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He L, Zhu Z, Qi C. β-Glucan-A promising immunocyte-targeting drug delivery vehicle: Superiority, applications and future prospects. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122252. [PMID: 38823919 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Drug delivery technologies that could convert promising therapeutics into successful therapies have been under broad research for many years. Recently, β-glucans, natural-occurring polysaccharides extracted from many organism species such as yeast, fungi and bacteria, have attracted increasing attention to serve as drug delivery carriers. With their unique structure and innate immunocompetence, β-glucans are considered as promising carriers for targeting delivery especially when applied in the vaccine construction and oral administration of therapeutic agents. In this review, we focus on three types of β-glucans applied in the drug delivery system including yeast β-glucan, Schizophyllan and curdlan, highlighting the benefits of β-glucan based delivery system. We summarize how β-glucans as delivery vehicles have aided various therapeutics ranging from macromolecules including proteins, peptides and nucleic acids to small molecular drugs to reach desired cells or organs in terms of loading strategies. We also outline the challenges and future directions for developing the next generation of β-glucan based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang He
- The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Chunjian Qi
- The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Changzhou 213003, China.
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2
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Tsissios G, Sallese A, Perez-Estrada JR, Tangeman JA, Chen W, Smucker B, Ratvasky SC, Grajales-Esquivel E, Martinez A, Visser KJ, Joven Araus A, Wang H, Simon A, Yun MH, Del Rio-Tsonis K. Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:141. [PMID: 38745238 PMCID: PMC11094960 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that macrophages are present during lens regeneration in newts, but their role in the process is yet to be elucidated. METHODS Here we generated a transgenic reporter line using the newt, Pleurodeles waltl, that traces macrophages during lens regeneration. Furthermore, we assessed early changes in gene expression during lens regeneration using two newt species, Notophthalmus viridescens and Pleurodeles waltl. Finally, we used clodronate liposomes to deplete macrophages during lens regeneration in both species and tested the effect of a subsequent secondary injury after macrophage recovery. RESULTS Macrophage depletion abrogated lens regeneration, induced the formation of scar-like tissue, led to inflammation, decreased iris pigment epithelial cell (iPEC) proliferation, and increased rates of apoptosis in the eye. Some of these phenotypes persisted throughout the last observation period of 100 days and could be attenuated by exogenous FGF2 administration. A distinct transcript profile encoding acute inflammatory effectors was established for the dorsal iris. Reinjury of the newt eye alleviated the effects of macrophage depletion, including the resolution of scar-like tissue, and re-initiated the regeneration process. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings highlight the importance of macrophages for facilitating a pro-regenerative environment in the newt eye by regulating fibrotic responses, modulating the overall inflammatory landscape, and maintaining the proper balance of early proliferation and late apoptosis of the iPECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsissios
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Anthony Sallese
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - J Raul Perez-Estrada
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Jared A Tangeman
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Weihao Chen
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Byran Smucker
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Sophia C Ratvasky
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Erika Grajales-Esquivel
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Arielle Martinez
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly J Visser
- CRTD/ Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alberto Joven Araus
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Wang
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - András Simon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximina H Yun
- CRTD/ Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katia Del Rio-Tsonis
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
- Center for Visual Sciences at, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
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3
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de Macêdo LS, de Pinho SS, Silva AJD, de Moura IA, Espinoza BCF, da Conceição Viana Invenção M, Novis PVS, da Gama MATM, do Nascimento Carvalho M, Leal LRS, Cruz BIS, Bandeira BMA, Santos VEP, de Freitas AC. Understanding yeast shells: structure, properties and applications. ADMET AND DMPK 2024; 12:299-317. [PMID: 38720922 PMCID: PMC11075163 DOI: 10.5599/admet.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The employment of yeasts for biomedical purposes has become increasingly frequent for the delivery of prophylactic and therapeutic products. Its structural components, such as β-glucans, mannan, and chitin, can be explored as immunostimulators that show safety and low toxicity. Besides, this system minimizes antigen degradation after administration, facilitating the delivery to the target cells. Review approach This review sought to present molecules derived from yeast, called yeast shells (YS), and their applications as carrier vehicles for drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids for immunotherapy purposes. Furthermore, due to the diversity of information regarding the production and immunostimulation of these compounds, a survey of the protocols and immune response profiles generated was presented. Key results The use of YS has allowed the development of strategies that combine efficiency and effectiveness in antigen delivery. The capsular structure can be recognized and phagocytized by dendritic cells and macrophages. In addition, the combination with different molecules, such as nanoparticles or even additional adjuvants, improves the cargo loading, enhancing the system. Activation by specific immune pathways can also be achieved by different administration routes. Conclusion Yeast derivatives combined in different ways can increase immunostimulation, enhancing the delivery of medicines and vaccine antigens. These aspects, combined with the simplicity of the production steps, make these strategies more accessible to be applied in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Carlos de Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy - LEMTE; Department of Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco; Pernambuco - Recife 50670-901, Brazil
