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Chen W, Lai Q, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Recent Advances in Aptasensors For Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:889431. [PMID: 35677308 PMCID: PMC9169243 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.889431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The infection of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and the spread of drug-resistant bacteria pose a serious threat to global public health. Therefore, timely, rapid and accurate detection of S. aureus is of great significance for food safety, environmental monitoring, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and prevention of drug-resistant bacteria dissemination. Traditional S. aureus detection methods such as culture identification, ELISA, PCR, MALDI-TOF-MS and sequencing, etc., have good sensitivity and specificity, but they are complex to operate, requiring professionals and expensive and complex machines. Therefore, it is still challenging to develop a fast, simple, low-cost, specific and sensitive S. aureus detection method. Recent studies have demonstrated that fast, specific, low-cost, low sample volume, automated, and portable aptasensors have been widely used for S. aureus detection and have been proposed as the most attractive alternatives to their traditional detection methods. In this review, recent advances of aptasensors based on different transducer (optical and electrochemical) for S. aureus detection have been discussed in details. Furthermore, the applications of aptasensors in point-of-care testing (POCT) have also been discussed. More and more aptasensors are combined with nanomaterials as efficient transducers and amplifiers, which appears to be the development trend in aptasensors. Finally, some significant challenges for the development and application of aptasensors are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Chen, ; Zhengchun Liu,
| | - Qingteng Lai
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanke Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengchun Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Chen, ; Zhengchun Liu,
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Garrido-Cano I, Pla L, Santiago-Felipe S, Simón S, Ortega B, Bermejo B, Lluch A, Cejalvo JM, Eroles P, Martínez-Máñez R. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina-Based Sensor for miR-99a-5p Detection as an Effective Early Breast Cancer Diagnostic Tool. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1022-1029. [PMID: 33599490 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs have emerged as potential diagnostic biomarkers. The deregulation of the microRNA miR-99a-5p has been previously described as an effective biomarker of early breast cancer. Herein, we present a new nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA)-based biosensor that can detect plasma miR-99a-5p with high sensitivity and selectivity. NAA pores are loaded with rhodamine B and capped with a specific oligonucleotide that is able to block cargo release until the target is present. In the presence of miR-99a-5p, the capping oligonucleotide recognizes the miR-99a-5p sequence and displaces it allowing the release of the encapsulated dye. This method is able to successfully distinguish healthy controls from breast cancer patients, even at early stages with high efficiency, showing the presented system as a promising tool for breast cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Garrido-Cano
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Pla
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto deInvestigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Santiago-Felipe
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto deInvestigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Soraya Simón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belen Ortega
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- COST Action CA15204, 1210 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto deInvestigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
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Domagalski JT, Xifre-Perez E, Marsal LF. Recent Advances in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina: Principles, Engineering, and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:430. [PMID: 33567787 PMCID: PMC7914664 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of aluminum anodization technology features many stages. With the story stretching for almost a century, rather straightforward-from current perspective-technology, raised into an iconic nanofabrication technique. The intrinsic properties of alumina porous structures constitute the vast utility in distinct fields. Nanoporous anodic alumina can be a starting point for: Templates, photonic structures, membranes, drug delivery platforms or nanoparticles, and more. Current state of the art would not be possible without decades of consecutive findings, during which, step by step, the technique was more understood. This review aims at providing an update regarding recent discoveries-improvements in the fabrication technology, a deeper understanding of the process, and a practical application of the material-providing a narrative supported with a proper background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.T.D.); (E.X.-P.)
