luscombe
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Seth R Marder
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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23
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The First Catalytic Direct C–H Arylation on C2 and C3 of Thiophene Ring Applied to Thieno-Pyridines, -Pyrimidines and -Pyrazines. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8040137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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24
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Triarylamines with branched multi-pyridine groups: modulation of emission properties by structural variation, solvents, and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Cheema H, Peddapuram A, Adams RE, McNamara L, Hunt LA, Le N, Watkins DL, Hammer NI, Schmehl RH, Delcamp JH. Molecular Engineering of Near Infrared Absorbing Thienopyrazine Double Donor Double Acceptor Organic Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12038-12049. [PMID: 29023117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The thienopyrazine (TPz) building block allows for NIR photon absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) when used as a π-bridge. We synthesized and characterized 7 organic sensitizers employing thienopyrazine (TPz) as a π-bridge in a double donor, double acceptor organic dye design. Donor groups are varied based on electron donating strength and sterics at the donor-π bridge bond with the acceptor groups varied as either carboxylic acids or benzoic acids on the π-bridge. This dye design was found to be remarkably tunable with solution absorption onsets ranging from 750 to near 1000 nm. Interestingly, the solution absorption measurements do not accurately approximate the dye absorption on TiO2 films with up to a 250 nm blue-shift of the dye absorption onset on TiO2. This shift in absorption and the effect on electron transfer properties is investigated via computational analysis, time-correlated single photon counting studies, and transient absorption spectroscopy. Structure-performance relationships were analyzed for the dyes in DSC devices with the highest performance observed at 17.6 mA/cm2 of photocurrent and 7.5% PCE for a cosensitized device with a panchromatic IPCE onset of 800 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Cheema
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Adithya Peddapuram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Rebecca E Adams
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Louis McNamara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Leigh Anna Hunt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ngoc Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Davita L Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Nathan I Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Russell H Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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26
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Gautam P, Yu CP, Zhang G, Hillier VE, Chan JMW. Pulling with the Pentafluorosulfanyl Acceptor in Push–Pull Dyes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11008-11020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Gautam
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Craig P. Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Guoxian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Victoria E. Hillier
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Julian M. W. Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt. Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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27
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Wang CZ, Ichiyanagi H, Sakaguchi K, Feng X, Elsegood MR, Redshaw C, Yamato T. Pyrene-Based Approach to Tune Emission Color from Blue to Yellow. J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Zeng Wang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ichiyanagi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Koya Sakaguchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Xing Feng
- School
of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, 1 Xinghua Avenue (Band Two), Daxing, Beijing 102600, P. R. China
| | - Mark R.J. Elsegood
- Chemistry
Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Carl Redshaw
- School
of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, The University of Hull, Cottingham
Road, Hull, Yorkshire HU6
7RX, U.K
| | - Takehiko Yamato
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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28
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Liyanage NP, Cheema H, Baumann AR, Zylstra AR, Delcamp JH. Effect of Donor Strength and Bulk on Thieno[3,4-b]-pyrazine-Based Panchromatic Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2635-2641. [PMID: 28444717 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared-absorbing organic dyes are critically needed in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TPz) based dyes can access the NIR spectral region and show power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 8.1 % with sunlight being converted at wavelengths up to 800 nm for 17.6 mA cm-2 of photocurrent in a co-sensitized DSC device. Precisely controlling dye excited-state energies is critical for good performances in NIR DSCs. Strategies to control TPz dye energetics with stronger donor groups and TPz substituent choice are evaluated here. Additionally, donor size influence versus dye loading on TPz dyes is analyzed with respect to the TiO2 surface protection designed to prevent recombination of electrons in TiO2 with the redox shuttle. Importantly, the dyes evaluated were demonstrated to work well with low Li+ concentration electrolytes, with iodine and cobalt redox shuttle systems, and efficiently as part of co-sensitized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalaka P Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Hammad Cheema
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Alexandra R Baumann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Alexa R Zylstra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
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29
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Zhang Y, Autry SA, McNamara LE, Nguyen ST, Le N, Brogdon P, Watkins DL, Hammer NI, Delcamp JH. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Thienothiadiazole Dyes with Large Stokes Shifts and High Photostability. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5597-5606. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Shane A. Autry
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Louis E. McNamara
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Suong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ngoc Le
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Phillip Brogdon
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Davita L. Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Nathan I. Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jared H. Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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30
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de Moliner F, Kielland N, Lavilla R, Vendrell M. Modern Synthetic Avenues for the Preparation of Functional Fluorophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3758-3769. [PMID: 27907246 PMCID: PMC5396271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical research relies on the fast and accurate profiling of specific biomolecules and cells in a non‐invasive manner. Functional fluorophores are powerful tools for such studies. As these sophisticated structures are often difficult to access through conventional synthetic strategies, new chemical processes have been developed in the past few years. In this Minireview, we describe the most recent advances in the design, preparation, and fine‐tuning of fluorophores by means of multicomponent reactions, C−H activation processes, cycloadditions, and biomolecule‐based chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio de Moliner
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Nicola Kielland
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Marc Vendrell
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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31
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de Moliner F, Kielland N, Lavilla R, Vendrell M. Moderne Strategien zur Synthese funktioneller Fluorophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio de Moliner
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research; The University of Edinburgh; 47 Little France Crescent Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Großbritannien
| | - Nicola Kielland
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine; Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
| | - Marc Vendrell
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research; The University of Edinburgh; 47 Little France Crescent Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Großbritannien
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32
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Grolleau J, Gohier F, Cabanetos C, Allain M, Legoupy S, Frère P. Syntheses via a direct arylation method of push-pull molecules based on triphenylamine and 3-cyano-4-hexyloxythiophene moieties. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10516-10522. [PMID: 27766343 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic access to new push-pull molecules based on 3-cyano-4-hexyloxythiophene and triphenylamine moieties is presented herein using a clean methodology. The key step involves a direct heteroarylation coupling reaction in the presence of a homogeneous or heterogeneous [Pd] catalyst followed by Knoevenagel condensation performed in ethanol as a solvent. Structure-electronic property relationships of the new molecular materials are discussed and then their use as donors in bilayer planar heterojunction solar cells is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Grolleau
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
| | - Frédéric Gohier
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
| | - Clément Cabanetos
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
| | - Magali Allain
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
| | - Stéphanie Legoupy
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
| | - Pierre Frère
- University of Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex, France.
