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Luo Y, Wu Y, Braun A, Huang C, Li XY, Menon C, Chu PK. Defect Engineering To Tailor Metal Vacancies in 2D Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks: An Example in Electrochemical Sensing. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20820-20830. [PMID: 36445326 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D conductive MOFs) with π-d conjugations exhibit high electrical conductivity and diverse coordination structures, making them constitute a desirable platform for new electronic devices. Defects are inevitable in the self-assembly process of 2D conductive MOFs. Arguably, defect engineering that deliberately manipulates defects demonstrates great potential to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of this family of novel materials. Herein, a facile and universal defect engineering strategy is proposed and demonstrated for metal vacancy regulation of metal benzenehexathiolato (BHT) coordination polymer films. Controllable metal vacancies can be produced by simply tuning the proton concentration during the confined self-assembly process at the liquid-liquid interface. This facile but universal defect design strategy has been proven to be effective in a class of materials including Cu-BHT, Ni-BHT, and Ag-BHT for physicochemical regulation. To further demonstrate the feasibility and practicality in electrochemical applications, the elaborately fabricated Cu-BHT films with abundant Cu vacancies deliver competitive performance in electrocatalytic sensing of H2O2. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the Cu vacancies act as effective active sites for adsorption and reduction of H2O2, and the tuned electronic structure boosts the electrocatalytic reaction. The developed advanced sensing platform confirms the excellent commercial potential of Cu-BHT sensors for H2O2. The findings provide insights into the molecular structure design of 2D conducting MOFs by defect engineering and demonstrate the commercial potential of Cu-BHT electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR999077, China
- Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
| | - Yinghong Wu
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich8008, Switzerland
| | - Artur Braun
- Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR999077, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR999077, China
| | - Carlo Menon
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich8008, Switzerland
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR999077, China
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Yu C, He JH, Lu JM. Ion-in-Conjugation: A Promising Concept for Multifunctional Organic Semiconductors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204023. [PMID: 36285771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Most organic semiconductors (OSCs) consist of conjugated skeletons with flexible peripheral chains. Their weak intermolecular interactions from dispersion and induction forces result in environmental susceptibilities and are unsuitable for many multifunctional applications where direct exposure to external environments is unavoidable, such as gas absorption, chemical sensing, and catalysis. To exploit the advantages of inorganic semiconductors in OSCs, ion-in-conjugation (IIC) materials are proposed. An IIC material refers to any conjugated material (molecules, polymers, and crystals) in Kekule's structural formula containing stoichiometric ionic states in its conjugated backbone in the electronic ground state. In this review, the definitions, structures, synthesis, properties, and applications of IIC materials are described briefly. Four types of IIC material, including zwitterionic conjugated molecules/polymers, conjugated ionic dyes, π-d conjugated molecules and polymers, and coordinatively doped polymers, are reported. Their applications in gas sensing, humidity sensing, resistive memory devices, and thermal/photo-/electro-catalysis are demonstrated. The challenges and opportunities for future research are also discussed. It is expected that this work will inspire the design of new organic electronic information materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hui He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Mei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, National United Engineering Laboratory of Functionalized Environmental Adsorption Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Li Z, Chang S, Zhang H, Hu Y, Huang Y, Au L, Ren S. Flexible Lead-Free X-ray Detector from Metal-Organic Frameworks. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6983-6989. [PMID: 34346219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) obtained by specific host-guest interactions have attracted a large interest in the last two decades, promising development of next-generation electronic devices. Herein, we designed and presented flexible X-ray detectors using Ni-DABDT (DABDT = 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride) MOFs as the absorbing layer. The π-d coupling interactions of Ni-DABDT throughout the framework implement a conspicuous carrier transportation pathway. The detector that converts X-ray photons directly into carriers manifests an attractive achievement with high detection sensitivity of 98.6 μC Gyair-1 cm-2, with a low detection limit of 7.2 μGyair s-1 for the radiation robustness. This work provides insights for next-generation green and high-performance flexible sensor detectors by utilizing MOF materials with the benefits of a designable structure and tunable property, demonstrating a proof-of-concept in wearable X-ray detectors for radiation monitoring and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Shuquan Chang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Haiqian Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yulong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Lu Au
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Research and Education in Energy Environment & Water Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Li Z, Chang S, Zhang H, Hu Y, Huang Y, An L, Ren S. Cu-based metal-organic frameworks for highly sensitive X-ray detectors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8612-8615. [PMID: 34369527 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we constructed Pb-free Cu-DABDT-MOFs-based (DABDT = 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol) X-ray detectors. Combined with the advantage of high activation energy, the Cu-DABDT-MOFs-based detector can effectively generate and capture electrons under X-ray exposure and presents a high mobility-lifetime (μτ) product of 6.49 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 and promising detection sensitivity of 78.7 μC Gyair-1 cm-2. As groundbreaking work, these discoveries have provided information for exploring MOF materials toward green and high-performance high-energy radiation detectors by exploiting the designable structure and tunable properties of the MOF family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China.
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