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Ruiz-Clavijo A, Caballero-Calero O, Martín-González M. Revisiting anodic alumina templates: from fabrication to applications. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2227-2265. [PMID: 33480949 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07582e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anodic porous alumina, -AAO- (also known as nanoporous alumina, nanohole alumina arrays, -NAA- or nanoporous anodized alumina platforms, -NAAP-) has opened new opportunities in a wide range of fields, and is used as an advanced photonic structure for applications in structural coloration and advanced optical biosensing based on the ordered nanoporous structure obtained and as a template to grow nanowires or nanotubes of different materials giving rise to metamaterials with tailored properties. Therefore, understanding the structure of nanoporous anodic alumina templates and knowing how they are fabricated provide a tool for the further design of structures based on them, such as 3D nanoporous structures developed recently. In this work, we review the latest developments related to nanoporous alumina, which is currently a very active field, to provide a solid and thorough reference for all interested experts, both in academia and industry, on these nanostructured and highly useful structures. We present an overview of theories on the formation of pores and self-ordering in alumina, paying special attention to those presented in recent years, and different nanostructures that have been developed recently. Therefore, a wide variety of architectures, ranging from ordered nanoporous structures to diameter changing pores, branched pores, and 3D nanostructures will be discussed. Next, some of the most relevant results using different nanostructured morphologies as templates for the growth of different materials with novel properties and reduced dimensionality in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc. will be summarised, showing how these structures have influenced the state of the art in a wide variety of fields. Finally, a review on how these anodic aluminium membranes are used as platforms for different applications combined with optical techniques, together with principles behind these applications will be presented, in addition to a hint on the future applications of these versatile nanomaterials. In summary, this review is focused on the most recent developments, without neglecting the basis and older studies that have led the way to these findings. Thus, it gives an updated state-of-the-art review that should be useful not only for experts in the field, but also for non-specialists, helping them to gain a broad understanding of the importance of anodic porous alumina, and most probably, endow them with new ideas for its use in fields of interest or even developing the anodization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ruiz-Clavijo
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC) Isaac Newton, 8, E-28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Olga Caballero-Calero
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC) Isaac Newton, 8, E-28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marisol Martín-González
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC) Isaac Newton, 8, E-28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Białek E, Włodarski M, Norek M. Fabrication of Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) by High-Temperature Pulse-Anodization: Tuning the Optical Characteristics of PAA-Based DBR in the NIR-MIR Region. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5622. [PMID: 33317144 PMCID: PMC7764316 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the influence of various electrochemical parameters on the production of porous anodic alumina (PAA)-based DBRs (distributed Bragg reflector) during high-temperature-pulse-anodization was studied. It was observed that lowering the temperature from 30 to 27 °C brings about radical changes in the optical performance of the DBRs. The multilayered PAA fabricated at 27 °C did not show optical characteristics typical for DBR. The DBR performance was further tuned at 30 °C. The current recovery (iamax) after application of subsequent UH pulses started to stabilize upon decreasing high (UH) and low (UL) voltage pulses, which was reflected in a smaller difference between initial and final thickness of alternating dH and dL segments (formed under UH and UL, respectively) and a better DBR performance. Shortening UH pulse duration resulted in a progressive shift of photonic stopbands (PSBs) towards the blue part of the spectrum while keeping intensive and symmetric PSBs in the NIR-MIR range. Despite the obvious improvement of the DBR performance by modulation of electrochemical parameters, the problem with regarding full control over the homogeneous formation of dH+dL pairs remains. Solving this problem will certainly lead to the production of affordable and efficient PAA-based photonic crystals with tunable photonic properties in the NIR-MIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Białek
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maksymilian Włodarski
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Str. gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Norek
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferre-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Advances in Optical Biosensors and Sensors Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5068. [PMID: 32906635 PMCID: PMC7570681 DOI: 10.3390/s20185068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review paper focuses on recent progress in optical biosensors using self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina. We present the fabrication of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina, surface functionalization, and optical sensor applications. We show that self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina has good potential for use in the fabrication of antibody-based (immunosensor), aptamer-based (aptasensor), gene-based (genosensor), peptide-based, and enzyme-based optical biosensors. The fabricated optical biosensors presented high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, we also showed that the performance of the biosensors and the self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina can be used for assessing biomolecules, heavy ions, and gas molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.A.T.); (J.F.-B.)
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7
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Noormohammadi M, Arani ZS, Ramazani A, Kashi MA, Abbasimofrad S. Super-fast fabrication of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina membranes by ultra-hard anodization. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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8
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Su Q, Xu P, Zhou L, Wu F, Dong A, Wan Y, Qian W. Real-Time and Label-Free Monitoring of Biomolecular Interactions within Complex Biological Media Using a Silica Colloidal Crystal Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:35950-35957. [PMID: 32693572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A method capable of real-time and label-free monitoring of biomolecular interactions within whole blood, without any sample separation and label process, is described. This was accomplished using silica colloidal crystal (SCC) films, three-dimensionally ordered silica particle arrays whose interference effect is a function of their optical thickness, as interference-sensitive substrates. Interactions between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (SPA) conjugates with changes in the optical thickness of SCC films were monitored spectroscopically. Successful detection of IgG was achieved in the buffer and whole blood. This system constitutes a simple label-free analysis showing great potential in monitoring interactions between biomolecules in complex biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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9
