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Zhang T, Sun X, Chen X, Chen W, Tang H, Li CY. Intelligent near-infrared light-activatable DNA machine with DNA wire nano-scaffold-integrated fast domino-like driving amplification for high-performance imaging in live biological samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 259:116412. [PMID: 38795498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
While there is significant potential for DNA machine-built enzyme-free fluorescence biosensors in the imaging analysis of live biological samples, they persist certain shortcomings. These encompass a deficiency of signal enrichment within a singular interface, uncontrolled premature activation during bio-delivery, and a slow reaction rate due to free nucleic acid collisions. In this contribution, we are committed to resolving the above challenges. Firstly, a single-interface-integrated domino-like driving amplification is constructed. In this conception, a specific target acts as the domino promotor (namely the energy source), initiating a cascading chain reaction that grafts onto a singular interface. Next, an 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light-excited up-converting luminescence-induced light-activatable biosensing technique is introduced. By locking the target-specific identification segment with a photo-cleavage connector, the up-converted ultraviolet emission can activate target binding in a completely controlled manner. Moreover, a fast reaction rate is achieved by confining nucleic acid collisions within the surface of a DNA wire nano-scaffold, leading to a substantial enhancement in local contact concentration (30.8-fold increase, alongside a 15 times elevation in rate). When a non-coding microRNA (miRNA-221) is positioned as the model low-abundance target for proof-of-concept validation, our intelligent DNA machine demonstrates ultra-high sensitivity (with a limit of detection down to 62.65 fM) and good specificity for this hepatic malignant tumor-associated biomarker in solution detection. Going further, it is worth highlighting that the biosensing system can be employed to carry out high-performance imaging analysis in live bio-samples (ranging from the cellular level to the nude mouse body), thereby propelling the field of DNA machines in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Weilin Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Hongwu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yu Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, PR China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Wu B, Liu D, Chen Y, Xu Y, Fu L, Lin Z, Wu G, Huang F. Targeting HIF-1α with Specific DNA Yokes for Effective Anticancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2401087. [PMID: 38696899 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a ubiquitous hallmark in cancer, underscores the significance of targeting HIF-1α, the principal transcriptional factor of hypoxic responses, for effective cancer therapy. Herein, DNA yokes, a novel class of DNA nanomaterials harboring specific HIF-1α binding sequences (hypoxia response elements, HREs), are introduced as nanopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. Comprising a basal tetrahedral DNA nanostructure and four HRE-bearing overhanging chains, DNA yokes exhibit exceptional stability and prolonged intracellular retention. The investigation reveals their capacity to bind HIF-1α, thereby disrupting its interaction with the downstream genomic DNAs and impeding transcriptional activity. Moreover, DNA yokes facilitate HIF-1α degradation via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby sequestering it from downstream targets and ultimately promoting its degradation. In addition, DNA yokes attenuate cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion under hypoxic conditions, while also displaying preferential accumulation within tumors, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. This study pioneers a novel approach to cancer therapy through the development of DNA-based drugs characterized by high stability and low toxicity to normal cells, positioning DNA yokes as promising candidates for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Danqing Liu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Yanfang Xu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Lengxi Fu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Gui Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China
- Central Laboratory, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
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3
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Huang J, Chakraborty A, Tadepalli LS, Paul A. Adoption of a Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure as a Multifunctional Biomaterial for Drug Delivery. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2204-2214. [PMID: 39144555 PMCID: PMC11320733 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures have been widely researched in recent years as emerging biomedical materials for drug delivery, biosensing, and cancer therapy, in addition to their hereditary function. Multiple precisely designed single-strand DNAs can be fabricated into complex, three-dimensional DNA nanostructures through a simple self-assembly process. Among all of the synthetic DNA nanostructures, tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) stand out as the most promising biomedical nanomaterial. TDNs possess the merits of structural stability, cell membrane permeability, and natural biocompatibility due to their compact structures and DNA origin. In addition to their inherent advantages, TDNs were shown to have great potential in delivering therapeutic agents through multiple functional modifications. As a multifunctional material, TDNs have enabled innovative pharmaceutical applications, including antimicrobial therapy, anticancer treatment, immune modulation, and cartilage regeneration. Given the rapid development of TDNs in the biomedical field, it is critical to understand how to successfully produce and fine-tune the properties of TDNs for specific therapeutic needs and clinical translation. This article provides insights into the synthesis and functionalization of TDNs and summarizes the approaches for TDN-based therapeutics delivery as well as their broad applications in the field of pharmaceutics and nanomedicine, challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Aishik Chakraborty
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Collaborative
Specialization in Musculoskeletal Health Research and Bone and Joint
Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Suchitra Tadepalli
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Arghya Paul
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- School of
Biomedical Engineering, The University of
Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Collaborative
Specialization in Musculoskeletal Health Research and Bone and Joint
Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Western
Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