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4
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Tsissios G, Sallese A, Perez-Estrada JR, Tangeman JA, Chen W, Smucker B, Ratvasky SC, Grajales-Esquive EL, Martinez A, Visser KJ, Araus AJ, Wang H, Simon A, Yun MH, Rio-Tsonis KD. Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3603645. [PMID: 38045376 PMCID: PMC10690311 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3603645/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicated that macrophages play a role during lens regeneration in newts, but their function has not been tested experimentally. Methods Here we generated a transgenic newt reporter line in which macrophages can be visualized in vivo. Using this new tool, we analyzed the location of macrophages during lens regeneration. We uncovered early gene expression changes using bulk RNAseq in two newt species, Notophthalmus viridescens and Pleurodeles waltl. Next, we used clodronate liposomes to deplete macrophages, which inhibited lens regeneration in both newt species. Results Macrophage depletion induced the formation of scar-like tissue, an increased and sustained inflammatory response, an early decrease in iris pigment epithelial cell (iPEC) proliferation and a late increase in apoptosis. Some of these phenotypes persisted for at least 100 days and could be rescued by exogenous FGF2. Re-injury alleviated the effects of macrophage depletion and re-started the regeneration process. Conclusions Together, our findings highlight the importance of macrophages in facilitating a pro-regenerative environment in the newt eye, helping to resolve fibrosis, modulating the overall inflammatory landscape and maintaining the proper balance of early proliferation and late apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maximina H Yun
- Dresden University of Technology: Technische Universitat Dresden
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5
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Tsissios G, Sallese A, Perez-Estrada JR, Tangeman JA, Chen W, Smucker B, Ratvasky SC, Grajales-Esquivel E, Martinez A, Visser KJ, Araus AJ, Wang H, Simon A, Yun MH, Rio-Tsonis KD. Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.04.543633. [PMID: 37333184 PMCID: PMC10274724 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.04.543633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that macrophages play a role during lens regeneration in newts, but their function has not been tested experimentally. Here we generated a transgenic newt reporter line in which macrophages can be visualized in vivo. Using this new tool, we analyzed the location of macrophages during lens regeneration. We uncovered early gene expression changes using bulk RNAseq in two newt species, Notophthalmus viridescens and Pleurodeles waltl. Next, we used clodronate liposomes to deplete macrophages, which inhibited lens regeneration in both newt species. Macrophage depletion induced the formation of scar-like tissue, an increased and sustained inflammatory response, an early decrease in iris pigment epithelial cell (iPEC) proliferation and a late increase in apoptosis. Some of these phenotypes persisted for at least 100 days and could be rescued by exogenous FGF2. Re-injury alleviated the effects of macrophage depletion and re-started the regeneration process. Together, our findings highlight the importance of macrophages in facilitating a pro-regenerative environment in the newt eye, helping to resolve fibrosis, modulating the overall inflammatory landscape and maintaining the proper balance of early proliferation and late apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsissios
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Anthony Sallese
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - J Raul Perez-Estrada
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Jared A Tangeman
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Weihao Chen
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Byran Smucker
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Sophia C Ratvasky
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Erika Grajales-Esquivel
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Arielle Martinez
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly J Visser
- CRTD Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alberto Joven Araus
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Wang
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Andras Simon
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximina H Yun
- CRTD Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katia Del Rio-Tsonis
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Center for Visual Sciences at Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
- Cellular Molecular and Structural Biology Program, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
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6
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Soto ER, Specht CA, Lee CK, Levitz SM, Ostroff GR. One Step Purification-Vaccine Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051390. [PMID: 37242632 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucan particles (GPs) are hollow, porous 3-5 µm microspheres derived from the cell walls of Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Their 1,3-β-glucan outer shell allows for receptor-mediated uptake by macrophages and other phagocytic innate immune cells expressing β-glucan receptors. GPs have been used for the targeted delivery of a wide range of payloads, including vaccines and nanoparticles, encapsulated inside the hollow cavity of GPs. In this paper, we describe the methods to prepare GP-encapsulated nickel nanoparticles (GP-Ni) for the binding of histidine (His)-tagged proteins. His-tagged Cda2 cryptococcal antigens were used as payloads to demonstrate the efficacy of this new GP vaccine encapsulation approach. The GP-Ni-Cda2 vaccine was shown to be comparable to our previous approach utilizing mouse serum albumin (MSA) and yeast RNA trapping of Cda2 in GPs in a mouse infection model. This novel GP-Ni approach allows for the one-step binding of His-tagged vaccine antigens and encapsulation in an effective delivery vehicle to target vaccines to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), antigen discovery, and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto R Soto
