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Tabish TA, Crabtree MJ, Townley HE, Winyard PG, Lygate CA. Nitric Oxide Releasing Nanomaterials for Cardiovascular Applications. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:691-709. [PMID: 38984042 PMCID: PMC11228123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
A central paradigm of cardiovascular homeostasis is that impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability results in a wide array of cardiovascular dysfunction including incompetent endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, thrombosis, vascular inflammation, and proliferation of the intima. Over the course of more than a century, NO donating formulations such as organic nitrates and nitrites have remained a cornerstone of treatment for patients with cardiovascular diseases. These donors primarily produce NO in the circulation and are not targeted to specific (sub)cellular sites of action. However, safe, and therapeutic levels of NO require delivery of the right amount to a precise location at the right time. To achieve these aims, several recent strategies aimed at therapeutically generating or releasing NO in living systems have shown that polymeric and inorganic (silica, gold) nanoparticles and nanoscale metal-organic frameworks could either generate NO endogenously by the catalytic decomposition of endogenous NO substrates or can store and release therapeutically relevant amounts of NO gas. NO-releasing nanomaterials have been developed for vascular implants (such as stents and grafts) to target atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiac tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the advances in design and development of novel NO-releasing nanomaterials for cardiovascular therapeutics and critically examine the therapeutic potential of these nanoplatforms to modulate cellular metabolism, to regulate vascular tone, inhibit platelet aggregation, and limit proliferation of vascular smooth muscle with minimal toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Crabtree
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences & Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Townley
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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2
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Hasan M, Zedan HT, Al-Fakhroo D, Elsayed Ibrahim H, Abiib SI, El-Sherbiny IM, Yalcin HC. In vivo testing of novel nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles for alleviating heart failure using the zebrafish embryo model. Nitric Oxide 2024; 144:47-57. [PMID: 38307377 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous systemic disease that is considered one of the leading causes of death and morbidity worldwide. It is well-known that endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays an important role in cardiac disease etiology. A reduction in the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) in the bloodstream leads to vasoconstriction and ED. Many studies indicated diminishment of peripheral arteries vasodilation that is mediated by the endothelium in the of patients with chronic HF. With the advancement of nanomedicine, nanotechnology can provide adequate solutions for delivering exogenous NO with the aid of nanoparticles (NPs) to treat ED. The properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) enable both passive and active delivery of drugs. This prompted us to investigate the efficacy of our newly-developed hydrogel nanoparticles (NO-RPs) for the delivery and sustained release of NO gas to alleviate cardiac failure and inflammation in the heart failure zebrafish model. The hydrogel NO-RPs incorporate SPIONS and NO precursor. The sustainend release of NO in the NO-RPs (4200 s), overcomes the problem of the short half life of NO in vivo which is expected to ameliorate the reduced NO bioavailabilty, and its consequences in endothelial and cardiac dysfunction. Zebrafish embryos were used as the animal model in this study to determine the effect of SPIONs-loaded NO-RPs on the cardiovascular system. Cardiac failure was induced in 24hpf embryos by exposure to aristolochic acid (AA)(0.25, 0.5 μM) for 8 h, followed by the SPIONs-loaded NO-RPs (0.25, 0.5 mg/ml) for 48 h, experimental groups included: control group which is healthy non treated zebrafish embryos, AA injured zebrafish embryos (HF) model,and NO-RP treated HF zebrafish embryos. Survival rate was assessed at 72hpf. Cardiac function was also evaluated by analyzing cardiac parameters including heartbeat, major blood vessels primordial cardinal vein and dorsal aorta (PCV &DA) diameter, blood flow velocity in PCV & DA vessels, cardiac output, and PCV & DA shear stresses. All cardiac parameters were analyzed with the aid of MicroZebraLab blood flow analysis software from Viewpoint. In addition, we studied the molecular effects of the developed NO-RPs on the mRNA expression of selected pro-inflammatory markers: IL-6, and Cox-2. Our findings demonstrated that the NO-RPs improved the survival rate in the heart failure zebrafish model and reversed heart failure by enhancing blood flow perfusion in Zebrafish embryos, significantly. In addition, RT-PCR results showed that the NO-RPs significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (lL-6&COX-2) in the heart failure zebrafish model. Our study confirmed that the developed SPIONs-loaded NO-RPs are effective tool to alleviate cardiac failure and inflammation in the HF zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadeel T Zedan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dana Al-Fakhroo
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hend Elsayed Ibrahim
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sumaya Ibrahim Abiib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6 of October City, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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3
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Cheng J, Huang H, Chen Y, Wu R. Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304294. [PMID: 37897322 PMCID: PMC10754137 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
With the changing disease spectrum, atherosclerosis has become increasingly prevalent worldwide and the associated diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death. Due to their fascinating physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, nanomaterials are regarded as a promising tool to tackle enormous challenges in medicine. The emerging discipline of nanomedicine has filled a huge application gap in the atherosclerotic field, ushering a new generation of diagnosis and treatment strategies. Herein, based on the essential pathogenic contributors of atherogenesis, as well as the distinct composition/structural characteristics, synthesis strategies, and surface design of nanoplatforms, the three major application branches (nanodiagnosis, nanotherapy, and nanotheranostic) of nanomedicine in atherosclerosis are elaborated. Then, state-of-art studies containing a sequence of representative and significant achievements are summarized in detail with an emphasis on the intrinsic interaction/relationship between nanomedicines and atherosclerosis. Particularly, attention is paid to the biosafety of nanomedicines, which aims to pave the way for future clinical translation of this burgeoning field. Finally, this comprehensive review is concluded by proposing unresolved key scientific issues and sharing the vision and expectation for the future, fully elucidating the closed loop from atherogenesis to the application paradigm of nanomedicines for advancing the early achievement of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Cheng
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325088P. R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
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Kamenshchikov NO, Duong N, Berra L. Nitric Oxide in Cardiac Surgery: A Review Article. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1085. [PMID: 37189703 PMCID: PMC10135597 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative organ injury remains a medical, social and economic problem in cardiac surgery. Patients with postoperative organ dysfunction have increases in morbidity, length of stay, long-term mortality, treatment costs and rehabilitation time. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical technologies or non-pharmacological interventions that can mitigate the continuum of multiple organ dysfunction and improve the outcomes of cardiac surgery. It is essential to identify agents that trigger or mediate an organ-protective phenotype during cardiac surgery. The authors highlight nitric oxide (NO) ability to act as an agent for perioperative protection of organs and tissues, especially in the heart-kidney axis. NO has been delivered in clinical practice at an acceptable cost, and the side effects of its use are known, predictable, reversible and relatively rare. This review presents basic data, physiological research and literature on the clinical application of NO in cardiac surgery. Results support the use of NO as a safe and promising approach in perioperative patient management. Further clinical research is required to define the role of NO as an adjunct therapy that can improve outcomes in cardiac surgery. Clinicians also have to identify cohorts of responders for perioperative NO therapy and the optimal modes for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay O. Kamenshchikov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nicolette Duong