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Yan D, Huang C, Ouyang W, Hu J, Liu Z. Unleashing Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Dry Eye: Targeting ROS and the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway with Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400198. [PMID: 39073031 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye affects majority of the global population, causing significant discomfort or even visual impairment, of which inflammation plays a crucial role in the deterioration process. This highlights the need for effective and safe anti-inflammatory treatments to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the potential of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA), a self-assembled nucleic acid material, as a simple and rapid treatment for oxidative stress and inflammation-induced disorders associated with dry eye. Mechanistically, tFNA is found to effectively alleviate dry eye damage by promoting corneal epithelial healing, restoring goblet cell function, and facilitating tear secretion recovery. Through RNA-seq analysis, it is observed that tFNA treatment normalizes the expression levels of most genes. Further exploration of the mechanism reveals that tFNA reduces excessive production of reactive oxygen species and modulates the inflammatory microenvironment, especially through cGAS-STING pathway thereby levels of inflammatory cytokines, including MMP9 and IL-6, are reduced. Additionally, tFNA demonstrates excellent safety performance without causing damage to the eye. Importantly, this study represents a successful application of nanophase materials with nucleic acid biological features for the effective treatment of dry eye, highlighting the potential clinical use of tFNA in the treatment of dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Weijie Ouyang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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5
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Li P, Fu L, Ning C, Wu J, Xu Z, Liao Z, Gao C, Sui X, Lin Y, Liu S, Yuan Z, Guo Q. Effect of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids on the reconstruction of tendon-to-bone injuries after rotator cuff tears. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13605. [PMID: 38282322 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinicians and researchers have always faced challenges in performing surgery for rotator cuff tears (RCT) due to the intricate nature of the tendon-bone gradient and the limited long-term effectiveness. At the same time, the occurrence of an inflammatory microenvironment further aggravates tissue damage, which has a negative impact on the regeneration process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and eventually leads to the production of scar tissue. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), novel nanomaterials, have shown great potential in biomedicine due to their strong biocompatibility, excellent cellular internalisation ability, and unparalleled programmability. The objective of this research was to examine if tFNAs have a positive effect on regeneration after RCTs. Experiments conducted in a controlled environment demonstrated that tFNAs hindered the assembly of inflammasomes in macrophages, resulting in a decrease in the release of inflammatory factors. Next, tFNAs were shown to exert a protective effect on the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs under inflammatory conditions. The in vitro results also demonstrated the regulatory effect of tFNAs on tendon-related protein expression levels in tenocytes after inflammatory stimulation. Finally, intra-articular injection of tFNAs into a rat RCT model showed that tFNAs improved tendon-to-bone healing, suggesting that tFNAs may be promising tendon-to-bone protective agents for the treatment of RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinxue Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Fu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ning
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zizheng Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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6
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Xin MK, Sun X, Tang HW, Li CY. Near-Infrared Light-Powered and DNA Nanocage-Confined Catalytic Hairpin Assembly Nanobiosensor with a Nucleic Acid Restriction Behavior and Reinforced Enzymatic Resistance for Robust Imaging Assay in Live Biosystems. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7101-7110. [PMID: 38663376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
While DNA amplifier-built nanobiosensors featuring a DNA polymerase-free catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction have shown promise in fluorescence imaging assays within live biosystems, challenges persist due to unsatisfactory precision stemming from premature activation, insufficient sensitivity arising from low reaction kinetics, and poor biostability caused by endonuclease degradation. In this research, we aim to tackle these issues. One aspect involves inserting an analyte-binding unit with a photoinduced cleavage bond to enable a light-powered notion. By utilizing 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light-excited upconversion luminescence as the ultraviolet source, we achieve entirely a controllable sensing event during the biodelivery phase. Another aspect refers to confining the CHA reaction within the finite space of a DNA self-assembled nanocage. Besides the accelerated kinetics (up to 10-fold enhancement) resulting from the nucleic acid restriction behavior, the DNA nanocage further provides a 3D rigid skeleton to reinforce enzymatic resistance. After selecting a short noncoding microRNA (miRNA-21) as the modeled low-abundance sensing analyte, we have verified that the innovative NIR light-powered and DNA nanocage-confined CHA nanobiosensor possesses remarkably high sensitivity and specificity. More importantly, our sensing system demonstrates a robust imaging capability for this cancer-related universal biomarker in live cells and tumor-bearing mouse bodies, showcasing its potential applications in disease analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Kun Xin
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Wu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yu Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China
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7
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Zhu Y, Shi R, Lu W, Shi S, Chen Y. Framework nucleic acids as promising reactive oxygen species scavengers for anti-inflammatory therapy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7363-7377. [PMID: 38411498 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an array of derivatives of molecular oxygen that participate in multiple physiological processes under the control of redox homeostasis. However, under pathological conditions, the over-production of ROS often leads to oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, indicating a potential therapeutic target. With the rapid development of nucleic acid nanotechnology, scientists have exploited various DNA nanostructures with remarkable biocompatibility, programmability, and structural stability. Among these novel organic nanomaterials, a group of skeleton-like framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanostructures attracts the most interest due to their outstanding self-assembly, cellular endocytosis, addressability, and functionality. Surprisingly, different FNAs manifest similarly satisfactory antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects during their biomedical application process. First, they are intrinsically endowed with the ability to neutralize ROS due to their DNA nature. Therefore, they are extensively involved in the complicated inflammatory signaling network. Moreover, the outstanding editability of FNAs also allows for flexible modifications with nucleic acids, aptamers, peptides, antibodies, low-molecular-weight drugs, and so on, thus further strengthening the targeting and therapeutic ability. This review focuses on the ROS-scavenging potential of three representative FNAs, including tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), DNA origami, and DNA hydrogels, to summarize the recent advances in their anti-inflammatory therapy applications. Although FNAs exhibit great potential in treating inflammatory diseases as promising ROS scavengers, massive efforts still need to be made to overcome the emerging challenges in their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ruijianghan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weitong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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8
