1
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Jiang S, Gudem M, Kowalewski M, Dorfman K. Multidimensional high-harmonic echo spectroscopy: Resolving coherent electron dynamics in the EUV regime. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2304821121. [PMID: 38315847 PMCID: PMC10873645 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304821121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We theoretically propose a multidimensional high-harmonic echo spectroscopy technique which utilizes strong optical fields to resolve coherent electron dynamics spanning an energy range of multiple electronvolts. Using our recently developed semi-perturbative approach, we can describe the coherent valence electron dynamics driven by a sequence of phase-matched and well-separated short few-cycle strong infrared laser pulses. The recombination of tunnel-ionized electrons by each pulse coherently populates the valence states of a molecule, which allows for a direct observation of its dynamics via the high harmonic echo signal. The broad bandwidth of the effective dipole between valence states originated from the strong-field excitation results in nontrivial ultra-delayed partial rephasing echo, which is not observed in standard two-dimensional optical spectroscopic techniques in a two-level molecular systems. We demonstrate the results of simulations for the anionic molecular system and show that the ultrafast valence electron dynamics can be well captured with femtosecond resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai200062, China
| | - Mahesh Gudem
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Markus Kowalewski
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Dorfman
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai200062, China
- Center for Theoretical Physics and School of Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
- Himalayan Institute for Advanced Study, Unit of Gopinath Seva Foundation, Rishikesh249201, India
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2
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Clark JA, Kusy D, Vakuliuk O, Krzeszewski M, Kochanowski KJ, Koszarna B, O'Mari O, Jacquemin D, Gryko DT, Vullev VI. The magic of biaryl linkers: the electronic coupling through them defines the propensity for excited-state symmetry breaking in quadrupolar acceptor-donor-acceptor fluorophores. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13537-13550. [PMID: 38033901 PMCID: PMC10685337 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03812b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Charge transfer (CT) is key for molecular photonics, governing the optical properties of chromophores comprising electron-rich and electron-deficient components. In photoexcited dyes with an acceptor-donor-acceptor or donor-acceptor-donor architecture, CT breaks their quadrupolar symmetry and yields dipolar structures manifesting pronounced solvatochromism. Herein, we explore the effects of electronic coupling through biaryl linkers on the excited-state symmetry breaking of such hybrid dyes composed of an electron-rich core, i.e., 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole (DHPP), and pyrene substituents that can act as electron acceptors. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that strengthening the donor-acceptor electronic coupling decreases the CT rates and the propensity for symmetry breaking. We ascribe this unexpected result to effects of electronic coupling on the CT thermodynamics, which in its turn affects the CT kinetics. In cases of intermediate electronic coupling, the pyrene-DHPP conjugates produce fluorescence spectra, spreading over the whole visible range, that in addition to the broad CT emission, show bands from the radiative deactivation of the locally excited states of the donor and the acceptors. Because the radiative deactivation of the low-lying CT states is distinctly slow, fluorescence from upper locally excited states emerge leading to the observed anti-Kasha behaviour. As a result, these dyes exhibit white fluorescence. In addition to demonstrating the multifaceted nature of the effects of electronic coupling on CT dynamics, these chromophores can act as broad-band light sources with practical importance for imaging and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Damian Kusy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maciej Krzeszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Kochanowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Omar O'Mari
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS CEISAM UMR 6230 F-44000 Nantes France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) F-75005 Paris France
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44-52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Valentine I Vullev
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
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3
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Feng X, Wang X, Redshaw C, Tang BZ. Aggregation behaviour of pyrene-based luminescent materials, from molecular design and optical properties to application. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6715-6753. [PMID: 37694728 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular aggregates are self-assembled from multiple molecules via weak intermolecular interactions, and new chemical and physical properties can emerge compared to their individual molecule. With the development of aggregate science, much research has focused on the study of the luminescence behaviour of aggregates rather than single molecules. Pyrene as a classical fluorophore has attracted great attention due to its diverse luminescence behavior depending on the solution state, molecular packing pattern as well as morphology, resulting in wide potential applications. For example, pyrene prefers to emit monomer emission in dilute solution but tends to form a dimer via π-π stacking in the aggregation state, resulting in red-shifted emission with quenched fluorescence and quantum yield. Over the past two decades, much effort has been devoted to developing novel pyrene-based fluorescent molecules and determining the luminescence mechanism for potential applications. Since the concept of "aggregation-induced emission (AIE)" was proposed by Tang et al. in 2001, aggregate science has been established, and the aggregated luminescence behaviour of pyrene-based materials has been extensively investigated. New pyrene-based emitters have been designed and synthesized not only to investigate the relationships between the molecular structure and properties and advanced applications but also to examine the effect of the aggregate morphology on their optical and electronic properties. Indeed, new aggregated pyrene-based molecules have emerged with unique properties, such as circularly polarized luminescence, excellent fluorescence and phosphorescence and electroluminescence, ultra-high mobility, etc. These properties are independent of their molecular constituents and allow for a number of cutting-edge technological applications, such as chemosensors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic field effect transistors, organic solar cells, Li-batteries, etc. Reviews published to-date have mainly concentrated on summarizing the molecular design and multi-functional applications of pyrene-based fluorophores, whereas the aggregation behaviour of pyrene-based luminescent materials has received very little attention. The majority of the multi-functional applications of pyrene molecules are not only closely related to their molecular structures, but also to the packing model they adopt in the aggregated state. In this review, we will summarize the intriguing optoelectronic properties of pyrene-based luminescent materials boosted by aggregation behaviour, and systematically establish the relationship between the molecular structure, aggregation states, and optoelectronic properties. This review will provide a new perspective for understanding the luminescence and electronic transition mechanism of pyrene-based materials and will facilitate further development of pyrene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Material and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Material and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China.
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4
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Picchiotti A, Precek M, Zymaková A, Erichlandwehr T, Liu Y, Wiste T, Kahan P, Fernandez-Cuesta I, Andreasson J. Engraving of stainless-steel wires to improve optical quality of closed-loop wire-guided flow jet systems for optical and X-ray spectroscopy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1079029. [PMID: 37388247 PMCID: PMC10300417 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1079029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes performance enhancement developments to a closed-loop pump-driven wire-guided flow jet (WGJ) for ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy of liquid samples. Achievements include dramatically improved sample surface quality and reduced equipment footprint from 7 × 20 cm2 to 6 × 6 cm2, cost, and manufacturing time. Qualitative and quantitative measurements show that micro-scale wire surface modification yields significant improvements to the topography of the sample liquid surface. By manipulating their wettability, it is possible to better control the liquid sheet thickness and to obtain a smooth liquid sample surface, as demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Picchiotti
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Precek
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Anna Zymaková
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Tim Erichlandwehr
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yingliang Liu
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Tuomas Wiste
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Petr Kahan
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Irene Fernandez-Cuesta
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Andreasson
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
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5
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Hu F, Wang Z, Yao Q, Cao W, Zhang Q, Lu P. Clean hundred-µJ-level sub-6-fs blue pulses generated with helium-assisted solid thin plates. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:2555-2558. [PMID: 37186707 DOI: 10.1364/ol.487415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 85 µJ, 5.5 fs pulses spanning 350-500 nm with 96% energy concentrated on the main pulse are generated by pulse compression using a helium-assisted, two-stage solid thin plate apparatus. To the best of our knowledge, these are the highest energy sub-6 fs blue pulses obtained to date. Furthermore, during the spectral broadening process, we observe that solid thin plates are much more easily damaged by blue pulses in a vacuum than in a gas-filled environment at the same field intensity. Helium, with the highest ionization energy and extremely low material dispersion, is adopted to create a gas-filled environment. Thus, the damage to solid thin plates is eliminated, and high-energy, clean pulses can be obtained with only two commercially available chirped mirrors in a chamber. Furthermore, the excellent output power stability of 0.39% root mean square (rms) fluctuations over 1 h is maintained. We believe that few-cycle blue pulses at the hundred-µJ level can open the door to numerous new ultrafast and strong-field applications in this spectral region.
