1
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Pawlak A, Krajenta J. Entanglements of Macromolecules and Their Influence on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Polymers. Molecules 2024; 29:3410. [PMID: 39064989 PMCID: PMC11280004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexible macromolecules easily become entangled with neighboring macromolecules. The resulting network determines many polymer properties, including rheological and mechanical properties. Therefore, a number of experimental and modeling studies were performed to describe the relationship between the degree of entanglement of macromolecules and polymer properties. The introduction presents general information about the entanglements of macromolecule chains, collected on the basis of studies of equilibrium entangled polymers. It is also shown how the density of entanglements can be reduced. The second chapter presents experiments and models leading to the description of the movement of a single macromolecule. The next part of the text discusses how the rheological properties change after partial disentangling of the polymer. The results on the influence of the degree of chain entanglement on mechanical properties are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Pawlak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Lodz, Poland;
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2
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Chen Y, Lan Q. Experimental evidence for immiscibility of enantiomeric polymers: Phase separation of high-molecular-weight poly(ʟ-lactide)/poly(ᴅ-lactide) blends and its impact on hindering stereocomplex crystallization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129459. [PMID: 38232890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Although polymers tend not to mix, it remains challenging to characterize the immiscibility of enantiomeric poly(ʟ-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(ᴅ-lactide) (PDLA), particularly with equivalent and high molecular weight (high MW), which frustratingly disfavors the exclusive stereocomplexation. By introducing a random copolymer (PLC) of ʟ-lactide and caprolactone to form binary blends with PLLA and PDLA, the phase behavior of high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends was investigated mainly by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). DSC results showed that PLLA/PLC blends exhibited a single glass transition temperature (Tg), which depended on the blending ratio and precisely corresponded with the theoretical values calculated from the Fox equation. In comparison, PDLA/PLC blends showed composition-dependent heat-capacity increment at two unchanged Tg values of pure PLC and PDLA. AFM observation revealed that PLC is completely miscible with PLLA at high MW but is immiscible with PDLA, logically suggesting immiscibility of high-MW PLLA and PDLA. Moreover, AFM results demonstrated that high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends exhibited spherical droplets in asymmetric blends and bicontinuous interpenetrating worm-like patterns in symmetric counterparts, showing distinct and well-defined interfaces, confirming the microphase separation. Additionally, different MWs fundamentally led to significant differences in miscibility, which consequently affected the crystallization behaviors of PLLA/PDLA blends. This work provides evidence for (im)miscibility and its crucial impact on the crystallization of PLLA/PDLA blends and has important implications for understanding the stereocomplexation of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Chen
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaofeng Lan
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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3
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Grillo A, Rusconi Y, D’Alterio MC, De Rosa C, Talarico G, Poater A. Ring Opening Polymerization of Six- and Eight-Membered Racemic Cyclic Esters for Biodegradable Materials. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1647. [PMID: 38338928 PMCID: PMC10855523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The low percentage of recyclability of the polymeric materials obtained by olefin transition metal (TM) polymerization catalysis has increased the interest in their substitution with more eco-friendly materials with reliable physical and mechanical properties. Among the variety of known biodegradable polymers, linear aliphatic polyesters produced by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters occupy a prominent position. The polymer properties are highly dependent on the macromolecule microstructure, and the control of stereoselectivity is necessary for providing materials with precise and finely tuned properties. In this review, we aim to outline the main synthetic routes, the physical properties and also the applications of three commercially available biodegradable materials: Polylactic acid (PLA), Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA), and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), all of three easily accessible via ROP. In this framework, understanding the origin of enantioselectivity and the factors that determine it is then crucial for the development of materials with suitable thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Grillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.G.); (Y.R.); (M.C.D.); (C.D.R.); (G.T.)
| | - Yolanda Rusconi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.G.); (Y.R.); (M.C.D.); (C.D.R.); (G.T.)