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Charles A Specht
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Chrono K Lee
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Stuart M Levitz
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Gary R Ostroff
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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7
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Yawalkar AN, Pawar MA, Vavia PR. Microspheres for targeted drug delivery- A review on recent applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Tan Y, Chen L, Li K, Lou B, Liu Y, Liu Z. Yeast as carrier for drug delivery and vaccine construction. J Control Release 2022; 346:358-379. [PMID: 35483637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Yeast has been employed as an effective derived drug carrier as a unicellular microorganism. Many research works have been devoted to the encapsulation of nucleic acid compounds, insoluble small molecule drugs, small molecules, liposomes, polymers, and various nanoparticles in yeast for the treatment of disease. Recombinant yeast-based vaccine carriers (WYV) have played a major role in the development of vaccines. Herein, the latest reports on the application of yeast carriers and the development of related research are summarized, a conceptual description of gastrointestinal absorption of yeast carriers, as well as the various package forms of different drug molecules and nanoparticles in yeast carriers are introduced. In addition, the advantages and development of recombinant yeast vaccine carriers for the disease, veterinary and aquaculture applications are discussed. Moreover, the current challenges and future directions of yeast carriers are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Beibei Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Zhenbao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China; Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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9
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Tarab-Ravski D, Stotsky-Oterin L, Peer D. Delivery strategies of RNA therapeutics to leukocytes. J Control Release 2022; 342:362-371. [PMID: 35041904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing RNA-based therapeutics for cancer, inflammation, and viral diseases is hindered by poor delivery of therapeutic RNA molecules. Targeting leukocytes to treat these conditions holds great promise, as they are key participants in their initiation, drug response, and treatment. The various extra- and intra-cellular obstacles that impediment the clinical implementation of therapeutic RNA can be overcome by utilizing drug delivery systems. However, delivery of therapeutic RNA to leukocytes poses an even greater challenge as these cells are difficult to reach and transfect upon systemic administration. This review briefly describes the existing successful delivery strategies that efficiently target leukocytes in vivo and discuss their potential clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Tarab-Ravski
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Stotsky-Oterin
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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10
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Šalamúnová P, Saloň I, Ruphuy G, Kroupová J, Balouch M, Hanuš J, Štěpánek F. Evaluation of β-glucan particles as dual-function carriers for poorly soluble drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 168:15-25. [PMID: 34411641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Yeast glucan particles are porous polysaccharide cell walls extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Being mildly immunogenic, they are efficiently phagocytosed and have therefore been proposed as possible vehicles for drug delivery. Using curcumin as a model poorly water-soluble drug, a systematic comparison of three different physical loading methods - incipient wetness impregnation, slurry evaporation, and spray drying - was carried out and their influence on the particle morphology, encapsulation efficiency, amorphous drug content and release kinetics was evaluated. It was found that yeast glucan particles can contain up to 30% wt. of curcumin in the amorphous form when prepared by slurry evaporation. The dissolution of curcumin from glucan particles lead to a supersaturated solution in asimilar way as amorphous solid dispersions do, despite the fact that glucan particles themselves do not dissolve. Bi-phasic dissolution tests revealed up to 4-fold acceleration of curcumin dissolution rate from amorphous glucan particles compared to its crystalline form. Crucially, glucan particles were shown to retain the ability to be recognised and phagocytosed even after drug encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Šalamúnová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Saloň
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Ruphuy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Kroupová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Balouch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Hanuš
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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11
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Liu J, Ting JP, Al-Azzam S, Ding Y, Afshar S. Therapeutic Advances in Diabetes, Autoimmune, and Neurological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062805. [PMID: 33802091 PMCID: PMC8001105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2015, 170 small molecules, 60 antibody-based entities, 12 peptides, and 15 gene- or cell-therapies have been approved by FDA for diverse disease indications. Recent advancement in medicine is facilitated by identification of new targets and mechanisms of actions, advancement in discovery and development platforms, and the emergence of novel technologies. Early disease detection, precision intervention, and personalized treatments have revolutionized patient care in the last decade. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current and emerging therapeutic modalities developed in the recent years. We focus on nine diseases in three major therapeutics areas, diabetes, autoimmune, and neurological disorders. The pathogenesis of each disease at physiological and molecular levels is discussed and recently approved drugs as well as drugs in the clinic are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsha Liu
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (J.L.); (J.P.T.); (Y.D.)