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Respiratory Care Service, Patient Care Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lorenzo Berra
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Respiratory Care Service, Patient Care Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Dehghankelishadi P, Badiee P, Maritz MF, Dmochowska N, Thierry B. Bosutinib high density lipoprotein nanoformulation has potent tumour radiosensitisation effects. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:102. [PMID: 36945003 PMCID: PMC10028769 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the cell cycle is among the most effective approach to increase tumour cells' radio-sensitivity. However, the presence of dose-limiting side effects hampers the clinical use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the cell cycle. Towards addressing this challenge, we identified a bosutinib nanoformulation within high density lipoprotein nanoparticles (HDL NPs) as a promising radiosensitiser. Bosutinib is a kinase inhibitor clinically approved for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia that possesses radiosensitising properties through cell cycle checkpoint inhibition. We found that a remarkably high bosutinib loading (> 10%) within HDL NPs could be reliably achieved under optimal preparation conditions. The radiosensitisation activity of the bosutinib-HDL nanoformulation was first assessed in vitro in UM-SCC-1 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells, which confirmed efficient disruption of the radiation induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, the bosutinib nanoformulation out-performed free bosutinib, likely because of the specific affinity of HDL NPs with tumour cells. The combination of bosutinib-HDL NPs and radiotherapy significantly controlled tumour growth in an immunocompetent murine HNSCC model. The bosutinib-HDL nanoformulation also enhanced the radiation induced immune response through the polarisation of tumour associated macrophages towards proinflammatory phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Dehghankelishadi
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Parisa Badiee
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Michelle F Maritz
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Nicole Dmochowska
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Future Industries Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia.
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City West Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
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Wang S, Wang Y, Lai X, Sun J, Hu M, Chen M, Li C, Xu F, Fan C, Liu X, Song Y, Chen G, Deng Y. Minimalist Nanocomplex with Dual Regulation of Endothelial Function and Inflammation for Targeted Therapy of Inflammatory Vascular Diseases. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2761-2781. [PMID: 36719043 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vascular disorders, characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction combined with inflammation, are correlated with numerous fatal diseases, such as coronavirus disease-19 and atherosclerosis. Achieving vascular normalization is an urgent problem that must be solved when treating inflammatory vascular diseases. Inspired by the vascular regulatory versatility of nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) catalyzing l-arginine (l-Arg), the eNOS-activating effects of l-Arg, and the powerful anti-inflammatory and eNOS-replenishing effects of budesonide (BUD), we constructed a bi-prodrug minimalist nanoplatform co-loaded with BUD and l-Arg via polysialic acid (PSA) to form BUD-l-Arg@PSA. This promoted vascular normalization by simultaneously regulating vascular endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Mediated by the special affinity between PSA and E-selectin, which is highly expressed on the surface of activated endothelial cells (ECs), BUD-l-Arg@PSA selectively accumulated in activated ECs, targeted eNOS expression and activation, and promoted NO production. Consequently, the binary synergistic regulation of the NO/eNOS signaling pathway occurred and improved vascular endothelial function. NO-induced nuclear factor-kappa B alpha inhibitor (IκBα) stabilization and BUD-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) response gene site occupancy achieved dual-site blockade of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the inflammatory response and inhibiting the infiltration of inflammation-related immune cells. In a renal ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model, BUD-l-Arg@PSA reduced acute injury. In an atherosclerosis mouse model, BUD-l-Arg@PSA decreased atherosclerotic plaque burden and improved vasodilation. This represents a revolutionary therapeutic strategy for inflammatory vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Yuequan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Xiaoxue Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Jianwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Miao Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Chuizhong Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
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7
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Huang J, Zhu H, Yu P, Ma Y, Gong J, Fu Y, Song H, Huang M, Luo J, Jiang J, Gao X, Feng J, Jiang G. Recombinant High-Density Lipoprotein Boosts the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mild Hypothermia in Traumatic Brain Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:26-38. [PMID: 35833835 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to neuropsychiatric symptoms and increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Mild hypothermia is commonly used in patients suffering from severe TBI. However, its effect for long-term protection is limited, mostly because of its insufficient anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective efficacy and restricted treatment duration. Recombinant high-density lipoprotein (rHDL), which possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, was expected to potentially strengthen the therapeutic effect of mild hypothermia in TBI treatment. To test this hypothesis and optimize the regimen for combination therapy, the efficacy of mild hypothermia plus concurrent or sequential rHDL on oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and cell survival in the damaged brain cells was evaluated. It was found that the effect of combining mild hypothermia with concurrent rHDL was modest, as mild hypothermia inhibited the cellular uptake and lesion-site-targeting delivery of rHDL. In contrast, the combination of mild hypothermia with sequential rHDL more powerfully improved the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, promoted nerve cell survival and BBB restoration, and ameliorated neurologic changes, which thus remarkably restored the spatial learning and memory ability of TBI mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that rHDL may serve as a novel nanomedicine for adjunctive therapy of TBI and highlight the importance of timing of combination therapy for optimal treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Huang
- Brain Injury Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuxiao Ma
- Brain Injury Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jingru Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Yuli Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huahua Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiyao Jiang
- Brain Injury Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Junfeng Feng