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Christian D’Alterio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.G.); (Y.R.); (M.C.D.); (C.D.R.); (G.T.)
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.G.); (Y.R.); (M.C.D.); (C.D.R.); (G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.G.); (Y.R.); (M.C.D.); (C.D.R.); (G.T.)
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
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4
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Xue Y, Cao M, Chen C, Zhong M. Design of Microstructure-Engineered Polymers for Energy and Environmental Conservation. JACS AU 2023; 3:1284-1300. [PMID: 37234122 PMCID: PMC10207122 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-growing demand for sustainability, designing polymeric materials using readily accessible feedstocks provides potential solutions to address the challenges in energy and environmental conservation. Complementing the prevailing strategy of varying chemical composition, engineering microstructures of polymer chains by precisely controlling their chain length distribution, main chain regio-/stereoregularity, monomer or segment sequence, and architecture creates a powerful toolbox to rapidly access diversified material properties. In this Perspective, we lay out recent advances in utilizing appropriately designed polymers in a wide range of applications such as plastic recycling, water purification, and solar energy storage and conversion. With decoupled structural parameters, these studies have established various microstructure-function relationships. Given the progress outlined here, we envision that the microstructure-engineering strategy will accelerate the design and optimization of polymeric materials to meet sustainability criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Xue
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mengxue Cao
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Charles Chen
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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5
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Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca M, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Sánchez-Barba LF, Tejeda J, Rodríguez AM, Castro-Osma JA, Lara-Sánchez A. One-pot terpolymerization of CHO, CO 2 and L-lactide using chloride indium catalysts. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3482-3492. [PMID: 36843480 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Ring-opening copolymerization reactions of epoxides, carbon dioxide and cyclic esters to produce copolymers is a promising strategy to prepare CO2-based polymeric materials. In this contribution, bimetallic chloride indium complexes have been developed as catalysts for the copolymerization processes of cyclohexene oxide, carbon dioxide and L-lactide under mild reaction conditions. The catalysts displayed good catalytic activity and excellent selectivity towards the preparation of poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) at one bar CO2 pressure in the absence of a co-catalyst. Additionally, polyester-polycarbonate copolymers poly(lactide-co-cyclohexene carbonate) (PLA-co-PCHC) were obtained via an one-pot one-step route without the use of a co-catalyst. The degree of incorporation of carbon dioxide can be easily modulated by changing the CO2 pressure and the monomer feed, resulting in copolymers with different thermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Luis F Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Tejeda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, 02071-Albacete, Spain.
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada-IRICA, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
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6
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Poly(glycidyl azide) as Photo-Crosslinker for Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245451. [PMID: 36559818 PMCID: PMC9787972 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosslinking polymers to form networks is a universal and routinely applied strategy to improve their stability and endow them with solvent resistance, adhesion properties, etc. However, the chemical crosslinking of common commercial polymers, especially for those without functional groups, cannot be achieved readily. In this study, we utilized low-molecular weight poly(glycidyl azide) (GAP) as polymeric crosslinkers to crosslink various commercial polymers via simple ultraviolet light irradiation. The azide groups were shown to decompose upon photo-irradiation and be converted to highly reactive nitrene species, which are able to insert into carbon-hydrogen bonds and thus crosslink the polymeric matrices. This strategy was demonstrated successfully in several commercial polymers. In particular, it was found that the crosslinking is highly localized, which could endow the polymeric matrices with a decent degree of crosslinking without significantly influencing other properties, suggesting a novel and robust method to crosslink polymeric materials.
