Gradient Sn-Doped Heteroepitaxial Film of Faceted Rutile TiO2 as an Electron Selective Layer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Progress and Application of Halide Perovskite Materials for Solar Cells and Light Emitting Devices

Halide perovskite materials have attracted worldwide attention in the photovoltaic area due to the rapid improvement in efficiency, from less than 4% in 2009 to 26.1% in 2023 with only a nanometer lever photo-active layer. Meanwhile, this nova star found applications in many other areas, such as light emitting, sensor, etc. This review started with the fundamentals of physics and chemistry behind the excellent performance of halide perovskite materials for photovoltaic/light emitting and the methods for preparing them. Then, it described the basic principles for solar cells and light emitting devices. It summarized the strategies including nanotechnology to improve the performance and the application of halide perovskite materials in these two areas: from structure-property relation to how each component in the devices affects the overall performance. Moreover, this review listed the challenges for the future applications of halide perovskite materials.

Synthesis of 1D-Anisotropic Particles Consisting of TiO2 Nanorods and SnO2 with Heteroepitaxial Junctions and Self-Assembled 3D-Microspheres

Anisotropic one-dimensional (1D)-particles with a SnO₂ "head", a TiO₂ "tail", and self-assembled three-dimensional (3D)-microspheres were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. At the first stage of the reaction, an amorphous TiO₂ layer is deposited on the SnO₂ surface. At the second stage, rutile nuclei are generated in the amorphous TiO₂ layer. At the third stage, a single TiO₂ nanorod grows from a SnO₂ particle with a heteroepitaxial relation of TiO₂(001)//SnO₂(001). Finally, the resulting 1D-anisotropic hybrid particles are self-assembled to form a radial 3D-microsphere with the SnO₂ head oriented in the central direction.