1
|
Ismail I, Moussaoui R, Vacheresse R, Marchenko T, Travnikova O, Guillemin R, Verma A, Velasquez N, Peng D, Ringuenet H, Penent F, Püttner R, Céolin D, Rueff JP, Simon M. MOSARIX: Multi-crystal spectrometer in the tender x-ray range at SOLEIL synchrotron. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:053103. [PMID: 38758768 DOI: 10.1063/5.0199230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
We have built and commissioned a novel standalone multi-crystal x-ray spectrometer (MOSARIX) in the von Hamos configuration based on highly annealed pyrolytic graphite crystals. The spectrometer is optimized for the energy range of 2-5 keV, but this range can be extended up to 20 keV by using higher reflection orders. With its nine crystals and a Pilatus detector, MOSARIX achieves exceptional detection efficiency with good resolving power (better than 4000), opening the door to study small cross section phenomena and perform fast in situ measurements. The spectrometer operates under a He atmosphere, which provides a flexible sample environment for measurements in gas, liquid, and solid phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iyas Ismail
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Roba Moussaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Régis Vacheresse
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Marchenko
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Oksana Travnikova
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Renaud Guillemin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Velasquez
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Dawei Peng
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Hugues Ringuenet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Francis Penent
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Ralph Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Rueff
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Marc Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, CNRS, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu F, Lu W, Huang J, Pimenta V, Boles S, Demir-Cakan R, Tarascon JM. Detangling electrolyte chemical dynamics in lithium sulfur batteries by operando monitoring with optical resonance combs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7350. [PMID: 37963861 PMCID: PMC10645864 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Challenges in enabling next-generation rechargeable batteries with lower cost, higher energy density, and longer cycling life stem not only from combining appropriate materials, but from optimally using cell components. One-size-fits-all approaches to operational cycling and monitoring are limited in improving sustainability if they cannot utilize and capture essential chemical dynamics and states of electrodes and electrolytes. Herein we describe and show how the use of tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) sensors to track, via the monitoring of both temperature and refractive index metrics, electrolyte-electrode coupled changes that fundamentally control lithium sulfur batteries. Through quantitative sensing of the sulfur concentration in the electrolyte, we demonstrate that the nucleation pathway and crystallization of Li2S and sulfur govern the cycling performance. With this technique, a critical milestone is achieved, not only towards developing chemistry-wise cells (in terms of smart battery sensing leading to improved safety and health diagnostics), but further towards demonstrating that the coupling of sensing and cycling can revitalize known cell chemistries and break open new directions for their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Liu
- Collège de France, Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie-UMR 8260 CNRS, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)-FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France
| | - Wenqing Lu
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Vanessa Pimenta
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Steven Boles
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rezan Demir-Cakan
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey.
| | - Jean-Marie Tarascon
- Collège de France, Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie-UMR 8260 CNRS, Paris, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E)-FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France.