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Białek E, Włodarski M, Norek M. Influence of Anodization Temperature on Geometrical and Optical Properties of Porous Anodic Alumina(PAA)-Based Photonic Structures. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13143185. [PMID: 32708744 PMCID: PMC7411978 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the influence of a wide range anodizing temperature (5–30 °C) on the growth and optical properties of PAA-based distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) was studied. It was demonstrated that above 10 °C both structural and photonic properties of the DBRs strongly deteriorates: the photonic stop bands (PSBs) decay, broaden, and split, which is accompanied by the red shift of the PSBs. However, at 30 °C, new bands in transmission spectra appear including one strong and symmetric peak in the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region. The PSB in the MIR region is further improved by a small modification of the pulse sequence which smoothen and sharpen the interfaces between consecutive low and high refractive index layers. This is a first report on PAA-based DBR with a good quality PSB in MIR. Moreover, it was shown that in designing good quality DBRs a steady current recovery after subsequent application of high potential (UH) pulses is more important than large contrast between low and high potential pulses (UH-UL contrast). Smaller UH-UL contrast helps to better control the current evolution during pulse anodization. Furthermore, the lower PSB intensity owing to the smaller UH-UL contrast can be partially compensated by the higher anodizing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Białek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maksymilian Włodarski
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Str. gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Norek
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Str. gen Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Gauglitz G. Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3317-3349. [PMID: 32313998 PMCID: PMC7214504 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct optical detection has proven to be a highly interesting tool in biomolecular interaction analysis to be used in drug discovery, ligand/receptor interactions, environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, screening of large data volumes in immunology, cancer therapy, or personalized medicine. In this review, the fundamental optical principles and applications are reviewed. Devices are based on concepts such as refractometry, evanescent field, waveguides modes, reflectometry, resonance and/or interference. They are realized in ring resonators; prism couplers; surface plasmon resonance; resonant mirror; Bragg grating; grating couplers; photonic crystals, Mach-Zehnder, Young, Hartman interferometers; backscattering; ellipsometry; or reflectance interferometry. The physical theories of various optical principles have already been reviewed in detail elsewhere and are therefore only cited. This review provides an overall survey on the application of these methods in direct optical biosensing. The "historical" development of the main principles is given to understand the various, and sometimes only slightly modified variations published as "new" methods or the use of a new acronym and commercialization by different companies. Improvement of optics is only one way to increase the quality of biosensors. Additional essential aspects are the surface modification of transducers, immobilization strategies, selection of recognition elements, the influence of non-specific interaction, selectivity, and sensitivity. Furthermore, papers use for reporting minimal amounts of detectable analyte terms such as value of mass, moles, grams, or mol/L which are difficult to compare. Both these essential aspects (i.e., biochemistry and the presentation of LOD values) can be discussed only in brief (but references are provided) in order to prevent the paper from becoming too long. The review will concentrate on a comparison of the optical methods, their application, and the resulting bioanalytical quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Gauglitz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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Acosta LK, Bertó-Roselló F, Xifre-Perez E, Law CS, Santos A, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Tunable Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals by Gaussian Pulse Anodization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19778-19787. [PMID: 32227979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a Gaussian pulse anodization approach to generate nanoporous photonic crystals with highly tunable and controllable optical properties across the visible-NIR spectrum. Nanoporous anodic alumina Gaussian photonic crystals (NAA-GPCs) are fabricated in oxalic acid electrolyte by Gaussian pulse anodization, a novel form of pulse-like anodization. The effect of the Gaussian pulse width in the anodization profile on the optical properties of these photonic crystals is assessed by systematically varying this fabrication parameter from 5 to 60 s. The optical features of the characteristic photonic stopband (PSB) of NAA-GPCs-the position of the central wavelength, full width at half-maximum, and intensity-are found to be highly dependent on the Gaussian pulse width, the angle of incidence of incoming photons, and the nanopore diameter of NAA-GPCs. The effective medium of NAA-GPCs is assessed by monitoring spectral shifts in their characteristic PSB upon infiltration of their nanoporous structure with analytical solutions of d-glucose of varying concentration (0.0125-1 M). Experimental results are validated and mechanistically described by theoretical simulations, using the Looyenga-Landau-Lifshitz effective medium approximation model. Our findings demonstrate that Gaussian pulse anodization is an effective nanofabrication approach to producing highly sensitive NAA-based PC structures with versatile and tunable PSBs across the spectral regions. The findings provide new exiting opportunities to integrate these unique PC structures into photonic sensors and other platform materials for light-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Acosta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesc Bertó-Roselló
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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12
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Electrochemical Engineering of Nanoporous Materials for Photocatalysis: Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9120988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysis comprises a variety of light-driven processes in which solar energy is converted into green chemical energy to drive reactions such as water splitting for hydrogen energy generation, degradation of environmental pollutants, CO2 reduction and NH3 production. Electrochemically engineered nanoporous materials are attractive photocatalyst platforms for a plethora of applications due to their large effective surface area, highly controllable and tuneable light-harvesting capabilities, efficient charge carrier separation and enhanced diffusion of reactive species. Such tailor-made nanoporous substrates with rational chemical and structural designs provide new exciting opportunities to develop advanced optical semiconductor structures capable of performing precise and versatile control over light–matter interactions to harness electromagnetic waves with unprecedented high efficiency and selectivity for photocatalysis. This review introduces fundamental developments and recent advances of electrochemically engineered nanoporous materials and their application as platforms for photocatalysis, with a final prospective outlook about this dynamic field.