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7
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Stereoselective synthesis of biodegradable polymers by salen-type metal catalysts. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Salvado V, Dolatkhani M, Grau É, Vidil T, Cramail H. Sequence-Controlled Polyhydroxyurethanes with Tunable Regioregularity Obtained from Sugar-Based Vicinal Bis-cyclic Carbonates. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Salvado
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, 33600 Pessac, France
- PolymerExpert, 1 Allée du Doyen Georges Brus, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Marc Dolatkhani
- PolymerExpert, 1 Allée du Doyen Georges Brus, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Étienne Grau
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Vidil
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Henri Cramail
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, 33600 Pessac, France
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9
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Li H, Ollivier J, Guillaume SM, Carpentier JF. Tacticity Control of Cyclic Poly(3-Thiobutyrate) Prepared by Ring-Opening Polymerization of Racemic β-Thiobutyrolactone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202386. [PMID: 35286752 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report here on the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of racemic β-thiobutyrolactone (rac-TBL), as the first chemical synthesis of poly(3-thiobutyrolactone) (P3TB), the thioester analogue of the ubiquitous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB). The ROP reactions proceed very fast (TOF >12 000 h-1 at r.t.) in the presence of various metal-based catalysts. Remarkably, catalyst systems based on non-chiral yttrium complexes stabilized by tetradentate amino alkoxy- or diamino-bis(phenolate) ligands {ONXOR1,R2 }2- (X=O, N) provide access to cyclic P3TB with either high isoselectivity (Pm up to 0.90) or high syndiotactic bias (Pr up to 0.70). The stereoselectivity can be controlled by manipulation of the substituents on the ligand platform and adequate choice of the reaction solvent and temperature as well. The cyclic polymer topology is evidenced by MALDI-ToF MS, NMR and TGA. Highly isotactic cyclic P3TB is a semi-crystalline material as revealed by DSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
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10
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Li H, Ollivier J, Guillaume SM, Carpentier J. Tacticity Control of Cyclic Poly(3‐Thiobutyrate) Prepared by Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Racemic β‐Thiobutyrolactone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
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11
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Stubbs C, Worch JC, Prydderch H, Wang Z, Mathers RT, Dobrynin AV, Becker ML, Dove AP. Sugar-Based Polymers with Stereochemistry-Dependent Degradability and Mechanical Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1243-1250. [PMID: 35029980 PMCID: PMC8796236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stereochemistry in polymers can be used as an effective tool to control the mechanical and physical properties of the resulting materials. Typically, though, in synthetic polymers, differences among polymer stereoisomers leads to incremental property variation, i.e., no changes to the baseline plastic or elastic behavior. Here we show that stereochemical differences in sugar-based monomers yield a family of nonsegmented, alternating polyurethanes that can be either strong amorphous thermoplastic elastomers with properties that exceed most cross-linked rubbers or robust, semicrystalline thermoplastics with properties comparable to commercial plastics. The stereochemical differences in the monomers direct distinct intra- and interchain supramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions in the bulk materials to define their behavior. The chemical similarity among these isohexide-based polymers enables both statistical copolymerization and blending, which each afford independent control over degradability and mechanical properties. The modular molecular design of the polymers provides an opportunity to create a family of materials with divergent properties that possess inherently built degradability and outstanding mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
J. Stubbs
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Joshua C. Worch
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Hannah Prydderch
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zilu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina−Chapel
Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Andrey V. Dobrynin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina−Chapel
Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department
of Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Biomedical
Engineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina 20899, United States
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
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12