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6
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Segatta F, Ruiz DA, Aleotti F, Yaghoubi M, Mukamel S, Garavelli M, Santoro F, Nenov A. Nonlinear Molecular Electronic Spectroscopy via MCTDH Quantum Dynamics: From Exact to Approximate Expressions. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:2075-2091. [PMID: 36961952 PMCID: PMC10100531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
We present an accurate and efficient approach to computing the linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy of a closed quantum system subject to impulsive interactions with an incident electromagnetic field. It incorporates the effect of ultrafast nonadiabatic dynamics by means of explicit numerical propagation of the nuclear wave packet. The fundamental expressions for the evaluation of first- and higher-order response functions are recast in a general form that can be used with any quantum dynamics code capable of computing the overlap of nuclear wave packets evolving in different states. Here we present the evaluation of these expressions with the multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) method. Application is made to pyrene, excited to its lowest bright excited state S2 which exhibits a sub-100-fs nonadiabatic decay to a dark state S1. The system is described by a linear vibronic coupling Hamiltonian, parametrized with multiconfiguration electronic structure methods. We show that the ultrafast nonadiabatic dynamics can have a remarkable effect on the spectral line shapes that goes beyond simple lifetime broadening. Furthermore, a widely employed approximate expression based on the time scale separation of dephasing and population relaxation is recast in the same theoretical framework. Application to pyrene shows the range of validity of such approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Segatta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Aranda Ruiz
- ICMol, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Flavia Aleotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martha Yaghoubi
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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7
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Blavier M, Levine RD, Remacle F. Time evolution of entanglement of electrons and nuclei and partial traces in ultrafast photochemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17516-17525. [PMID: 35838986 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01440h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Broad in energy optical pulses induce ultrafast molecular dynamics where nuclear degrees of freedom are entangled with electronic ones. We discuss a matrix representation of wave functions of such entangled systems. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of this matrix provides a representation as a sum of separable terms. Their weights can be arranged in decreasing order. The representation provided by the SVD is equivalent to a Schmidt decomposition. If there is only one term or if one term is already a good approximation, the system is not entangled. The SVD also provides either an exact or a few term approximation for the partial traces. A simple example, the dynamics of LiH upon ultrafast excitation to several non-adiabatically coupled electronic states, is provided. The major contribution to the entanglement is created during the exit from the Franck Condon region. An additional contribution is the entanglement due to the nuclear motion induced non-adiabatic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Blavier
- Theoretical Physical Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium. .,The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R D Levine
- The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - F Remacle
- Theoretical Physical Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium. .,The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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8
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Xu X, Gunasekaran S, Renken S, Ripani L, Schollmeyer D, Kim W, Marcaccio M, Musser A, Narita A. Synthesis and Characterizations of 5,5'-Bibenzo[rst]pentaphene with Axial Chirality and Symmetry-Breaking Charge Transfer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200004. [PMID: 35156332 PMCID: PMC9259715 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of novel biaryls consisting of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) units can be an important strategy toward further developments of organic materials with unique properties. In this study, 5,5'-bibenzo[rst]pentaphene (BBPP) with two benzo[rst]pentaphene (BPP) units is synthesized in an efficient and versatile approach, and its structure is unambiguously elucidated by X-ray crystallography. BBPP exhibits axial chirality, and the (M)- and (P)-enantiomers are resolved by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography and studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy. These enantiomers have a relatively high isomerization barrier of 43.6 kcal mol-1 calculated by density functional theory. The monomer BPP and dimer BBPP are characterized by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that both BPP and BBPP fluoresce from a formally dark S1 electronic state that is enabled by Herzberg-Teller intensity borrowing from a neighboring bright S2 state. While BPP exhibits a relatively low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), BBPP exhibits a significantly enhanced PLQY due to a greater S2 intensity borrowing. Moreover, symmetry-breaking charge transfer in BBPP is demonstrated by spectroscopic investigations in solvents of different polarity. This suggests high potential for singlet fission in such π-extended biaryls through appropriate molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiushang Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University1919‐1 Tancha, Onna‐sonKunigami‐gunOkinawa904‐0495Japan
| | - Suman Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Scott Renken
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Lorenzo Ripani
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”Università di Bolognavia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–14Mainz55128Germany
| | - Woojae Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Massimo Marcaccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”Università di Bolognavia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Andrew Musser
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 10Mainz55128Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University1919‐1 Tancha, Onna‐sonKunigami‐gunOkinawa904‐0495Japan