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Zou W, Lu J, Zhang L, Sun D. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids for improving wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:113. [PMID: 38491372 PMCID: PMC10943864 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Wounds are one of the most common health issues, and the cost of wound care and healing has continued to increase over the past decade. In recent years, there has been growing interest in developing innovative strategies to enhance the efficacy of wound healing. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) have emerged as a promising tool for wound healing applications due to their unique structural and functional properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to summarize the applications of tFNAs for wound healing. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of tFNAs as a novel therapeutic approach for wound healing. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms of tFNAs in wound healing and highlight the role of tFNAs in modulating key processes involved in wound healing, such as cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. The targeted delivery and controlled release capabilities of tFNAs offer advantages in terms of localized and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents to the wound site. In addition, the latest research progress on tFNAs in wound healing is systematically introduced. We also discuss the biocompatibility and biosafety of tFNAs, along with their potential applications and future directions for research. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of tFNAs are briefly discussed to promote wider applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Duanping Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Zhao X, Xu Y, Chen Z, Tang C, Mi X. Encoding fluorescence intensity with tetrahedron DNA nanostructure based FRET effect for bio-detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115994. [PMID: 38181517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Biocoding technology constructed by readable tags with distinct signatures is a brand-new bioanalysis method to realize multiplexed identification and bio-information decoding. In this study, a novel fluorescence intensity coding technology termed Tetra-FICT was reported based on tetrahedron DNA nanostructure (TDN) carrier and Főrster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) effect. By modulating numbers and distances of Cy3 and Cy5 at four vertexes of TDN, different fluorescence intensities of twenty-six samples were produced at ∼565.0 nm (FICy3) and ∼665.0 nm (FICy5) by detecting fluorescence spectra. By developing an error correction mechanism, eleven codes were established based on divided intensity ranges of the final FICy3 together with FICy5 (Final-FICy3&FICy5). These resulting codes were used to construct barcode probes, with three miRNA biomarkers (miRNA-210, miRNA-199a and miRNA-21) as cases for multiplexed bio-assay. The high specificity and sensitivity were also demonstrated for the detection of miRNA-210. Overall, the proposed Tetra-FICT enriched the toolbox of fluorescence coding, which could be applied to multiplexing biomarkers detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China; School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ziting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chengren Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianqiang Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.
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10
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He JW, Sun X, Tang HW, Liu D, Li CY. Photoresponsive CHA-Integrated Self-Propelling 3D DNA Walking Amplifier within the Concentration Localization Effect of DNA Molecular Framework Enables Highly Efficient Fluorescence Bioimaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2142-2151. [PMID: 38258616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
While three-dimensional (3D) DNA walking amplifiers hold considerable promise in the construction of advanced DNA-based fluorescent biosensors for bioimaging, they encounter certain difficulties such as inadequate sensitivity, premature activation, the need for exogenous propelling forces, and low reaction rates. In this contribution, a variety of profitable solutions have been explored. First, a catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA)-achieved nonenzymatic isothermal nucleic acid amplification is integrated to enhance sensitivity. Subsequently, one DNA component is simply functionalized with a photocleavage-bond to conduct a photoresponsive manner, whereby the target recognition occurs only when the biosensor is exposed to an external ultraviolet light source, overcoming premature activation during biodelivery. Furthermore, a special self-propelling walking mechanism is implemented by reducing biothiols to MnO2 nanosheets, thereby propelling forces that are self-supplied to a Mn2+-reliant DNAzyme. By carrying the biosensing system with a DNA molecular framework to induce a unique concentration localization effect, the nucleic acid contact reaction rate is notably elevated by 6 times. Following these, an ultrasensitive in vitro detection performance with a limit of detection down to 2.89 fM is verified for a cancer-correlated microRNA biomarker (miRNA-21). Of particular importance, our multiple concepts combined 3D DNA walking amplifier that enables highly efficient fluorescence bioimaging in live cells and even bodies, exhibiting a favorable application prospect in disease analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei He
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Wu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Da Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yu Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China
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11
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Jiang Y, Li S, Shi R, Yin W, Lv W, Tian T, Lin Y. A Novel Bioswitchable miRNA Mimic Delivery System: Therapeutic Strategies Upgraded from Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid System for Fibrotic Disease Treatment and Pyroptosis Pathway Inhibition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305622. [PMID: 37984862 PMCID: PMC10767442 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