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Tsuji H, Ohsada K, Arakawa Y. Stereocomplex- and homo-crystallization behavior, polymorphism, and thermal properties of enantiomeric random copolymers of l- and d-lactic acids from the melt. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Narmon AS, Dewaele A, Bruyninckx K, Sels BF, Van Puyvelde P, Dusselier M. Boosting PLA melt strength by controlling the chirality of co-monomer incorporation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5672-5681. [PMID: 34163778 PMCID: PMC8179584 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based and degradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) have become prominent. In spite of encouraging features, PLA has a low melt strength and melt elasticity, resulting in processing and application limitations that diminish its substitution potential vis-a-vis classic plastics. Here, we demonstrate a large increase in zero shear viscosity, melt elasticity, elongational viscosity and melt strength by random co-polymerization of lactide with small amounts, viz. 0.4-10 mol%, of diethylglycolide of opposite chiral nature. These enantiomerically pure monomers can be synthesized using one-step zeolite catalysis. Screening of the ester linkages in the final PLA chains by the ethyl side groups is suggested to create an expanding effect on the polymer coils in molten state by weakening of chain-chain interactions. This effect is suspected to increase the radius of gyration, enabling more chain entanglements and consequently increasing the melt strength. A stronger melt could enable access to more cost-competitive and sustainable PLA-based biomaterials with a broader application window. Amongst others, blow molding of bottles, film blowing, fiber spinning and foaming could be facilitated by PLA materials exhibiting a higher melt strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Sofie Narmon
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium https://dusselier-lab.org/
| | - Annelies Dewaele
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium https://dusselier-lab.org/
| | - Kevin Bruyninckx
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium https://dusselier-lab.org/
| | - Bert F Sels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium https://dusselier-lab.org/
| | - Peter Van Puyvelde
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Michiel Dusselier
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Centre for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium https://dusselier-lab.org/
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14
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Platel RH, Hurst AR. Precise Microstructure Control in Poly(hydroxybutyrate- co-lactic Acid) Copolymers Prepared by an Yttrium Amine Bis(phenolate) Complex. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H. Platel
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
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15
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Ghosh S, Glöckler E, Wölper C, Tjaberings A, Gröschel AH, Schulz S. Active Ga-catalysts for the ring opening homo- and copolymerization of cyclic esters, and copolymerization of epoxide and anhydrides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13475-13486. [PMID: 32966460 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02831b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of gallium complexes L12Ga4Me8 (1), L22Ga4Me8 (2), and L32Ga4Me8 (3) was synthesized by reaction of GaMe3 with Schiff base ligands L1-3H2 (L1H2 = 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol; L2H2 = 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol; L3H2 = 4-tert-butyl-2-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol) and characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray analysis (1, 2), proving their tetranuclear structure in the solid state. Complexes 1-3 showed good catalytic activity in the ring opening homopolymerization (ROP) and ring opening copolymerization (ROcoP) of lactide (LA) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BnOH) in toluene at 100 °C, yielding polymers with the expected average molecular weights (Mn) and narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD), as well as a high isoselectivity for the ROP of rac-lactide (rac-LA), yielding isotactic-enriched PLAs with Pm values up to 0.78. Kinetic studies with complex 1 proved the first order dependence on monomer concentration, while mechanistic studies confirmed the coordination insertion mechanistic (CIM) pathway. Sequential addition of monomers gave well defined diblock copolymers of PCL-b-PLLA and PLLA-b-PCL, proving the living character of the polymerization reactions. The catalysts also showed perfect selectivity for the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) with both succinic anhydride (SA) and maleic anhydride (MA) in the presence of BnOH and produced >99% alternating block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Ghosh
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
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16
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Goonesinghe C, Roshandel H, Diaz C, Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Ezhova M, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic indium catalysts for ring opening polymerization: tuning reactivity with hemilabile ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6485-6491. [PMID: 34094114 PMCID: PMC8159295 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a comprehensive study of the effects of rationally designed hemilabile ligands on the stability, reactivity, and change in catalytic behavior of indium complexes. We report cationic alkyl indium complexes supported by a family of hemi-salen type ligands bearing hemilabile thiophenyl (2a), furfuryl (2b) and pyridyl (2c) pendant donor arms. Shelf-life and stability of these complexes followed the trend 2a < 2b < 2c, showing direct correlation to the affinity of the pendant donor group to the indium center. Reactivity towards polymerization of epichlorohydrin and cyclohexene oxide followed the trend 2a > 2b > 2c with control of polymerization following an inverse relationship to reactivity. Surprisingly, 2c polymerized racemic lactide without an external initiator, likely through an alkyl-initiated coordination-insertion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Maria Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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17