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Abd-Elnaiem AM, Moustafa S, Asafa TB. Comparative Study of Pore Characterizations of Anodized Al–0.5 wt.% Cu Thin Films in Oxalic and Phosphoric Acids. NANO 2019; 14:1950140. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793292019501406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Porous anodic alumina (PAA) thin films, having interconnected pores, were fabricated from Cu-doped aluminum films deposited on [Formula: see text]-type silicon wafers by anodization. The anodization was done at four different anodizing voltages (60[Formula: see text]V, 70[Formula: see text]V, 80[Formula: see text]V and 90[Formula: see text]V) in phosphoric acid and two voltages (60[Formula: see text]V and 70[Formula: see text]V) in oxalic acid. The aluminum and PAA samples were characterized by SEM and XRD while the pore arrangement, pore density, pore diameter, pore circularity and pore regularity were also analyzed. XRD spectra confirmed the aluminum to be crystalline with the dominant plane being (220), the Cu-rich phase have an average particle size of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm uniformly distributed within the Al matrix of 0.4-[Formula: see text]m grain size. The steady-state current density through the anodization increased by 117% and 49% for oxalic and phosphoric acids, respectively, for 10[Formula: see text]V increase (from 60 to 70 V) in anodization voltage. Similarly, the etching rate increased by 100% for oxalic acid and by 40% for phosphoric acid which are responsible for 47% and 29% decreases in anodization duration, respectively. The highest value of circularity obtained for anodized Al–0.5[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu formed in oxalic acid at 60[Formula: see text]V was 0.86, and it was 0.80 for the phosphoric acid at 90[Formula: see text]V. Anodization of Al–0.5[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu films allows the formation of circular pores directly on [Formula: see text]-type silicon wafers which is of importance for future nanofabrication of advanced electronics. The results of anodized Al–0.5[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu thin film were compared with other anodized systems such as anodized pure Al and Al doped with Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Abd-Elnaiem
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - S. Moustafa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - T. B. Asafa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Ribes À, Aznar E, Santiago-Felipe S, Xifre-Perez E, Tormo-Mas MÁ, Pemán J, Marsal LF, Martínez-Máñez R. Selective and Sensitive Probe Based in Oligonucleotide-Capped Nanoporous Alumina for the Rapid Screening of Infection Produced by Candida albicans. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1291-1298. [PMID: 31020831 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A robust, sensitive, and time-competitive system to detect Candida albicans in less than 30 min in clinical samples based in capped nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) is developed. In the proposed design, NAA pores are loaded with rhodamine B and then blocked with an oligonucleotide that is able to recognize C. albicans DNA. The capped material shows negligible cargo release, whereas dye delivery is selectively accomplished when genomic DNA from C. albicans is present. This procedure has been successfully applied to detect C. albicans in clinical samples from patients infected with this yeast. When compared with classical C. albicans detection methods, the proposed probe has a short assay time, high sensitivity and selectivity, demonstrating the high potential of this simple design for the diagnosis of infection produced by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Ribes
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Santiago-Felipe
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Tormo-Mas
- Grupo acreditado de investigación Infección Grave, IIS La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Pemán
- Grupo acreditado de investigación Infección Grave, IIS La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Politècnic i Universitari La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Voelcker NH, Santos A. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals for Optical Chemo- and Biosensing: Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E788. [PMID: 30287772 PMCID: PMC6215225 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical sensors are a class of devices that enable the identification and/or quantification of analyte molecules across multiple fields and disciplines such as environmental protection, medical diagnosis, security, food technology, biotechnology, and animal welfare. Nanoporous photonic crystal (PC) structures provide excellent platforms to develop such systems for a plethora of applications since these engineered materials enable precise and versatile control of light⁻matter interactions at the nanoscale. Nanoporous PCs provide both high sensitivity to monitor in real-time molecular binding events and a nanoporous matrix for selective immobilization of molecules of interest over increased surface areas. Nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA), a nanomaterial long envisaged as a PC, is an outstanding platform material to develop optical sensing systems in combination with multiple photonic technologies. Nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals (NAA-PCs) provide a versatile nanoporous structure that can be engineered in a multidimensional fashion to create unique PC sensing platforms such as Fabry⁻Pérot interferometers, distributed Bragg reflectors, gradient-index filters, optical microcavities, and others. The effective medium of NAA-PCs undergoes changes upon interactions with analyte molecules. These changes modify the NAA-PCs' spectral fingerprints, which can be readily quantified to develop different sensing systems. This review introduces the fundamental development of NAA-PCs, compiling the most significant advances in the use of these optical materials for chemo- and biosensing applications, with a final prospective outlook about this exciting and dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Melbourne 3168, Australia.
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Melbourne 3168, Australia.