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33
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Huckaba AJ, Yella A, McNamara LE, Steen AE, Murphy JS, Carpenter CA, Puneky GD, Hammer NI, Nazeeruddin MK, Grätzel M, Delcamp JH. Molecular Design Principles for Near-Infrared Absorbing and Emitting Indolizine Dyes. Chemistry 2016; 22:15536-15542. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aron J. Huckaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; School of Basic Sciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Aswani Yella
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; School of Basic Sciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Metallurgical Engineerging and Materials Science; Indian Institute of Technology; Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400-076 India
| | - Louis E. McNamara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - April E. Steen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - J. Scott Murphy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - Casey A. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - George D. Puneky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - Nathan I. Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; School of Basic Sciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; School of Basic Sciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jared H. Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Mississippi, MS; 38677 USA
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34
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Crossley DL, Vitorica-Yrezabal I, Humphries MJ, Turner ML, Ingleson MJ. Highly Emissive Far Red/Near-IR Fluorophores Based on Borylated Fluorene-Benzothiadiazole Donor-Acceptor Materials. Chemistry 2016; 22:12439-48. [PMID: 27460768 PMCID: PMC6680280 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stille, Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions of bromine-functionalised borylated precursors enable the facile, high yielding, synthesis of borylated donor-acceptor materials that contain electron-rich aromatic units and/or extended effective conjugation lengths. These materials have large Stokes shifts, low LUMO energies, small band-gaps and significant fluorescence emission >700 nm in solution and when dispersed in a host polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Crossley
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Martin J Humphries
- Cambridge Display Technology Ltd. (Company Number 02672530) Unit 12, Cardinal Park, Cardinal Way, Godmanchester, PE29 2XG, UK
| | - Michael L Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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35
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Satou M, Nakamura T, Aramaki Y, Okazaki S, Murata M, Wakamiya A, Murata Y. Near-infrared Emissive Donor–Acceptor-type Molecules Containing Thiazole-fused Benzothiadiazole as an Electron-acceptor Moiety. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Guan L, Li A, Song Y, Yan M, Gao D, Zhang X, Li B, Wang L. Nonplanar Monocyanines: Meso-Substituted Thiazole Orange with High Photostability and Their Synthetic Strategy as well as a Cell Association Study. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6303-13. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Guan
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anyang Li
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Song
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Yan
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianghan Zhang
- School
of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Key
Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China,
Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanying Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Kundu R, Kulshreshtha C. C-N cross coupling approach synthesis and electronic properties of donor-acceptor oligomer. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajen Kundu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Colorado; Boulder 80303 USA
| | - Chandramouli Kulshreshtha
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology; Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
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38
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Liyanage NP, Yella A, Nazeeruddin M, Grätzel M, Delcamp JH. Thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine as an Electron Deficient π-Bridge in D-A-π-A DSCs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5376-5384. [PMID: 26866909 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TPz) is examined as an electron deficient π-bridge enabling near-infrared (NIR) spectral access in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Seven dissymmetric dyes for DSCs were synthesized (NL2-NL8) with TPz as the π-bridge utilizing palladium catalyzed C-H activation methodology. C-H bond cross-coupling was uniquely effective among the cross-couplings and electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions analyzed in monofunctionalizing the TPz building block. The TPz-based NL2-NL8 dyes examine the effects of various donors, π-spacers, and acceptors within the donor-π bridge-acceptor (D-π-A) dye design. Proaromatic TPz stabilizes the excited-state oxidation potential (E(s+/s*)) of the dyes by maintaining aromaticity upon excitation of the dye molecule. This leads to concise conjugated systems capable of accessing the NIR region. Through judicious structural modifications, dye band gaps were reduced to 1.48 eV, and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reached 7.1% in this first generation TPz-dye series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalaka P Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Aswani Yella
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institution of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400-076, India
| | - Mohammad Nazeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institution of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institution of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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