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Belkhir K, Majesté J, Jegat C, Taha M. Rheological study of quaternary ammonium‐containing star‐shaped polylactic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kedafi Belkhir
- Université de Lyon F‐42023 Saint Etienne France
- CNRS, UMR5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Etienne F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
| | - Jean‐Charles Majesté
- Université de Lyon F‐42023 Saint Etienne France
- CNRS, UMR5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Etienne F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
| | - Corinne Jegat
- Université de Lyon F‐42023 Saint Etienne France
- CNRS, UMR5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Etienne F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
| | - Mohamed Taha
- Université de Lyon F‐42023 Saint Etienne France
- CNRS, UMR5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Etienne F‐42023 Saint‐Etienne France
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18
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García-Valle FM, Cuenca T, Mosquera ME, Milione S, Cano J. Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters by a versatile aluminum Diphenoxyimine Complex: From polylactide to random copolymers. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Hador R, Lipstman S, Rescigno R, Venditto V, Kol M. Aluminium complexes of salanol ligands: coordination chemistry and stereoselective lactide polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13528-13531. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium complexes of the new salanol ligands give rise to all PLA tacticities by different stereocontrol mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Hador
- The School of Chemistry
- Tel Aviv University
- Ramat Aviv
- Israel
| | | | - Raffaella Rescigno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli
- and INSTM Research Unit
- University of Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli
- and INSTM Research Unit
- University of Salerno
- 84084 Fisciano
- Italy
| | - Moshe Kol
- The School of Chemistry
- Tel Aviv University
- Ramat Aviv
- Israel
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20
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García-Valle FM, Muñoz MT, Cuenca T, Milione S, Mosquera ME, Cano J. Fluorinated alkali metal catalysts for the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide. Effect of the M···F interactions in the polymerization control. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Fang C, Ma H. Ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide, copolymerization of rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone by zinc complexes bearing pyridyl-based tridentate amino-phenolate ligands. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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22
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Hador R, Botta A, Venditto V, Lipstman S, Goldberg I, Kol M. The Dual‐Stereocontrol Mechanism: Heteroselective Polymerization of
rac
‐Lactide and Syndioselective Polymerization of
meso
‐Lactide by Chiral Aluminum Salan Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Hador
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Antonio Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli, and INSTM Research Unit University of Salerno Fisciano 84084 Salerno Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli, and INSTM Research Unit University of Salerno Fisciano 84084 Salerno Italy
| | - Sophia Lipstman
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Israel Goldberg
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Moshe Kol
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
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23
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Hador R, Botta A, Venditto V, Lipstman S, Goldberg I, Kol M. The Dual‐Stereocontrol Mechanism: Heteroselective Polymerization of
rac
‐Lactide and Syndioselective Polymerization of
meso
‐Lactide by Chiral Aluminum Salan Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14679-14685. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Hador
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Antonio Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli, and INSTM Research Unit University of Salerno Fisciano 84084 Salerno Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venditto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology A. Zambelli, and INSTM Research Unit University of Salerno Fisciano 84084 Salerno Italy
| | - Sophia Lipstman
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Israel Goldberg
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Moshe Kol
- School of Chemistry Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
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24
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Worch JC, Prydderch H, Jimaja S, Bexis P, Becker ML, Dove AP. Stereochemical enhancement of polymer properties. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Nowalk JA, Swisher JH, Meyer TY. Influence of Short-Range Scrambling of Monomer Order on the Hydrolysis Behaviors of Sequenced Degradable Polyesters. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Nowalk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jordan H. Swisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tara Y. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, United States