- Brain Injury Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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Bhullar AS, Zhang L, Burns N, Cheng X, Guo P. Voltage controlled shutter regulates channel size and motion direction of protein aperture as durable nano-electric rectifier-----An opinion in biomimetic nanoaperture. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121863. [PMID: 36356474 PMCID: PMC9766157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In optical devices such as camera or microscope, an aperture is used to regulate light intensity for imaging. Here we report the discovery and construction of a durable bio-aperture at nanometerscale that can regulate current at the pico-ampere scale. The nano-aperture is made of 12 identical protein subunits that form a 3.6-nm channel with a shutter and "one-way traffic" property. This shutter responds to electrical potential differences across the aperture and can be turned off for double stranded DNA translocation. This voltage enables directional control, and three-step regulation for opening and closing. The nano-aperture was constructed in vitro and purified into homogeneity. The aperture was stable at pH2-12, and a temperature of -85C-60C. When an electrical potential was held, three reproducible discrete steps of current flowing through the channel were recorded. Each step reduced 32% of the channel dimension evident by the reduction of the measured current flowing through the aperture. The current change is due to the change of the resistance of aperture size. The transition between these three distinct steps and the direction of the current was controlled via the polarity of the voltage applied across the aperture. When the C-terminal of the aperture was fused to an antigen, the antibody and antigen interaction resulted in a 32% reduction of the channel size. This phenomenon was used for disease diagnosis since the incubation of the antigen-nano-aperture with a specific cancer antibody resulted in a change of 32% of current. The purified truncated cone-shape aperture automatically self-assembled efficiently into a sheet of the tetragonal array via head-to-tail self-interaction. The nano-aperture discovery with a controllable shutter, discrete-step current regulation, formation of tetragonal sheet, and one-way current traffic provides a nanoscale electrical circuit rectifier for nanodevices and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhjeet S Bhullar
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; And Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; And Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicolas Burns
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; And Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy; College of Medicine; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; And Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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9
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Nanoparticle-based delivery of nitric oxide for therapeutic applications. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:403-427. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2022-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a low molecular weight signaling molecule, plays critical roles in both cellular health and disease. There is continued interest in new modalities for the controlled therapeutic delivery of NO to cells and tissues. The physicochemical properties of NO (including its short half-life and on-demand synthesis at the point of function), however, pose considerable challenges for its specific and efficient delivery. Recently, a number of nanoparticle (NP)-based systems are described that address some of these issues by taking advantage of the unique attributes of the NP carrier to effect efficient NO delivery. This review highlights the progress that has been made over the past 5 years in the use of various constructs for the therapeutic delivery of NO.
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10
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Choi KA, Kim JH, Ryu K, Kaushik N. Current Nanomedicine for Targeted Vascular Disease Treatment: Trends and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12397. [PMID: 36293254 PMCID: PMC9604340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been developed to deliver cargos effectively to the vascular system. Nanomedicine is a novel and effective approach for targeted vascular disease treatment including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, strokes, peripheral arterial disease, and cancer. It has been well known for some time that vascular disease patients have a higher cancer risk than the general population. During atherogenesis, the endothelial cells are activated to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and P-selectin. This biological activation of endothelial cells gives a targetability clue for nanoparticle strategies. Nanoparticle formation has a passive targeting pathway due to the increased adhesion molecule expression on the cell surface as well as increased cell activation. In addition, the VCAM-1-targeting peptide has been widely used to target the inflamed endothelial cells. Biomimetic nanoparticles using platelet and leukocyte membrane fragment strategies have been promising techniques for targeted vascular disease treatment. Cyclodextrin, a natural oligosaccharide with a hydrophobic cavity, increase the solubility of cholesterol crystals at the atherosclerotic plaque site and has been used to deliver the hydrophobic drug statin as a therapeutic in a targeted manner. In summary, nanoparticles decorated with various targeting molecules will be an effective and promising strategy for targeted vascular disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Choi
- National Institute of Medical Welfare, Kangnam University, Yongin 16979, Korea
| | - June Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
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11
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Opoku‐Damoah Y, Zhang R, Ta HT, Xu ZP. Therapeutic gas-releasing nanomedicines with controlled release: Advances and perspectives. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20210181. [PMID: 37325503 PMCID: PMC10190986 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery has become one of the most popular approaches for maximising drug therapeutic potentials. With the notable improvements, a greater challenge hinges on the formulation of gasotransmitters with unique challenges that are not met in liquid and solid active ingredients. Gas molecules upon release from formulations for therapeutic purposes have not really been discussed extensively. Herein, we take a critical look at four key gasotransmitters, that is, carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), their possible modification into prodrugs known as gas-releasing molecules (GRMs), and their release from GRMs. Different nanosystems and their mediatory roles for efficient shuttling, targeting and release of these therapeutic gases are also reviewed extensively. This review thoroughly looks at the diverse ways in which these GRM prodrugs in delivery nanosystems are designed to respond to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli for sustained release. In this review, we seek to provide a succinct summary for the development of therapeutic gases into potent prodrugs that can be adapted in nanomedicine for potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Opoku‐Damoah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Hang T. Ta
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology CentreGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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12
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He M, Wang D, Xu Y, Jiang F, Zheng J, Feng Y, Cao J, Zhou X. Nitric Oxide-Releasing Platforms for Treating Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071345. [PMID: 35890241 PMCID: PMC9317153 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first leading cause of death globally. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that mediates diverse processes in the cardiovascular system, thereby providing a fundamental basis for NO-based therapy of CVD. At present, numerous prodrugs have been developed to release NO in vivo. However, the clinical application of these prodrugs still faces many problems, including the low payloads, burst release, and non-controlled delivery. To address these, various biomaterial-based platforms have been developed as the carriers to deliver NO to the targeted tissues in a controlled and sustained manner. This review aims to summarize recent developments of various therapeutic platforms, engineered to release NO for the treatment of CVD. In addition, two potential strategies to improve the effectiveness of existing NO therapy are also discussed, including the combination of NO-releasing platforms and either hydrogen sulfide-based therapy or stem cell therapy. Hopefully, some NO-releasing platforms may provide important therapeutic benefits for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue He
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Deping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yumei Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fangying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yanlin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (M.H.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.W.); (F.J.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.F.); (J.C.); (X.Z.)