| | - Joey Paolo Ting
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (J.L.); (J.P.T.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shams Al-Azzam
- Professional Scientific Services, Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Lancaster, PA 17605, USA;
| | - Yun Ding
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (J.L.); (J.P.T.); (Y.D.)
| | - Sepideh Afshar
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (J.L.); (J.P.T.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Luo J, Weaver MS, Fitzgibbons TP, Aouadi M, Czech MP, Allen MD. Immunotherapy for Infarcts: In Vivo Postinfarction Macrophage Modulation Using Intramyocardial Microparticle Delivery of Map4k4 Small Interfering RNA. Biores Open Access 2020; 9:258-268. [PMID: 33376632 PMCID: PMC7757732 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2020.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloid cells infiltrating the heart early after acute myocardial infarction elaborate a secretome that largely orchestrates subsequent ventricular wall repair. Regulating this innate immune response could be a means to improve infarct healing. To pilot this concept, we utilized (β1,3-d-) glucan-encapsulated small interfering RNA (siRNA)-containing particles (GeRPs), targeting mononuclear phagocytes, delivered to mice as a one-time intramyocardial injection immediately after acute infarction. Findings demonstrated that cardiac macrophages phagocytosed GeRPs in vivo and had little systemic dissemination, thus providing a means to deliver local therapeutics. Acute infarcts were then injected in vivo with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; vehicle) or GeRPs loaded with siRNA to Map4k4, and excised hearts were examined at 3 and 7 days by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and histology. Compared with infarcted PBS-treated hearts, hearts with intrainfarct injections of siRNA-loaded GeRPs exhibited 69–89% reductions in transcripts for Map4k4 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4), interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α at 3 days. Expression of other factors relevant to matrix remodeling—monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinases, hyaluronan synthases, matricellular proteins, and profibrotic factors transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)—were also decreased. Most effects peaked at 3 days, but, in some instances (Map4k4, IL-1β, TGF-β, CTGF, versican, and periostin), suppression persisted to 7 days. Thus, direct intramyocardial GeRP injection could serve as a novel and clinically translatable platform for in vivo RNA delivery to intracardiac macrophages for local and selective immunomodulation of the infarct microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew S Weaver
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy P Fitzgibbons
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Myriam Aouadi
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margaret D Allen
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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13
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Plavcová Z, Šalamúnová P, Saloň I, Štěpánek F, Hanuš J, Hošek J. Curcumin encapsulation in yeast glucan particles promotes its anti-inflammatory potential in vitro. Int J Pharm 2019; 568:118532. [PMID: 31323374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucan particles (GPs) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae are hollow shells that are composed mainly of β-1,3-d-glucan, which has demonstrated immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential both in vitro and in vivo. Curcumin is a natural hydrophobic phenolic compound, which possesses a significant anti-inflammatory effect and is used as supportive therapy in the treatment of many inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible synergic effect and other benefits of the co-application of GPs and curcumin in the form of pharmaceutical composites. GP/curcumin composites were prepared using controlled evaporation of the organic solvent and their anti-oxidative effect and anti-inflammatory potential were tested on THP1‑XBlue™‑MD2‑CD14 human monocytes cell line. The anti-oxidative effect was measured on pyocyanin-stimulated cells in vitro and the NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathway on lipopolysaccharide pre-treated monocytes was chosen for anti-inflammatory assays. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β was evaluated as well. Results mostly showed a pro-oxidative activity of empty GPs, however, pharmaceutical composites demonstrated an anti-oxidative effect. The activity of NF-κB/AP-1 was substantially decreased by the tested GP/curcumin composites, which also caused the attenuation of cytokines secretion. The obtained results indicate a beneficial effect of the incorporation of curcumin into GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Plavcová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Šalamúnová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Saloň
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Hanuš
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Hošek
- Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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14