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26
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Nowalk JA, Fang C, Short AL, Weiss RM, Swisher JH, Liu P, Meyer TY. Sequence-Controlled Polymers Through Entropy-Driven Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Theory, Molecular Weight Control, and Monomer Design. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5741-5752. [PMID: 30714723 PMCID: PMC6685222 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bulk properties of a copolymer are directly affected by monomer sequence, yet efficient, scalable, and controllable syntheses of sequenced copolymers remain a defining challenge in polymer science. We have previously demonstrated, using polymers prepared by a step-growth synthesis, that hydrolytic degradation of poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)s is dramatically affected by sequence. While much was learned, the step-growth mechanism gave no molecular weight control, unpredictable yields, and meager scalability. Herein, we describe the synthesis of closely related sequenced polyesters prepared by entropy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ED-ROMP) of strainless macromonomers with imbedded monomer sequences of lactic, glycolic, 6-hydroxy hexanoic, and syringic acids. The incorporation of ethylene glycol and metathesis linkers facilitated synthesis and provided the olefin functionality needed for ED-ROMP. Ring-closing to prepare the cyclic macromonomers was demonstrated using both ring-closing metathesis and macrolactonization reactions. Polymerization produced macromolecules with controlled molecular weights on a multigram scale. To further enhance molecular weight control, the macromonomers were prepared with cis-olefins in the metathesis-active segment. Under these selectivity-enhanced (SEED-ROMP) conditions, first-order kinetics and narrow dispersities were observed and the effect of catalyst initiation rate on the polymerization was investigated. Enhanced living character was further demonstrated through the preparation of block copolymers. Computational analysis suggested that the enhanced polymerization kinetics were due to the cis-macrocyclic olefin being less flexible and having a larger population of metathesis-reactive conformers. Although used for polyesters in this investigation, SEED-ROMP represents a general method for incorporation of sequenced segments into molecular weight-controlled polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Nowalk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Computational Modeling & Simulation Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260
| | - Amy L. Short
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ryan M. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jordan H. Swisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tara Yvonne Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15219, United States
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27
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Tzounis PN, Argyropoulou DV, Anogiannakis SD, Theodorou DN. Tacticity Effect on the Conformational Properties of Polypropylene and Poly(ethylene–propylene) Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dora V. Argyropoulou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos D. Anogiannakis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Doros N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR 15780 Athens, Greece
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28
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Ou HW, Lu WY, Vandavasi JK, Lin YF, Chen HY, Lin CC. Improvement in titanium complexes supported by Schiff bases in ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters: ONO-tridentate Schiff bases. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Zeng FR, Liang Y, Li ZL. Precision Aliphatic Polyesters via Segmer Assembly Polymerization. Molecules 2018; 23:E452. [PMID: 29463013 PMCID: PMC6017348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise structure-property relation of a biodegradable polymer (e.g., aliphatic polyester) is anticipated only if monomer units and chiral centers are arranged in a defined primary sequence as a biomacromolecule. An emerging synthetic methodology, namely segmer assembly polymerization (SAP), is introduced in this paper to reveal the latest progress in polyester synthesis. Almost any periodic polyester envisioned can be synthesized via SAP using a programed linear or cyclic monomer. In this context, the macroscopic properties of a biodegradable polymer are fundamentally determined by microstructural information through a bottom-up approach. It can be highlighted that SAP ideally combines the precision of organic synthesis and the high efficiency of a polymerization reaction. Previously reported strategies including nucleophilic displacement, polyesterification, cross-metathesis polymerization (CMP), ring-opening polymerization (ROP), ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and entropy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ED-ROMP) are critically reviewed in this paper to shed light on precision synthesis of aliphatic polyesters via SAP. Emerging yet challenging, SAP is a paradigm which reflects the convergence of organic and polymer chemistries and is also an efficient pathway to microstructural control. The current status, future challenges and promising trends in this realm are analyzed and discussed in this overview of the state-of-the-art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Zi-Long Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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30