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13
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Hu Q, Fang Z, Ge J, Li H. Nanotechnology for cardiovascular diseases. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100214. [PMID: 35243468 PMCID: PMC8866095 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become the major killers in today's world, among which coronary artery diseases (CADs) make the greatest contributions to morbidity and mortality. Although state-of-the-art technologies have increased our knowledge of the cardiovascular system, the current diagnosis and treatment modalities for CADs still have limitations. As an emerging cross-disciplinary approach, nanotechnology has shown great potential for clinical use. In this review, recent advances in nanotechnology in the diagnosis of CADs will first be elucidated. Both the sensitivity and specificity of biosensors for biomarker detection and molecular imaging strategies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, nuclear scintigraphy, and multimodal imaging strategies, have been greatly increased with the assistance of nanomaterials. Second, various nanomaterials, such as liposomes, polymers (PLGA), inorganic nanoparticles (AuNPs, MnO2, etc.), natural nanoparticles (HDL, HA), and biomimetic nanoparticles (cell-membrane coating) will be discussed as engineered as drug (chemicals, proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) carriers targeting pathological sites based on their optimal physicochemical properties and surface modification potential. Finally, some of these nanomaterials themselves are regarded as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of atherosclerosis because of their intrinsic antioxidative/anti-inflammatory and photoelectric/photothermal characteristics in a complex plaque microenvironment. In summary, novel nanotechnology-based research in the process of clinical transformation could continue to expand the horizon of nanoscale technologies in the diagnosis and therapy of CADs in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital & Zhongshan-xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheyan Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital & Zhongshan-xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital & Zhongshan-xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital & Zhongshan-xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Lee HM, Choi JW, Choi MS. Role of Nitric Oxide and Protein S-Nitrosylation in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:57. [PMID: 35052559 PMCID: PMC8772765 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a process in which damage is induced in hypoxic tissue when oxygen supply is resumed after ischemia. During IRI, restoration of reduced nitric oxide (NO) levels may alleviate reperfusion injury in ischemic organs. The protective mechanism of NO is due to anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant effects, and the regulation of cell signaling pathways. On the other hand, it is generally known that S-nitrosylation (SNO) mediates the detrimental or protective effect of NO depending on the action of the nitrosylated target protein, and this is also applied in the IRI process. In this review, the effect of each change of NO and SNO during the IRI process was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Mi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea;
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Min Sik Choi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea
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15
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Siren EMJ, Luo HD, Tam F, Montgomery A, Enns W, Moon H, Sim L, Rey K, Guan Q, Wang JJ, Wardell CM, Monajemi M, Mojibian M, Levings MK, Zhang ZJ, Du C, Withers SG, Choy JC, Kizhakkedathu JN. Prevention of vascular-allograft rejection by protecting the endothelial glycocalyx with immunosuppressive polymers. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1202-1216. [PMID: 34373602 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic immunosuppression for the mitigation of immune rejection after organ transplantation causes adverse side effects and constrains the long-term benefits of the transplanted graft. Here we show that protecting the endothelial glycocalyx in vascular allografts via the enzymatic ligation of immunosuppressive glycopolymers under cold-storage conditions attenuates the acute and chronic rejection of the grafts after transplantation in the absence of systemic immunosuppression. In syngeneic and allogeneic mice that received kidney transplants, the steric and immunosuppressive properties of the ligated polymers largely protected the transplanted grafts from ischaemic reperfusion injury, and from immune-cell adhesion and thereby immunocytotoxicity. Polymer-mediated shielding of the endothelial glycocalyx following organ procurement should be compatible with clinical procedures for transplant preservation and perfusion, and may reduce the damage and rejection of transplanted organs after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M J Siren
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Haiming D Luo
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Franklin Tam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashani Montgomery
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Winnie Enns
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Haisle Moon
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lyann Sim
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Rey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qiunong Guan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jiao-Jing Wang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine M Wardell
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mahdis Monajemi
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Majid Mojibian
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Megan K Levings
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zheng J Zhang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen G Withers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Choy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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16
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Gonzaga de França Lopes L, Gouveia Júnior FS, Karine Medeiros Holanda A, Maria Moreira de Carvalho I, Longhinotti E, Paulo TF, Abreu DS, Bernhardt PV, Gilles-Gonzalez MA, Cirino Nogueira Diógenes I, Henrique Silva Sousa E. Bioinorganic systems responsive to the diatomic gases O2, NO, and CO: From biological sensors to therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Liu Z, Zhong Y, Zhou X, Huang X, Zhou J, Huang D, Li Y, Wang Z, Dong B, Qiao H, Chen W. Inherently nitric oxide containing polymersomes remotely regulated by NIR for improving multi-modal therapy on drug resistant cancer. Biomaterials 2021; 277:121118. [PMID: 34481293 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of nitric oxide (NO) has been highly attractive to tumor treatment, especially for surmounting the multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer. However, the NO-involved therapy remains extremely challenging because of the difficulty to simultaneously control the NO release rate and real-time concentration. Herein, we construct NO-containing polymersomes with high amount of NO donors inherently grown on the polymer chains to keep the stability. These polymersomes can be simultaneously loaded with photosensitizer of IR780 iodide on the membrane layer and chemotherapeutic of DOX·HCl in the lumen. NO release can be triggered by the reduction conditions, and further accelerated by remote NIR irradiation due to the increased local temperature. The instantaneous NO release with high concentration significantly inhibits the P-gp expression and sensitize the chemotherapy, thus overcoming the tumor MDR and improving the anti-tumor activity. Meanwhile, DOX·HCl release is highly promoted at the intracellular conditions because of the cleavage of acid-labile cis-aconitic amide at endo/lysosomal pH, and the improved hydrophilicity of the membrane layer after NO release. The in vivo results show that the single intravenous injection of polymersome formulation companying with NIR irradiation exerts multi-modal therapies of chemotherapy, PTT/PDT, and NO-therapy on the MCF-7/R tumor models, showing superior and combinational treatment efficacy with the complete eradication of tumors and few side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yinan Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Engineering Research Center for Smart Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haishi Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Engineering Research Center for Smart Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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18