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9
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Melani G, Guerrero-Felipe JP, Valencia AM, Krumland J, Cocchi C, Iannuzzi M. Donors, acceptors, and a bit of aromatics: electronic interactions of molecular adsorbates on hBN and MoS 2 monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16671-16679. [PMID: 35766517 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design of low-dimensional organic-inorganic interfaces for the next generation of opto-electronic applications requires in-depth understanding of the microscopic mechanisms ruling electronic interactions in these systems. In this work, we present a first-principles study based on density-functional theory inspecting the structural, energetic, and electronic properties of five molecular donors and acceptors adsorbed on freestanding hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers. All considered interfaces are stable, due to the crucial contribution of dispersion interactions, which are maximized by the overall flat arrangement of the physisorbed molecules on both substrates. The level alignment of the hybrid systems depends on the characteristics of the constituents. On hBN, both type-I and type-II interfaces may form, depending on the relative energies of the frontier orbitals with respect to the vacuum level. On the other hand, all MoS2-based hybrid systems exhibit a type-II level alignment, with the molecular frontier orbitals positioned across the energy gap of the semiconductor. The electronic structure of the hybrid materials is further determined by the formation of interfacial dipole moments and by the wave-function hybridization between the organic and inorganic constituents. These results provide important indications for the design of novel low-dimensional hybrid materials with suitable characteristics for opto-electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Melani
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland. .,Present Address: Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Guerrero-Felipe
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlesrshof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Physics, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana M Valencia
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlesrshof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of Physics, Carl-von-Ossietzy Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jannis Krumland
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlesrshof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Caterina Cocchi
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlesrshof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of Physics, Carl-von-Ossietzy Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Herperger KR, Krumland J, Cocchi C. Laser-Induced Electronic and Vibronic Dynamics in the Pyrene Molecule and Its Cation. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:9619-9631. [PMID: 34714646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pyrene is widely used as an optical probe thanks to its peculiar ultraviolet absorption and infrared emission features. Interestingly, this molecule is also an abundant component of the interstellar medium, where it is detected via its unique spectral fingerprints. In this work, we present a comprehensive first-principles study on the electronic and vibrational response of pyrene and its cation to ultrafast, coherent pulses in resonance with their optically active excitations in the ultraviolet region. The analysis of molecular symmetries, electronic structure, and linear optical spectra is used to interpret transient absorption spectra and kinetic energy spectral densities computed for the systems excited by ultrashort laser fields. By disentangling the effects of the electronic and vibrational dynamics via ad hoc simulations with stationary and moving ions, and, in specific cases, with the aid of auxiliary model systems, we rationalize that the nuclear motion is mainly harmonic in the neutral species, while strong anharmonic oscillations emerge in the cation, driven by electronic coherence. Our results provide additional insights into the ultrafast vibronic dynamics of pyrene and related compounds and set the stage for future investigations on more complex carbon-conjugated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Herperger
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1N 6N5, Canada.,Physics Department and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jannis Krumland
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Caterina Cocchi
- Physics Department and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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11
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Segatta F, Russo M, Nascimento DR, Presti D, Rigodanza F, Nenov A, Bonvicini A, Arcioni A, Mukamel S, Maiuri M, Muccioli L, Govind N, Cerullo G, Garavelli M. In Silico Ultrafast Nonlinear Spectroscopy Meets Experiments: The Case of Perylene Bisimide Dye. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7134-7145. [PMID: 34676761 PMCID: PMC8582250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spectroscopy simulations are of paramount importance for the interpretation of experimental electronic spectra, the disentangling of overlapping spectral features, and the tracing of the microscopic origin of the observed signals. Linear and nonlinear simulations are based on the results drawn from electronic structure calculations that provide the necessary parameterization of the molecular systems probed by light. Here, we investigate the applicability of excited-state properties obtained from linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) in the description of nonlinear spectra by employing the pseudowavefunction approach and compare them with benchmarks from highly accurate RASSCF/RASPT2 calculations and with high temporal resolution experimental results. As a test case, we consider the prediction of femtosecond transient absorption and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of a perylene bisimide dye in solution. We find that experimental signals are well reproduced by both theoretical approaches, showing that the computationally cheaper TDDFT can be a suitable option for the simulation of nonlinear spectroscopy of molecular systems that are too large to be treated with higher-level RASSCF/RASPT2 methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Segatta
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Mattia Russo
- IFN-CNR,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P. Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Daniel R. Nascimento