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
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Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Santos A. Real-Time Binding Monitoring between Human Blood Proteins and Heavy Metal Ions in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10039-10048. [PMID: 30041521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the real-time binding assessment between heavy metal ions and blood proteins immobilized onto nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals (NAA-PCs) by reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). The surface of NAA-PCs is chemically functionalized with γ-globulin (GG), transferrin (TFN), and serum albumin (HSA), the major proteins present in human blood plasma. Protein-modified NAA-PC platforms are exposed to analytical solutions of mercury ions of different concentrations. Dynamic changes in the effective optical thickness of protein-modified NAA-PCs in response to heavy metal ions are assessed in real time to evaluate the binding kinetics, affinity, and mechanism. Protein molecules undergo conformational changes upon exposure to mercury ions, with HSA exhibiting the strongest affinity. The combination of protein-modified NAA-PCs with RIfS allows real-time monitoring of protein-heavy metal ions interactions under dynamic flow conditions. This system is capable of detecting dynamic conformational changes in these proteins upon exposure to heavy metal ions. Our results provide new insights into these binding events, which could enable new methodologies to study the toxicity of heavy metal ions and other biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,Department of Chemistry , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) , The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide , Australia
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Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Marsal LF, Santos A. Structural tailoring of nanoporous anodic alumina optical microcavities for enhanced resonant recirculation of light. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14139-14152. [PMID: 29999512 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04263b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study about the structural engineering of high quality nanoporous anodic alumina optical microcavities (NAA-μCVs) fabricated by rationally designed anodisation strategies to enhance the light-confining capabilities of these photonic crystal (PC) structures is presented. Two types of NAA-μCV architectures are produced: (i) GIF-NAA-μCVs composed of a cavity layer featuring straight nanopores that is sandwiched between two gradient-index filters (GIFs) with sinusoidally modulated porosity in depth, and (ii) DBR-NAA-μCVs formed by sandwiching a cavity layer with straight nanopores between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), in which the porosity is engineered in a stepwise fashion. The geometric features of GIF-NAA-μCVs and DBR-NAA-μCVs are engineered and optimised through a systematic modification of the anodisation parameters (i.e. cavity anodisation time, cavity anodisation current density, anodisation period and number of anodisation pulses, and pore widening time). This methodology enables fine-tuning of the optical properties of GIF-NAA-μCVs and DBR-NAA-μCVs, such as quality factor and position and width of resonance band, to generate NAA-μCVs with unprecedented quality factors (i.e. 170 ± 8 and 206 ± 10 for the first and second order resonance bands - threefold and fourfold quality enhancement as compared to previous studies). Our results demonstrate that an optimal design of the geometric features and the nanoporous architecture of NAA-μCVs can significantly enhance resonant recirculation of light within these PC structures, creating new opportunities to develop ultrasensitive optical platforms, highly selective optical filters, and other photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lluís F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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18
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Engineering of Hybrid Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals by Heterogeneous Pulse Anodization. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9455. [PMID: 29930341 PMCID: PMC6013466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present an advanced nanofabrication approach, so-called ‘heterogeneous pulse anodization’ (HPA), in which galvanostatic stepwise and apodized sinusoidal pulse anodizations are combined in a single process. This novel anodization method enables the precise optical engineering of the characteristic photonic stopbands (PSBs) of nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals (NAA-PCs). The resulting structures are hybrid PCs (Hy-NAA-PCs) composed of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) and apodized gradient-index filters (APO-GIFs) embedded within the same PC structure. The modification of various anodization parameters such as anodization period, relative and total anodization time, structural arrangement of PCs within Hy-NAA-PCs, and pore widening time allows the fine-tuning of the PSBs’ features (i.e. number, position and bandwidth of central wavelength) across the spectral regions. The effects of these fabrication parameters are systematically assessed, revealing that the positions of the characteristic transmission bands of Hy-NAA-PCs are highly controllable. Our study provides a comprehensive rationale towards the development of unique Hy-NAA-PCs with controllable optical properties, which could open new opportunities for a plethora of applications.