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Rumanti AP, Maruf A, Liu H, Ge S, Lei D, Wang G. Engineered bioresponsive nanotherapeutics: recent advances in the treatment of atherosclerosis and ischemic-related disease. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4804-4825. [PMID: 34085084 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00330e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biological stimuli that are present during the pathogenesis of disease have gained considerable interest as a critical element for the design of smart drug delivery systems. Recently, the utilization of biological stimuli-responsive (bioresponsive) nanotheranostic agents to treat atherosclerosis and ischemic-related diseases has demonstrated significant outcomes in preclinical studies. Those diseases share similar hallmarks, including high levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), low pH, and high enzyme activity. Interestingly, other relevant biological stimuli such as shear stress, cholesterol, and glutathione have recently been explored as internal stimuli to trigger drug release and some particular actions. In addition, a number of strategies can be proposed to enhance their targeting efficiency, diagnostic properties, and efficacy rate. This review discusses recent advancements in the preclinical studies of bioresponsive nanotherapeutics as diagnostic and therapeutic agents against atherosclerosis and ischemic-related diseases as well as some potential strategies to overcome the current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Pratiwi Rumanti
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Faculty of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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19
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Ahamad N, Kar A, Mehta S, Dewani M, Ravichandran V, Bhardwaj P, Sharma S, Banerjee R. Immunomodulatory nanosystems for treating inflammatory diseases. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120875. [PMID: 34010755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease (ID) is an umbrella term encompassing all illnesses involving chronic inflammation as the central manifestation of pathogenesis. These include, inflammatory bowel diseases, hepatitis, pulmonary disorders, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, arthritis, periodontitis, psoriasis. The IDs create a severe burden on healthcare and significantly impact the global socio-economic balance. Unfortunately, the standard therapies that rely on a combination of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents are palliative and provide only short-term relief. In contrast, the emerging concept of immunomodulatory nanosystems (IMNs) has the potential to address the underlying causes and prevent reoccurrence, thereby, creating new opportunities for treating IDs. The IMNs offer exquisite ability to precisely modulate the immune system for a therapeutic advantage. The nano-sized dimension of IMNs allows them to efficiently infiltrate lymphatic drainage, interact with immune cells, and subsequently to undergo rapid endocytosis by hyperactive immune cells (HICs) at inflamed sites. Thus, IMNs serve to restore dysfunctional or HICs and alleviate the inflammation. We identified that different IMNs exert their immunomodulatory action via either of the seven mechanisms to modulate; cytokine production, cytokine neutralization, cellular infiltration, macrophage polarization, HICs growth inhibition, stimulating T-reg mediated tolerance and modulating oxidative-stress. In this article, we discussed representative examples of IMNs by highlighting their rationalization, design principle, and mechanism of action in context of treating various IDs. Lastly, we highlighted technical challenges in the application of IMNs and explored the future direction of research, which could potentially help to overcome those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ahamad
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhinanda Kar
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sourabh Mehta
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; IITB-Monash Research Academy IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Mahima Dewani
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Vasanthan Ravichandran
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Prateek Bhardwaj
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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20
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Rink JS, Lin AY, McMahon KM, Calvert AE, Yang S, Taxter T, Moreira J, Chadburn A, Behdad A, Karmali R, Thaxton CS, Gordon LI. Targeted reduction of cholesterol uptake in cholesterol-addicted lymphoma cells blocks turnover of oxidized lipids to cause ferroptosis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100100. [PMID: 33208460 PMCID: PMC7949030 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal human cells can either synthesize cholesterol or take it up from lipoproteins to meet their metabolic requirements. In some malignant cells, de novo cholesterol synthesis genes are transcriptionally silent or mutated, meaning that cholesterol uptake from lipoproteins is required for survival. Recent data suggest that lymphoma cells dependent upon lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol uptake are also subject to ferroptosis, an oxygen- and iron-dependent cell death mechanism triggered by accumulation of oxidized lipids in cell membranes unless the lipid hydroperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), reduces these toxic lipid species. To study mechanisms linking cholesterol uptake with ferroptosis and determine the potential role of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor as a target for cholesterol depleting therapy, we treated lymphoma cell lines known to be sensitive to the reduction of cholesterol uptake with HDL-like nanoparticles (HDL NPs). HDL NPs are a cholesterol-poor ligand that binds to the receptor for cholesterol-rich HDLs, scavenger receptor type B1 (SCARB1). Our data reveal that HDL NP treatment activates a compensatory metabolic response in treated cells toward increased de novo cholesterol synthesis, which is accompanied by nearly complete reduction in expression of GPX4. As a result, oxidized membrane lipids accumulate, leading to cell death through a mechanism consistent with ferroptosis. We obtained similar results in vivo after systemic administration of HDL NPs in mouse lymphoma xenografts and in primary samples obtained from patients with lymphoma. In summary, targeting SCARB1 with HDL NPs in cholesterol uptake-addicted lymphoma cells abolishes GPX4, resulting in cancer cell death by a mechanism consistent with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Rink
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Adam Yuh Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Andrea E Calvert
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Shuo Yang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tim Taxter
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan Moreira
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy Chadburn
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amir Behdad
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Reem Karmali
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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21