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Tsuji H, Arakawa Y. Synthesis, properties, and crystallization of the alternating stereocopolymer poly(l-lactic acid-alt-d-lactic acid) [syndiotactic poly(lactic acid)] and its blend with isotactic poly(lactic acid). Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The alternating stereocopolymer poly(l-lactic acid-alt-d-lactic acid) or syndiotactic poly(lactic acid) was successfully synthesized by the condensation of the l-lactic acid-d-lactic acid dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
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31
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Osten KM, Mehrkhodavandi P. Indium Catalysts for Ring Opening Polymerization: Exploring the Importance of Catalyst Aggregation. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2861-2869. [PMID: 29087695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inexorably, the environmental persistence and damage caused by polyolefins have become major drawbacks to their continued long-term use. Global shifts in thinking from fossil-fuel to renewable biobased resources have urged researchers to focus their attention on substituting fossil-fuel based polymers with renewable and biodegradable alternatives on an industrial scale. The recent development of biodegradable polyesters from ring opening polymerization (ROP) of bioderived cyclic ester monomers has emerged as a promising new avenue toward this goal. Ever increasing numbers of metal-based initiators have been reported in the literature for the controlled ROP of cyclic esters, in particular for the polymerization of lactide to produce poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PLA has several material weaknesses, which hinder its use as a replacement for commodity plastics. Despite many advances in developing highly active and controlled catalysts for lactide polymerization, no single catalyst system has emerged to replace industrially used catalysts and provide access to PLA materials with improved properties. We reported the first example of indium(III) for the ring opening polymerization of lactide. Since then, indium(III) has emerged as a useful Lewis acid in initiators for the controlled polymerization of lactide and other cyclic esters. In particular, we have developed a large family of chiral dinuclear indium complexes bearing tridentate diaminophenolate ligands and tetradentate salen and salan ligands. Complexes within our tridentate ligand family are highly active initiators for the moderately isoselective living and immortal polymerization of rac-lactide, as well as other cyclic esters. We have shown that subtle steric effects influence aggregation in these systems, with polymerization typically proceeding through a dinuclear propagating species. In addition, profound effects on polymerization activities have been observed for central tertiary versus secondary amine donors in these and other related systems. In contrast, our well-controlled and highly active chiral indium salen systems are more isoselective than the tridentate analogues and polymerize lactide via a mononuclear propagating species. Again, we have noticed that subtle steric and electronic changes to the ligand can influence both polymerization activity and stereoselectivity via aggregation phenomena. Recently, we have reported a promising new chiral indium catalyst supported by a tetradentate salan ligand. This catalyst is remarkably water and air stable and can be activated by linear and branched alcohols to provide controlled access to multiblock copolymers in air. This catalyst represents an important step forward toward generating new, commercially relevant catalysts for ROP of cyclic esters to produce novel biodegradable polymers, and highlights the unique value of indium-based catalysts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Osten
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
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32
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Yao C, Yang Y, Xu S, Ma H. Potassium complexes supported by monoanionic tetradentate amino-phenolate ligands: synthesis, structure and catalysis in the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6087-6097. [PMID: 28430280 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00812k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of potassium complexes bearing monoanionic tetradentate amino-phenolate ligands, [LK]2 (L = {(2-R1)C6H4CH2N[(CH2)2R2]CH2(4-R4-6-R3)C6H2O-}, R1 = NMe2, R2 = NEt2, R3 = CPh3, R4 = Me (1); R1 = R2 = NEt2, R3 = CPh3, R4 = Me (2); R1 = NMe2, R2 = NEt2, R3 = R4 = cumyl (4); R1 = R2 = OMe, R3 = tBu, R4 = Me (6); L = (2-NMe2)C6H4CH2N[[CH2-(S)-1-butylpyrrolidinyl]CH2(4-Me-6-CPh3)C6H2O-] (3)), have been synthesized via reactions of KN(SiMe3)2 and 1 equiv. of the corresponding aminophenols. The solid-state structures of typical complexes 4 and 6 are determined via X-ray diffraction studies, which reveal the dinuclear nature of these complexes. By contrast, DOSY measurements of 1, 4 and 6 suggest that these complexes are monomeric in solution. It is noteworthy that the coordination chemistry of these potassium complexes is versatile, which is closely related to the nature of the ortho-substituent of the phenolate ring, as indicated by the results of the corresponding spectroscopic studies. In the presence of iPrOH, 1-4 and 6 could initiate the polymerization of 500 equiv. of rac-lactide to achieve high monomer conversions within several minutes but afford atactic PLAs with slightly isotactic-enriched microstructures (Pm = 0.58-0.60). Experimental results also demonstrated that a bulky trityl substituent at the ortho-position of the phenolate ring of the ligand framework is beneficial for the enhancement of the activities of these potassium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Soleymani Abyaneh H, Vakili MR, Shafaati A, Lavasanifar A. Block Copolymer Stereoregularity and Its Impact on Polymeric Micellar Nanodrug Delivery. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2487-2502. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Vakili