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The effects of adjusting pulse anodization parameters on the surface morphology and properties of a WO3 photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-3911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Law CS, Santos A. Realisation and optical engineering of linear variable bandpass filters in nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7541-7550. [PMID: 28534901 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present the first realisation of linear variable bandpass filters in nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA-LVBPFs) photonic crystal structures. NAA gradient-index filters (NAA-GIFs) are produced by sinusoidal pulse anodisation and used as photonic crystal platforms to generate NAA-LVBPFs. The anodisation period of NAA-GIFs is modified from 650 to 850 s to systematically tune the characteristic photonic stopband of these photonic crystals across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum. Then, the nanoporous structure of NAA-GIFs is gradually widened along the surface under controlled conditions by wet chemical etching using a dip coating approach aiming to create NAA-LVBPFs with finely engineered optical properties. We demonstrate that the characteristic photonic stopband and the iridescent interferometric colour displayed by these photonic crystals can be tuned with precision across the surface of NAA-LVBPFs by adjusting the fabrication and etching conditions. Here, we envisage for the first time the combination of the anodisation period and etching conditions as a cost-competitive, facile, and versatile nanofabrication approach that enables the generation of a broad range of unique LVBPFs covering the spectral regions. These photonic crystal structures open new opportunities for multiple applications, including adaptive optics, hyperspectral imaging, fluorescence diagnostics, spectroscopy, and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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Schlicht S, Kireev A, Vasileva A, Grachova EV, Tunik SP, Manshina AA, Bachmann J. A model electrode of well-defined geometry prepared by direct laser-induced decoration of nanoporous templates with Au-Ag@C nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:065405. [PMID: 27959320 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa536a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an original type of model electrode system consisting of bimetallic Au-Ag nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix with an extremely well-defined geometry of parallel, straight, cylindrical macropores. The samples are prepared in one step by direct laser deposition of the metal/carbon composite onto the inner walls of a porous 'anodic' alumina matrix serving as a template. The coating is homogeneous from top to bottom of the pores, and the amount of material deposited can be tuned by the duration of the deposition procedure. As a test system, we demonstrate that a bimetallic Ag-Au@C system is catalytically active for the electrochemical oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution, the anodic reaction of a direct glucose fuel cell. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic current density increases with the amount of Ag-Au@C NPs deposited, up to a point at which the pores are clogged with it. This type of model system allows for the systematic study of geometric effects in fuel cell electrodes. It can be generalized to a number of different nanoparticle compositions, and thereby, to various electrocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Schlicht
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Ryu SH, Gim MJ, Lee W, Choi SW, Yoon DK. Switchable Photonic Crystals Using One-Dimensional Confined Liquid Crystals for Photonic Device Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:3186-3191. [PMID: 28029761 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PCs) have recently attracted considerable attention, with much effort devoted to photonic bandgap (PBG) control for varying the reflected color. Here, fabrication of a modulated one-dimensional (1D) anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) PC with a periodic porous structure is reported. The PBG of the fabricated PC can be reversibly changed by switching the ultraviolet (UV) light on/off. The AAO nanopores contain a mixture of photoresponsive liquid crystals (LCs) with irradiation-activated cis/trans photoisomerizable azobenzene. The resultant mixture of LCs in the porous AAO film exhibits a reversible PBG, depending on the cis/trans configuration of azobenzene molecules. The PBG switching is reliable over many cycles, suggesting that the fabricated device can be used in optical and photonic applications such as light modulators, smart windows, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ho Ryu
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and KINC, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jun Gim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and KINC, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsuk Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and KINC, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Won Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and KINC, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Brzózka A, Jeleń A, Brudzisz AM, Marzec MM, Sulka GD. Electrocatalytic reduction of chloroform at nanostructured silver electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ribes À, Xifré -Pérez E, Aznar E, Sancenón F, Pardo T, Marsal LF, Martínez-Máñez R. Molecular gated nanoporous anodic alumina for the detection of cocaine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38649. [PMID: 27924950 PMCID: PMC5141502 DOI: 10.1038/srep38649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present herein the use of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) as a suitable support to implement "molecular gates" for sensing applications. In our design, a NAA support is loaded with a fluorescent reporter (rhodamine B) and functionalized with a short single-stranded DNA. Then pores are blocked by the subsequent hybridisation of a specific cocaine aptamer. The response of the gated material was studied in aqueous solution. In a typical experiment, the support was immersed in hybridisation buffer solution in the absence or presence of cocaine. At certain times, the release of rhodamine B from pore voids was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. The capped NAA support showed poor cargo delivery, but presence of cocaine in the solution selectively induced rhodamine B release. By this simple procedure a limit of detection as low as 5 × 10-7 M was calculated for cocaine. The gated NAA was successfully applied to detect cocaine in saliva samples and the possible re-use of the nanostructures was assessed. Based on these results, we believe that NAA could be a suitable support to prepare optical gated probes with a synergic combination of the favourable features of selected gated sensing systems and NAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Ribes
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigaciόn de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnolόgico (IDM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicína (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Elisabet Xifré -Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigaciόn de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnolόgico (IDM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicína (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigaciόn de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnolόgico (IDM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicína (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Teresa Pardo