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Henrich SE, McMahon KM, Plebanek MP, Calvert AE, Feliciano TJ, Parrish S, Tavora F, Mega A, De Souza A, Carneiro BA, Thaxton CS. Prostate cancer extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular communication with bone marrow cells and promote metastasis in a cholesterol-dependent manner. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12042. [PMID: 33408816 PMCID: PMC7775568 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary tumours can establish long-range communication with distant organs to transform them into fertile soil for circulating tumour cells to implant and proliferate, a process called pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation. Tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are potent mediators of PMN formation due to their diverse complement of pro-malignant molecular cargo and their propensity to target specific cell types (Costa-Silva et al., 2015; Hoshino et al., 2015; Peinado et al., 2012; Peinado et al., 2017). While significant progress has been made to understand the mechanisms by which pro-metastatic EVs create tumour-favouring microenvironments at pre-metastatic organ sites, comparatively little attention has been paid to the factors intrinsic to recipient cells that may modify the extent to which pro-metastatic EV signalling is received and transduced. Here, we investigated the role of recipient cell cholesterol homeostasis in prostate cancer (PCa) EV-mediated signalling and metastasis. Using a bone metastatic model of enzalutamide-resistant PCa, we first characterized an axis of EV-mediated communication between PCa cells and bone marrow that is marked by in vitro and in vivo PCa EV uptake by bone marrow myeloid cells, activation of NF-κB signalling, enhanced osteoclast differentiation, and reduced myeloid thrombospondin-1 expression. We then employed a targeted, biomimetic approach to reduce myeloid cell cholesterol in vitro and in vivo prior to conditioning with PCa EVs. Reducing myeloid cell cholesterol prevented the uptake of PCa EVs by recipient myeloid cells, abolished NF-κB activity and osteoclast differentiation, stabilized thrombospondin-1 expression, and reduced metastatic burden by 77%. These results demonstrate that cholesterol homeostasis in bone marrow myeloid cells regulates pro-metastatic EV signalling and metastasis by acting as a gatekeeper for EV signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. Henrich
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kaylin M. McMahon
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Michael P. Plebanek
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrea E. Calvert
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Timothy J. Feliciano
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Samuel Parrish
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Fabio Tavora
- Department of PathologyMessejana Heart and Lung HospitalFortalezaBrazil
| | - Anthony Mega
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Andre De Souza
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Warren Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Department of UrologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Yang G, Song J, Zhang J. Biomimetic and bioresponsive nanotherapies for inflammatory vascular diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1917-1921. [PMID: 32677583 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, PR China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, PR China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn & Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
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23
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You C, Li Y, Dong Y, Ning L, Zhang Y, Yao L, Wang F. Low-Temperature Trigger Nitric Oxide Nanogenerators for Enhanced Mild Photothermal Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1535-1542. [PMID: 33455391 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Surmounting the restriction issues of nitric oxide (NO) delivery to realize their precious on-demand release is highly beneficial for the widespread deployment of gas therapy for application in biomedicine. Herein, by employing core-shell structure Au@SiO2 nanomaterials with high photothermal performance, a novel strategy was proposed by integrating photothermal conversion nanomaterials and heat-triggered NO donors (RSNO) into a nanoplatform, which achieved photothermal therapy (PTT)-enhanced NO gas therapy under near-infrared (NIR) radiation. Specifically, 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES), an inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), was loaded into the NO nanogenerators to realize effective low-temperature (∼45 °C) PTT. The obtained results showed that the near-infrared radiation (NIR) mediated mild PTT and gas therapy by releasing NO showed a substantially improved synergistic effect based on in vitro and in vivo results in breast cancer (MCF-7) models. Our study points out a strategy to realize mild photothermal therapy by inhibiting the expression of HSP-70 and simultaneously providing an avenue to achieve controllable release of NO. More important, this research highlights the great potential of multifunctional therapeutic agents in the synergistic treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun You
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yaojia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210089, PR China
| | - Yixin Dong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Like Ning
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Liyang Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, PR China
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Gong M, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Zheng J, Li Y, Wang S, Yuan Y. Development of synthetic high-density lipoprotein-based ApoA-I mimetic peptide-loaded docetaxel as a drug delivery nanocarrier for breast cancer chemotherapy. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:708-716. [PMID: 31290708 PMCID: PMC6691925 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1618420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL), peptide-based nanocarrier loaded with docetaxel (DTX) was constructed, against breast cancer. The thermodynamic and molecular dynamic analyses were conducted to examine the stability of nanoparticles synthesized from mimetic peptide 5 A and various types of phospholipids. Furthermore, the cellular uptake and in vivo fluorescence imaging analysis experiments, with scavenger receptor B-I (SR-BI) were carried out to examine the tumor-targeting ability of sHDL. The nanoparticles were investigated for their pharmacodynamic and cytotoxic effects to show their effectivity as anti-tumor agents. The results showed that the synthesized sHDL nanoparticles exhibited a high payload of DTX, sustained drug release properties, and excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, DTX-sHDL nanoparticles enhanced the uptake of DTX, increased the cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells, and reduced the off-target side-effects to normal cells. Finally, experiments in 4T1 cell line-bearing mice indicate that inhibition of tumor growth by DTX-sHDL nanoparticles was superior to that of free DTX group. Thus, the sHDL nanoparticles are a promising drug delivery vehicle for improving the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Gong
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China.,b Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- c Department of General Surgery , General Hospital of Benxi Iron and Steel Co. Ltd , Benxi , P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China.,b Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Jiani Zheng
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China.,b Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China.,b Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Siling Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Yue Yuan
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China.,b Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
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25
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Chen J, Zhang X, Millican R, Creutzmann JE, Martin S, Jun HW. High density lipoprotein mimicking nanoparticles for atherosclerosis. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:6. [PMID: 31984429 PMCID: PMC6983461 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to many cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease, making it the leading cause of death worldwide. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), also known as "good cholesterol", have been shown to demonstrate anti-atherosclerotic efficacy through the removal of cholesterol from foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques. Because of the excellent anti-atherosclerotic properties of HDL, in the past several years, there has been tremendous attention in designing HDL mimicking nanoparticles (NPs) of varying functions to image, target, and treat atherosclerosis. In this review, we are summarizing the recent progress in the development of HDL mimicking NPs and their applications for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Reid Millican
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Jacob Emil Creutzmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Sean Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
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26