There has been considerable interest in gene vectors and their role in regulating cellular activities and treating diseases since the advent of nucleic acid drugs. MicroRNA (miR) therapeutic strategies are research hotspots as they regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and treat a range of diseases. An original tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) analog, a bioswitchable miR inhibitor delivery system (BiRDS) carrying miR inhibitors, is previously established; however, it remains unknown whether BiRDS can be equipped with miR mimics. Taking advantage of the transport capacity of tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) and upgrading it further, the treatment outcomes of a traditional tFNA and BiRDS at different concentrations on TGF-β- and bleomycin-induced fibrosis simultaneously in vitro and in vivo are compared. An upgraded traditional tFNA is designed by successfully synthesizing a novel BiRDS, carrying a miR mimic, miR-27a, for treating skin fibrosis and inhibiting the pyroptosis pathway, which exhibits stability and biocompatibility. BiRDS has three times higher efficiency in delivering miRNAs than the conventional tFNA with sticky ends. Moreover, BiRDS is more potent against fibrosis and pyroptosis-related diseases than tFNAs. These findings indicate that the BiRDS can be applied as a drug delivery system for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Ruijianghan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Wumeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Weitong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
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12
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Yao Y, Lei X, Wang Y, Zhang G, Huang H, Zhao Y, Shi S, Gao Y, Cai X, Gao S, Lin Y. A Mitochondrial Nanoguard Modulates Redox Homeostasis and Bioenergy Metabolism in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22334-22354. [PMID: 37782570 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
As a major late complication of diabetes, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the primary reason for amputation. Nevertheless, there are no wonder drugs available. Regulating dysfunctional mitochondria is a key therapeutic target for DPN. Resveratrol (RSV) is widely proven to guard mitochondria, yet the unsatisfactory bioavailability restricts its clinical application. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are promising carriers due to their excellent cell entrance efficiency, biological safety, and structure editability. Here, RSV was intercalated into tFNAs to form the tFNAs-RSV complexes. tFNAs-RSV achieved enhanced stability, bioavailability, and biocompatibility compared with tFNAs and RSV alone. With its treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was minimized and reductases were activated in an in vitro model of DPN. Besides, respiratory function and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production were enhanced. tFNAs-RSV also exhibited favorable therapeutic effects on sensory dysfunction, neurovascular deterioration, demyelination, and neuroapoptosis in DPN mice. Metabolomics analysis revealed that redox regulation and energy metabolism were two principal mechanisms that were impacted during the process. Comprehensive inspections indicated that tFNAs-RSV inhibited nitrosation and oxidation and activated reductase and respiratory chain. In sum, tFNAs-RSV served as a mitochondrial nanoguard (mito-guard), representing a viable drilling target for clinical drug development of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Lei
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, and Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Geru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shaojingya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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13
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Wen W, Wei Y, Gao S. Functional nucleic acids for the treatment of diabetic complications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5426-5434. [PMID: 37822913 PMCID: PMC10563837 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major global health problem owing to its high prevalence and increased incidence of diabetes-associated complications, including diabetic wounds (DWs), diabetic nephropathy, metabolic syndrome, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, tissue damage is organ-specific, but closely related to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperglycaemia-induced macrovascular system damage. However, existing therapies have limited effects on complete healing of diabetic complications. Fortunately, recent advances in functional nucleic acid materials have provided new opportunities for the treatment and diagnosis of diabetic complications. Functional nucleic acids possess independent structural functions that can replace traditional proteases and antibodies and perform specific biological non-genetic functions. This review summarises the current functional nucleic acid materials reported for the treatment of diabetic complications, including tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), short interfering RNA (siRNA), micorRNA (miRNA), locked nucleic acids, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and DNA origami, which may assist in the development of novel nucleic acids with new functions and capabilities for better healing of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Yuzi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Shaojingya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
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14
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Lu W, Chen T, Xiao D, Qin X, Chen Y, Shi S. Application and prospects of nucleic acid nanomaterials in tumor therapy. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26288-26301. [PMID: 37670995 PMCID: PMC10476027 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04081j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a great threat to human life, and current cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, have significant side effects and limitations that hinder their application. Nucleic acid nanomaterials have specific spatial configurations and can be used as nanocarriers to deliver different therapeutic drugs, thereby enabling various biomedical applications, such as biosensors and cancer therapy. In recent decades, a variety of DNA nanostructures have been synthesized, and they have demonstrated remarkable potential in cancer therapy related applications, such as DNA origami structures, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids, and dynamic DNA nanostructures. Importantly, more attention is also being paid to RNA nanostructures, which play an important role in gene therapy. Therefore, this review introduces the developmental history of nucleic acid nanotechnology, summarizes the applications of DNA and RNA nanostructures for tumor treatment, and discusses the development opportunities for nucleic acid nanomaterials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Dexuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Xin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
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15