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Davide Presti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Francesco Rigodanza
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
studi di Padova, Via
F. Marzolo, Padova I-35131, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Andrea Bonvicini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Alberto Arcioni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Margherita Maiuri
- IFN-CNR,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P. Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P. Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
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12
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Kochman MA, Durbeej B, Kubas A. Simulation and Analysis of the Transient Absorption Spectrum of 4-( N, N-Dimethylamino)benzonitrile (DMABN) in Acetonitrile. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8635-8648. [PMID: 34550700 PMCID: PMC8503879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)benzonitrile (DMABN) is a well-known model compound for dual fluorescence-in sufficiently polar solvents, it exhibits two distinct fluorescence emission bands. The interpretation of its transient absorption (TA) spectrum in the visible range is the subject of a long-standing controversy. In the present study, we resolve this issue by calculating the TA spectrum on the basis of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations. An unambiguous assignment of spectral signals to specific excited-state structures is achieved by breaking down the calculated spectrum into contributions from twisted and nontwisted molecular geometries. In particular, the much-discussed excited-state absorption band near 1.7 eV (ca. 700 nm) is attributed to the near-planar locally excited (LE) minimum on the S1 state. On the technical side, our study demonstrates that the second-order approximate coupled cluster singles and doubles (CC2) method can be used successfully to calculate the TA spectra of moderately large organic molecules, provided that the system in question does not approach a crossing between the lowest excited state and the singlet ground state within the time frame of the simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Andrzej Kochman
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Ul. Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bo Durbeej
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology
(IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Adam Kubas
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Ul. Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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13
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Hu D, Peng J, Chen L, Gelin MF, Lan Z. Spectral Fingerprint of Excited-State Energy Transfer in Dendrimers through Polarization-Sensitive Transient-Absorption Pump-Probe Signals: On-the-Fly Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9710-9719. [PMID: 34590858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The time-resolved polarization-sensitive transient-absorption (TA) pump-probe (PP) spectra are simulated using on-the-fly surface-hopping nonadiabatic dynamics and the doorway-window representation of nonlinear spectroscopy. A dendrimer model system composed of two linear phenylene ethynylene units (2-ring and 3-ring) is taken as an example. The ground-state bleach (GSB), stimulated emission (SE), and excited-state absorption (ESA) contributions as well as the total TA PP signals are obtained and carefully analyzed. It is shown that intramolecular excited-state energy transfer from the 2-ring unit to the 3-ring unit can be conveniently identified by employing pump and probe pulses with different polarizations. Our results demonstrate that time-resolved polarization-sensitive TA PP signals provide a powerful tool for the elucidation of excited-state energy-transfer pathways, notably in molecular systems possessing several optically bright nonadiabatically coupled electronic states with different orientations of transition dipole moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deping Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiawei Peng
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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14
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Bruder L, Wittenbecher L, Kolesnichenko PV, Zigmantas D. Generation and compression of 10-fs deep ultraviolet pulses at high repetition rate using standard optics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25593-25604. [PMID: 34614887 DOI: 10.1364/oe.425053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The generation and characterization of ultrashort laser pulses in the deep ultraviolet spectral region is challenging, especially at high pulse repetition rates and low pulse energies. Here, we combine achromatic second harmonic generation and adaptive pulse compression for the efficient generation of sub-10 fs deep ultraviolet laser pulses at a laser repetition rate of 200 kHz. Furthermore, we simplify the pulse compression scheme and reach pulse durations of ≈10 fs without the use of adaptive optics. We demonstrate straight-forward tuning from 250 to 320 nm, broad pulse spectra of up to 63 nm width, excellent stability and a high robustness against misalignment. These features make the approach appealing for numerous spectroscopy and imaging applications.
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15
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Nazari Haghighi Pashaki M, Mosimann-Schönbächler N, Riede A, Gazzetto M, Rondi A, Cannizzo A. Two-dimensional ultrafast transient absorption spectrograph covering deep-ultraviolet to visible spectral region optimized for biomolecules. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ac0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We report on the implementation of a multi-kHz single-shot referenced non-coherent two-dimensional UV spectrograph based on conventional pump-probe geometry. It has the capability to cover a broad spectral region in excitation from 270-to-380 nm and in the detection from 270-to-390 nm and 320-to-720 nm. Other setups features are: an unprecedented time resolution of 33 fs (standard deviation); signals are photometrically corrected; a single-shot noise of <1 mOD. It has the capability to operate with sample volumes as small as few μl which is an accomplishment in studying biological or biomimetic systems. To show its performances and potentials, we report two preliminary studies on the photophysics of phenanthrenes hosted in a multichromophoric antenna system and of aromatic amino acids in a blue-copper azurin.