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Alireza Shafaati
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- School
of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti Univ. of Med. Sci., P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4, Canada
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34
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Domenek S, Fernandes-Nassar S, Ducruet V. Rheology, Mechanical Properties, and Barrier Properties of Poly(lactic acid). SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2016_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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35
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Catalytic Systems for the Production of Poly(lactic acid). SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2017_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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Chile LE, Ebrahimi T, Wong A, Aluthge DC, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. Impact of aryloxy initiators on the living and immortal polymerization of lactide. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6723-6733. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This report describes two different methodologies for the synthesis of aryl end-functionalized poly(lactide)s (PLAs) catalyzed by indium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.-E. Chile
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - T. Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - A. Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - D. C. Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - S. G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - P. Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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37
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Magnesium complexes in diverse coordination patterns supported by tetradentate aminophenolate ligands: Synthesis, characterization and application in the stereocontrolled ring-opening polymerization of rac-LA. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Ebrahimi T, Mamleeva E, Yu I, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. The Role of Nitrogen Donors in Zinc Catalysts for Lactide Ring-Opening Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9445-53. [PMID: 27580374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The electronic effects of nitrogen donors in zinc catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters were investigated. Alkyl and benzyloxy zinc complexes supported by tridentate diamino- and aminoimino phenolate ligands were synthesized, and their solid-state and solution structures characterized. The solution-state structures showed that the alkyl complexes are mononuclear, while the alkoxy complexes are dimeric with the ligands coordinated with different denticities depending on the nature of the ligand donors. The catalytic activities of these compounds toward the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide were studied and showed that catalysts with secondary and imine nitrogen donors are more active than analogues with tertiary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Emiliya Mamleeva
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Savvas G Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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39
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Wang H, Yang Y, Ma H. Exploring Steric Effects in Diastereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Aminophenolate Zinc Complexes and Stereoselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7356-72. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haobing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry
and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Kremer AB, Osten KM, Yu I, Ebrahimi T, Aluthge DC, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinucleating Ligand Platforms Supporting Indium and Zinc Catalysts for Cyclic Ester Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5365-74. [PMID: 27187767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the first alkoxide-bridged indium complex supported by a chiral dinucleating ligand platform (1), along with its zinc analogue (2), is reported. Both complexes are synthesized in a one-pot reaction starting from a chiral dinucleating bis(diamino)phenolate ligand platform, sodium ethoxide, and respective metal salts. The dinucleating indium analogue (7) based on an achiral ligand backbone is also reported. Indium complexes bearing either the chiral or achiral ligand catalyze the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide (rac-LA) to afford highly heterotactic poly(lactic acid) (PLA; Pr > 0.85). The indium complex bearing an achiral ligand affords essentially atactic PLA from meso-LA. The role of the dinucleating ligand structure in catalyst synthesis and polymerization activity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre B Kremer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kimberly M Osten
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dinesh C Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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