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Hong S, Jiang W, Ding Q, Lin K, Zhao C, Wang X. The Current Progress of Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure for Antibacterial Application and Bone Tissue Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3761-3780. [PMID: 37457798 PMCID: PMC10348378 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s403882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, programmable assembly technologies have enabled the application of DNA in the creation of new nanomaterials with unprecedented functionality. One of the most common DNA nanostructures is the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN), which has attracted great interest worldwide due to its high stability, simple assembly procedure, high predictability, perfect programmability, and excellent biocompatibility. The unique spatial structure of TDN allows it to penetrate cell membranes in abundance and regulate cellular biological properties as a natural genetic material. Previous studies have demonstrated that TDNs can regulate various cellular biological properties, including promoting cells proliferation, migration and differentiation, inhibiting cells apoptosis, as well as possessing anti-inflammation and immunomodulatory capabilities. Furthermore, functional molecules can be easily modified at the vertices of DNA tetrahedron, DNA double helix structure, DNA tetrahedral arms or DNA tetrahedral cage structure, enabling TDN to be used as a nanocarrier for a variety of biological applications, including targeted therapies, molecular diagnosis, biosensing, antibacterial treatment, antitumor strategies, and tissue regeneration. In this review, we mainly focus on the current progress of TDN-based nanomaterials for antimicrobial applications, bone and cartilage tissue repair and regeneration. The synthesis and characterization of TDN, as well as the biological merits are introduced. In addition, the challenges and prospects of TDN-based nanomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shebin Hong
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinfeng Ding
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cancan Zhao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Luo H, Wang Z, Mo Q, Yang J, Yang F, Tang Y, Liu J, Li X. Framework Nucleic Acid-Based Multifunctional Tumor Theranostic Nanosystem for miRNA Fluorescence Imaging and Chemo/Gene Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37421332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent stimulus-responsive theranostic systems capable of specifically sensing low-abundance tumor-related biomarkers and efficiently killing tumors remain a pressing endeavor. Here, we report a multifunctional framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanosystem for simultaneous imaging of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and combined chemo/gene therapy. To achieve this, two FNA nanoarchitectures labeled with Cy5/BHQ2 signal tags were designed, each of which contained an AS1411 aptamer, two pairs of DNA/RNA hybrids, a pH-sensitive DNA catcher, and doxorubicin (DOX) intercalating between cytosine and guanine in the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN). In the acidic tumor microenvironment, the DNA catchers spontaneously triggered to form an i-motif and create an FNA dimer (dFNA) while releasing DOX molecules to exert a cytotoxic effect. In addition, the overexpressed miR-21 in tumor cells dismantled the DNA/RNA hybrids to produce vascular endothelial growth factor-associated siRNA via a toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction, thus enabling a potent RNA interfering. Also importantly, the liberated miR-21 could initiate cascade-reaction amplification to efficiently activate the Cy5 signal reporters, thereby realizing on-site fluorescence imaging of miR-21 in living cells. The exquisitely designed FNA-based nanosystem showed favorable biocompatibility and stability as well as acid-driven DOX release characteristics. Owing to the aptamer-guided targeting delivery, specific uptake of the FNA-based theranostic nanosystem by HepG2 cells was verified with confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry analyses, which therefore resulted in apoptosis of HepG2 cells while doing minimal damage to normal H9c2 and HL-7702 cells. Strikingly, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the achievements of the FNA-enabled miR-21 imaging and synergistically enhanced chemo/gene therapy. This work thus represents a noteworthy advance on the FNA-based theranostic strategy that can effectively avoid the undesirable premature leakage of anticarcinogen and off-target of siRNA, and achieve on-demand reagents release for tumor diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang-an South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qian Mo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jianying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Xinchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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17
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Zhao X, Xu Y, Mi X. Fluorescence intensity coded DNA frameworks based on the FRET effect enable multiplexed miRNA imaging in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3051-3056. [PMID: 37313594 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00578j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
miRNA analysis has played an important role in precise diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancer, especially multiplexed miRNA imaging. In this work, a novel fluorescence emission intensity (FEI) encoding strategy was developed based on a tetrahedron DNA framework (TDF) carrier and the FRET effect between Cy3 and Cy5. Six FEI-encoded TDF (FEI-TDF) samples were constructed by tuning the labeling number of Cy3 and Cy5 at the vertexes of the TDF. For fluorescence characterization in vitro, distinct FEIs in the spectra and different colors under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of FEI-TDF samples were observed. By dividing the ranges of FEIs of samples, the stability of FEIs was highly improved. Based on the ranges of FEIs in each sample, five codes with good discrimination were finally developed. Before the application of intracellular imaging, the excellent biocompatibility of the TDF carrier was proved by CCK-8 assay. The barcode probes based on samples 12, 21 and 11 were designed as example models to realize multiplexed imaging of miRNA-16, miRNA-21 and miRNA-10b in MCF-7 cells with obviously different fluorescence merged colors. FEI-TDFs provide a new research perspective for the development of fluorescence multiplexing strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Xianqiang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
- Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
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18
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Baral B, Nial PS, Subudhi U. Enhanced enzymatic activity and conformational stability of catalase in presence of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures: A biophysical and kinetic study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124677. [PMID: 37141969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of DNA nanotechnology has shown enormous potential in a vast array of applications, particularly in the medicinal and theranostics fields. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the compatibility between DNA nanostructures and cellular proteins is largely unknown. Herein, we report the biophysical interaction between proteins (circulatory protein bovine serum albumin, BSA, and the cellular enzyme bovine liver catalase, BLC) and tetrahedral DNA (tDNAs), which are well-known nanocarriers for therapeutics. Interestingly, the secondary conformation of BSA or BLC was unaltered in the presence of tDNAs which supports the biocompatible property of tDNA. In addition, thermodynamic studies showed that the binding of tDNAs with BLC has a stable non-covalent interaction via hydrogen bond and van der Waals contact, which is indicative of a spontaneous reaction. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of BLC was increased in the presence of tDNAs during 24 h of incubation. These findings indicate that the presence of tDNA nanostructures not only ensures a steady secondary conformation of proteins, but also stabilize the intracellular proteins like BLC. Surprisingly, our investigation discovered that tDNAs have no effect on albumin proteins, either by interfering or by adhering to the extracellular proteins. These findings will aid in the design of future DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications by increasing the knowledge on the biocompatible interaction of tDNAs with biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeth Baral