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16
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Segatta F, Nenov A, Nascimento DR, Govind N, Mukamel S, Garavelli M. iSPECTRON: A simulation interface for linear and nonlinear spectra with ab-initio quantum chemistry software. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:644-659. [PMID: 33556195 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We introduce iSPECTRON, a program that parses data from common quantum chemistry software (NWChem, OpenMolcas, Gaussian, Cobramm, etc.), produces the input files for the simulation of linear and nonlinear spectroscopy of molecules with the Spectron code, and analyzes the spectra with a broad range of tools. Vibronic spectra are expressed in term of the electronic eigenstates, obtained from quantum chemistry computations, and vibrational/bath effects are incorporated in the framework of the displaced harmonic oscillator model, where all required quantities are computed at the Franck-Condon point. The program capabilities are illustrated by simulating linear absorption, transient absorption and two dimensional electronic spectra of the pyrene molecule. Calculations at two levels of electronic structure theory, time-dependent density functional theory (with NWChem) and RASSCF/RASPT2 (with OpenMolcas) are presented and compared where possible. The iSPECTRON program is available online at https://github.com/ispectrongit/iSPECTRON/ and distributed open source under the terms of the Educational Community License version 2.0 (ECL 2.0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Segatta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel R Nascimento
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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17
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Begušić T, Vaníček J. Finite-Temperature, Anharmonicity, and Duschinsky Effects on the Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectra from Ab Initio Thermo-Field Gaussian Wavepacket Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2997-3005. [PMID: 33733773 PMCID: PMC8006135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Accurate description of finite-temperature vibrational dynamics is indispensable in the computation of two-dimensional electronic spectra. Such simulations are often based on the density matrix evolution, statistical averaging of initial vibrational states, or approximate classical or semiclassical limits. While many practical approaches exist, they are often of limited accuracy and difficult to interpret. Here, we use the concept of thermo-field dynamics to derive an exact finite-temperature expression that lends itself to an intuitive wavepacket-based interpretation. Furthermore, an efficient method for computing finite-temperature two-dimensional spectra is obtained by combining the exact thermo-field dynamics approach with the thawed Gaussian approximation for the wavepacket dynamics, which is exact for any displaced, distorted, and Duschinsky-rotated harmonic potential but also accounts partially for anharmonicity effects in general potentials. Using this new method, we directly relate a symmetry breaking of the two-dimensional signal to the deviation from the conventional Brownian oscillator picture.
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18
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Gelin MF, Huang X, Xie W, Chen L, Došlić NA, Domcke W. Ab Initio Surface-Hopping Simulation of Femtosecond Transient-Absorption Pump-Probe Signals of Nonadiabatic Excited-State Dynamics Using the Doorway-Window Representation. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2394-2408. [PMID: 33755464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An ab initio theoretical framework for the simulation of femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption (TA) pump-probe (PP) spectra with quasi-classical trajectories is presented. The simulations are based on the classical approximation to the doorway-window (DW) representation of third-order four-wave-mixing signals. The DW formula accounts for the finite duration and spectral shape of the pump and probe pulses. In the classical DW formalism, classical trajectories are stochastically sampled from a positive definite doorway distribution, and the signals are evaluated by averaging over a positive definite window distribution. Nonadiabatic excited-state dynamics is described by a stochastic surface-hopping algorithm. The method has been implemented for the pyrazine molecule with the second-order algebraic-diagrammatic construction (ADC(2)) ab initio electronic-structure method. The methodology is illustrated by ab initio simulations of the ground-state bleach, stimulated emission, and excited-state absorption contributions to the TA PP spectrum of gas-phase pyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nad A Došlić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruder Boscovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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19
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Aleotti F, Aranda D, Yaghoubi Jouybari M, Garavelli M, Nenov A, Santoro F. Parameterization of a linear vibronic coupling model with multiconfigurational electronic structure methods to study the quantum dynamics of photoexcited pyrene. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:104106. [PMID: 33722019 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With this work, we present a protocol for the parameterization of a Linear Vibronic Coupling (LVC) Hamiltonian for quantum dynamics using highly accurate multiconfigurational electronic structure methods such as RASPT2/RASSCF, combined with a maximum-overlap diabatization technique. Our approach is fully portable and can be applied to many medium-size rigid molecules whose excited state dynamics requires a quantum description. We present our model and discuss the details of the electronic structure calculations needed for the parameterization, analyzing critical situations that could arise in the case of strongly interacting excited states. The protocol was applied to the simulation of the excited state dynamics of the pyrene molecule, starting from either the first or the second bright state (S2 or S5). The LVC model was benchmarked against state-of-the-art quantum mechanical calculations with optimizations and energy scans and turned out to be very accurate. The dynamics simulations, performed including all active normal coordinates with the multilayer multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method, show good agreement with the available experimental data, endorsing prediction of the excited state mechanism, especially for S5, whose ultrafast deactivation mechanism was not yet clearly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Aleotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Aranda
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martha Yaghoubi Jouybari
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari," Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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20