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Advances in HDL: Much More than Lipid Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030732. [PMID: 31979129 PMCID: PMC7037660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) particles, beyond serving as lipid transporters and playing a key role in reverse cholesterol transport, carry a highly variable number of proteins, micro-RNAs, vitamins, and hormones, which endow them with the ability to mediate a plethora of cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote cardiovascular health. It is becoming increasingly evident, however, that the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities alters HDLs cargo and protective functions. This concept has led to the notion that metrics other than HDL-cholesterol levels, such as HDL functionality and composition, may better capture HDL cardiovascular protection. On the other hand, the potential of HDL as natural delivery carriers has also fostered the design of engineered HDL-mimetics aiming to improve HDL efficacy or as drug-delivery agents with therapeutic potential. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the molecules known to be transported by HDL particles and mainly discuss their functions in the cardiovascular system. Second, we describe the impact of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities on HDL remodeling. Finally, we review the currently developed HDL-based approaches.
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27
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Nurhidayah D, Maruf A, Zhang X, Liao X, Wu W, Wang G. Advanced drug-delivery systems: mechanoresponsive nanoplatforms applicable in atherosclerosis management. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:3105-3122. [PMID: 31823682 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoplatforms have been used extensively as advanced carriers to enhance the effectiveness of drug delivery, mostly through passive aggregation provided by the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Mechanical stimuli provide a robust strategy to bolster drug delivery performance by increasing the accumulation of nanoplatforms at the lesion sites, facilitating on-demand cargo release and providing theranostic aims. In this review, we focus on recent advances of mechanoresponsive nanoplatforms that can accomplish targeted drug delivery, and subsequent drug release, under specific stimuli, either endogenous (shear stress) or exogenous (magnetic field and ultrasound), to synergistically combat atherosclerosis at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deti Nurhidayah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ali Maruf
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaoling Liao
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biological Medicine Detection Technology, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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28
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Vargas KM, San KA, Shon YS. Isolated Effects of Surface Ligand Density on the Catalytic Activity and Selectivity of Palladium Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2019; 2:7188-7196. [PMID: 34085029 PMCID: PMC8171273 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.9b01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Alkanethiolate-capped palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have previously been synthesized by using a modified Brust-Schiffrin synthesis (using alkanethiosulfate instead of alkanethiol), in which the nanoparticle core size is established during alkanethiosulfate ligand passivation of the nanoparticle nucleation-growth initiated by borohydride reduction. Because of the dependence of core size on the amount of ligand present, surface ligand density decreases with increasing core size. Herein we present a method in which the core size is established independent of ligand addition, allowing the formation of PdNPs with similar core sizes yet different surface ligand densities. In this method, the core size is established during the temporary passivation of growing nanoparticles by borohydride and tetra-N-octylammonium bromide (TOAB), allowing nucleation to reach completion. Various molar equivalents of alkyl thiosulfate are then added, prompting the replacement of borohydride and TOAB and the formation of alkanethiolate-capped PdNPs. The resulting PdNPs were characterized by using 1H NMR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The overall enhanced catalytic activity of hydrogenation/isomerization of alkenes and dienes was observed for PdNPs with a lower ligand density, proving the isolated effect of surface ligand density from other variations such as core size and shape. Surface ligand density is also shown to influence the hydrogenation/isomerization product selectivity of the catalytic reactions by regulating the formation of certain Pd-substrate intermediates and the kinetic diffusion of surface hydrogen/substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Vargas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
- Keck Energy Materials Program, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Khin Aye San
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Young-Seok Shon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
- Keck Energy Materials Program, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
- Corresponding Author:. Phone: 562-985-4466. Fax: 562-985-8547
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29
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Jiang C, Qi Z, He W, Li Z, Tang Y, Wang Y, Huang Y, Zang H, Yang H, Liu J. Dynamically enhancing plaque targeting via a positive feedback loop using multifunctional biomimetic nanoparticles for plaque regression. J Control Release 2019; 308:71-85. [PMID: 31295543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A paradigm shift from preventive therapy to aggressive plaque regression and eventual eradication is much needed to address increasing atherosclerotic burden and risks. Herein, we report a biologically inspired dual-targeting multifunctional recombinant high-density lipoprotein (rHDL)-mimicking core-shell nanoplatform. It is composed of an ATP-responsive ternary polyplexes core for SR-A siRNA and catalase complexation, and a phosphatidylserine-modified rHDL-based outer shell for SR-BI and CD36 targeting, in which pitavastatin is packaged. We demonstrated that dual-targeting biomimetic core-shell nanoparticles dynamically enhanced macrophage CD36 targeting in the plaques by establishing a positive feedback loop via the reciprocal regulation of SR-A and CD36. Positive feedback-enabled accumulation of the nanoparticles in the atherosclerotic plaques increased by 3.3-fold following 4-week repeated administration. A 3-month dosage regimen of the dual-targeting rHDL-mimicking nanoparticles reduced plaque areas by 65.8%, and decreased macrophages by 57.3%. Collectively, this work shows that dynamically enhancing plaque targeting via a positive feedback loop and dual action of cholesterol deposition inhibition and efflux enhancement accomplished with our novel multifunctional biomimetic nanoparticles provides a new way to regress plaques and alleviate the atherosclerotic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Zitong Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Wanhua He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Zhuoting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Yuqi Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Yunbo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Yilei Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Haojing Zang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
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30
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Nanotherapies for Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: A Case for Antioxidant Targeted Delivery. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 7:47-60. [PMID: 31396435 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-019-00196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves a broad range of clinical manifestations resulting from a dysfunctional vascular system. Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are causally implicated in the severity of vascular dysfunction and CVD. Antioxidant therapy is an attractive avenue for treatment of CVD associated pathologies. Implementation of targeted nano-antioxidant therapies has the potential to overcome hurdles associated with systemic delivery of antioxidants. This review examines the currently available options for nanotherapeutic targeting CVD, and explores successful studies showcasing targeted nano-antioxidant therapy. Recent Findings Active targeting strategies in the context of CVD heavily focus on immunotargeting to inflammatory markers like cell adhesion molecules, or to exposed extracellular matrix components. Targeted antioxidant nanotherapies have found success in pre-clinical studies. Summary This review underscores the potential of targeted nanocarriers as means of finding success translating antioxidant therapies to the clinic, all with a focus on CVD.