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Partha S Nial
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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19
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Tetrahedral DNA framework assisted rotational paper-based analytical device for differential detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A H1N1 virus. Microchem J 2023; 185:108304. [PMID: 36531593 PMCID: PMC9737512 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza A are two respiratory infectious diseases with similar clinical manifestations. Because of the complex global epidemic situation of COVID-19, the distinction and diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza A infected persons is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. In this study, tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF) was combined with a rotational paper-based analytical device, and the color change generated by the reaction between horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and 3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)-H2O2 was used for grayscale signal analysis by ImageJ software. The quantitative detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A H1N1 virus were realized simultaneously. Under the optimal conditions, the paper-based analytical device showed a good linear relationship between the two viruses in the range of 10-14-10-8g/mL, and the two viruses were not affected by cross reaction. This sensor provides a convenient and reliable method for clinical rapid differentiation and diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza A.
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wu B, Liu D, Fu L, Huang F. Synthesis of tetrahedron DNA nanostructures for detecting the activation of cell signal transduction via their specific binding to transcriptional factors. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15101-15110. [PMID: 36205195 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01954j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A technique for detecting the activation of cell signal transduction is particularly important for disease diagnosis and therapy. Transcriptional factor (TF) activities that could indicate the status of cell signal transduction are a favorable target for cell signal detection. Tetrahedron DNA nanostructures (TDNs) which contain specific binding sequences of TFs were designed and synthesized in this research, and their effects on detecting cell signal transduction were evaluated. We found that FAM-labeled TDNs with the indicated TF binding sequences could specifically bind to activated TFs of hypoxia signaling or TGF-β signaling. Signaling pathway activities detected via TDNs could be exhibited by various methods including fluorescence imaging, flow cytometry and fluorescence spectrometer analysis. The reliability of this new technique is in line with the classical dual luciferase reporter assay system. This work develops a novel and effective tool to examine the activation of intracellular signaling pathways via nanotechnology. In addition, good stability and programmability of TDNs ensure their widespread application in various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
| | - Yue Chen
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
| | - Bing Wu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
| | - Danqing Liu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
| | - Lengxi Fu
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, China.
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Zhang Q, Li S, Yu Y, Zhu Y, Tong R. A Mini-Review of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Nano-Tools for Pancreatitis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4367-4381. [PMID: 36160469 PMCID: PMC9507452 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s385590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory reaction of pancreatic tissue digestion, edema, bleeding and even necrosis caused by activation of pancreatin due to various causes. In particular, patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) often suffer from secondary infection, peritonitis and shock, and have a high mortality rate. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) can cause permanent damage to the pancreas. Due to the innate characteristics, structure and location of the pancreas, there is no effective treatment, only relief of symptoms. Especially, AP is an unpredictable and potentially fatal disease, and the timely diagnosis and treatment remains a major challenge. With the rapid development of nanomedicine technology, many potential tools can be used to address this problem. In this review, we have introduced the pathophysiological processes of pancreatitis to understanding its etiology and severity. Most importantly, the current progress in the diagnosis and treatment tools of pancreatitis based on nanomedicine is summarized and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China
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Zhou M, Zhang T, Zhang X, Zhang M, Gao S, Zhang T, Li S, Cai X, Li J, Lin Y. Effect of Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids on Neurological Recovery via Ameliorating Apoptosis and Regulating the Activation and Polarization of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37478-37492. [PMID: 35951372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes, as the most plentiful subtypes of glial cells, play an essential biphasic function in ischemic stroke (IS). However, although having beneficial effects on stroke via promoting nerve restoration and limiting lesion extension, astrocytes can unavoidably cause exacerbated brain damage due to their participation in the inflammatory response. Therefore, seeking an effective and safe drug/strategy for protecting and regulating astrocytes in stroke is urgent. Here, we employ tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) nanomaterials for astrocytes in stroke, considering their excellent biological properties and outstanding biosafety. In vitro, tFNA can inhibit calcium overload and ROS regeneration triggered by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), which provides a protective effect against astrocytic apoptosis. Furthermore, morphological changes such as hyperplasia and hypertrophy of reactive astrocytes are restrained, and the astrocytic polarization from the proinflammatory A1 phenotype to the neuroprotective A2 phenotype is facilitated by tFNA, which further alleviates cerebral infarct volume and facilitates the recovery of neurological function in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) rat models. Moreover, the TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway is downregulated by tFNA, which may be the potential mechanism of tFNA for protecting astrocytes in stroke. Collectively, we demonstrate that tFNA can effectively