- Sorbonne Université-Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie Paris (UPMC), Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Samal B, Voora VK. Modeling Nonresonant X-ray Emission of Second- and Third-Period Elements without Core-Hole Reference States and Empirical Parameters. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:7272-7285. [PMID: 36350224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nonresonant X-ray emission (XE) energies and oscillator strengths are obtained using the effective potential of the generalized Kohn-Sham semi-canonical projected random phase approximation (GKS-spRPA) method. XE energies are estimated as a difference between the valence and core ionization eigenvalues, while the oscillator strengths are obtained within a frozen orbital approximation. This straightforward approach provides accurate XE energies without any need for core-hole reference states, empirical shifting parameters, or tuning of density functionals. To account for relativistic corrections to the core orbitals, we have formulated a scalar relativistic (sr) GKS-spRPA approach based on the spin-free X2C one-electron Hamiltonian. The sr-GKS-spRPA method provides highly reliable XE energies using uncontracted basis-sets on atoms where the core-hole is created prior to emission. For the largest basis-sets used in our study, using completely uncontracted polarized core-valence Dunning basis-sets, the mean absolute errors (MAEs) are within 0.7 eV compared to experimental reference values for a test-set consisting of 27 valence-to-core XE energies of molecules with second- and third-period elements. Considering a balance of accuracy and computational effort, we recommend the use of s-uncontracted def2-TZVP for second-period and all-uncontracted def2-TZVP for third-period elements. For this recommended basis-set, the MAE is 0.2 eV. The analytically continued sr-GKS-spRPA approach, with an O(N4) computational cost, enables efficient computation of XE spectra of molecules such as S8 and C60 with several core-hole states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Samal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai400005, India
| | - Vamsee K Voora
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai400005, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rajh A, Arčon I, Bučar K, Žitnik M, Petric M, Vizintin A, Bitenc J, Košir U, Dominko R, Gretarsson H, Sundermann M, Kavčič M. Characterization of Electrochemical Processes in Metal-Organic Batteries by X-ray Raman Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:5435-5442. [PMID: 35392436 PMCID: PMC8978279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS) is an emerging spectroscopic technique that utilizes inelastic scattering of hard X-rays to study X-ray absorption edges of low Z elements in bulk material. It was used to identify and quantify the amount of carbonyl bonds in a cathode sample, in order to track the redox reaction inside metal-organic batteries during the charge/discharge cycle. XRS was used to record the oxygen K-edge absorption spectra of organic polymer cathodes from different multivalent metal-organic batteries. The amount of carbonyl bond in each sample was determined by modeling the oxygen K-edge XRS spectra with the linear combination of two reference compounds that mimicked the fully charged and the fully discharged phases of the battery. To interpret experimental XRS spectra, theoretical calculations of oxygen K-edge absorption spectra based on density functional theory were performed. Overall, a good agreement between the amount of carbonyl bond present during different stages of battery cycle, calculated from linear combination of standards, and the amount obtained from electrochemical characterization based on measured capacity was achieved. The electrochemical mechanism in all studied batteries was confirmed to be a reduction of double carbonyl bond and the intermediate anion was identified with the help of theoretical calculations. X-ray Raman spectroscopy of the oxygen K-edge was shown to be a viable characterization technique for accurate tracking of the redox reaction inside metal-organic batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ava Rajh
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and
Physics, Jadranska ulica
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Arčon
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Bučar
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and
Physics, Jadranska ulica
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Žitnik
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and
Physics, Jadranska ulica
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Petric
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Zagreb, Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, Hallerova aleja 7, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Alen Vizintin
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Bitenc
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Košir
- University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry
and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Dominko
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hlynur Gretarsson
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Sundermann
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matjaž Kavčič
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and
Physics, Jadranska ulica
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Petric M, Rajh A, Vizintin A, Talian SD, Dominko R, Kavčič M. Sulfur valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy study of lithium sulfur batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7573-7576. [PMID: 34250987 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, valence-to-core (VtC) Kβ sulfur X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) was used to perform quantitative analysis of different sulfur compounds produced in a lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery during discharge. The analysis is based on the theoretical sulfur Kβ XES spectra obtained from ab initio quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory. The emphasis is given to the Kβ sulfur XES spectra of the polysulfide molecules (Li2Sx, x = 2,,8) produced electrochemically within the Li-S battery. Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations are used further to calculate also the Kβ spectra of Li2Sx dissolved in a model solvent. Calculated spectra were directly compared with the experimental ones collected with a Johansson type tender XES spectrometer on laboratory synthesized Li2Sx reference standards and pre-cycled battery cathodes. These results demonstrate that sulfur VtC XES can be used effectively to quantitatively analyze electrochemical sulfur conversion, also in a smaller laboratory without the need for large scale synchrotron facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Petric
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia. and Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Hallerova aleja 7, VaraŽdin HR-42000, Croatia
| | - Ava Rajh
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia. and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Alen Vizintin
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | | | - Robert Dominko
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - MatjaŽ Kavčič
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia. and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|