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Janssens Y, Wynendaele E, Vanden Berghe W, De Spiegeleer B. Peptides as epigenetic modulators: therapeutic implications. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:101. [PMID: 31300053 PMCID: PMC6624906 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides originating from different sources (endogenous, food derived, environmental, and synthetic) are able to influence different aspects of epigenetic regulation. Endogenous short peptides, resulting from proteolytic cleavage of proteins or upon translation of non-annotated out of frame transcripts, can block DNA methylation and hereby regulate gene expression. Peptides entering the body by digestion of food-related proteins can modulate DNA methylation and/or histone acetylation while environmental peptides, synthesized by bacteria, fungi, and marine sponges, mainly inhibit histone deacetylation. In addition, synthetic peptides that reverse or inhibit different epigenetic modifications of both histones and the DNA can be developed as well. Next to these DNA and histone modifications, peptides can also influence the expression of non-coding RNAs such as lncRNAs and the maturation of miRNAs. Seen the advantages over small molecules, the development of peptide therapeutics is an interesting approach to treat diseases with a strong epigenetic basis like cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. To date, only a limited number of drugs with a proven epigenetic mechanism of action have been approved by the FDA of which two (romidepsin and nesiritide) are peptides. A large knowledge gap concerning epigenetic effects of peptides is present, and this class of molecules deserves more attention in the development as epigenetic modulators. In addition, none of the currently approved peptide drugs are under investigation for their potential effects on epigenetics, hampering drug repositioning of these peptides to other indications with an epigenetic etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Janssens
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Science, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Gu Y, Xu C, Wang Y, Zhou X, Fang L, Cao F. Multifunctional Nanocomposites Based on Liposomes and Layered Double Hydroxides Conjugated with Glycylsarcosine for Efficient Topical Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2845-2857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
- Parexel China Co., Ltd., No.488, Middle Yincheng Road, Pudong, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiangying Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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16
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Yarian F, Alibakhshi A, Eyvazi S, Arezumand R, Ahangarzadeh S. Antibody-drug therapeutic conjugates: Potential of antibody-siRNAs in cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16724-16738. [PMID: 30908646 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Codelivery is a promising strategy of targeted delivery of cytotoxic drugs for eradicating tumor cells. This rapidly growing method of drug delivery uses a conjugate containing drug linked to a smart carrier. Both two parts usually have therapeutic properties on the tumor cells. Monoclonal antibodies and their derivatives, such as Fab, scFv, and bsAb due to targeting high potent have now been attractive candidates as drug targeting carrier systems. The success of some therapeutic agents like small interfering RNA (siRNA), a small noncoding RNAs, with having problems such as enzymatic degradation and rapid renal filtration need to an appropriate carrier. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the recent enhancements in development of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), especially antibody-siRNA conjugates (SRCs), its characterizations and mechanisms in innovative cancer therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yarian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghaye Arezumand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Science, North Khorasan University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Ahangarzadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Blaszczak AM, Wright VP, Anandani K, Liu J, Jalilvand A, Bergin S, Nicoloro SM, Czech MP, Lafuse W, Deng T, Bradley D, Hsueh WA. Loss of Antigen Presentation in Adipose Tissue Macrophages or in Adipocytes, but Not Both, Improves Glucose Metabolism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2451-2459. [PMID: 30850480 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages, B cells, and adipocytes are among the adipose tissue (AT) APCs that differentiate and activate naive CD4+ T cells. Mice with adipocyte loss of MHC class II (MHC II) are more insulin sensitive. Because macrophages are professional APCs, mice with genetic myeloid MHC II depletion (myeloid MHC II knockout [mMHCII-/-]) were created and metabolically characterized. FITC+ glucan-coated particles (glucan-encapsulated small interfering RNA [siRNA] particles [GeRPs]) were also used to target MHC II knockout specifically in AT macrophages (ATMs). Mice with total body mMHCII-/- were generated by crossing LyzMCre with H2Ab1 floxed mice. For specific ATM depletion of H2Ab1, GeRPs containing H2Ab1 siRNA were administered to high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice. Unexpectedly, mMHCII-/- mice had loss of both macrophage and adipocyte H2Ab1, one of only two Ag-presenting arms; thus, neither cell could present Ag and activate CD4+ T cells. This inability led to a reduction in AT immunosuppressive regulatory T cells, increased AT CD8+ T cells, and no improvement in systemic metabolism. Thus, with combined systemic myeloid and adipocyte MHC II loss, the impact of ATM-specific alterations in APC activity could not be delineated. Therefore, GeRPs containing H2Ab1 siRNA were administered to specifically reduce ATM H2Ab1 which, in contrast, revealed improved glucose tolerance. In conclusion, loss of either ATM or adipocyte APC function, but not both, improves systemic glucose metabolism because of maintenance of AT regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alecia M Blaszczak
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Valerie P Wright
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Kajol Anandani
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Joey Liu