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31
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Zhang D, Wang Y. Functional Protein-Based Bioinspired Nanomaterials: From Coupled Proteins, Synthetic Approaches, Nanostructures to Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3054. [PMID: 31234528 PMCID: PMC6627797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-based bioinspired nanomaterials (PBNs) combines the advantage of the size, shape, and surface chemistry of nanomaterials, the morphology and functions of natural materials, and the physical and chemical properties of various proteins. Recently, there are many exciting developments on biomimetic nanomaterials using proteins for different applications including, tissue engineering, drug delivery, diagnosis and therapy, smart materials and structures, and water collection and separation. Protein-based biomaterials with high biocompatibility and biodegradability could be modified to obtain the healing effects of natural organisms after injury by mimicking the extracellular matrix. For cancer and other diseases that are difficult to cure now, new therapeutic methods involving different kinds of biomaterials are studied. The nanomaterials with surface modification, which can achieve high drug loading, can be used as drug carriers to enhance target and trigger deliveries. For environment protection and the sustainability of the world, protein-based nanomaterials are also applied for water treatment. A wide range of contaminants from natural water source, such as organic dyes, oil substances, and multiple heavy ions, could be absorbed by protein-based nanomaterials. This review summarizes the formation and application of functional PBNs, and the details of their nanostructures, the proteins involved, and the synthetic approaches are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Yi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen Research Institute of Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Abstract
Biomolecule-nanoparticle hybrids have proven to be one of most promising frontiers in biomedical research. In recent years, there has been an increased focus on the development of hybrid lipid-nanoparticle complexes (HLNCs) which inherit unique properties of both the inorganic nanoparticles and the lipid assemblies (i.e. liposomes, lipoproteins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions) that comprise them. In combination of their component parts, HLNCs also gain new functionalities which are utilized for numerous biomedical applications (i.e. stimuli-triggered drug release, photothermal therapy, and bioimaging). The localization of nanoparticles within the lipid assemblies largely dictates the attributes and functionalities of the hybrid complexes and are classified as such: (i) liposomes with surface-bound nanoparticles, (ii) liposomes with bilayer-embedded nanoparticles, (iii) liposomes with core-encapsulated nanoparticles, (iv) lipid assemblies with hydrophobic core-encapsulated nanoparticles, and (v) lipid bilayer-coated nanoparticles. Herein, we review the properties of each hybrid and the rational design of HLNCs for biomedical applications as reported by recent investigations. Future directions in advancing and expanding the scope of HLNCs are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Vargas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, USA
| | - Young-Seok Shon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, USA
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33
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Qiu L, Zhang ZJ. Therapeutic Strategies of Kidney Transplant Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Insight From Mouse Models. BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH 2019; 14:002617. [PMID: 31093605 PMCID: PMC6513342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is inherent to all transplanted organs and is adversely associated with early renal graft function and graft longevity. Despite the progress in immunosuppressive regimens and perioperative care, no FDA-approved treatment for kidney transplant IRI is available to date. In recent years, by utilizing the modified and clinically-relevant mouse models of kidney transplantation (KTx) in which extended IRI is induced by the prolonged warm or cold ischemic time, studies have identified several potential therapeutic approaches for KTx IRI, including the hormone supplement, promoting tubular repair and regeneration, and targeting complement system, inflammation, and necroptosis. This review describes some of the lessons learned from mouse models of KTx with regard to factors that influence the severity of transplant IRI and the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, USA,Department of Surgery, USA,Corresponding author: Zheng Jenny Zhang, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
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34
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Hsiao HY, Chung CW, Santos JH, Villaflores OB, Lu TT. Fe in biosynthesis, translocation, and signal transduction of NO: toward bioinorganic engineering of dinitrosyl iron complexes into NO-delivery scaffolds for tissue engineering. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9431-9453. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00777f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous physiology of nitric oxide enables the bioinorganic engineering of [Fe(NO)2]-containing and NO-delivery scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Center for Tissue Engineering
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Taoyuan
- Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Wei Chung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Oliver B. Villaflores
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Santo Tomas
- Manila
- Philippines
| | - Tsai-Te Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
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35
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Jeong H, Park K, Yoo JC, Hong J. Structural heterogeneity in polymeric nitric oxide donor nanoblended coatings for controlled release behaviors. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38792-38800. [PMID: 35558288 PMCID: PMC9090654 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07707j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled nitric oxide (NO) delivery based on the heterogeneity of polymeric coating structures for local NO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejoong Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chan Yoo
- Biotechnology Research Center
- JCBIO Co., LTD
- Avison Biomedical Research Center (ABMAC)
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
| | - Jinkee Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
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