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Begušić T, Vaníček J. On-the-fly ab initio semiclassical evaluation of third-order response functions for two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:184110. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0031216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Begušić
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Vaníček
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Conti I, Cerullo G, Nenov A, Garavelli M. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Photoactive Molecular Systems from First Principles: Where We Stand Today and Where We Are Going. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16117-16139. [PMID: 32841559 PMCID: PMC7901644 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Computational spectroscopy is becoming a mandatory tool for the interpretation of the
complex, and often congested, spectral maps delivered by modern non-linear multi-pulse
techniques. The fields of Electronic Structure Methods,
Non-Adiabatic Molecular Dynamics, and Theoretical
Spectroscopy represent the three pillars of the virtual ultrafast
optical spectrometer, able to deliver transient spectra in
silico from first principles. A successful simulation strategy requires a
synergistic approach that balances between the three fields, each one having its very
own challenges and bottlenecks. The aim of this Perspective is to demonstrate that,
despite these challenges, an impressive agreement between theory and experiment is
achievable now regarding the modeling of ultrafast photoinduced processes in complex
molecular architectures. Beyond that, some key recent developments in the three fields
are presented that we believe will have major impacts on spectroscopic simulations in
the very near future. Potential directions of development, pending challenges, and
rising opportunities are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, IFN-CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
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22
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Aquilante F, Autschbach J, Baiardi A, Battaglia S, Borin VA, Chibotaru LF, Conti I, De Vico L, Delcey M, Fdez Galván I, Ferré N, Freitag L, Garavelli M, Gong X, Knecht S, Larsson ED, Lindh R, Lundberg M, Malmqvist PÅ, Nenov A, Norell J, Odelius M, Olivucci M, Pedersen TB, Pedraza-González L, Phung QM, Pierloot K, Reiher M, Schapiro I, Segarra-Martí J, Segatta F, Seijo L, Sen S, Sergentu DC, Stein CJ, Ungur L, Vacher M, Valentini A, Veryazov V. Modern quantum chemistry with [Open]Molcas. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:214117. [PMID: 32505150 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOLCAS/OpenMolcas is an ab initio electronic structure program providing a large set of computational methods from Hartree-Fock and density functional theory to various implementations of multiconfigurational theory. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the main features of the code, specifically reviewing the use of the code in previously reported chemical applications as well as more recent applications including the calculation of magnetic properties from optimized density matrix renormalization group wave functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Aquilante
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Alberto Baiardi
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Veniamin A Borin
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics Research, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Liviu F Chibotaru
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irene Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Luca De Vico
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mickaël Delcey
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ignacio Fdez Galván
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Ferré
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Institut Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France
| | - Leon Freitag
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Stefan Knecht
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ernst D Larsson
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Åke Malmqvist
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Jesper Norell
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Odelius
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Thomas B Pedersen
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Pedraza-González
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Quan M Phung
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kristine Pierloot
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Igor Schapiro
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics Research, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Javier Segarra-Martí
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Segatta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Luis Seijo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saumik Sen
- Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics Research, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | | | - Christopher J Stein
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Liviu Ungur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Morgane Vacher
- Laboratoire CEISAM - UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Alessio Valentini
- Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Research Unit MolSys, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Valera Veryazov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
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23
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Stoycheva J, Tadjer A, Garavelli M, Spassova M, Nenov A, Romanova J. Boron-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Molecular Set Revealing the Interplay between Topology and Singlet Fission Propensity. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1390-1396. [PMID: 31971385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the relationship between the topology (the way in which the atoms are connected), open-shell character, and singlet fission (SF) propensity in a series of diboron-doped anthracenes and phenanthrenes. The study is performed by using high-level wave-function-based quantum-chemical calculations. The results show that the molecular topology plays a crucial role for the optical properties and, respectively, for the SF propensity of the studied compounds. The topology-derived correlations between the structure and properties are interpreted in the light of the Kekulé hydrocarbons concept and serve as molecular design guidelines for the discovery of new SF materials. Finally, several boron-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are proposed as SF chromophores for organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stoycheva
- University of Sofia , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Sofia 1164 , Bulgaria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Vialedel Risorgimento 4 , I-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alia Tadjer