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigaciόn de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnolόgico (IDM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicína (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Lluís F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ramόn Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigaciόn de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnolόgico (IDM). Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicína (CIBER-BBN)
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Santos A, Law CS, Chin Lei DW, Pereira T, Losic D. Fine tuning of optical signals in nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals by apodized sinusoidal pulse anodisation. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18360-18375. [PMID: 27766342 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06796d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present an advanced nanofabrication approach to produce gradient-index photonic crystal structures based on nanoporous anodic alumina. An apodization strategy is for the first time applied to a sinusoidal pulse anodisation process in order to engineer the photonic stop band of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) in depth. Four apodization functions are explored, including linear positive, linear negative, logarithmic positive and logarithmic negative, with the aim of finely tuning the characteristic photonic stop band of these photonic crystal structures. We systematically analyse the effect of the amplitude difference (from 0.105 to 0.840 mA cm-2), the pore widening time (from 0 to 6 min), the anodisation period (from 650 to 950 s) and the anodisation time (from 15 to 30 h) on the quality and the position of the characteristic photonic stop band and the interferometric colour of these photonic crystal structures using the aforementioned apodization functions. Our results reveal that a logarithmic negative apodisation function is the most optimal approach to obtain unprecedented well-resolved and narrow photonic stop bands across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum of NAA-based gradient-index photonic crystals. Our study establishes a fully comprehensive rationale towards the development of unique NAA-based photonic crystal structures with finely engineered optical properties for advanced photonic devices such as ultra-sensitive optical sensors, selective optical filters and all-optical platforms for quantum computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dominique Wong Chin Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, 529757 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Taj Pereira
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
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Stępniowski WJ, Moneta M, Norek M, Michalska-Domańska M, Scarpellini A, Salerno M. The influence of electrolyte composition on the growth of nanoporous anodic alumina. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Santos A, Pereira T, Law CS, Losic D. Rational engineering of nanoporous anodic alumina optical bandpass filters. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14846-14857. [PMID: 27453573 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr03490j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a rationally designed advanced nanofabrication approach aiming at producing a new type of optical bandpass filters based on nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals. The photonic stop band of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) is engineered in depth by means of a pseudo-stepwise pulse anodisation (PSPA) approach consisting of pseudo-stepwise asymmetric current density pulses. This nanofabrication method makes it possible to tune the transmission bands of NAA at specific wavelengths and bandwidths, which can be broadly modified across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum through the anodisation period (i.e. time between consecutive pulses). First, we establish the effect of the anodisation period as a means of tuning the position and width of the transmission bands of NAA across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum. To this end, a set of nanoporous anodic alumina bandpass filters (NAA-BPFs) are produced with different anodisation periods, ranging from 500 to 1200 s, and their optical properties (i.e. characteristic transmission bands and interferometric colours) are systematically assessed. Then, we demonstrate that the rational combination of stacked NAA-BPFs consisting of layers of NAA produced with different PSPA periods can be readily used to create a set of unique and highly selective optical bandpass filters with characteristic transmission bands, the position, width and number of which can be precisely engineered by this rational anodisation approach. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate that the superposition of stacked NAA-BPFs produced with slight modifications of the anodisation period enables the fabrication of NAA-BPFs with unprecedented broad transmission bands across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum. The results obtained from our study constitute the first comprehensive rationale towards advanced NAA-BPFs with fully controllable photonic properties. These photonic crystal structures could become a promising alternative to traditional optical bandpass filters based on glass and plastic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia. and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Taj Pereira
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
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Law CS, Santos A, Nemati M, Losic D. Structural Engineering of Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals by Sawtooth-like Pulse Anodization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13542-13554. [PMID: 27171214 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a sawtooth-like pulse anodization approach aiming to create a new type of photonic crystal structure based on nanoporous anodic alumina. This nanofabrication approach enables the engineering of the effective medium of nanoporous anodic alumina in a sawtooth-like manner with precision. The manipulation of various anodization parameters such as anodization period, anodization amplitude, number of anodization pulses, ramp ratio and pore widening time allows a precise control and fine-tuning of the optical properties (i.e., characteristic transmission peaks and interferometric colors) exhibited by nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals (NAA-PCs). The effect of these anodization parameters on the photonic properties of NAA-PCs is systematically evaluated for the establishment of a fabrication methodology toward NAA-PCs with tunable optical properties. The effective medium of the resulting NAA-PCs is demonstrated to be optimal for the development of optical sensing platforms in combination with reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). This application is demonstrated by monitoring in real-time the formation of monolayers of thiol molecules (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) on the surface of gold-coated NAA-PCs. The obtained results reveal that the adsorption mechanism between thiol molecules and gold-coated NAA-PCs follows a Langmuir isotherm model, indicating a monolayer sorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mahdieh Nemati