mediate astrocytic apoptosis, activation, and polarization to alleviate brain injury, which represents a potential intervention strategy for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shaojingya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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李 帅, 斯 海, 沈 彬. [Application of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids in the treatment of osteoarthritis]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:505-510. [PMID: 35426293 PMCID: PMC9011070 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202112054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective To introduce the characteristics of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA), focusing on its application in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and relationship with microRNA (miRNA), and prospect the application of tFNA in the treatment of OA and the new idea of constructing miR-tFNA functional complex to treat OA. Methods Recent studies were extensively reviewed to analyze the mechanism of tFNA and its relationship with OA and miRNA. Results tFNA, a new type of new carrier, can not only play an indirect role in the treatment of OA as a small molecular carrier with therapeutic effect, but also play a direct role through the regulation of chondrocytes. It can bind with the miRNA that can regulate OA. The therapeutic effect of constructing tFNA functional complex loaded with miRNA has been verified in various diseases, and tFNA has advantages compared with other vectors. Conclusion tFNA, a novel framework nucleic acid structure, plays an important role in the treatment of OA. Constructing miR-tFNA functional complex may be an innovative idea in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- 帅 李
- 四川大学华西医院骨科研究所 骨科(成都 610041)Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - 海波 斯
- 四川大学华西医院骨科研究所 骨科(成都 610041)Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - 彬 沈
- 四川大学华西医院骨科研究所 骨科(成都 610041)Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
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24
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Dou Y, Cui W, Yang X, Lin Y, Ma X, Cai X. Applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures in wound repair and tissue regeneration. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac006. [PMID: 35280457 PMCID: PMC8912983 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) are molecules with a pyramidal structure formed by folding four single strands of DNA based on the principle of base pairing. Although DNA has polyanionic properties, the special spatial structure of TDNs allows them to penetrate the cell membrane without the aid of transfection agents in a caveolin-dependent manner and enables them to participate in the regulation of cellular processes without obvious toxic side effects. Because of their stable spatial structure, TDNs resist the limitations imposed by nuclease activity and innate immune responses to DNA. In addition, TDNs have good editability and biocompatibility, giving them great advantages for biomedical applications. Previous studies have found that TDNs have a variety of biological properties, including promoting cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, as well as having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-infective and immune regulation capabilities. Moreover, we confirmed that TDNs can promote the regeneration and repair of skin, blood vessels, muscles and bone tissues. Based on these findings, we believe that TDNs have broad prospects for application in wound repair and regeneration. This article reviews recent progress in TDN research and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Dou
- Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Weitong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Qian H, Zhou T, Fu Y, Guo M, Yang W, Zhang D, Fang W, Yao M, Shi H, Chai C, Cheng W, Ding S, Chen T. Self-assembled tetrahedral framework nucleic acid mediates tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming and restores antitumor immunity. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:763-773. [PMID: 35116188 PMCID: PMC8783116 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in depleting or repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to generate a proinflammatory effect. However, TAMs usually display an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype in the tumor microenvironment. Apparently, developing a macrophage-targeting delivery system with immunomodulatory agents is urgent. In this study, an efficient siRNA and CpG ODNs delivery system (CpG-siRNA-tFNA) was prepared with nucleic acid stepwise self-assembled. The tFNA composed of CpG ODNs and siRNA showed a higher stability and an enhanced cellular uptake efficiency. Moreover, the CpG-siRNA-tFNA effectively reprogrammed TAMs toward M1 phenotype polarization with increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion and NF-κB signal pathway activation, which triggers dramatic antitumor immune responses. Additionally, the CpG-siRNA-tFNA exhibited superior antitumor efficacy in a breast cancer xenograft mouse model without obvious systemic side effects. Taken together, CpG-siRNA-tFNA displayed greatly antitumor effect by facilitating TAM polarization toward M1 phenotypes in favor of immunotherapy. Hence, we have developed an efficient therapeutic strategy with immunomodulatory agents for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yixin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Minkang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Fang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengli Yao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - He Shi
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chengsen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Catalytic hairpin assembled polymeric tetrahedral DNA frameworks for MicroRNA imaging in live cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113783. [PMID: 34775254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic DNA nanodevices-based assembly is currently well developed for a broad range of analytical applications. However, some problems persist, such as false positives, nuclease digestions, and exclusive interferences with single signal in complex cellular environment. Herein, we have established a method for imaging cellular miR-155, where it induced assembly of two tetrahedral DNA frameworks (TDFs), TDF-1 and TDF-2, both of which had four fluorescence modified hairpins (Cy3 for TDF-1 and Cy5 for TDF-2, respectively) at each angle, into polymeric tetrahedral DNA frameworks (PTDFs). The formation of PTDFs was greatly dependent on miR-155 overexpressed in breast cancer cells since miR-155 drove catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction by opening the hairpins at the vertices of TDF-1 to hybridize with TDF-2. Upon the completion of hybridization, the miR-155 was released, starting the next cycle of the CHA reaction. Measurements of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) showed that the formation of PTDFs occurred owing to the multivalent assembly of TDF-1 and TDF-2. By utilizing the formation of PTDFs, miR-155 was detected in a linear range from 0.5 nM to 30 nM with a 0.35 nM limit of determination, enabling the successful imaging of endogenous miR-155 in live cells through the FRET signal from Cy3 to Cy5. These studies demonstrated that this method significantly strengthened the resistance nuclease to digestion and stable ability with exclusive interference.