- University of Sofia , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Sofia 1164 , Bulgaria
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Vialedel Risorgimento 4 , I-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Milena Spassova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 1113 Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Vialedel Risorgimento 4 , I-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Julia Romanova
- University of Sofia , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Sofia 1164 , Bulgaria
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24
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Nelson TR, White AJ, Bjorgaard JA, Sifain AE, Zhang Y, Nebgen B, Fernandez-Alberti S, Mozyrsky D, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Non-adiabatic Excited-State Molecular Dynamics: Theory and Applications for Modeling Photophysics in Extended Molecular Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2215-2287. [PMID: 32040312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Optically active molecular materials, such as organic conjugated polymers and biological systems, are characterized by strong coupling between electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. Typically, simulations must go beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation to account for non-adiabatic coupling between excited states. Indeed, non-adiabatic dynamics is commonly associated with exciton dynamics and photophysics involving charge and energy transfer, as well as exciton dissociation and charge recombination. Understanding the photoinduced dynamics in such materials is vital to providing an accurate description of exciton formation, evolution, and decay. This interdisciplinary field has matured significantly over the past decades. Formulation of new theoretical frameworks, development of more efficient and accurate computational algorithms, and evolution of high-performance computer hardware has extended these simulations to very large molecular systems with hundreds of atoms, including numerous studies of organic semiconductors and biomolecules. In this Review, we will describe recent theoretical advances including treatment of electronic decoherence in surface-hopping methods, the role of solvent effects, trivial unavoided crossings, analysis of data based on transition densities, and efficient computational implementations of these numerical methods. We also emphasize newly developed semiclassical approaches, based on the Gaussian approximation, which retain phase and width information to account for significant decoherence and interference effects while maintaining the high efficiency of surface-hopping approaches. The above developments have been employed to successfully describe photophysics in a variety of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammie R Nelson
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Alexander J White
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Josiah A Bjorgaard
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Andrew E Sifain
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States.,U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland 21005 , United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Benjamin Nebgen
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | | | - Dmitry Mozyrsky
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Adrian E Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
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25
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Segarra-Martí J, Segatta F, Mackenzie TA, Nenov A, Rivalta I, Bearpark MJ, Garavelli M. Modeling multidimensional spectral lineshapes from first principles: application to water-solvated adenine. Faraday Discuss 2020; 221:219-244. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00072k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically describe spectral lineshape from first principles, providing insight into solvent–solute interactions in terms of static and dynamic disorder and how these shape experimental signals in linear and non-linear optical spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Segarra-Martí
- Department of Chemistry
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Francesco Segatta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università degli studi di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Tristan A. Mackenzie
- Department of Chemistry
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università degli studi di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Ivan Rivalta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università degli studi di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
- Univ Lyon
| | - Michael J. Bearpark
- Department of Chemistry
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università degli studi di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
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Farfan CA, Turner DB. Nonadiabatic Photochemistry Induced by Inaccessible Conical Intersections. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7768-7776. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille A. Farfan
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York New York 10003, United States
| | - Daniel B. Turner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York New York 10003, United States
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27
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Borrego-Varillas R, Nenov A, Ganzer L, Oriana A, Manzoni C, Tolomelli A, Rivalta I, Mukamel S, Garavelli M, Cerullo G. Two-dimensional UV spectroscopy: a new insight into the structure and dynamics of biomolecules. Chem Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03871j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional ultraviolet spectroscopy has the potential to deliver rich structural and dynamical information on biomolecules such as DNA and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale
- Universitá degli Studi di Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - L. Ganzer
- IFN-CNR
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - A. Oriana
- IFN-CNR
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - C. Manzoni
- IFN-CNR
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - A. Tolomelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Universitá degli Studi di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - I. Rivalta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale
- Universitá degli Studi di Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - S. Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
- Irvine
- USA
| | - M. Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale
- Universitá degli Studi di Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - G. Cerullo
- IFN-CNR
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Politecnico di Milano
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
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