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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Nemati M, Santos A, Law CS, Losic D. Assessment of Binding Affinity between Drugs and Human Serum Albumin Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5971-80. [PMID: 27128744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report an innovative approach aiming to assess the binding affinity between drug molecules and human serum albumin by combining nanoporous anodic alumina rugate filters (NAA-RFs) modified with human serum albumin (HSA) and reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). NAA-RFs are photonic crystal structures produced by sinusoidal pulse anodization of aluminum that present two characteristic optical parameters, the characteristic reflection peak (λPeak), and the effective optical thickness of the film (OTeff), which can be readily used as sensing parameters. A design of experiments strategy and an ANOVA analysis are used to establish the effect of the anodization parameters (i.e., anodization period and anodization offset) on the sensitivity of HSA-modified NAA-RFs toward indomethacin, a model drug. To this end, two sensing parameters are used, that is, shifts in the characteristic reflection peak (ΔλPeak) and changes in the effective optical thickness of the film (ΔOTeff). Subsequently, optimized NAA-RFs are used as sensing platforms to determine the binding affinity between a set of drugs (i.e., indomethacin, coumarin, sulfadymethoxine, warfarin, and salicylic acid) and HSA molecules. Our results verify that the combination of HSA-modified NAA-RFs with RIfS can be used as a portable, low-cost, and simple system for establishing the binding affinity between drugs and plasma proteins, which is a critical factor to develop efficient medicines for treating a broad range of diseases and medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Nemati
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide , Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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30
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Santos A, Law CS, Pereira T, Losic D. Nanoporous hard data: optical encoding of information within nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8091-8100. [PMID: 27020686 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01068g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a method for storing binary data within the spectral signature of nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals. A rationally designed multi-sinusoidal anodisation approach makes it possible to engineer the photonic stop band of nanoporous anodic alumina with precision. As a result, the transmission spectrum of these photonic nanostructures can be engineered to feature well-resolved and selectively positioned characteristic peaks across the UV-visible spectrum. Using this property, we implement an 8-bit binary code and assess the versatility and capability of this system by a series of experiments aiming to encode different information within the nanoporous anodic alumina photonic crystals. The obtained results reveal that the proposed nanosized platform is robust, chemically stable, versatile and has a set of unique properties for data storage, opening new opportunities for developing advanced nanophotonic tools for a wide range of applications, including sensing, photonic tagging, self-reporting drug releasing systems and secure encoding of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Taj Pereira
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
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31
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Santos A, Yoo JH, Rohatgi CV, Kumeria T, Wang Y, Losic D. Realisation and advanced engineering of true optical rugate filters based on nanoporous anodic alumina by sinusoidal pulse anodisation. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1360-1373. [PMID: 26492584 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05462a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first realisation of true optical rugate filters (RFs) based on nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) by sinusoidal waves. An innovative and rationally designed sinusoidal pulse anodisation (SPA) approach in galvanostatic mode is used with the aim of engineering the effective medium of NAA in a sinusoidal fashion. A precise control over the different anodisation parameters (i.e. anodisation period, anodisation amplitude, anodisation offset, number of pulses, anodisation temperature and pore widening time) makes it possible to engineer the characteristic reflection peaks and interferometric colours of NAA-RFs, which can be finely tuned across the UV-visible-NIR spectrum. The effect of the aforementioned anodisation parameters on the photonic properties of NAA-RFs (i.e. characteristic reflection peaks and interferometric colours) is systematically assessed in order to establish for the first time a comprehensive rationale towards NAA-RFs with fully controllable photonic properties. The experimental results are correlated with a theoretical model (Looyenga-Landau-Lifshitz - LLL), demonstrating that the effective medium of these photonic nanostructures can be precisely described by the effective medium approximation. NAA-RFs are also demonstrated as chemically selective photonic platforms combined with reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). The resulting optical sensing system is used to assess the reversible binding affinity between a model drug (i.e. indomethacin) and human serum albumin (HSA) in real-time. Our results demonstrate that this system can be used to determine the overall pharmacokinetic profile of drugs, which is a critical aspect to be considered for the implementation of efficient medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Jeong Ha Yoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Charu Vashisth Rohatgi
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ye Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia.
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32
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Vega V, García J, Montero-Moreno JM, Hernando B, Bachmann J, Prida VM, Nielsch K. Unveiling the Hard Anodization Regime of Aluminum: Insight into Nanopores Self-Organization and Growth Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28682-28692. [PMID: 26646814 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pores growth mechanism and their self-ordering conditions are investigated for nanoporous alumina membranes synthesized by hard anodization (HA) of Al in a broad range of anodic conditions, covering oxalic acid electrolytes with concentrations from 0.300 M down to 0.075 M and potentiostatic anodization voltages between 120 and 225 V. The use of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and scanning and transmission electron microscopy, together with image analysis techniques allow one to characterize the intrinsic nature of the HA regime. HA of aluminum is explained on the basis of a phenomenological model taking into account the role of oxalate ions and their limited diffusion through alumina nanochannels from a bulk electrolyte. The depletion of oxalate ions at the bottom of the pores causes an increased growth of the alumina barrier layer at the oxide/electrolyte interface. Furthermore, an innovative method has been developed for the determination of the HA conditions leading to self-ordered pore growth in any given electrolyte, thus allowing one to extend the available range of interpore distances of the highly ordered hexagonal pore arrangement in a wide range of 240-507 nm, while keeping small pore diameters of 50-60 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Vega
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo , Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias Spain
- Laboratorio de Membranas Nanoporosas, Universidad de Oviedo , Edif. Severo Ochoa, Campus del Cristo s/n. 33006-Oviedo, Asturias Spain
| | - Javier García
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 11, 20355-Hamburg, Germany
| | - Josep M Montero-Moreno
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 11, 20355-Hamburg, Germany
| | - Blanca Hernando
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo , Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias Spain
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 1, 91058-Erlangen, Germany
| | - Víctor M Prida
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo , Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007-Oviedo, Asturias Spain
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstraße 11, 20355-Hamburg, Germany
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