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Wang Q, He Z, Zhu H, Gao W, Zhang N, Li J, Yan J, He B, Ye X. Targeting drug delivery and efficient lysosomal escape for chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy by a peptide/DNA nanocomplex. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:438-449. [PMID: 34951442 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02441h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A peptide/DNA nanocomplex was developed for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and photosensitizers to cancer cells for efficient combination therapy. The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetra-(1-methylpyridine-4-yl)-porphyrin (TMPyP4) were physically incorporated by an aptamer (AS1411)-modified tetrahedral DNA nanostructure, where the tetrahedral DNA and aptamer-induced G-quadruplex provide binding sites of DOX and TMPyP4. The co-loaded 3A-TDN/DT displayed a targeted uptake by HeLa cancer cells through the high affinity and specificity between AS1411 and nucleolin, a protein overexpressed on many types of cancer cells. A polycationic polymer, mPEG-PAsp(TECH), was synthesized to complex with the DNA nanostructure to efficiently escape from lysosomes via the proton sponge effect upon the enhanced internalization by tumor cells. Under the irradiation of 660 nm laser light, TMPyP4 induced an upregulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which combined with DOX to fulfill the efficient inhibition of HeLa cells. Our study demonstrated a biocompatible peptide/DNA composite nanoplatform for combinational cancer therapy via the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and efficient lysosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ziyun He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Hai Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Wenxia Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jing Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jianqin Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xueting Ye
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Chen T, Xiao D, Li Y, Shi S, Yang X, Peng S, Guo B, Cai X. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids regulate osteogenic differentiation potential of osteoporotic adipose-derived stem cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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29
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Song G, Dong H, Ma D, Wang H, Ren X, Qu Y, Wu H, Zhu J, Song W, Meng Y, Wang L, Liu T, Shen X, Zhao Y, Zhu C. Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid Delivered RNA Therapeutics Significantly Attenuate Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Inhibition of CTR1-Dependent Copper Absorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46334-46342. [PMID: 34549583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper is vital for various life processes, whereas severely toxic at excess level. Intracellular copper homeostasis is strictly controlled by a set of transporters and chaperones encoded by the copper homeostasis genes. Increasing evidence has shown that copper is usually overloaded in multiple malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, which has an extremely poor prognosis. Recently, silencing the SLC31A1 gene, which encodes a major transmembrane copper transporter (CTR1), has been demonstrated to be an effective means for reducing the malignant degree of pancreatic cancer by downregulating the cellular copper levels. Herein, we utilized tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) as vehicles to overcome the biological barriers for delivering small molecular RNAs and efficiently transferred two kinds of CTR1 mRNA-targeted RNA therapeutics, siCTR1 or miR-124, into PANC-1 cells. Both therapeutic tFNAs, termed t-siCTR1 and t-miR-124, prevented copper intake more effective than the free RNA therapeutics via efficiently suppressing the expression of CTR1, thereby significantly attenuating the progression of PANC-1 cells. In this study, therapeutic tFNAs are constructed to target metal ion transporters for the first time, which may provide an effective strategy for future treatment of other metal metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haisi Dong
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Danhui Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinran Ren
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yishen Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jimin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wu Song
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Li Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xizhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
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Li P, Fu L, Liao Z, Peng Y, Ning C, Gao C, Zhang D, Sui X, Lin Y, Liu S, Hao C, Guo Q. Chitosan hydrogel/3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) hybrid scaffold containing synovial mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration based on tetrahedral framework nucleic acid recruitment. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121131. [PMID: 34543785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC) injury repair has always been a difficult problem for clinicians and researchers. Recently, a promising therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been developed for the regeneration of cartilage defects. As endogenous articular stem cells, synovial MSCs (SMSCs) possess strong chondrogenic differentiation ability and articular specificity. In this study, a cartilage regenerative system was developed based on a chitosan (CS) hydrogel/3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) hybrid containing SMSCs and recruiting tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (TFNA) injected into the articular cavity. TFNA, which is a promising DNA nanomaterial for improving the regenerative microenvironment, could be taken up into SMSCs and promoted the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of SMSCs. CS, as a cationic polysaccharide, can bind to DNA through electrostatic action and recruit free TFNA after articular cavity injection in vivo. The 3D-printed PCL scaffold provided basic mechanical support, and TFNA provided a good microenvironment for the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of the delivered SMSCs and promoted cartilage regeneration, thus greatly improving the repair of cartilage defects. In conclusion, this study confirmed that a CS hydrogel/3D-printed PCL hybrid scaffold containing SMSCs could be a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration based on chitosan-directed TFNA recruitment and TFNA-enhanced cell proliferation and chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinxue Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ning
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunxiang Hao
- Institute of Anesthesia, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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