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Anahita Jalilvand
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Stephen Bergin
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sarah M Nicoloro
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - William Lafuse
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Tuo Deng
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David Bradley
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210;
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18
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Bajgar A, Saloň I, Krejčová G, Doležal T, Jindra M, Štěpánek F. Yeast glucan particles enable intracellular protein delivery in Drosophila without compromising the immune system. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4708-4719. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00539k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Glucan particles spread through the whole organism quickly, accumulate in sites of macrophage occurrence and can deliver cargo into the macrophages with a negligible effect on immune response activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bajgar
- University of South Bohemia
- Faculty of Sciences
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
- 37005 České Budějovice
- Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Saloň
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- 166 28 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Krejčová
- University of South Bohemia
- Faculty of Sciences
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
- 37005 České Budějovice
- Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Doležal
- University of South Bohemia
- Faculty of Sciences
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
- 37005 České Budějovice
- Czech Republic
| | - Marek Jindra
- Biology Centre CAS
- Institute of Entomology
- 37005 České Budějovice
- Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- 166 28 Prague
- Czech Republic
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19
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Shen Y, Cohen JL, Nicoloro SM, Kelly M, Yenilmez B, Henriques F, Tsagkaraki E, Edwards YJK, Hu X, Friedline RH, Kim JK, Czech MP. CRISPR-delivery particles targeting nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 ( Nrip1) in adipose cells to enhance energy expenditure. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17291-17305. [PMID: 30190322 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-guided, engineered nucleases derived from the prokaryotic adaptive immune system CRISPR-Cas represent a powerful platform for gene deletion and editing. When used as a therapeutic approach, direct delivery of Cas9 protein and single-guide RNA (sgRNA) could circumvent the safety issues associated with plasmid delivery and therefore represents an attractive tool for precision genome engineering. Gene deletion or editing in adipose tissue to enhance its energy expenditure, fatty acid oxidation, and secretion of bioactive factors through a "browning" process presents a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate metabolic disease. Here, we developed "CRISPR-delivery particles," denoted CriPs, composed of nano-size complexes of Cas9 protein and sgRNA that are coated with an amphipathic peptide called Endo-Porter that mediates entry into cells. Efficient CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene deletion of ectopically expressed GFP by CriPs was achieved in multiple cell types, including a macrophage cell line, primary macrophages, and primary pre-adipocytes. Significant GFP loss was also observed in peritoneal exudate cells with minimum systemic toxicity in GFP-expressing mice following intraperitoneal injection of CriPs containing Gfp-targeting sgRNA. Furthermore, disruption of a nuclear co-repressor of catabolism, the Nrip1 gene, in white adipocytes by CriPs enhanced adipocyte browning with a marked increase of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Of note, the CriP-mediated Nrip1 deletion did not produce detectable off-target effects. We conclude that CriPs offer an effective Cas9 and sgRNA delivery system for ablating targeted gene products in cultured cells and in vivo, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Kelly
- From the Program in Molecular Medicine and
| | | | | | - Emmanouela Tsagkaraki
- From the Program in Molecular Medicine and.,the Molecular Basis of Human Disease Graduate Program, School of Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion, Crete 71003, Greece
| | | | - Xiaodi Hu
- the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605 and
| | - Randall H Friedline
- the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605 and
| | - Jason K Kim
- From the Program in Molecular Medicine and.,the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605 and
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20
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Ren T, Gou J, Sun W, Tao X, Tan X, Wang P, Zhang Y, He H, Yin T, Tang X. Entrapping of Nanoparticles in Yeast Cell Wall Microparticles for Macrophage-Targeted Oral Delivery of Cabazitaxel. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2870-2882. [PMID: 29863879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a nano-in-micro carrier was constructed by loading polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) into porous and hollow yeast cell wall microparticles (YPs) for macrophage-targeted oral delivery of cabazitaxel (CTX). The YPs, primarily composed of natural β-1,3-d-glucan, can be recognized by the apical membrane receptor, dectin-1, which has a high expression on macrophages and intestinal M cells. By combining electrostatic force-driven self-deposition with solvent hydration/lyophilization methods, the positively charged NPs loaded with CTX or fluorescence probes were efficiently packaged into YPs, as verified by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force mircoscope (AFM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images. NP-loaded YPs (NYPs) showed a slower in vitro drug release and higher drug stability compared with NPs in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. Biodistribution experiments confirmed a widespread distribution and extended retention time of NYPs in the intestinal tract after oral administration. Importantly, a large amount of NYPs were primarily accumulated and transported in the intestinal Peyer's patches as visualized in distribution and absorption site studies, implying that NYPs were mainly absorbed through the lymphatic pathway. In vitro cell evaluation further demonstrated that NYPs were rapidly and efficiently taken up by macrophages via receptor dectin-1-mediated endocytosis using a mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. As expected, in the study of in vivo pharmacokinetics, the oral bioavailability of CTX was improved to 32.1% when loaded in NYPs, which is approximately 5.7 times higher than that of the CTX solution, indicating the NYPs are efficient for oral targeted delivery. Hence, this nano-in-micro carrier is believed to become a hopeful alternative strategy for increasing the oral absorption of small molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Wanxiao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Tao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Xinyi Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Puxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 Liaoning , PR China
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21
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Hepatocyte-secreted DPP4 in obesity promotes adipose inflammation and insulin resistance. Nature 2018; 555:673-677. [PMID: 29562231 DOI: 10.1038/nature26138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced metabolic disease involves functional integration among several organs via circulating factors, but little is known about crosstalk between liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In obesity, VAT becomes populated with inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). In obese humans, there is a close correlation between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, and in obese mice, blocking systemic or ATM inflammation improves insulin sensitivity. However, processes that promote pathological adipose tissue inflammation in obesity are incompletely understood. Here we show that obesity in mice stimulates hepatocytes to synthesize and secrete dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which acts with plasma factor Xa to inflame ATMs. Silencing expression of DPP4 in hepatocytes suppresses inflammation of VAT and insulin resistance; however, a similar effect is not seen with the orally administered DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin. Inflammation and insulin resistance are also suppressed by silencing expression of caveolin-1 or PAR2 in ATMs; these proteins mediate the actions of DPP4 and factor Xa, respectively. Thus, hepatocyte DPP4 promotes VAT inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity, and targeting this pathway may have metabolic benefits that are distinct from those observed with oral DPP4 inhibitors.
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22
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Breitenbach BB, Schmid I, Wich PR. Amphiphilic Polysaccharide Block Copolymers for pH-Responsive Micellar Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2839-2848. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B. Breitenbach
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg
5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ira Schmid
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg
5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R. Wich
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg
5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Targeted Delivery of Glucan Particle Encapsulated Gallium Nanoparticles Inhibits HIV Growth in Human Macrophages. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2016; 2016:8520629. [PMID: 27965897 PMCID: PMC5124674 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8520629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucan particles (GPs) are hollow, porous 3–5 μm microspheres derived from the cell walls of Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The 1,3-β-glucan outer shell provides for receptor-mediated uptake by phagocytic cells expressing β-glucan receptors. GPs have been used for macrophage-targeted delivery of a wide range of payloads (DNA, siRNA, protein, small molecules, and nanoparticles) encapsulated inside the hollow GPs or bound to the surface of chemically derivatized GPs. Gallium nanoparticles have been proposed as an inhibitory agent against HIV infection. Here, macrophage targeting of gallium using GPs provides for more efficient delivery of gallium and inhibition of HIV infection in macrophages compared to free gallium nanoparticles.
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24
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Wang H, Wan G, Liu Y, Chen B, Chen H, Zhang S, Wang D, Xiong Q, Zhang N, Wang Y. Dual-responsive nanoparticles based on oxidized pullulan and a disulfide-containing poly(β-amino) ester for efficient delivery of genes and chemotherapeutic agents targeting hepatoma. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A dual-responsive nanoparticle system was designed for the efficient delivery of genes and chemotherapeutic agents through polymer degradation responding orderly to the tumor intracellular pH and redox state.
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